Whole-course artificial cultivation method for bamboo borer

Abstract

The invention relates to a whole-course artificial cultivation method for bamboo borers. The method comprises the steps of female and male egg recognition and screening, artificial incubation, cultivation carrier preparation, larva transplantation, larva cultivation and the like. According to the method, the male and female eggs are accurately distinguished according to the appearances of the eggs, the high-quality female eggs are screened for incubation, and the technical defects of uneven matching of the male and female eggs, low mating rate, poor survival rate and limited yield in the existing natural cultivation are solved by means of controlling the incubation temperature and humidity, optimizing the cultivation carrier and transplanting conditions, artificially regulating the adult mating environment and the like; the survival rate of the bred bamboo borer eggs reaches 90% or above, the stocking survival rate of larvae also reaches 90% or above, the yield is 20 times that of an existing natural breeding technology, operation is easy, the cost is controllable, the method is suitable for large-scale popularization, the win-win situation of ecological protection and economic benefits is achieved, the method has extremely high practical value and market prospects, bamboo cannot be damaged by breeding, and disease and pest spreading is avoided. And economic benefits are achieved on the premise of protecting the natural environment, and the concept of green development is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artificial breeding technology for bamboo borers, specifically a method for the entire artificial breeding process of bamboo borers. Background Technology

[0002] The bamboo borer is a white, parasitic organism that relies entirely on bamboo for survival in nature. It primarily feeds on young bamboo shoots and bamboo stalks, naturally gnawing on the inner walls of bamboo tubes, resulting in a delicious meal of pupae rich in protein and amino acids. Bamboo borers are divided into two main categories: large bamboo worms (belonging to the family Ceratophyllum) and small bamboo worms (belonging to the family Mothidae). Large bamboo worms are generally solitary organisms within bamboo shoots, causing significant damage and leading to widespread pest infestations in bamboo forests; therefore, artificial rearing is not recommended. Small bamboo worms, on the other hand, parasitize only the bamboo stalk; when the bamboo dies, the worm dies as well, preventing widespread transmission and causing no harm to the bamboo.

[0003] In existing technologies, the cultivation of bamboo borers mainly relies on natural processes, allowing them to pupate, emerge as moths, mate, and lay eggs in their natural environment. However, bamboo borers mate only once in their lifetime, and in the natural state, it is impossible to distinguish between male and female eggs, leading to an uneven distribution of eggs and a general overabundance of male eggs. This results in low mating rates and insufficient egg production. Furthermore, the lack of human intervention during natural hatching and growth makes larvae vulnerable to predators, resulting in low survival rates and ultimately extremely low yields that cannot meet market demand. Therefore, this paper proposes a fully artificial cultivation method for bamboo borers to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borers. This method involves full artificial intervention, enabling standardized and large-scale breeding of bamboo borers, significantly improving breeding yield and product quality. It solves the problems of difficulty in distinguishing male and female eggs, low mating rate, poor survival rate, and limited yield in existing natural breeding techniques for bamboo borers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for the complete artificial cultivation of the bamboo borer, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Egg Screening and Identification The sex of bamboo borer eggs can be identified by their appearance. Eggs with flat surfaces are male eggs, while those with convex surfaces are female eggs. Female eggs laid by mated female moths are selected for incubation. Step 2: Artificial incubation of eggs Place the female egg mass with the egg side facing up in a covered, breathable container and incubate for 5 days at a temperature of 20-26℃ and a relative humidity of 60-100% to obtain larvae. Step 3: Preparation of Aquaculture Carriers Select young bamboo shoots that are 8-10 meters tall and growing in the current year. Use a hole punch to make a hole 20 centimeters from the base of the bamboo shoot, with the hole diameter suitable for the larval passage. Step 4: Larval Transplantation Place the egg mass below the hole of the tender bamboo shoot. After hatching, the larvae will crawl into the hole of the tender bamboo shoot. Avoid areas with dense ants during placement. Step 5: Larval Rearing The larvae feed on tender bamboo shoot tissues and grow into edible larvae in 45-50 days. Step Six: Adult insects hatch into pupae. The larvae grow into adults after 60-70 days. Once fully mature, the adults stop feeding and are collected inside a section of bamboo tube. Protective molds are then made at both ends of the bamboo tube in preparation for overwintering. Step 7: Pupae and Moths Emerge Artificial temperature and humidity control can induce early pupation and moth emergence in adults. Step 8: Moths mate and lay eggs They are paired in a female-to-male ratio of 1:1 to 1:2, fed and provided with a mating environment, and egg masses are collected and repeatedly screened to achieve cyclical breeding.

[0006] Preferably, in step one, the sex identification of the eggs is assisted by observation with a 10-20x magnifying glass. During screening, damaged or dull-colored eggs are removed, and the purity of the female eggs is ≥98%.

[0007] Preferably, in step two, the covered container is a food-grade PP plastic basin with a diameter of 15-25cm. The vent holes in the basin lid are evenly distributed in a ring, with a quantity of 5-8 holes and a diameter of 1-2mm. The thickness of the egg mass when laid flat is ≤2mm.

[0008] Preferably, in step three, the diameter of the current year's tender bamboo shoots is 5-8cm, the degree of lignification is ≤30%, and a stainless steel punch is used to punch holes perpendicular to the surface of the bamboo shoot, with a hole spacing of ≥5cm between individual tender bamboo shoots.

[0009] Preferably, in step three, the hole diameter is 0.5-1cm, the hole depth is 3-5cm and extends into the hollow area of ​​the tender bamboo shoot, and the larvae are transplanted within 2-4 hours after drilling.

[0010] Preferably, the larvae are transplanted in step four 96-120 hours after hatching, with 15-20 larvae transplanted per tender bamboo shoot. A soft brush is used to assist in the transfer during transplantation to avoid direct contact with the larvae's body surface.

[0011] Preferably, during the larval rearing period in step five, the condition of the tender bamboo shoots is checked once a week, and moldy or pest-infested tender bamboo shoots are removed in a timely manner, and the temperature of the rearing environment is maintained at 22-28℃.

[0012] Preferably, the ventilation rate of the pupalization environment in step seven is 0.3-0.5 m / s, the light-shielding condition is light intensity ≤500 lux, the pupation cycle is controlled at 12-15 days, the incubation temperature needs to be controlled at 20℃-35℃, and the humidity is maintained at 60%-80%.

[0013] Preferably, in step eight, the egg masses are collected 24-48 hours after adult mating, and then temporarily stored in a 4°C refrigerated environment for ≤72 hours. The cyclical cultivation cycle is 90-120 days / generation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention accurately distinguishes male and female eggs based on their appearance, selects high-quality female eggs for incubation, and further controls incubation temperature and humidity, optimizes breeding carriers and transplantation conditions, and artificially regulates the mating environment of adult insects. 2. The survival rate of bamboo borer eggs cultivated by this invention is over 90%, and the survival rate of larvae after release is also over 90%. The yield is twenty times that of existing natural breeding techniques. Moreover, the operation is simple and the cost is controllable, making it suitable for large-scale promotion. It achieves a win-win situation for ecological protection and economic benefits, and has extremely high practical value and market prospects.

[0015] The bamboo worms raised by this invention will not damage the bamboo or cause the spread of diseases and pests. It achieves economic benefits while protecting the natural environment, which is in line with the concept of green development. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the entire artificial cultivation method for bamboo borer of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison image of male and female eggs of the bamboo borer of this invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the hatching of bamboo borer eggs according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is an image of the bamboo environment in which the bamboo borer larvae were placed, according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the bamboo borer larvae entering the bamboo tube according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is an illustration of the edible larvae of the bamboo borer, a species used in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adult bamboo borer of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cluster diagram of bamboo tube-like bamboo borers according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pupation process of the bamboo borer according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bamboo borer moth of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the egg-laying process of the bark borer moth of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-11 The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer in this embodiment includes the following steps: 1. Egg screening and identification After mating, the female bamboo borer moth lays eggs. After collecting the egg masses, the appearance of the eggs is observed with the naked eye and a magnifying glass: eggs with a smooth surface are male eggs, and eggs with a convex surface are female eggs. Figure 1 As shown, all female eggs are selected for subsequent hatching, while male eggs are discarded to ensure that all hatched larvae are potential females, laying the foundation for efficient mating of adults. Egg masses laid by mated female moths are preferred, as their survival rate can reach over 90%. 2. Artificial incubation of eggs Collect the selected female egg masses and lay them flat in a covered container, preferably a breathable plastic basin, ensuring the egg surface is upward and avoiding compression. After covering the container, place it in a constant temperature and humidity environment for incubation, controlling the incubation temperature at 20-26℃ and the relative humidity at 60-100%, for a period of 5 days. The container lid has ventilation holes to ensure air circulation during incubation and prevent the egg masses from rotting due to lack of oxygen. Figure 2 The image shows the larvae after hatching. 3. Preparation of breeding carriers Select 8-10 meter tall, current-year bamboo shoots as the cultivation medium. Older bamboo, due to its high degree of lignification and insufficient nutrition, is unsuitable. Before transplanting the larvae, use a hole punch to make vertical holes 20 cm from the base of the shoot. The holes should be 0.5-1 cm in diameter and deep enough to reach the hollow area inside the shoot. Make 1-2 holes per shoot to facilitate the larvae's entry into the shoot to feed and grow, thus improving the larval survival rate. Figure 3 The image shows the environment of the aquaculture carrier. 4. Larval transplantation Five days after hatching, the larvae, along with a small amount of remaining egg tissue, are removed from the container and transplanted into the holes drilled in the tender bamboo shoot prepared in step 3. The transplantation process should be performed gently to avoid damaging the larvae; simultaneously, the transplantation area should be away from areas with high ant activity to prevent ant attacks on the larvae and reduce mortality. Figure 4 The image shows the state of the larvae inside the bamboo tube. 5. Larval Rearing After transplantation, the larvae naturally feed on the tender tissues of the bamboo shoots, requiring no additional feeding. After about 45 days of growth, they develop into plump, edible mature larvae. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown. At this point, the larvae can be harvested, or some larvae can be retained to continue developing into adults for cyclical breeding.

[0019] Adult worm hatches into pupa After 60-70 days, the larvae develop into adults. The remaining mature larvae, once fully grown, will cluster on the inner wall of the bamboo tube to prepare for winter. Figure 7 As shown.

[0020] Pupae By artificially controlling the breeding environment: maintaining a temperature of 20-25℃ and a relative humidity of 60-80%, and ensuring good ventilation and avoiding direct sunlight, the adults are encouraged to pupate and emerge as moths earlier. After emergence, if... Figure 7 The image shows a moth that has undergone metamorphosis.

[0021] Moths mate and lay eggs Moths were grouped in a female-to-male ratio of 1:1 to 1:2 and placed in a breeding shed. A 10-15% sucrose solution was provided as food, and a quiet environment suitable for mating was created to promote efficient mating and egg laying by the adults. Egg masses laid by the mating females were collected, and the screening process in step 1 was repeated to achieve cyclical breeding of the bamboo borer.

[0022] Example 1 Egg selection and identification: Egg masses produced by mated female bamboo borer moths were collected and observed with a magnifying glass. Female eggs with raised surfaces were selected, while male eggs with flat surfaces were removed. A total of 1,000 female eggs were obtained.

[0023] Artificial incubation: The selected female eggs were laid flat in a 20cm diameter breathable plastic basin with the egg surface facing up. The basin lid had 6 1.5mm diameter vent holes. The plastic basin was placed in a constant temperature and humidity incubator with a temperature of 23℃ and a relative humidity of 80%. After 5 days of incubation, a total of 912 larvae were obtained, with an egg survival rate of 91.2%.

[0024] Preparation of cultivation carrier: Select 50 young bamboo shoots that are 9 meters tall and grown in the current year. Use a hole punch with a hole diameter of 0.8 cm to make a hole 20 cm from the base of each bamboo shoot, with a hole depth of 4 cm.

[0025] Larval transplantation: Transplant 18-19 hatched larvae per plant to the holes drilled in the tender bamboo shoots. The transplantation area should be far away from the ant nest, and the larvae should not be damaged during the transplantation process.

[0026] Larval rearing: The larvae grow naturally inside the tender bamboo shoots for 45 days without any natural enemies. A total of 4,098 mature larvae were harvested, with a survival rate of 90.1%.

[0027] Adult breeding and oviposition: 500 mature larvae were retained to develop into adults and placed in a breeding shed. The temperature was controlled at 22℃ and the relative humidity at 70%. The shed was well-ventilated and protected from light. The moths were matched with females at a ratio of 1:1.5 and fed with a 12% sucrose solution. The mating rate of the adults reached 95%. 120 egg masses were collected from the female moths. The egg masses were of excellent quality and could be reused for screening and hatching.

[0028] Example 2 Egg screening and identification: 1500 female eggs laid by mated female moths were screened.

[0029] Artificial incubation: Breathable plastic basins were used for incubation at a temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 90%. After 5 days of incubation, 1365 larvae were obtained, with an egg survival rate of 91.0%.

[0030] Preparation of cultivation carrier: Select 70 young bamboo shoots that are 8 meters tall and growing in the current year. Use a 1.0 cm diameter hole punch to make two holes 20 cm from the base of the bamboo shoot, with a hole depth of 3 cm.

[0031] Larvae transplantation: Transplant 19-20 larvae to each tender bamboo shoot, avoiding areas where ants are active.

[0032] Larval rearing: 6,072 mature larvae were harvested after 45 days, with a survival rate of 90.3% after release.

[0033] Adult rearing and oviposition: 800 larvae were retained to develop into adults, with a temperature of 23℃, humidity of 75%, a female-to-male ratio of 1:1, and a 15% sucrose aqueous solution provided. The mating rate was 93%, and 180 egg masses were collected to meet the needs of cyclical rearing. The above embodiments demonstrate that the whole-process artificial breeding method for bamboo borers of the present invention can stably achieve high survival rate and high yield breeding results. It is simple to operate, highly repeatable, and suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0034] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for the full artificial cultivation of Cossus cossus, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step one, screening and identification of eggs The male and female attributes of bamboo borer eggs are identified by appearance, with smooth egg surface being male eggs and convex egg surface being female eggs, and the female eggs laid by mated female moths are screened for hatching; Step two, artificial hatching of eggs Place the female egg mass with the egg surface upwards in a breathable container with a cover, and incubate in an environment with a temperature of 20-26℃ and a relative humidity of 60-100% for 5 days to obtain larvae; Step three, preparation of breeding carrier Select 8-10 meter high tender bamboo shoots of the current year, and punch holes at 20 centimeters from the shoot foot with a hole diameter suitable for larval passage; Step four, larval transplantation Place the egg mass under the hollow of the tender bamboo shoot, and after hatching, the larvae crawl into the hole of the tender bamboo shoot, avoiding areas with high ant density during placement; Step five, larval breeding The larvae feed on tender bamboo tissue for 45-50 days to grow into edible larvae; Step six, adult hatching into pupae The larvae grow into adults after 60-70 days, and the adults stop feeding after complete maturation. Collect the adults into a section of bamboo cylinder wall, and prepare a protective module at both ends of the bamboo cylinder for wintering; Step seven, pupation and moth emergence Artificially control temperature and humidity to promote early pupation and moth emergence; Step eight, mating and egg laying Match the male and female moths at a ratio of 1:1-1:2, provide food and create a mating environment, collect the egg mass, and repeat the screening to realize cyclic cultivation.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by the steps of: In step one, the male and female identification of eggs is assisted by 10-20 times magnifying glass, and damaged and dull colored egg grains are removed during screening, and the purity of female eggs is ≥98%.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by the steps of: In step two, the container with a cover is a food-grade PP plastic pot with a diameter of 15-25 cm, the pot cover has evenly distributed annular breathable holes with a number of 5-8 and a hole diameter of 1-2 mm, and the egg mass is flatly laid with a thickness of ≤2 mm.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by the steps of: In step three, the diameter of the tender bamboo shoot of the current year is 5-8 cm, and the degree of lignification is ≤30%, stainless steel puncher is used for punching, the hole is punched vertically to the surface of the shoot, and the punching interval of each tender bamboo shoot is ≥5 cm.

5. The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the hole diameter is 0.5-1 cm, the hole depth is 3-5 cm and penetrates to the hollow area of the tender bamboo shoot, and the larval transplantation is completed within 2-4 hours after punching.

6. The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step four, the larval transplantation time is 96-120 hours after hatching, 15-20 larvae are transplanted to each tender bamboo shoot, and a soft hair brush is used to assist in transferring to avoid direct contact with the larval body surface.

7. The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step five, the tender bamboo shoot state is checked once a week during larval breeding, and the moldy and insect-infested tender bamboo shoots are removed in time, and the breeding environment temperature is maintained at 22-28℃.

8. The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step seven, the ventilation rate of the pupation and moth emergence environment is 0.3-0.5 m / s, the light avoidance condition is that the light intensity is ≤500 lux, the pupation period is controlled within 12-15 days, the hatching temperature needs to be controlled within 20℃-35℃, and the humidity needs to be maintained at 60%-80%.

9. The method for the complete artificial cultivation of bamboo borer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step eight, the egg mass collection time is 24-48 hours after the adult moths mate, and the collected egg mass is temporarily stored in a 4℃ cold storage environment for ≤72 hours, and the cyclic cultivation period is 90-120 days per generation.

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