Rice transplanter for multi-row planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-row planting rice transplanter, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural power machinery, the multi-row planting rice transplanter comprises a seedling hopper, a frame body of the seedling hopper is provided with a plurality of parallel inclined bottom grooves, seedlings are vertically stacked in the inclined bottom grooves, and the downstream of each inclined bottom groove is provided with a seedling discharge port for the seedlings to be smoothly taken out; a main adjusting frame of the base is fixed below the seedling hopper. By arranging the contactors with the variable gaps and the matched adjusting assemblies of the contactors, lossless seedling taking and reliable clamping of seedlings are achieved. When the contactor is close to the seedling discharging opening from bottom to top, the variable gap is automatically enlarged by the adjusting assembly, so that a plurality of seedlings smoothly enter the fork head, and the damage of stems and leaves caused by too narrow opening is avoided; when the contactor moves downwards to the seedling discharging opening, the gap is rapidly reduced, seedling stems are actively clamped, friction force between seedlings is overcome, and it is ensured that the seedlings synchronously move downwards along with the contactor. The dynamic regulation mechanism remarkably reduces the seedling taking damage rate and improves the seedling integrity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural power machinery technology, specifically relating to a rice transplanter for multi-row planting. Background Technology

[0002] A rice transplanter is an agricultural machine used in paddy fields. It can automatically complete processes such as seedling picking, separating, and transplanting, significantly improving transplanting efficiency and uniformity. Modern rice transplanters are equipped with functions such as multi-row synchronous operation, adjustable plant spacing, and controllable depth. They are suitable for different seedling raising methods and field conditions, and are key equipment for achieving mechanized, large-scale, high-yield, and stable rice planting.

[0003] The existing Chinese utility model patent with patent number CN215835915U discloses a rice transplanter. When the drive wheels of the rice transplanter travel on an uneven, hard ground surface, the rear frame (rear wheels) and the front wheels swing around the axis of the support shaft of the rice transplanter body. Therefore, the rice transplanter body (floating boat) will not be interfered with and will not tilt. This allows the planting depth to be kept as consistent as possible, ensuring the planting effect. This solution only improves the consistency of planting depth from the perspective of the overall machine posture stability. However, it does not take into account the horizontal unevenness of the muddy ground caused by vehicle rolling and people trampling, which causes the whole machine to float up and down. It cannot completely solve the problem of unstable planting depth caused by ground potholes. In view of this, a multi-row planting rice transplanter is provided to solve the above-mentioned practical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rice transplanter for multi-row planting.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems is: Multi-row rice transplanters include: The seedling container has a frame with multiple parallel sloping bottom grooves, in which seedlings are vertically stacked. A seedling outlet is provided at the downstream end of the sloping bottom grooves so that the seedlings can be easily removed. The base has a main adjustment frame fixed below the seedling bucket. The height of the main adjustment frame is adjustable and the bottom is connected to a flat plate. The width of the flat plate is greater than the horizontal distance between the two rice planting surfaces. When moving forward, the flat plate will level the undulating ground. A wedge is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the flat plate. The wedge pushes part of the soil between the two rice planting surfaces to the left and right to fill in any pits or depressions that may exist on the rice planting surfaces. The rocker arm assembly has a main arm that is driven to swing cyclically by a secondary arm and an eccentric rod. The main arm is positioned directly opposite the lower inlet, and the free end of the main arm moves up and down reciprocally. During the up and down movement, the main arm moves closer to and further away from the lower inlet. The eccentric rod is connected to an external power source to provide rotational power. The contactor has a fork at the end of its middle rod, with the fork opening facing the lower end. The middle rod is installed at the free end of the main arm, and an adjustment component is provided at the fork opening to form a variable gap. Specifically, seedlings with their roots facing downwards are arranged in the sloping groove. When the contactor swings upwards towards the seedlings, the adjusting component enlarges the variable gap width, allowing the seedlings at the lower opening to smoothly enter the enlarged variable gap. This prevents the contactor opening from being too narrow and damaging the seedling stems and leaves. When the contactor contacts the seedlings at the lower opening, the adjusting component reduces the variable gap width, actively gripping the seedlings and overcoming friction with other seedlings to ensure smooth downward movement. During the seedling insertion process, the contactor maintains a gripping force on the seedlings, ensuring sufficient and controllable insertion depth, until the contactor moves upwards past the lower stop point of the swing. The seedlings are then covered by soil, and their roots detach from the contactor, effectively preventing them from lodging.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower part of the seedling hopper is provided with a frame, the main adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the frame, the rocker arm assembly is assembled and fixed to the frame, and the frame is provided with height-adjustable support wheels at the corresponding wedge positions.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, in order to ensure the integrity of the equipment, the frame is used to fix the seedling bucket, rocker arm assembly, support wheel and base together to form a complete body, ensuring that the row spacing is stable and controllable during the transplanting work. At the same time, the support wheel is located downstream of the base and travels in the ridge pressed by the wedge. While providing stable support, the height of the base can be adjusted to ensure that the transplanting working surface is flat and will not be excessively pressed down, causing the working surface to be in a deep underwater position.

[0008] Furthermore, the frame is provided with two symmetrical converging guide plates downstream of the sloping bottom groove, and the intersection of the surface extension lines of the two converging guide plates is located at the center line of the lower seedling opening.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, in order to ensure that the seedlings on both sides gather towards the seedling outlet in the middle, a converging guide plate is designed at the downstream corner of the sloping bottom trough to avoid dead zones that cause seedlings to stay there for a long time. Furthermore, the intersection of the extension lines of the converging guide plate coincides with the seedling outlet, which can gradually guide the seedlings on both sides towards the middle. That is, it can gradually squeeze and narrow the seedlings to form a conical outline, so that the seedlings are smoothly guided to the seedling outlet and effectively avoid the seedlings from concentrating into the seedling outlet and causing blockage.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame is provided with a stop bar on the upper part of the convergence guide plate, the stop bar is rotatably mounted with a bushing along the axial direction, and a horizontal distance is left between the stop bar and the lower seedling opening.

[0011] To ensure that the outer leaves are not damaged during the grasping process, a baffle is installed diagonally above the seedling inlet using the above technical solution. As the seedling slides downstream, the upper part of the seedling is blocked and squeezed away from the seedling inlet, causing the seedling to tilt at about five degrees. This allows the roots of the seedling to enter the seedling inlet first. In this way, as the contactor moves downward and approaches the seedling inlet, it will not insert between the main stem and outer leaves of the seedling, but will directly contact the lower part of the main stem, ensuring that the seedling is intact after grasping.

[0012] Furthermore, the base also includes a height-adjustable secondary adjustment frame, the flat plate is provided with a rocker plate facing the forward direction, the bottom end of the secondary adjustment frame is fixedly connected to the top surface of the flat plate near the rocker plate, and the top of the secondary adjustment frame is connected to the frame.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, in order to ensure the smooth and flatness of the rice transplanting surface, the upward-curving plank can press down the soil that is protruding upwards instead of shoveling it onto the flat plate during the forward movement of the base. Furthermore, the secondary adjustment frame and the main adjustment frame are independent of each other and can adjust the tilt angle of the flat plate, so that the height of the plank can be adjusted to the top of the flat plate. The downstream of the plank is located below the plank to deal with the more undulating ground and ensure that the rice transplanting surface with a higher degree of undulation is leveled smoothly.

[0014] Furthermore, a driven wheel is installed at the end of the eccentric rod, the driven wheel is meshed with the power source, the shaft of the driven wheel is rotatably connected to the frame through a bearing, the end of the eccentric rod away from the driven wheel is rotatably connected to the middle section of the main boom through a bearing, the end of the driven wheel away from the lower inlet is rotatably connected to the lower end of the auxiliary boom through a bearing, the upper end of the auxiliary boom is rotatably connected to the frame, and the contactor is installed at the end of the main boom away from the auxiliary boom.

[0015] The above technical solution discloses the implementation method of the main arm reciprocating swing. The power source adopts a motor-driven rotating shaft, which provides power to all rocker arm components. Specifically, multiple driven wheels are driven to rotate by a belt, which in turn drives the eccentric rod to rotate. The eccentric rod is installed in the middle of the main arm and, together with the auxiliary arm, limits the end of the main arm, so that the main arm, which is equipped with a contactor, can swing up and down significantly and back and forth slightly. When swinging upward, it swings backward away from the seedling bucket, and when swinging downward, it swings forward towards the seedling bucket. By adjusting the installation position of the seedling bucket and the contactor, the main arm can grab the seedlings and insert them downward into the flat transplanting surface of the base when it moves back and forth.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a swing arm, a counterweight is slidably disposed between the swing arm and the center rod, a frustum section is provided at the connection between the center rod and the main arm, a conical hole is provided at the lower part of the counterweight to cooperate with the frustum section, the swing arm is connected to the main arm through a spring plate, a spring frame is installed in the middle of the fork head, the spring frame is provided with two vertical plates, a deformation plate is provided at the bottom of the vertical plates to connect with the fork head, a protrusion is provided on the opposite side of the two vertical plates, and a contact head corresponding to the protrusion is provided at the end of the swing arm.

[0017] The above technical solution discloses a specific configuration of an adjustment component, employing a passive clamping method. Specifically, utilizing the weight of the counterweight and the elasticity of the spring clip and frame, when the main arm swings downwards towards the seedling opening, and the contactor height is below the hinge point of the main arm and eccentric rod, the counterweight slides towards the seedling opening. The conical hole disengages from the support of the frustum section, the spring clip causes the swing rod to swing downwards under pressure, and the contact head presses against the protrusion, causing the deformation plate to deform and thus bringing the two vertical plates closer together, thereby clamping the main stem of the seedling until... As the seedling roots descend with the contactor, they are inserted into the ground. The stickiness of the soil causes the seedlings to detach from the vertical blades, completing the entire seedling picking and transplanting process. As the main arm swings downward toward the seedling opening, passes the lower stop point, and resumes its upward movement, when the contactor height is higher than the hinge point of the main arm and the eccentric rod, the counterweight slides away from the seedling opening. The conical hole re-fits onto the frustum section, the spring rebounds, causing the swing arm to return to its original position. The contact head disengages from the protrusion, causing the deformation plate to rebound and move the two vertical blades away from each other, so that the next picking can be performed.

[0018] Furthermore, the counterweight is replaced by an electromagnet and an excitation block. The electromagnet is fixedly installed on the center rod near the fork head, and the excitation block is fixedly installed on the swing arm near the contact head. The electromagnet and the excitation block are arranged facing each other vertically.

[0019] The above technical solution facilitates the detachment of seedlings from the frame by employing an electronic control system combined with an electromagnet and an excitation block. The electronic control system includes a position sensor, which can be a Hall sensor mounted on the end face of the driven wheel. By detecting the angle of the driven wheel, the real-time position of the main arm is indirectly detected. As the main arm descends and approaches the seedling inlet, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the central rod remains stationary. When the main arm swings to be level with the lower edge of the seedling inlet, this position ensures that the seedling has entered between the two vertical plates. The electromagnet is energized to attract the excitation block, causing the two vertical plates to move closer together and clamp the seedling. When the main arm swings to the contactor at the lower stop point, this position ensures that the seedling has been inserted into the soil. The electromagnet is de-energized to release the excitation block, and the spring and deformation plate rebound to move the two vertical plates away from each other and release the seedling, preventing the seedling from being pulled out of the ground again as the contactor moves upward. The electronic control system has strong determinism, ensuring the stability and controllability of the transplanting action and the transplanting depth.

[0020] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes an air supply component, the center rod is disposed in a cavity that accommodates the air supply component, and two air bladders are provided on the outer side of the air supply component and the center rod, with the two air bladders horizontally opposite each other and mounted on the vertical side wall at the fork opening.

[0021] With the above technical solution, in the scenario of multi-seedling transplanting, in order to improve the survival rate, two to three seedlings are transplanted at the same time. However, the effective contact area between the cylindrical shape of the seedling and the vertical surface of the vertical strip is insufficient. In order to adapt to the stable clamping of multiple seedlings, an inflatable airbag is used to flexibly adapt to the outer contour of multiple seedlings. This does not damage the surface of the seedlings and can ensure the stability of the clamping. At the same time, the inflation and deflation of the airbag is actively controlled by an external bidirectional air pump. The ability to clamp and release seedlings during transplanting is strong and the transplanting stability is good.

[0022] Furthermore, the air supply component includes a sliding sleeve, which is embedded in the cavity of the central rod. A three-way pipe assembly is connected to the end of the sliding sleeve facing the airbag. A piston is slidably installed in the sliding sleeve. The three-way pipe assembly connects the chamber between the sliding sleeve and the piston to the two airbags respectively. A telescopic rod is installed at the end of the piston away from the three-way pipe assembly. The telescopic rod is installed in the cavity of the central rod.

[0023] The above technical solution discloses another inflation / deflation method. By using an electric telescopic rod to drive the piston to slide in the sliding sleeve, the volume of the chamber between the sliding sleeve and the piston can be changed, which can quickly control the inflation / deflation of the airbag. Compared with the airflow direction switching of the bidirectional air pump, this control method has a faster response and shorter operation pause time, and can adapt to higher speed rice transplanting operations.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention achieves non-destructive seedling removal and reliable clamping by setting a contactor with a variable gap and its matching adjustment components. When the contactor approaches the seedling opening from bottom to top, the adjustment components automatically enlarge the variable gap, allowing multiple seedlings to smoothly enter the fork head and avoiding damage to the stems and leaves due to the narrow opening. When the contactor moves down to the seedling opening, the gap quickly narrows, actively clamping the main stem of the seedling, overcoming the friction between the seedlings, and ensuring that it moves down synchronously with the contactor and is stably inserted into the ground. This dynamic adjustment mechanism significantly reduces the seedling removal damage rate and improves the integrity of the seedlings. (2) The present invention integrates a composite leveling structure of a base plate, wedges and a rocker plate to achieve front-side leveling and filling of pits and depressions in the rice transplanting operation. The width of the plate covers two rice transplanting operation surfaces and first flattens the undulating ground; the middle wedges push the loose soil between the rows to both sides to fill the pits and depressions in the operation surface; the front rocker plate presses down on the local protruding soil clods to prevent them from being shoveled up and piled up. The three work together to form a continuous, flat and dense rice transplanting bed surface, providing good soil conditions for the upright insertion of seedlings and the stabilization of the root system, and effectively preventing lodging after transplanting. (3) The present invention optimizes the seedling transport posture and improves the consistency of seedling picking by cooperating the layout of the converging guide plate and the baffle. The converging guide plate guides the seedlings on both sides of the inclined bottom groove to converge towards the seedling opening below the center line, avoiding seedling accumulation in the dead area at the corner. The baffle is located diagonally above the seedling opening and flexibly blocks the upper part of the seedlings through the bushing, making it tilted forward at about five degrees, ensuring that the roots enter the seedling opening first. This design allows the contactor to directly act on the lower half of the main stem of the seedling when grabbing, avoiding the outer leaves, further reducing mechanical damage and improving the stability of the number of seedlings picked each time. (4) This invention adapts to different operational needs through a variety of optional adjustment component configurations, improves system reliability and intelligence level. The passive structure of the counterweight block and the frustum section uses gravity and elasticity to achieve automatic clamping and placement, without the need for external energy, and the structure is simple and reliable. The electronic control scheme of the electromagnet and the excitation block, combined with the position sensor, accurately controls the clamping timing, ensuring that the seedlings are fully inserted into the soil before being released, eliminating the risk of pulling out the seedlings. The flexible clamping structure of the airbag can adapt to the outer contour of two to three seedlings, increase the contact area, improve the holding stability of multiple seedlings being planted simultaneously, and does not damage the seedling skin, significantly improving the applicability of the equipment and the quality of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position between the rocker arm assembly and the contactor of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the position between the rocker arm assembly and the contactor of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a split schematic diagram of the rocker arm assembly and contactor one of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of contactor one of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of contactor two of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of contactor three of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of contactor three of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Seedling hopper; 21. Frame body; 22. Lower seedling inlet; 23. Sloping bottom groove; 24. Stop bar; 3. Base; 31. Flat plate; 32. Rocker plate; 33. Wedge block; 34. Main adjusting frame; 35. Secondary adjusting frame; 4. Support wheel; 5. Rocker arm assembly; 51. Main arm; 52. Secondary arm; 53. Eccentric rod; 54. Driven wheel; 6. Power source; 7. Contactor; 71. Center rod; 711. 72. Fork head; 73. Rocker arm; 74. Spring; 75. Contact head; 76. Counterweight; 77. Conical hole; 78. Spring holder; 79. U-shaped part; 70. Deformation plate; 71. Vertical plate; 72. Protrusion; 73. Variable clearance; 74. Electromagnet; 75. Excitation block; 76. Telescopic rod; 77. Airbag; 78. Air supply component; 79. Sliding sleeve; 792. Piston; 793. T-joint assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a rice transplanter for multi-row synchronous operation. Its overall structure includes a seedling hopper 2, a base 3, a rocker arm assembly 5, and a contactor 7. The components work together to achieve orderly delivery, precise clamping, and stable planting of seedlings, thereby solving the practical problem of lodging after transplanting in existing equipment.

[0029] The seedling hopper 2 includes a frame 21, within which are arranged a plurality of parallel inclined grooves 23. Each inclined groove 23 is inclined longitudinally for vertically stacking seedlings with their roots facing downwards. The downstream end of the inclined groove 23 has a seedling outlet 22, which serves as an exit for transferring seedlings downwards from the seedling hopper 2. Its size and position are optimized to ensure that seedlings can be smoothly and continuously removed under the action of gravity and auxiliary mechanisms, avoiding jamming or stacking.

[0030] The base 3 is located directly below the seedling hopper 2, and a main adjustment frame 34 is fixedly installed on it. The height of the main adjustment frame 34 is adjustable, allowing for adaptive adjustments based on field terrain or transplanting depth requirements. A flat plate 31 is connected to the bottom of the main adjustment frame 34. The horizontal width of the flat plate 31 is greater than the horizontal distance between two adjacent transplanting surfaces. When the transplanter moves forward, the flat plate 31 contacts the ground first, initially leveling the uneven field surface and providing a relatively flat working surface for subsequent transplanting operations. Furthermore, a wedge-shaped structure—a wedge block 33—is located in the center of the bottom surface of the flat plate 31. During forward movement, the wedge block 33 pushes loose soil between the two transplanting surfaces to the left and right sides, effectively filling any local depressions in the working surface, further improving the flatness and soil compaction of the transplanting area, which is beneficial for seedling survival.

[0031] The rocker arm assembly 5 includes a main arm 51, a secondary arm 52, and an eccentric rod 53. The eccentric rod 53 is connected to an external power source 6 (such as an engine). Through the rotational motion of the eccentric rod 53 and the assistance of the secondary arm 52, the main arm 51 is driven to perform periodic reciprocating oscillations. The oscillation axis of the main arm 51 is located at its end closest to the seedling hopper 2, while its free end is positioned directly opposite the seedling inlet 22, achieving reciprocating movement in the up-down direction during the oscillation. In this movement trajectory, the free end of the main arm 51 periodically approaches and moves away from the seedling inlet 22, providing the mechanical basis for the gripping and releasing of seedlings.

[0032] The contactor 7 is installed at the free end of the main arm 51. Its core component is the middle rod 71, and the end of the middle rod 71 is provided with a fork 711. The opening of the fork 711 faces the lower seedling opening 22 and is used to grab the seedlings in the lower seedling opening 22. In particular, an adjustment component is provided at the opening of the fork 711. This adjustment component can dynamically adjust the distance between the two arms of the fork 711, thereby forming a variable gap 75.

[0033] During operation, as the contactor 7 swings upwards with the main arm 51 and approaches the seedling inlet 22, the adjusting component automatically increases the width of the variable gap 75. This allows multiple seedlings exiting the seedling inlet 22 to enter the fork head 711 without obstruction, effectively preventing the seedling stems and leaves from being scratched or broken due to an excessively narrow opening. Subsequently, when the contactor 7 reaches the seedling inlet 22 and contacts the seedling, the adjusting component rapidly decreases the width of the variable gap 75, causing the fork head 711 to apply a moderate clamping force to the seedling. This clamping force is sufficient to overcome the frictional resistance between the seedling and other seedlings in the inclined groove 23, ensuring that the seedling is reliably gripped and moves downwards synchronously with the contactor 7.

[0034] During the seedling insertion process, the contactor 7 maintains a firm grip on the seedling, thus precisely controlling the insertion depth and preventing shallow insertion or floating seedlings due to slippage. When the contactor 7 swings to its lower limit and begins its upward return stroke, the seedling roots are secured by the soil and resist the clamping force, allowing the seedling to smoothly detach from the fork 711, completing one full insertion. This design significantly improves seedling uprightness and survival rate, effectively preventing lodging after insertion.

[0035] In a further embodiment, to ensure the integrity of the device, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The seedling hopper 2 is equipped with a frame 1 at the bottom. The main adjustment frame 34 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The rocker arm assembly 5 is assembled and fixed to the frame 1. The frame 1 is equipped with a height-adjustable support wheel 4 at the position corresponding to the wedge block 33. The frame 1 is used to fix the seedling hopper 2, rocker arm assembly 5, support wheel 4 and base 3 to each other to form a complete body, ensuring that the row spacing is stable and controllable during the transplanting work. At the same time, the support wheel 4 is located downstream of the base 3 and passes through the ridge pressed by the wedge block 33. While providing stable support, the height of the base 3 can be adjusted to ensure that the transplanting working surface is flat and will not be excessively pressed down, causing the working surface to be in a deep underwater position.

[0036] In a further embodiment, to ensure that the seedlings on both sides converge towards the seedling inlet 22 in the middle, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The frame 21 has two symmetrical converging guide plates downstream of the sloping bottom groove 23. The intersection of the extended lines of the two converging guide plates is located at the center line of the seedling opening 22. The converging guide plates are designed at the downstream corner of the sloping bottom groove 23 to avoid dead zones that cause seedlings to stay there for a long time. Furthermore, the intersection of the extended lines of the converging guide plates coincides with the seedling opening 22, which can gradually guide the seedlings on both sides towards the middle. That is, the seedlings can be gradually squeezed and narrowed to form a conical profile, so that the seedlings are smoothly guided to the seedling opening 22, effectively preventing the seedlings from concentrating into the seedling opening 22 and causing blockage.

[0037] In a further embodiment, to ensure that the outer blades are not damaged during the grasping process, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The frame 21 has a stop bar 24 on the upper part of the converging guide plate. The stop bar 24 is rotatably mounted with a bushing along the axial direction. There is a horizontal gap between the stop bar 24 and the lower seedling opening 22. The stop bar 24 is set diagonally above the lower seedling opening 22. During the process of the seedling sliding downstream, the upper part of the seedling is blocked and squeezed away from the lower seedling opening 22, so that the seedling is tilted at about five degrees. This allows the roots of the seedling to enter the lower seedling opening 22 first. In this way, when the contactor 7 moves down and approaches the lower seedling opening 22, it will not insert between the main stem and outer leaves of the seedling, but will directly contact the lower part of the main stem of the seedling, ensuring that the seedling is intact after being grasped.

[0038] In a further embodiment, to ensure a smooth and even transplanting surface, refer to... Figure 3 The base 3 also includes a height-adjustable secondary adjustment frame 35. The flat plate 31 is equipped with a rocker arm 32 facing the forward direction. The bottom end of the secondary adjustment frame 35 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the flat plate 31 near the rocker arm 32. The top of the secondary adjustment frame 35 is connected to the frame 1. During the forward movement of the base 3, the upward rocker arm 32 can press down the soil that is protruding upward, instead of shoveling it above the flat plate 31. Furthermore, the secondary adjustment frame 35 and the main adjustment frame 34 are independent of each other and can adjust the tilt angle of the flat plate 31, so that the height of the rocker arm 32 can be adjusted to the top of the flat plate 31. The downstream of the rocker arm 32 is below the rocker arm 32 to deal with the more undulating ground and ensure that the leveling operation of the seedling operation surface with a higher degree of undulation is successfully completed.

[0039] In a further embodiment, the method for implementing the reciprocating swing of the main arm 51 is disclosed, referring to... Figure 6 A driven wheel 54 is installed at the end of the eccentric rod 53. The driven wheel 54 is meshed with the power source 6. The shaft of the driven wheel 54 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 via a bearing. The end of the eccentric rod 53 away from the driven wheel 54 is rotatably connected to the middle section of the main arm 51 via a bearing. The end of the driven wheel 54 away from the lower nozzle 22 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the auxiliary arm 52 via a bearing. The upper end of the auxiliary arm 52 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. A contactor 7 is installed at the end of the main arm 51 away from the auxiliary arm 52. The power source 6 uses a motor-driven shaft to provide power to all rocker arm assemblies 5. The belt drives multiple driven wheels 54 to rotate, which in turn drives the eccentric rod 53 to rotate. The eccentric rod 53 is rotatably installed in the middle section of the main arm 51. Together with the auxiliary arm 52, it limits the end of the main arm 51, so that the main arm 51, which is equipped with a contactor 7, can swing up and down significantly and back and forth slightly. When swinging upward, it swings backward away from the seedling hopper 2, and when swinging downward, it swings forward towards the seedling hopper 2. By adjusting the installation position of the seedling hopper 2 and the contactor 7, the main arm 51 can grab the seedlings and insert them downward into the flat transplanting surface created by the base 3 when it moves back and forth.

[0040] In a further embodiment, a specific configuration of an adjustment component is disclosed, referring to... Figure 7The adjustment assembly includes a rocker arm 72, a counterweight 73 slidably disposed between the rocker arm 72 and the middle rod 71, a frustum section at the connection between the middle rod 71 and the main arm 51, and a conical hole 731 at the lower part of the counterweight 73 that mates with the frustum section. The rocker arm 72 is connected to the main arm 51 via a spring plate 721. A spring holder 74 is mounted in the middle of the fork head 711, and the lower end of the spring holder 74 is a U-shaped piece 741 that fits against the inner wall of the fork head 711 and fixes the spring holder 74 to the fork head 711. The frame 74 has two vertical plates 743, with deformation plates 742 at the bottom of each vertical plate 743 connected to the fork head 711. A protrusion 744 is located on the opposite side of each vertical plate 743. The end of the swing arm 72 has a contact head 722 corresponding to the protrusion 744. A passive clamping method is used, utilizing the gravity of the counterweight 73 and the elasticity of the spring plate 721 and the spring frame 74. When the main arm 51 swings downwards towards the lower end of the opening 22, and the contactor 7 is lower than the height of the main arm 51 and the eccentric rod... At the hinge point 53, the counterweight 73 slides towards the seedling opening 22, the conical hole 731 disengages from the support of the frustum section, the spring piece 721 causes the swing rod 72 to swing downward under pressure, the contact head 722 presses against the protrusion 744 to deform the deformation piece 742, thereby bringing the two vertical pieces 743 closer together, thus clamping the main stem of the seedling until the seedling root is inserted into the ground as the contactor 7 descends. The stickiness of the soil will cause the seedling to detach from the vertical piece 743, completing the entire seedling picking and transplanting process. During the process, as the main arm 51 swings downward toward the lower nozzle 22, passes the lower stop point, and resumes its upward movement, when the height of the contactor 7 is higher than the hinge point of the main arm 51 and the eccentric rod 53, the counterweight 73 slides away from the lower nozzle 22, the conical hole 731 is re-fitted onto the frustum section, the spring 721 rebounds, causing the swing rod 72 to return to its upward position, and the contact head 722 disengages from the protrusion 744, causing the deformation plate 742 to rebound and drive the two vertical plates 743 away from each other in order to perform the next gripping.

[0041] In a further embodiment, to facilitate the detachment of the seedlings from the spring frame 74, refer to Figure 8The counterweight 73 is replaced by an electromagnet 76 and an excitation block 761. The electromagnet 76 is fixedly installed on the center rod 71 near the fork 711, and the excitation block 761 is fixedly installed on the swing arm 72 near the contact head 722. The electromagnet 76 and the excitation block 761 are arranged vertically opposite each other. An electronic control system is used in conjunction with the electromagnet 76 and the excitation block 761. The electronic control system is equipped with a position sensor, which can be a Hall sensor installed on the end face of the driven wheel 54. The position sensor indirectly detects the real-time position of the main boom 51 by detecting the angle of the driven wheel 54. When the main boom 51 descends and approaches the lower seeding opening 22, the electromagnet 76 is de-energized, and the center rod 71 maintains its original position. When the main arm 51 swings to be level with the lower edge of the seedling inlet 22, this position ensures that the seedling has entered between the two vertical plates 743. The electromagnet 76 is energized to attract the excitation block 761, causing the two vertical plates 743 to move closer together and clamp the seedling. When the main arm 51 swings to the lower stop point of the contactor 7, this position ensures that the seedling has been inserted into the soil. The electromagnet 76 is de-energized to release the excitation block 761. The spring plate 721 and the deformation plate 742 rebound to move the two vertical plates 743 away from each other and release the seedling, preventing the seedling from being pulled out of the ground again as the contactor 7 moves upward. The electrical control has strong determinism, ensuring the stability and controllability of the transplanting action and the transplanting depth.

[0042] In a further embodiment, in the scenario of multi-seedling transplanting, to improve the survival rate, two to three seedlings are transplanted simultaneously. However, the effective contact area between the cylindrical shape of the seedling and the vertical surface of the vertical plate 743 is insufficient. To accommodate the stable clamping of multiple seedlings, refer to... Figure 9 The adjustment component includes an air supply component 79, and a central rod 71 is located in the cavity that accommodates the air supply component 79. Two air bags 78 are provided on the outer side of the air supply component 79 and the central rod 71. The two air bags 78 are horizontally opposite each other and installed on the vertical side wall at the opening of the fork head 711. The inflatable and deflated air bags 78 flexibly adapt to the outer contour of multiple seedlings, which can not damage the surface of the seedlings and ensure stable clamping. At the same time, the inflation and deflation of the air bags 78 are actively controlled by an external bidirectional air pump. The anti-interference ability of clamping and releasing seedlings during transplanting is strong and the transplanting stability is good.

[0043] In a further embodiment, another method for inflating and deflating the airbag 78 is disclosed, referring to... Figure 10The air supply component 79 includes a sliding sleeve 791, which is embedded in the cavity of the central rod 71. A three-way pipe assembly 793 is connected to the end of the sliding sleeve 791 facing the air bladder 78. A piston 792 is slidably installed in the sliding sleeve 791. The three-way pipe assembly 793 connects the chamber between the sliding sleeve 791 and the piston 792 to the two air bladders 78 respectively. A telescopic rod 77 is installed at the end of the piston 792 away from the three-way pipe assembly 793. The telescopic rod 77 is installed in the cavity of the central rod 71. By using the electrically operated telescopic rod 77 to drive the piston 792 to slide in the sliding sleeve 791, the volume of the chamber between the sliding sleeve 791 and the piston 792 can be changed, which can quickly achieve the inflation and deflation control of the air bladder 78. Compared with the airflow direction switching of the bidirectional air pump, this control method has a faster response and shorter operation pause time, and can adapt to higher speed rice transplanting operations.

[0044] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transplanter for multi-row planting, characterized by comprising: include: Seedling hopper (2), the frame (21) of the seedling hopper (2) is provided with multiple parallel inclined bottom grooves (23), and the downstream of the inclined bottom grooves (23) is provided with a seedling outlet (22). The base (3) has a main adjustment frame (34) fixed below the seedling bucket (2). The height of the main adjustment frame (34) is adjustable and the bottom end is connected to a flat plate (31). A wedge (33) is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the flat plate (31). The rocker arm assembly (5) has a main arm (51) driven to swing cyclically by a secondary arm (52) and an eccentric rod (53). The main arm (51) is positioned directly opposite the lower nozzle (22), and the eccentric rod (53) is connected to an external power source (6). The contactor (7) has a fork (711) at the end of the middle rod (71), the middle rod (71) is installed at the free end of the main arm (51), and the opening of the fork (711) is provided with an adjustment component to form a variable gap (75). In the inclined bottom groove (23), seedlings with their roots facing downwards are arranged. When the contactor (7) swings from bottom to top and approaches the seedling, the adjustment component enlarges the width of the variable gap (75). When the contactor (7) contacts the seedling at the lower seedling opening (22), the adjustment component reduces the width of the variable gap (75) until the contactor (7) moves upward past the swing lower stop point.

2. The multi-row transplanter of claim 1, wherein, The seedling bucket (2) is provided with a frame (1) at the bottom. The main adjustment frame (34) is fixedly connected to the frame (1). The rocker arm assembly (5) is assembled and fixed to the frame (1). The frame (1) is provided with height-adjustable support wheels (4) at the position corresponding to the wedge block (33).

3. The multi-row transplanter of claim 2, wherein, The frame (21) has two symmetrical converging guide plates downstream of the inclined bottom groove (23), and the intersection of the surface extension lines of the two converging guide plates is located at the center line of the lower seedling opening (22).

4. The multi-row transplanter of claim 3, wherein, The frame (21) has a stop bar (24) on the upper part of the convergence guide plate. The stop bar (24) is rotatably mounted with a bushing along the axial direction. A horizontal gap is left between the stop bar (24) and the lower seedling opening (22).

5. The multi-row transplanter of claim 2, wherein, The base (3) also includes a height-adjustable secondary adjustment frame (35). The flat plate (31) is provided with a rocker (32) facing the forward direction. The bottom end of the secondary adjustment frame (35) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the flat plate (31) near the rocker (32). The top of the secondary adjustment frame (35) is connected to the frame (1).

6. The multi-row transplanter of claim 1, wherein, The eccentric rod (53) is equipped with a driven wheel (54) at its end. The driven wheel (54) is meshed with the power source (6). The shaft of the driven wheel (54) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) through a bearing. The end of the eccentric rod (53) away from the driven wheel (54) is rotatably connected to the middle section of the main arm (51) through a bearing. The end of the driven wheel (54) away from the lower seeding port (22) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the auxiliary arm (52) through a bearing. The upper end of the auxiliary arm (52) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The contactor (7) is installed at the end of the main arm (51) away from the auxiliary arm (52).

7. The multi-row transplanter of claim 6, wherein, The adjusting assembly comprises a swing rod (72), a counterweight (73) is arranged between the swing rod (72) and a middle rod (71), a conical section is arranged at the connection between the middle rod (71) and a main arm (51), a conical hole (731) is arranged at the lower part of the counterweight (73) and matches the conical section, the swing rod (72) is connected with the main arm (51) through a spring sheet (721), a spring frame (74) is arranged at the middle part of a fork head (711), the spring frame (74) is provided with two vertical sheets (743), the bottom of the vertical sheets (743) is provided with deformation sheets (742) and is connected with the fork head (711), the opposite sides of the two vertical sheets (743) are provided with protruding blocks (744), and the end of the swing rod (72) is provided with contact heads (722) corresponding to the protruding blocks (744).

8. The multi-row transplanter of claim 7, wherein, The counterweight (73) is replaced by an electromagnet (76) and an excitation block (761), the electromagnet (76) is fixedly installed on the middle rod (71) close to the fork head (711), the excitation block (761) is fixedly installed on the swing rod (72) close to the contact head (722), and the electromagnet (76) and the excitation block (761) are arranged in vertical opposition.

9. The multi-row transplanter of claim 6, wherein, The adjusting assembly comprises a gas supply part (79), the middle rod (71) is arranged in a cavity accommodating the gas supply part (79), and the gas supply part (79) is provided with two air bags (78) outside the middle rod (71); the two air bags (78) are horizontally arranged on the vertical side wall of the opening of the fork head (711).

10. The multi-row transplanter of claim 9, wherein, The gas supply part (79) comprises a sliding sleeve (791), the sliding sleeve (791) is embedded in the cavity of the middle rod (71), a three-way pipe group (793) is connected to one end of the sliding sleeve (791) facing the air bag (78), a piston (792) is slidably arranged in the sliding sleeve (791), the three-way pipe group (793) connects the cavities between the sliding sleeve (791) and the piston (792) with the two air bags (78) respectively, and an extension rod (77) is arranged at the end of the piston (792) away from the three-way pipe group (793), and the extension rod (77) is arranged in the cavity of the middle rod (71).

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