Hole-opening shaft well type hanging tool and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a trepanning shaft well type hanging tool and an assembling method thereof, and belongs to the field of heat treatment process technologies and tools. The tool comprises a hanging part (a hanging ring and a hanging seat), a connecting part (a double-layer hanging rod, a transverse pin and a plug pin) and a shaft hanging frame (a radial plate seat, a hanging frame plate and a pin). The upper portion of the double-layer hanging rod is connected with the hanging seat through a transverse pin, the lower portion of the double-layer hanging rod is connected with the wheel disk seat through a plug pin, and hanging frame plates on the two sides of the wheel disk seat are fixed to the perforated shaft through pins. The assembling method comprises the steps of tool manufacturing, assembling, shaft part installing and tool placing. According to the scheme, shaft workpiece hanging can be achieved without welding, the welding crack risk is avoided, and the method is suitable for shaft parts poor in weldability and capable of being welded; the shaft workpiece is suspended, and heat treatment distortion is reduced; the tool is stable in structure, easy and convenient to operate, labor-saving, capable of improving production efficiency and workpiece quality and suitable for shaft part heat treatment hanging scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat treatment technology for shaft parts, specifically to a perforated shaft well-type hanging fixture and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] In the heat treatment process of shaft parts, the traditional lifting method requires the use of a welded lifting fixture to suspend the workpiece. This fixture is usually made by manually bending round steel into a V-shape, and then welding its two ends to the shaft end to form a lifting fulcrum. This process has significant limitations in practical applications, especially for shaft parts with poor or no weldability. The defects are even more prominent during welding: during the welding process, the welded part of the shaft is prone to stress concentration due to material characteristics (such as high carbon content, the influence of alloying elements, etc.), which can lead to cracks. If the shaft itself has microscopic defects, the welding heat input can cause the cracks to expand further, not only directly destroying the stability of the welded connection, but also causing the entire shaft to crack in severe cases, leading to a major quality accident. Even for shaft parts with good weldability, the assembly of the welding lifting fixture still relies on manual operation, making it difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the welding position, which can easily cause the center of gravity to shift when the workpiece is suspended. Moreover, the welding lifting fixture forms a rigid connection with the shaft. When the workpiece expands or contracts due to heat during heat treatment, the fixture will exert constraint stress on the shaft, exacerbating shaft distortion and affecting the final dimensional accuracy of the part. In addition, welding lifting tools are mostly for single use. After each heat treatment, the lifting tool needs to be removed from the shaft, which not only wastes materials but also increases the subsequent cleaning process, reduces production efficiency, and may also damage the surface of the shaft during the removal process, affecting the surface quality of the parts.

[0003] For the reasons mentioned above, it is necessary to propose a perforated shaft well-type hanging fixture and its assembly method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a perforated shaft well type hanging fixture and its assembly method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A perforated shaft well type hanging fixture includes a suspension part and a connecting part. The suspension part is used to connect with a crane and hang outside the furnace. One end of the connecting part is connected to the suspension part, and the other end is connected to the shaft workpiece. The lower end of the connecting part includes a double-layer suspension rod and a shaft bracket. The double-layer suspension rod and the shaft bracket or the shaft bracket and the shaft workpiece are connected by a pin structure to form a hinged connection that can be quickly locked. When the pin structure is in the insertion state, it can be inserted into the pin hole from one side of the hanging fixture. When the pin structure changes to the limiting state, it restricts the axial displacement of the pin structure relative to the pin hole. The state locking of the pin structure is completed by operating the pin structure on the same side of insertion.

[0006] The two parts are connected by a first hinge and a second hinge; the hinge pin of either the first or second hinge is provided with a pin structure. Furthermore, the pin structure includes a first bearing insert and a second bearing insert. The first bearing insert includes hinged ears arranged opposite each other on both sides, and a receiving space is provided between the two hinged ears for the hinged head of the second bearing insert to be inserted. The two hinged ears are provided with ear seat pin holes that overlap in position, and the hinged head is provided with a hinge pin hole. When the ear seat pin hole and the hinge pin hole overlap, a through pin hole is formed for the pin structure to be inserted.

[0007] Furthermore, when the hinge pin hole and the ear seat pin hole are misaligned, the pin structure deforms accordingly to form an axial limit. The pin structure includes a fixed pin portion that is inserted into the ear seat pin hole, and a rotating pin portion that is rotatably connected to the fixed pin portions on both sides. The fixed pin portion is short cylindrical, and a rotating support hole is provided through it. The rotating support hole is offset from the center. The rotating pin portion includes a rotating column and an eccentric shaft. The side plane of the rotating column is offset from the axis, and the two eccentric shafts are rotatably connected at the rotating support hole. The fixed pin portion and the rotating column have the same diameter and are matched with the diameter of the pin hole portion. In the inserted state, the rotating column and the fixed pin portion are coaxially arranged. In the limited state, the rotating column and the fixed pin portion are misaligned, causing the axes to deviate from each other.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing pin includes a first fixing pin that engages with the first side hinge ear and a second fixing pin that engages with the second side hinge ear. The first fixing pin has a pin groove that is recessed inward along the axial direction on its circumferential side wall, and the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole of the first side hinge ear has a pin key that engages with the pin groove. The second fixing pin has a convex key that is protruded in the axial direction on its circumferential side wall, and the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole of the second hinge ear has a keyway.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a locking structure for adjusting the locking state of the adjusting pin structure. The locking structure includes a spindle, a locking tongue, a locking tongue groove, and a locking cavity. The spindle is axially movable within an eccentric shaft and has a driving end exposed at one end of the rotating pin. Locking tongue grooves and locking cavities are respectively provided on adjacent fixed pins and adjacent sides of the rotating column. A locking tongue is provided in the locking tongue groove. The locking tongue is connected to the spindle. The spindle moves axially to drive the locking tongue into the locking cavity, thereby circumferentially locking the fixed pin and the rotating column.

[0010] Furthermore, the end of the second fixing pin is provided with a pin cap, and the pin cap is provided with an arc-shaped groove. When the pin structure is turned into the locked state, the driving end is locked into the arc-shaped groove for a limit position.

[0011] Furthermore, the suspension part includes a lifting ring, a lifting seat, and a lifting rod body. The lifting seat is connected to the trolley via a lifting ring located above it and is hung outside the furnace. The top of the lifting rod body is connected to the lifting seat via a horizontal pin inserted through an opening, and the lower part is placed inside the furnace. The lower end of the lifting rod body is provided with a double-layer lifting rod and a shaft bracket. The shaft bracket includes a spoke base and a bracket plate. The upper part of the spoke base is semi-circular, with holes inside that match the bottom of the double-layer lifting rod. Bracket plates (spoke plates 6) are welded to both sides of the spoke base. The bracket plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the shaft workpiece is fixed between the two bracket plates by a pin structure. When loading the furnace, the lifting rod body passes through the furnace cover hole and is placed outside the furnace together with the lifting seat to prevent the strength of the double-layer lifting rod and the horizontal pin from decreasing under the influence of the high temperature inside the furnace. The connecting part connected to the lower part of the lifting rod body and the shaft workpiece are placed inside the furnace, so that the shaft workpiece can be heat treated.

[0012] The assembly method of the above-mentioned perforated shaft type hanging fixture includes the following steps: Step 1, making the fixture: Step 1.1: Fabricate the hanging base. The hanging base is cast from ZG25 material and then normalized. The normalizing process is: 930℃×3.5H, air cooling. Fabricate the horizontal pin. The horizontal pin is rolled from 20 steel or A3 steel. Step 1.2: Fabricate the double-layer hanger rod. The double-layer hanger rod is forged from 20 steel and then normalized. The normalizing process is: 930℃×3.5H, air cooling. After that, two flat surfaces are machined on the top of the double-layer hanger rod and horizontal pin holes are made. A U-shaped groove is machined on the bottom of the rod and two pin holes are bored. Step 1.3: Fabricate the spoke base. The spoke base is made of 20 steel plate, processed with a flame cutting machine, deburred, and welded together. Step 1.4: Fabricate the pin structure; Step 2, Assemble the fixture: Align the top of the double-layer rod with the bottom of the hanger and connect them using a horizontal pin; Step 3, Install the perforated shaft workpiece: Insert the top of the spoke seat into the U-shaped groove at the bottom of the double-layer hanger, aligning the center line of the hole on the spoke seat with the center line of the hole on the U-shaped groove. Then, insert the pin structure, allowing the pin structure to pass through both the spoke hole and the two holes on the U-shaped groove simultaneously. Insert the hinge pin hole of the shaft workpiece between the two side hanger plates of the shaft bracket, ensuring that the ear pin hole and the hinge pin hole are aligned and correspondingly inserted into the pin structure. During the lifting process, slowly raise the hanging fixture, causing the rotating column of the pin structure to misalign with the fixed pin, thus creating an axial limit. Step 4: Place the shaft workpiece; put the double-layer hanger and the shaft hanger and shaft workpiece it hangs into the furnace, and adjust its height so that the horizontal pin hole at the top of the double-layer hanger is outside the heat treatment furnace, and then fix the hanger to complete the assembly.

[0013] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Reduce heat treatment distortion and ensure accuracy: The tooling uses a shaft hanger and a pin structure to make the shaft workpiece vertically suspended, reducing the contact area between the workpiece and the supporting structure and avoiding stress caused by contact constraints during heat treatment; at the same time, the suspended state ensures that the workpiece is heated evenly, effectively reducing thermal deformation and ensuring the final dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerance of shaft parts.

[0014] 2. Stable structure and high safety: The tooling adopts a three-level load-bearing system of "suspension part - connection part - shaft bracket". The suspension part (lifting ring, lifting seat) is located outside the furnace to avoid the impact of high temperature on the key connection strength; the connection part (double-layer lifting rod) is reliably connected to the lifting seat through a horizontal pin. The shaft bracket is locked to the double-layer lifting rod and the shaft workpiece through a pin structure. The pin structure has rotation misalignment limit and multi-level locking functions, which can effectively limit circumferential movement and eliminate the risk of poor workpiece fixation or falling.

[0015] 3. Simple operation and improved efficiency: The tooling components adopt a modular design, and the assembly process does not require complex equipment. Assembly and workpiece fixation can be completed simply by inserting, pulling and rotating components such as horizontal pins, inserts, and pin shafts. When loading the furnace, the double-layer hanging rods pass through the furnace cover holes to separate the external suspension and internal load-bearing. The process is clear and the operation is convenient, reducing manual input, shortening the tooling assembly and workpiece turnaround time, and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanging fixture for suspending the workpiece in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hanging fixture according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanging bracket in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boom body in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 These are longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagrams of two states in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is an exploded perspective view of the longitudinal section of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Suspension part; 2. Connecting part; 3. Double-layer hanger; 4. Shaft bracket; 5. Shaft workpiece; 6. Pin structure; 7. First bearing insert; 8. Second bearing insert; 9. Hinge ear; 10. Hinge joint; 11. Ear seat pin hole; 12. Hinge head pin hole; 13. Fixed pin; 14. Rotating pin; 15. Rotary support hole; 16. Rotating column; 17. Eccentric shaft; 18. First fixed pin; 19. Second fixing pin; 20. Pin groove; 21. Pin key; 22. Raised key; 23. Keyway; 24. Locking structure; 25. Spindle; 26. Lock tongue; 27. Lock tongue groove; 28. Locking cavity; 29. ​​Drive end; 30. Pin cap; 31. Arc-shaped slot; 40. Lifting ring; 41. Lifting seat; 42. Lifting rod body; 43. Spoke seat; 44. Hanging plate; 45. Cross pin; 46. Two planes. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to examples. These examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: This embodiment provides a lifting fixture for a perforated shaft workpiece, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the assembly includes a lifting ring 40, a lifting base 41, a double-layer lifting rod 3 connected to the lower part of the lifting base 41 via a lifting rod body 42, and a shaft hanger 4 located at the lower part of the double-layer lifting rod 3. The lifting base 41 is hung outside the furnace, and the lower part of the double-layer lifting rod 3 is located inside the furnace, with a spoke plate seat 43 connected to its bottom. The upper part of the spoke plate seat 43 is semi-circular with holes inside the ring, and a pair of hanger plates 44 are provided on both sides. The lower part of the opposite hanger plate 44 has symmetrical holes, and a pin is inserted through the symmetrical holes of the hanger plate 44 and the opening of the shaft workpiece 5 to fix the shaft. When loading the furnace, the double-layer lifting rod 3 passes through the furnace cover hole and is placed outside the furnace together with the lifting base 41 to prevent the strength of the double-layer lifting rod 3 and the cross pin 45 from decreasing under the influence of the high temperature inside the furnace, thus preventing instability. The shaft hanger 4 connected to the lower part of the double-layer lifting rod 3 and the perforated shaft workpiece 5 are placed inside the furnace, allowing the perforated shaft workpiece 5 to be heat-treated.

[0019] The upper end of the double-layer hanger 3 is connected to the hanger base 41 via a horizontal pin 45. The top of the double-layer hanger 3 consists of two flat surfaces 46 with a certain thickness, the thickness of which cannot exceed the opening at the bottom of the hanger base 41, ensuring that the upper end of the double-layer hanger 3 can pass through the bottom of the hanger base 41. A horizontal pin 45 hole is provided in the two flat surfaces 46. The bottom of the double-layer hanger 3 is rectangular, with a U-shaped groove cut from the middle of the lower part of the cuboid. The spacing between the U-shaped grooves is greater than the thickness of the spokes, ensuring that the ring at the upper end of the spoke base 43 can pass through the bottom of the double-layer hanger 3. Holes with a common centerline are opened on both sides of the U-shaped groove for engaging with pins to suspend the spoke base 43 and the perforated shaft workpiece 5. After the tooling is assembled, the U-shaped grooves are located at the lower part of the double-layer hanger, serving to support the spoke base 43 and the perforated shaft workpiece 5.

[0020] The spoke base 43 consists of a semi-circular ring with its bottom edge coinciding with the top edge of an isosceles trapezoid, and a side bracket plate 44. The bracket plate 44 overlaps with a pin within its holes. The two sides of the bracket plate 44 are symmetrical, with symmetrical holes at the bottom. A pin passes through the symmetrical holes in the bracket plate 44 and the opening at the end of the shaft workpiece 5, thus fixing the shaft workpiece 5. The holes on the bracket plate 44 are adapted to the outer surface of the pin. The shaft bracket 4 has a high degree of stability. By inserting a pin through the symmetrical holes in the bracket plate 44 and the opening at the end of the shaft workpiece 5, it connects and fixes the perforated shaft workpiece 5, ensuring that the perforated shaft workpiece 5 is vertically suspended.

[0021] The assembly method of the lifting fixture for the perforated shaft workpiece 5 in this embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1, Tooling fabrication: Fabricate hanger 41, which is cast from ZG25 material and then normalized after casting. The normalizing process is: 930℃×3.5H, air cooling; fabricate horizontal pin 45, which is rolled from 20 steel or A3 steel; fabricate double-layer hanger rod 3, which is forged from 20 steel and then normalized after forging. The normalizing process is: 930℃×3.5H, air cooling. Next, two flat surfaces 46 are machined on the top of the double-layer hanger 3, and a horizontal pin hole 45 is made. A U-shaped groove is machined on its bottom, and two pin holes are bored. The shaft bracket 4 is made of 20 steel plate, processed with a flame cutting machine, and deburred. The pin is made of 20 steel. The pin is made of 20 steel. The second step is to assemble the tooling: align the top of the double-layer hanger 3 with the bottom of the hanger 41, and connect them with the horizontal pin 45. The third step is to install the perforated shaft workpiece 5: insert the top of the spoke seat 43 between the U-shaped grooves at the bottom of the double-layer hanger 3, so that the center line of the hole on the spoke is aligned with the center of the hole on the U-shaped groove. The lines are aligned, and then the pin is inserted, allowing the pin to pass through both the spoke hole and the two holes on the U-shaped groove simultaneously; the end of the perforated shaft workpiece 5 is positioned so that the hole at the end of the perforated shaft workpiece 5 is in a horizontal state; the hanging plates 44 on both sides of the spoke seat 43 and the hole of the perforated shaft workpiece 5 are aligned and the pin structure 6 is inserted, ensuring that the center line of the hole on both sides of the hanging plate 44 is in the same center line position as the hole of the perforated shaft workpiece 5; the fourth step is to place the tooling; the double-layer hanger and the shaft hanger 4 and the perforated shaft workpiece 5 suspended by it are placed inside the furnace, and their height is adjusted so that the hole of the horizontal pin 45 at the top of the double-layer hanger 3 is outside the heat treatment furnace, and then the hanger 41 is fixed.

[0022] Example 2: A perforated shaft well type hanging fixture includes a suspension part 1 and a connecting part 2. The suspension part 1 is used to connect to the overhead crane and hang outside the furnace. One end of the connecting part 2 is connected to the suspension part 1, and the other end is connected to the shaft workpiece 5. The lower end of the connecting part 2 includes a double-layer suspension rod 3 and a shaft bracket 4. The double-layer suspension rod 3 and the shaft bracket 4 or the shaft bracket 4 and the shaft workpiece 5 are connected by a pin structure 6 to form a hinged connection that can be quickly locked. When the pin structure 6 is in the insertion state, it can be inserted into the pin hole from one side of the hanging fixture. When the pin structure 6 changes to the limiting state, it restricts the axial displacement of the pin structure 6 relative to the pin hole. The state of the pin structure 6 is locked by operating on the same side of insertion. In this embodiment, the pin structure 6 is used in two states: insertion and limiting. These states are used at different times. When the pin structure 6 needs to be inserted, its shape is similar to that of a normal pin. When it changes to the limiting state, it can be secured to the hanging fixture, thus forming an axial fixation and preventing axial movement.

[0023] Specifically, such as Figure 4-8 As shown, the pin structure 6 includes a first bearing insert 7 and a second bearing insert 8. In embodiment one, the first bearing insert 7 can be equivalent to a shaft hanger 4 or a double-layer hanger 3, and the second bearing insert 8 corresponds to the shaft workpiece 5 and the spoke seat 43, respectively. The first bearing insert 7 includes hinged ears 9 arranged opposite to each other on both sides, and a receiving space is provided between the two hinged ears 9 for the hinged head portion 10 of the second bearing insert 8 to be inserted. The hinged ears 9 on both sides are provided with ear seat pin holes 11 that overlap in position, and the hinged head portion 10 is provided with a hinge head pin hole 12. When the ear seat pin hole 11 and the hinge head pin hole 12 overlap, a through pin hole is formed for the pin structure 6 to be inserted. Figure 6 As shown on the left, the lug pin hole 11 and the hinge pin hole 12 are aligned (shown by the dark lines), allowing the cylindrical pin structure 6 to be easily inserted. When slowly lifted by a crane, the second bearing 8 and the first bearing 7 move relative to each other within a certain range, causing the lug pin hole 11 and the hinge pin hole 12 to misalign. In this embodiment, the relative movement of the two bearings serves as the driving force to deform the pin structure 6, transforming it into a limited position for axial positioning. Figure 6 As shown in the middle right figure.

[0024] Furthermore, when the hinge pin hole 12 and the ear seat pin hole 11 are misaligned, the pin structure 6 deforms accordingly to form an axial limit. The pin structure 6 includes a fixed pin portion 13 that is inserted into the ear seat pin hole 11, and a rotating pin portion 14 that is rotatably connected to the fixed pin portions 13 on both sides. The fixed pin portion 13 is short cylindrical, and a rotating support hole 15 is provided through the fixed pin portion 13. The rotating support hole 15 is offset from the center. The rotating pin portion 14 includes a rotating column 16 and an eccentric shaft 17. The side plane of the rotating column 16 is offset from the axis and the eccentric shaft 17 is provided. The two eccentric shafts 17 are rotatably connected at the rotating support hole 15. The fixed pin portion 13 and the rotating column 16 have the same diameter and are matched with the diameter of the pin hole portion. In the inserted state, the rotating column 16 and the fixed pin portion 13 are coaxially arranged. In the limited state, the rotating column 16 and the fixed pin 13 are misaligned so that the axes are offset from each other. In this embodiment, the fixing pins 13 at both ends are respectively inserted into the ear pin holes 11 on the first bearing insert 7 during the insertion process and are fixed in position. Then, when the rotating pin is lifted, it rotates through the eccentric shaft 17 due to gravity, thereby changing the original coaxial state of the rotating part and the fixing pin 13 to the axial deviation state, thus forming a misalignment. Using this misalignment deformation, the rotating column 16 can be locked between the hinged ears 9 to form an axial limit.

[0025] Furthermore, the fixing pin 13 includes a first fixing pin 18 that is inserted and engaged with the first side hinge ear 9, and a second fixing pin 19 that is inserted and engaged with the second side hinge ear 9. The first fixing pin 18 has a pin groove 20 that is recessed inward along the axial direction on its circumferential side wall, and the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole 11 of the first side hinge ear 9 has a pin key 21 that engages with the pin groove 20. The second fixing pin 19 has a protruding key 22 that is raised in the axial direction on its circumferential side wall, and the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole 11 of the second hinge ear has a keyway 23. Understandably, the first fixing pin 18 is set as a concave pin groove 20, which allows the pin shaft structure 6 and the rotating column 16 to pass through the second side hinge ear 9 in sequence and be inserted into the pin key 21 of the first side hinge ear 9 to fix the first fixing pin 18; conversely, the second side fixing pin is set as a protruding convex key 22, which allows the second side fixing pin to be inserted into the keyway 23 to fix it, thus restricting the rotation of the two fixing pin parts 13.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a locking structure 24 for adjusting the locking state of the adjusting pin structure 6. The locking structure 24 includes a spindle 25, a locking tongue 26, a locking tongue groove 27, and a locking cavity 28. The spindle 25 is axially movable within the eccentric shaft 17 and has a drive end 29 exposed at one end of the rotating pin 14. The locking tongue groove 27 and the locking cavity 28 are respectively provided on the adjacent sides of the adjacent fixed pin 13 and the rotating column 16. The locking tongue 26 is provided in the locking tongue groove 27. The locking tongue 26 is connected to the spindle 25. The spindle 25 moves axially to drive the locking tongue 26 into the locking cavity 28, so that the fixed pin 13 and the rotating column 16 are circumferentially locked. When the pin structure 6 is inserted into the ear seat pin hole 11 and the hinge pin hole 12, the fixed pin 13 and the rotating pin 14 need to be kept in a coaxial position to avoid rotational deformation during insertion, which would cause jamming and affect the insertion process. Therefore, during insertion, a pulling force is applied through the drive end 29 to pull the spindle 25 axially, thereby causing the locking tongue 26 to be locked in the locking tongue groove 27 and the locking cavity 28. In this way, the position of the fixed pin 13 and the rotating column 16 can be fixed.

[0027] Furthermore, the end of the second fixing pin 19 is provided with a pin cap 30, and the pin cap 30 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 31. When the pin structure 6 is turned into the locked state, the drive end 29 is locked in the arc-shaped groove 31 for limitation. After the pin structure 6 is inserted into place, the spindle 25 is pushed back, and then the locking tongue 26 is completely submerged in the locking tongue groove 27. Then, when the rotating pin 14 rotates, the spindle 25 rotates at the same time, thereby causing the drive end 29 to be locked in the arc-shaped groove 31 to restrict its axial movement.

[0028] As the core component that ensures the stability of the shaft workpiece 5, the pin structure 6 is designed to limit circumferential movement through a "rotational misalignment" mechanism, thereby fundamentally avoiding the risk of poor workpiece fixation and falling.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cased shaft well hanger tool, characterized by, The connecting part is connected with the hanging part at one end and connected with the shaft workpiece at the other end, and the lower end of the connecting part comprises a double-layer suspender and a shaft hanger, and the double-layer suspender and the shaft hanger or the shaft hanger and the shaft workpiece are connected through a pin shaft structure to form a hinged connection that can be quickly locked. When the pin shaft structure is in the bolt insertion state, the pin shaft structure is inserted into the pin hole part from one side of the hanging tool, and when the pin shaft structure is changed to the limiting state, the axial displacement of the pin shaft structure relative to the pin hole part is limited, and the state locking of the pin shaft structure is completed by operating the pin shaft structure on the same side.

2. A through-bore shaft well type hanging tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pin shaft structure comprises a first bearing insert and a second bearing insert, the first bearing insert comprises two opposite hinged ear parts, and a containing space is arranged between the two hinged ear parts for the hinged head part of the second bearing insert; the two hinged ear parts are provided with ear seat pin holes that are opposite in position, and the hinged head part is provided with a hinge head pin hole; the ear seat pin hole and the hinge head pin hole are coincided to form a through pin hole for inserting the pin shaft structure.

3. A through-the-axle well type hanging tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the hinge head pin hole and the ear seat pin hole are misaligned, the pin shaft structure deforms to form axial limiting according to the misalignment of the hinge head pin hole and the ear seat pin hole, and the pin shaft structure comprises a fixed pin part matched with the ear seat pin hole and a rotating pin part rotatably connected with the two fixed pin parts; the fixed pin part is in the shape of a short cylinder, and a rotating support hole is arranged through the fixed pin part; the rotating support hole is arranged away from the center; the rotating pin part comprises a rotating column and an eccentric shaft, and the eccentric shaft is arranged on the side plane of the rotating column away from the center; the two eccentric shafts are rotatably connected at the rotating support hole; the diameter of the fixed pin part is the same as that of the rotating column and matches the diameter of the pin hole part; in the bolt insertion state, the rotating column and the fixed pin part are coaxially arranged; in the limiting state, the rotating column and the fixed pin part are misaligned to make the axes deviate from each other.

4. A through-the-axle well type hanging tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed pin part comprises a first fixed pin matched with the first side hinged ear part and a second fixed pin matched with the second side hinged ear part; the circumferential side wall of the first fixed pin is provided with a pin groove arranged in the axial direction; the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole of the first side hinged ear part is provided with a pin key matched with the pin groove; the circumferential side wall of the second fixed pin is provided with a protruding key arranged in the axial direction; and the inner wall of the ear seat pin hole of the second hinged ear is provided with a key groove.

5. A through-the-axle well type hanging tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking structure for adjusting the locking state of the pin shaft structure comprises a core shaft, a lock tongue part, a lock tongue groove, and a lock catch cavity; the core shaft is arranged to move in the axial direction in the eccentric shaft and is exposed at one end of the rotating pin part to form a driving end; the adjacent side surfaces of the fixed pin part and the rotating column are respectively provided with a lock tongue groove and a lock catch cavity; the lock tongue part is arranged in the lock tongue groove; the lock tongue part is connected to the core shaft; the core shaft moves in the axial direction to drive the lock tongue part into the lock catch cavity to circumferentially lock the fixed pin part and the rotating column.

6. A through-the-axle well type hanging tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the second fixed pin is provided with a bolt cap, the bolt cap is provided with an arc-shaped clamping groove, and the bolt cap is provided with an arc-shaped clamping groove; when the pin shaft structure is turned to the locking state, the driving end is clamped into the arc-shaped clamping groove to limit the position.

7. The open hole shaft well type hanging tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hanging part comprises a lifting ring, a lifting seat and a lifting rod body, the lifting seat is connected with the travelling crane through the lifting ring arranged above the lifting seat and hung outside the furnace, the top end of the lifting rod body is connected with the lifting seat through a cross pin inserted in an opening, the lower part is arranged in the furnace, a double-layer lifting rod and a shaft hanger are arranged at the lower end of the lifting rod body, the shaft hanger comprises a spoke seat and a hanger plate, the upper part of the spoke seat is in a semi-ring shape, a hole position matched with the bottom of the double-layer lifting rod is formed in the spoke seat, and the hanger plate is welded on both sides of the spoke seat, the hanger plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the shaft workpiece is fixed through a pin shaft structure between the two hanger plates; when the furnace is loaded, the lifting rod body is placed outside the furnace together with the lifting seat through the furnace cover hole, so that the strength of the cooperation between the double-layer lifting rod and the cross pin is not reduced under the influence of high temperature in the furnace; the connection part connected with the lower part of the lifting rod body and the shaft workpiece are arranged in the furnace, so that the shaft workpiece can be heat treated.

8. The assembly method of a split shaft well type hanging tooling according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: step 1, manufacturing a tooling: Step 1.1, manufacturing a lifting seat, the lifting seat is cast by ZG25 material, and is normalized after casting, the normalizing process is: 930 DEG C * 3.5H, air cooling; a cross pin is manufactured by rolling 20 steel or A3 steel; Step 1.2, manufacturing a double-layer lifting rod, the double-layer lifting rod is forged by 20 steel, and is normalized after forging, the normalizing process is: 930 DEG C * 3.5H, air cooling; two planes are machined on the top of the double-layer lifting rod, and a cross pin hole is manufactured, a U-shaped groove is machined on the bottom of the double-layer lifting rod, and two pin holes are bored; Step 1.3, manufacturing a spoke seat, the spoke seat is manufactured by flame cutting 20 steel plate, deburring and welding; Step 1.4, manufacturing a pin shaft structure; Step 2, assembling the tooling: the top of the double-layer lifting rod is aligned with the bottom of the lifting seat, and the cross pin is connected; Step 3, installing an opening shaft workpiece: the top of the spoke seat is inserted between the U-shaped grooves on the bottom of the double-layer lifting rod, the hole center line on the spoke seat is overlapped with the hole center line on the U-shaped groove, then the pin shaft structure is inserted, the pin shaft structure passes through the two holes on the spoke hole and the U-shaped groove at the same time; when the ear seat pin hole and the hinge pin hole are overlapped, the pin shaft structure is inserted; in the lifting process, the lifting tooling is slowly lifted, the rotating column of the pin shaft structure is dislocated from the fixed pin part to form axial limiting; Step 4, placing the shaft workpiece; the double-layer lifting frame, the shaft hanger and the shaft workpiece are placed in the furnace, and the height is adjusted, so that the cross pin hole on the top of the double-layer lifting rod is located outside the heat treatment furnace, then the lifting seat is fixed, and the assembly is completed.

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