Crocodile functional compound feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a crocodile functional compound feed and a preparation method thereof, and the crocodile functional compound feed comprises the following raw materials: a compound animal protein source, a compound vegetable protein and energy source, a core functional additive, a compound grease source, a compound premix and a phosphorus calcium source, the functional additive comprises astragalus membranaceus, isatis root, radix bupleuri, liquorice, oriental wormwood, cowherb seed, astaxanthin, nano-selenium and zinc methionine, the compound premix comprises vitamin and mineral components, and the bait coefficient of the compound feed is lower than 1.5. According to the feed, chilled fresh fish can be replaced with the efficient replacement ratio of 1: 5, the breakthrough breeding effects that the survival rate of crocodiles is increased by 30%, the growth rate is increased by 20%, the laying rate is increased by 40%, and the bait coefficient is reduced to 1.3 or below are achieved, and the economic benefits are extremely remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquatic animal feed technology, specifically to a functional compound feed for crocodiles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, crocodile farming heavily relies on raw feeds such as frozen fish and animal by-products, which suffers from inherent drawbacks including uneven nutrition, high disease risk, severe water pollution, inconvenient storage, and high feed conversion ratios. Although some formulated feeds have been developed, their effects are mostly limited to meeting basic growth needs. There is a significant gap in systematically improving crocodile disease resistance, reproductive efficiency, and overall economic benefits. Developing a specialized feed that can completely replace traditional feeds and bring breakthrough farming benefits has become an urgent need for the industry's development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a functional compound feed for crocodiles and its preparation method, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. This feed can efficiently replace traditional feeds such as frozen fish at a weight ratio of 1:5, and simultaneously achieve excellent comprehensive effects such as increasing the survival rate of crocodiles by more than 30%, increasing the growth rate by more than 20%, increasing the egg production rate by more than 40%, and reducing the feed conversion ratio to 1.3.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objectives is a functional compound feed for crocodiles, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: The compound animal protein source contains 600-800 parts, the compound plant protein and energy source contains 300-400 parts, the functional additives contain 40-60 parts, the compound oil source contains 40-60 parts, the compound premix contains 25-35 parts, and the phosphorus and calcium source contains 10-15 parts. The compound premix contains vitamins and minerals, and the feed conversion ratio of the compound feed is less than 1.5.

[0005] Preferably, the composite animal protein source comprises fish meal, chicken meal, meat and bone meal, and brewer's yeast powder.

[0006] Preferably, the composite plant protein and energy source includes puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal, α-starch, and flaxseed meal; The composite oil source is phospholipid oil powder; The phosphorus and calcium source is calcium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0007] Preferably, the functional additives include traditional Chinese medicine immune-enhancing components and antioxidant and quality-improving components; The herbal immune-enhancing components include Astragalus membranaceus, Isatis indigotica, Bupleurum chinense, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Artemisia capillaris. The antioxidant and quality-enhancing components include astaxanthin, nano-selenium, and zinc methionine.

[0008] Preferably, the functional additive further comprises Vaccaria segetalis.

[0009] Preferably, it is made from raw materials in the following weight ratios: Fish meal 280 parts, premium American chicken meal 200 parts, meat and bone meal 120 parts, brewer's yeast powder 50 parts, puffed soybeans 50 parts, fermented soybean meal 30 parts, α-starch 110 parts, functional additives 50 parts, choline chloride 10 parts, flaxseed meal 50 parts, multivitamins 10 parts, multiminerals 7 parts, phospholipid oil powder 50 parts, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate 12 parts. The choline chloride, multivitamins, and multiminerals constitute the composite premix.

[0010] A method for preparing a functional compound feed for crocodiles includes the following steps: S1: Feeding and mixing: Accurately weigh all solid raw materials according to the formula ratio and feed them into the mixer in sequence; S2: Mixing: Close the mixer door and mix for 8-10 minutes to ensure uniform mixing of materials, with a uniformity variation coefficient CV ≤ 5%; S3: Conditioning: Feed the evenly mixed dry materials into the conditioner, introduce steam at 0.3-0.5MPa, and condition for 3-4 minutes to fully gelatinize the starch; S4: Pelletizing: The conditioned material is fed into a ring die pellet mill and pressed into pellet feed. S5: Cooling and Packaging: The produced hot granules are cooled by a cooler to a temperature difference of ≤5℃ from the environment, then screened by a vibrating screen and packaged for storage.

[0011] Preferably, the mixer in step S1 is a large twin-shaft paddle mixer.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, the temperature is adjusted at 85-90°C for 3-4 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the pellet feed in step S4 is 6 mm or 8 mm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Through precise blending of various animal protein sources such as fishmeal and American chicken meal, an optimal amino acid balance pattern is formed, greatly improving the biological value of proteins. Combined with growth-promoting factors such as nucleic acids and small peptides provided by brewer's yeast powder and fermented soybean meal, feed conversion efficiency experiences a qualitative leap. Practical data shows that the weight gain from feeding 1 jin (500g) of this feed is equivalent to that from feeding 5 jin (2.5kg) of frozen fish or animal by-products, reducing the feed conversion ratio to 1.3, far below the industry average of 2.0.

[0015] 2. The functional additives contain Astragalus membranaceus, Isatis indigotica, Bupleurum chinense, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and Artemisia capillaris, which constitute a compound Chinese herbal immune enhancer. This formula enhances the non-specific immunity of crocodiles in all aspects through the synergistic effect of multiple bioactive components such as Astragalus polysaccharide, Bupleurum saponin, and glycyrrhizic acid, effectively resisting a variety of common pathogens and significantly increasing the survival rate of the breeding cycle by 30%.

[0016] 3. The optimized protein-energy ratio, the selection of highly digestible raw materials, and the spleen-strengthening and appetite-stimulating effects of the traditional Chinese medicine group jointly promote the metabolism and assimilation of crocodiles, accelerating their growth rate by 20%.

[0017] 4. The addition of Vaccaria segetalis to the feed, as a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting menstruation, lactation, and blood circulation, works synergistically with other nutrients in this formula to significantly improve the reproductive system function and follicle development of female crocodiles during the breeding season, resulting in a 40% increase in egg production.

[0018] 5. Astaxanthin, nano-selenium, and zinc methionine form an "antioxidant-quality enhancement" triangle. Astaxanthin powerfully scavenge free radicals and protects skin structure; nano-selenium and zinc methionine, as highly bioactive trace elements, directly participate in the synthesis and cross-linking of skin collagen, thereby significantly improving the density, smoothness, and tensile strength of finished leather.

[0019] 6. This formula significantly reduces reliance on chilled fish, cuts off the transmission route of exogenous pathogens at the source, and combines the health benefits of traditional Chinese medicine to achieve truly healthy, antibiotic-free aquaculture. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. Example

[0021] A high-efficiency functional compound feed for crocodiles This embodiment provides a specific functional compound feed for crocodiles, the raw material composition and formulation of which are as follows: The compound animal protein source includes: 280 parts fish meal, 200 parts premium American chicken meal, 120 parts meat and bone meal, and 50 parts brewer's yeast powder, totaling 650 parts. The compound plant protein and energy source includes 50 parts of puffed soybeans, 30 parts of fermented soybean meal, 110 parts of α-starch, and 50 parts of flaxseed meal, totaling 240 parts. Functional additives: 50 portions of functional additive compound package; Compound premix: 10 parts choline chloride, 10 parts multivitamins, 7 parts minerals, total 27 parts; Oils and phosphorus / calcium sources: 50 parts phospholipid oil powder, 12 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, totaling 62 parts. A total of 1030 copies; The 50 kg functional additive compound package consists of: Astragalus membranaceus ultrafine powder: 15 parts, Isatis indigotica ultrafine powder: 10 parts, Bupleurum chinense extract: 5 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis ultrafine powder: 5 parts, Artemisia capillaris extract: 3 parts, Vaccaria selenium ultrafine powder: 5 parts, Astaxanthin (1% content): 3 parts, Nano selenium (red nano elemental selenium): 2 parts, Zinc methionine (Zn 15%): 2 parts; Preparation method: 1. Feeding and mixing: Accurately weigh all solid raw materials according to the formula ratio and feed them into the large twin-shaft paddle mixer in sequence.

[0022] 2. Mixing: Close the mixer door and mix for 8-10 minutes to ensure that the materials are mixed evenly (coefficient of variation of uniformity CV≤5%).

[0023] 3. Conditioning: Feed the uniformly mixed dry material into a conditioner, introduce steam at 0.3-0.5 MPa, and condition at 85-90℃ for 3-4 minutes to fully gelatinize the starch, thereby improving digestibility and granulation performance.

[0024] 4. Pelletizing: The conditioned material is fed into a ring die pellet mill and pressed into pellets with a diameter of 6mm or 8mm.

[0025] 5. Cooling and Packaging: The produced hot granules are cooled to room temperature (temperature difference from the environment ≤5℃) by a cooler, then screened by a vibrating screen and packaged for storage.

[0026] To verify the effectiveness of the invention, a comparative experiment was conducted at a certain breeding farm for 12 months.

[0027] Experimental group: using the feed formula of this embodiment.

[0028] Control group: fed primarily with traditional frozen fish.

[0029] result: Feed conversion ratio: 1.28 for the experimental group and 5.1 for the control group (fresh fish).

[0030] Survival rate: 96.5% in the experimental group and 66.2% in the control group, a relative increase of 30.3%.

[0031] Growth rate: The average daily weight gain of the experimental group was 23.7% higher than that of the control group.

[0032] Egg production rate: During the breeding season, the egg production rate of the experimental group was 41.5% higher than that of the control group. Example

[0033] This embodiment provides a specific functional compound feed for crocodiles, the raw material composition and formulation of which are as follows: The compound animal protein source includes: 280 parts fish meal, 180 parts premium American chicken meal, 100 parts meat and bone meal, and 40 parts brewer's yeast powder, totaling 600 parts. The compound plant protein and energy source includes 60 parts of puffed soybeans, 40 parts of fermented soybean meal, 130 parts of α-starch, and 70 parts of flaxseed meal, totaling 300 parts. Functional additives: 40 portions of functional additive compound package; Compound premix: 10 parts choline chloride, 10 parts multivitamins, 5 parts minerals, total 25 parts; Oils and phosphorus / calcium sources: 30 parts phospholipid oil powder, 10 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, totaling 40 parts. The 40 functional additive compound packages consist of: Astragalus membranaceus ultrafine powder: 10 parts, Isatis indigotica ultrafine powder: 10 parts, Bupleurum chinense extract: 3 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis ultrafine powder: 4 parts, Artemisia capillaris extract: 3 parts, Vaccaria selenium ultrafine powder: 3 parts, Astaxanthin (1% content): 3 parts, Nano selenium (red nano elemental selenium): 2 parts, Zinc methionine (Zn 15%): 2 parts.

[0034] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1. Example

[0035] This embodiment provides a specific functional compound feed for crocodiles, the raw material composition and formulation of which are as follows: The compound animal protein source includes: 410 parts fish meal, 230 parts premium American chicken meal, 120 parts meat and bone meal, and 40 parts brewer's yeast powder, totaling 800 parts. The compound plant protein and energy source includes 80 parts of puffed soybeans, 60 parts of fermented soybean meal, 150 parts of α-starch, and 110 parts of flaxseed meal, totaling 400 parts. Functional additives: 60 portions of functional additive compound package; Compound premix: 13 parts choline chloride, 13 parts multivitamins, 9 parts minerals, total 35 parts; Oils and phosphorus / calcium sources: 45 parts phospholipid oil powder, 15 parts calcium dihydrogen phosphate, totaling 60 parts. The 60 functional additive compound package consists of: Astragalus membranaceus ultrafine powder: 12 parts, Isatis indigotica ultrafine powder: 12 parts, Bupleurum chinense extract: 4 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis ultrafine powder: 6 parts, Artemisia capillaris extract: 6 parts, Vaccaria selenium ultrafine powder: 6 parts, Astaxanthin (1% content): 6 parts, Nano selenium (red nano elemental selenium): 4 parts, Zinc methionine (Zn 15%): 4 parts.

[0036] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0037] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functional compound feed for crocodiles, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following components by weight: 600-800 parts of a composite animal protein source, 300-400 parts of a composite plant protein and energy source, 40-60 parts of a functional additive, 40-60 parts of a composite oil and fat source, 25-35 parts of a composite premix, and 10-15 parts of a phosphorus and calcium source; The composite premix contains vitamin and mineral components, and the bait coefficient of the compound feed is less than 1.

5.

2. The functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite animal protein source includes fish meal, chicken meal, meat and bone meal, and beer yeast meal.

3. The functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The composite plant protein and energy source includes puffed soybeans, fermented soybean meal, and alpha starch. The composite oil and fat source is phospholipid oil powder. The phosphorus and calcium source is calcium dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional additive includes a traditional Chinese medicine immune-enhancing component and an antioxidant and quality-improving component. The traditional Chinese medicine immune-enhancing component includes radix astragali, isatis root, radix bupleuri, radix glycyrrhizae, and herba scutellariae. The antioxidant and quality-improving component includes astaxanthin, nano-selenium, and zinc methionine.

5. The functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The functional additive also contains stachys annua.

6. The functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials are prepared in the following proportions by weight: 280 parts of fish meal, 200 parts of top-grade American chicken meal, 120 parts of meat and bone meal, 50 parts of beer yeast meal, 50 parts of puffed soybeans, 30 parts of fermented soybean meal, 110 parts of alpha starch, 50 parts of a functional additive, 10 parts of choline chloride, 50 parts of flaxseed meal, 10 parts of multivitamins, 7 parts of multiminerals, 50 parts of phospholipid oil powder, and 12 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate; The choline chloride, multivitamins, and multiminerals constitute the composite premix.

7. A method for preparing a functional formula feed for crocodiles, based on a functional formula feed for crocodiles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: feeding and mixing: accurately weigh all solid raw materials according to the formula ratio, and sequentially feed them into a mixer; S2: mixing: close the mixer hatch, mix for 8-10 minutes, and ensure uniform mixing of the materials, with a uniformity variation coefficient CV≤5%; S3: conditioning: send the uniformly mixed dry materials into a conditioner, pass in 0.3-0.5 MPa steam, and condition for 3-4 minutes to fully gelatinize the starch; S4: granulation: send the conditioned materials into a ring die granulator to press into pellet feed; S5: cooling and packaging: cool the hot pellets to a temperature difference of ≤5°C from the ambient temperature using a cooler, screen them using a vibrating screen, and then pack and store them.

8. The method for preparing a functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixer in step S1 is a large-scale double-shaft paddle mixer.

9. The method for preparing a functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the conditioning is performed at 85-90°C for 3-4 minutes.

10. The method for preparing a functional compound feed for crocodiles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameter of the pellet feed in step S4 is 6 mm or 8 mm.