Ion mobility spectrum measurement method based on I-U characteristic curve of single-section Geduen tube

Abstract

The invention discloses an ion mobility spectrum measurement method based on an I-U characteristic curve of a single-section Gedes tube, and the method comprises the steps: building a measurement platform, and enabling to-be-measured ions to pass through the single-section Gedes tube under the driving of laminar airflow with the flow velocity of u0; changing a bias voltage U applied to the single-section type Gedes tube, and measuring a corresponding corona ion current I to obtain an I-U characteristic curve of the single-section type Gedes tube; on the basis of the curve slope of the I-U characteristic curve, calculating ion densities corresponding to ions with different migration rates; and generating an ion mobility spectrum according to all the ions with different mobility and the corresponding ion densities, and calculating the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectrum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high voltage direct current transmission technology, and more specifically, to a method for measuring ion mobility spectrometry based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube. Background Technology

[0002] Several scholars, both domestically and internationally, have conducted research on the effects of temperature and humidity on ion mobility. Most of these studies only provide a general trend of average ion mobility changing with humidity, failing to accurately determine the ion mobility value under specific temperature and humidity conditions. While some studies have derived empirical formulas for the changes in average ion mobility with temperature and humidity based on extensive experimental results, these experiments were conducted in artificial climate chambers with controlled temperature and humidity. The atmospheric composition in these chambers may not be exactly the same as that in the natural environment. Since atmospheric composition affects the ion products of corona discharge and consequently the average ion mobility, the direct applicability of these research conclusions to ion mobility values ​​in the natural environment remains debatable. Furthermore, although considerable research has been conducted on corona ion mobility, these studies all use an average mobility value or total ion density to characterize the entire ion cluster, which masks the detailed characteristics of the chemical composition of the corona discharge ion cluster. Detailed analysis of the ion cluster is crucial for understanding the effects of factors such as temperature, humidity, and season on ion properties (e.g., composition and mobility). Ion mobility spectrometry, which closely links the two parameters of ion mobility and ion density, is one of the important tools for detailed analysis.

[0003] There are many methods for measuring ion mobility, such as the pulsed townsend method, drift tube method, parallel plate method, and Gerdien tube method. Due to their simple principles, ease of fabrication, convenient measurement, and applicability to studying the effects of ambient temperature and humidity on ion mobility, the parallel plate method and Gerdien tube method are widely used for ion mobility measurement and characteristic studies. Compared to the parallel plate method, the Gerdien tube method can be used to measure the corona ion mobility under transmission lines, thus offering advantages in field measurements. Based on the number of internal measuring electrode segments, Gerdien tubes can be classified as single-segment or multi-segment. Previously, when using single-segment Gerdien tubes, only the average mobility of the ion cluster was typically obtained, and the measurement of the ion mobility spectrum was not reported. To obtain the ion mobility spectrum, some researchers have used two-segment Gerdien tubes to measure the corona ion mobility spectrum of transmission lines. Although a multi-segment Gerdien tube requires less time to complete a single spectral measurement than a single-segment tube, the measurement electrodes of a multi-segment Gerdien tube are longer, and multiple weak current measurement units, which are the core of the instrument, are needed, significantly increasing manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the spectral resolution of a multi-segment Gerdien tube is limited by the number of segments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method for measuring the corona ion mobility of DC lines based on a single-segment Gerdien tube. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for measuring ion mobility spectrometry based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for measuring ion mobility spectrometry based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube is provided, comprising:

[0006] A measurement platform was set up so that the ions to be measured could pass through a single-segment Gerdien tube under the action of a laminar airflow with a flow rate of u0.

[0007] By changing the bias voltage U applied to the single-segment Gerdien tube and measuring the corresponding corona ion current I, the IU characteristic curve of the single-segment Gerdien tube can be obtained.

[0008] Based on the slope of the IU characteristic curve, the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities is calculated.

[0009] Ion mobility spectra are generated based on all ions with different mobility and their corresponding ion densities, and the average ion mobility is calculated based on the ion mobility spectra.

[0010] Optionally, when the bias voltage U applied to the Gerdien transistor is U i and U i+1Between, the corona ion current I of the m-th ion on the electrode m The expression is:

[0011]

[0012] In the formula, N is the number of ions in the ion group; n i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the number density of each ion; k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the ion mobility; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage of each ion; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; e is the elementary charge, 1.6 × 10⁻⁶. -19 C; L is the length of the single-segment Gerdien ion collecting electrode; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage for each ion, and U0 = 0 is defined.

[0013] Optionally, the expression for calculating ion density is:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, n m ΔI is the ion density of the m-th ion; ΔI / ΔU is the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0016] Optionally, the average ion mobility k ion,ave The calculation expression is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, U sat This is the saturation voltage, i.e., the value of the critical bias voltage U.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, an ion mobility spectroscopy measurement device based on a single-segment Gerdien tube IU characteristic curve is provided, comprising:

[0020] The module is used to build a measurement platform, allowing the ions to be measured to pass through a single-segment Gerdien tube under the influence of a laminar airflow with a flow rate of u0.

[0021] The measurement module is used to change the bias voltage U applied to the single-segment Gerdien tube and measure the corresponding corona ion current I to obtain the IU characteristic curve of the single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0022] The calculation module is used to calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities based on the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0023] The generation module is used to generate ion mobility spectra based on all ions with different mobility and their corresponding ion densities, and to calculate the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectra.

[0024] Optionally, when the bias voltage U applied to the Gerdien transistor is U i and U i+1 Between, the corona ion current I of the m-th ion on the electrode m The expression is:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, N is the number of ions in the ion group; n i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the number density of each ion; k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the ion mobility; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage of each ion; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; e is the elementary charge, 1.6 × 10⁻⁶. -19 C; L is the length of the single-segment Gerdien ion collecting electrode; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage for each ion, and U0 = 0 is defined.

[0027] Optionally, the expression for calculating ion density is:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, n m ΔI is the ion density of the m-th ion; ΔI / ΔU is the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0030] Optionally, the average ion mobility k ion,ave The calculation expression is:

[0031]

[0032] In the formula, U sat This is the saturation voltage, i.e., the value of the critical bias voltage U.

[0033] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing a computer program for performing the methods described in any of the above aspects of the present invention.

[0034] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; the processor being configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method described in any of the preceding aspects of the present invention.

[0035] Therefore, this invention establishes a DC line corona ion mobility measurement platform based on a single-segment Gerdien tube, obtains the IU characteristic curve of the Gerdien tube, calculates the ion current corresponding to ions with different mobilities, calculates the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities, calculates the ion mobility spectrum, and calculates the average ion mobility. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can measure the ion mobility spectrum and obtain more information than just the average ion mobility. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an ion mobility spectrum measurement method based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of a coaxial cylindrical single-segment Gerdien tube provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a DC line corona ion mobility measurement platform provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ion mobility spectrum measurement device based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is the structure of an electronic device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them.

[0045] It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" can refer to two or more, and "at least one" can refer to one, two or more.

[0046] It should also be understood that any component, data or structure mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention can generally be understood as one or more unless explicitly defined or given contrary instructions in the context.

[0047] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this invention is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] It should also be understood that the description of the various embodiments in this invention emphasizes the differences between the various embodiments, and the similarities or similarities can be referred to each other. For the sake of brevity, they will not be described in detail.

[0049] At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual scale.

[0050] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the invention or its application or use.

[0051] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0052] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures.

[0053] The embodiments of this invention can be applied to electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, and servers, and can operate together with a wide range of other general-purpose or special-purpose computing system environments or configurations. Well-known examples of terminal devices, computing systems, environments, and / or configurations suitable for use with electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, and servers include, but are not limited to: personal computer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick clients, handheld or laptop devices, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloud computing environments including any of the above systems, etc.

[0054] Electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, and servers can be described in the general context of computer system executable instructions (such as program modules) executed by a computer system. Typically, program modules can include routines, programs, object programs, components, logic, data structures, etc., which perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. Computer systems / servers can be implemented in distributed cloud computing environments, where tasks are executed by remote processing devices linked through communication networks. In distributed cloud computing environments, program modules can reside on local or remote computing system storage media, including storage devices.

[0055] Exemplary methods

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an ion mobility spectroscopy measurement method based on a single-segment Gerdien tube IU characteristic curve, provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to electronic devices, such as… Figure 1 As shown, the ion mobility spectrum measurement method 100 based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 101: Set up a measurement platform so that the ions to be measured pass through a single-segment Gerdien tube under the action of a laminar airflow with a flow rate of u0.

[0058] Step 102: Change the bias voltage U applied to the single-segment Gerdien tube and measure the corresponding corona ion current I to obtain the IU characteristic curve of the single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0059] Step 103: Calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities based on the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0060] Step 104: Generate an ion mobility spectrum based on all ions with different mobility and their corresponding ion densities, and calculate the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectrum.

[0061] Specifically, this invention addresses the limitation that single-segment Gerdien tubes typically only measure average ion mobility by proposing an ion mobility spectrum measurement method based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube. This method can measure corona ion mobility spectra. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Build a DC line corona ion mobility measurement platform based on a single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0063] The gas flow in the Gerdien tube is a laminar flow with a constant velocity u0. L is the length of the ion collecting electrode; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode; U is the bias voltage of the Gerdien tube; and I is the corona ion current collected by the Gerdien tube.

[0064] Step 2: Obtain the IU characteristic curve of the Gerdien tube.

[0065] By changing the bias voltage U of the Gerdien tube and recording the corona ion current I collected by the Gerdien tube, the IU characteristic curve of the Gerdien tube can be obtained.

[0066] This involves calculating the ion currents corresponding to ions with different mobilities.

[0067] Assume there are N types of ions in the ion swarm, and the number density of each type of ion is n. i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N), ion mobility k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N), the saturation voltage of each ion is U. i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N). Define U0 = 0. Then the bias voltage U is at U i and U i+1 The ion current I on the collecting electrode between m It can be represented as:

[0068]

[0069] Step 3: Calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities.

[0070] Based on the slope of the IU curve, the density of the m-th ion is calculated using the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Step 4: Calculate the ion mobility spectrum.

[0073] Repeat step 4 until all N types of ions with mobility k are calculated. ion,i The ion density n of (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) i(i=1,2,3,…,N), and the ion mobility spectrum can be obtained.

[0074] Step 5: Calculate the average ion mobility.

[0075] The critical bias voltage U corresponding to the point at which the current I on the IU curve begins to stabilize is defined as the saturation voltage U. sat The average ion mobility can be expressed as:

[0076]

[0077] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, based on the method proposed above, Figure 2 Measurements were performed on the constructed single-segment Gerdien tube, as detailed below:

[0078] Step 1: Build a DC line corona ion mobility measurement platform based on a single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0079] Constructing a single-segment Gerdien pipe, such as Figure 2 As shown, its effective electrode length L = 350 mm, the inner and outer electrode radii are r1 = 5 mm and r2 = 40 mm respectively, and the airflow velocity inside the tube is u0 = 1 m / s.

[0080] A unipolar DC test line was constructed using LGJ95 / 15 conductors, 1.1m above the ground. The output voltage of the high-voltage DC power supply was adjusted until corona discharge occurred in the conductors. The test voltage range was controlled between ±90kV and ±100kV, corresponding to a conductor surface electric field strength of 23.03kV / cm to 25.59kV / cm. This conductor surface electric field strength is numerically close to that of actual transmission line conductors. A Gerdien tube was placed on the ground below the conductors, and its output signal was transmitted via a signal line to an oscilloscope for display and recording. The entire measurement platform is as follows. Figure 3 As shown.

[0081] Step 2: Obtain the IU characteristic curve of the Gerdien tube.

[0082] Under a given bias power supply voltage U, a corona ion collection current signal I, on the order of pA, is generated. This current signal I is acquired using a pA-level current amplifier and input into an oscilloscope. By gradually increasing the bias power supply voltage U within the range of 0–500V, different corona ion currents I are obtained until the current signal I stabilizes with increasing U.

[0083] Step 3: Calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities.

[0084] Based on the slope ΔI / ΔU of the IU curve, the density of the m-th ion is calculated using the following formula.

[0085]

[0086] Step 4: Calculate the ion mobility spectrum.

[0087] Repeat step 4 until all N types of ions with mobility k are calculated. ion,i The ion density n of (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) i (i=1,2,3,…,N), and the ion mobility spectrum can be obtained.

[0088] Step 5: Calculate the average ion mobility.

[0089] The critical bias voltage U corresponding to the point at which the current I on the IU curve begins to stabilize is defined as the saturation voltage U. sat The average ion mobility can be expressed as

[0090]

[0091] Therefore, compared with existing ion mobility measurement methods based on single-segment and multi-segment Gerdien tubes, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0092] (1) Compared with the original single-segment Gerdien tube measurement method, the measurement method proposed in this invention can measure the spectrum of corona ion mobility and resolve the content of ions with different mobility in the corona ion cluster.

[0093] (2) Compared with the original multi-segment Gerdien tube measurement method, the present invention reduces the structural complexity, volume and cost of the measurement device.

[0094] Therefore, this invention establishes a DC line corona ion mobility measurement platform based on a single-segment Gerdien tube, obtains the IU characteristic curve of the Gerdien tube, calculates the ion current corresponding to ions with different mobilities, calculates the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities, calculates the ion mobility spectrum, and calculates the average ion mobility. Compared with existing technologies, this invention can measure the ion mobility spectrum and obtain more information than just the average ion mobility.

[0095] Exemplary device

[0096] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ion mobility spectrum measurement device based on the IU characteristic curve of a single-segment Gerdien tube provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the device 400 includes:

[0097] Module 410 is used to build a measurement platform so that the ions to be measured pass through a single-segment Gerdien tube under the action of a laminar flow at a flow rate of u0.

[0098] Measurement module 420 is used to change the bias voltage U applied to the single-segment Gerdien tube and measure the corresponding corona ion current I to obtain the IU characteristic curve of the single-segment Gerdien tube.

[0099] The calculation module 430 is used to calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities based on the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0100] The generation module 440 is used to generate an ion mobility spectrum based on all ions with different mobility and their corresponding ion densities, and to calculate the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectrum.

[0101] Optionally, when the bias voltage U applied to the Gerdien transistor is U i and U i+1 Between, the corona ion current I of the m-th ion on the electrode m The expression is:

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, N is the number of ions in the ion group; n i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the number density of each ion; k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the ion mobility; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage of each ion; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode of the single-segment Gerdien tube; e is the elementary charge, 1.6 × 10⁻⁶. -19 C; L is the length of the single-segment Gerdien ion collecting electrode; U i (i = 1, 2, 3, ..., N) represents the saturation voltage for each ion, and U0 = 0 is defined.

[0104] Optionally, the expression for calculating ion density is:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, n m ΔI is the ion density of the m-th ion; ΔI / ΔU is the slope of the IU characteristic curve.

[0107] Optionally, the average ion mobility k ion,ave The calculation expression is:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, U sat This is the saturation voltage, i.e., the value of the critical bias voltage U.

[0110] Exemplary electronic devices

[0111] Figure 5 This is the structure of an electronic device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 50 includes one or more processors 51 and memory 52.

[0112] The processor 51 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.

[0113] The memory 52 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 51 may execute the program instructions to implement the methods of the software programs of the various embodiments of the present invention described above, and / or other desired functions. In one example, the electronic device may also include an input device 53 and an output device 54, these components being interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

[0114] In addition, the input device 53 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.

[0115] The output device 54 can output various information to the outside. The output device 54 may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, etc.

[0116] Of course, for the sake of simplicity, Figure 5 Only some of the components of this electronic device relevant to the present invention are shown, omitting components such as buses, input / output interfaces, etc. In addition, the electronic device may include any other suitable components depending on the specific application.

[0117] Exemplary computer program products and computer-readable storage media

[0118] In addition to the methods and apparatus described above, embodiments of the present invention may also be computer program products, which include computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps in the methods according to various embodiments of the present invention described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above.

[0119] The computer program product can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​to perform the operations of the embodiments of the present invention. The programming languages ​​include object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0120] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention may also be computer-readable storage media storing computer program instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the steps of the methods according to various embodiments of the present invention described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above.

[0121] The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0122] The basic principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in the present invention are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of the present invention. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the present invention to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details.

[0123] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For system embodiments, since they largely correspond to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0124] The block diagrams of devices, systems, devices, and systems involved in this invention are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, systems, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0125] The methods and systems of the present invention may be implemented in many ways. For example, they may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above-described order of steps for the methods is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the methods of the present invention are not limited to the order specifically described above unless otherwise specifically stated. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present invention may also be implemented as a program recorded on a recording medium, the program comprising machine-readable instructions for implementing the methods according to the present invention. Thus, the present invention also covers recording media storing programs for performing the methods according to the present invention.

[0126] It should also be noted that in the systems, apparatus, and methods of the present invention, the components or steps can be disassembled and / or recombined. These disassemblies and / or recombinations should be considered equivalents of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be carried out within the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0127] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations therein.

Claims

1. A method for ion mobility spectrometry based on a single segment Gerdien tube I-U characteristic curve, characterized in that, The method comprises: building a measurement platform, so that the ions to be measured are driven by a laminar flow with a flow rate u0 to pass through a single-section Gerdien tube; changing the bias voltage U applied to the single-section Gerdien tube, and measuring the corresponding corona ion current I to obtain an I-U characteristic curve of the single-section Gerdien tube; based on the curve slope of the I-U characteristic curve, calculating the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities; generating an ion mobility spectrum according to all ions with different mobilities and their corresponding ion densities, and calculating the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectrum.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, When the bias voltage U applied to the Gerdien tube is between U i and U i+1 , the expression of the corona ion current I m of the mth ion on the electrode is: where N is the number of ion species in the ion population; n i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the number density of each ion species; k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the ion mobility; U i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the saturation voltage of each ion species; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode of the single-section Gerdien tube; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode of the single-section Gerdien tube; e is the elementary charge amount, 1.6 x 10 -19 C; L is the length of the single-section Gerdien ion collection electrode; U i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the saturation voltage of each ion species, with U0defined as 0.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The calculation expression of the ion density is: where n m is the ion density of the mth ion; ΔI / ΔU is the slope of the I-U characteristic curve.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The average ion mobility k ion,ave The calculation expression is: In the formula, U sat is the saturation voltage, i.e. the value of the critical bias voltage U.

5. An ion mobility spectrometry device based on a single-stage Gerdien tube I-U characteristic curve, characterized in that The method comprises: a building module, configured to build a measurement platform, so that the ions to be measured are driven by a laminar flow with a flow rate u0 to pass through a single-section Gerdien tube; a measurement module, configured to change the bias voltage U applied to the single-section Gerdien tube, and measure the corresponding corona ion current I to obtain an I-U characteristic curve of the single-section Gerdien tube; a calculation module, configured to calculate the ion density corresponding to ions with different mobilities based on the curve slope of the I-U characteristic curve; a generation module, configured to generate an ion mobility spectrum according to all ions with different mobilities and their corresponding ion densities, and calculate the average ion mobility based on the ion mobility spectrum.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, When the bias voltage U applied to the Gerdien tube is between U i and U i+1 , the expression of the corona ion current I m of the mth ion on the electrode is: where N is the number of ion species in the ion population; n i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the number density of each ion species; k ion,i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the ion mobility; U i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the saturation voltage of each ion species; r1 is the outer diameter of the inner electrode of the single segment Gerdien tube; r2 is the inner diameter of the outer electrode of the single segment Gerdien tube; e is the elementary charge, 1.6 x 10 -19 C; L is the length of the single segment Gerdien ion collection electrode; U i (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) is the saturation voltage of each ion species, with U0defined as 0.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The calculation expression of the ion density is: where n m is the ion density of the mth ion; and ΔI / ΔU is the slope of the I-U characteristic curve.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The average ion mobility k ion,ave The calculation expression is: In the formula, U sat is the saturation voltage, i.e. the value of the critical bias voltage U.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the method in any one of claims 1-4.

10. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device comprises: a processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method in any one of claims 1-4.

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