Multi-axial mechanical accelerometer and measuring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer and a measuring method, and relates to the technical field of mechanical accelerometer equipment.The multi-axial mechanical accelerometer comprises a dome shell, a touch type alarm is installed in the dome shell, a transverse shaft is installed in the dome shell in the radial line direction of the dome shell, and the transverse shaft is sleeved with a conical sleeve; the conical sleeve is in sliding fit with the transverse rod, and the transverse shaft is sleeved with a first reset spring used for driving the conical sleeve to be close to the touch type alarm. The first base is installed at the bottom of the dome shell, a limiting assembly used for limiting the conical sleeve to move in the radial line direction is installed in the bottom of the first base, and the limiting assembly can move in the axis direction in the first base; when the multi-axial mechanical accelerometer works, acceleration signals in the axial direction and acceleration signals in the axial direction of other intersecting coordinate systems are responded, acceleration values in the axial direction of the multi-axial mechanical accelerometer are measured, an over-limit alarm state is indicated, and an alarm signal is output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical accelerometer equipment technology, specifically a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer and its measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] This invention relates to the field of acceleration measurement technology, specifically to a multi-axis mechanical accelerometer, which is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring the detection of acceleration in multiple directions and the provision of alarm functions, such as vehicle collision monitoring, industrial equipment vibration alarms, and sports equipment impact detection.

[0003] Traditional mechanical accelerometers typically employ a single-axis detection structure, such as a spring-mass system, which can only detect acceleration in a single direction and is insufficient to meet the multi-axial measurement requirements of complex motion environments. Furthermore, existing mechanical accelerometers mostly rely on electrical signal output for alarm triggering, lacking a simple and reliable mechanical triggering mechanism, resulting in slow response times or complex structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer and measurement method that can simultaneously detect multi-axial acceleration and quickly trigger a mechanical alarm, thereby improving applicability and reliability.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A multi-axial mechanical accelerometer includes a dome housing with a touch-sensitive alarm installed inside. A transverse shaft is installed inside the dome housing along its radial direction, and a tapered sleeve is fitted onto the transverse shaft. The tapered sleeve slides with a crossbar. A first return spring is fitted onto the transverse shaft to drive the tapered sleeve toward the touch-sensitive alarm. A first base is installed at the bottom of the dome housing, and a limiting component is installed inside the bottom of the first base to restrict the movement of the tapered sleeve along its radial direction. The limiting component is displaceable along the internal axial direction of the first base.

[0006] Preferably, the first base has a first cavity, and the limiting component includes a counterweight with a hemispherical bottom. The counterweight is disposed inside the first cavity. The counterweight can slide along the axial direction inside the first cavity and can also perform centrifugal motion along the central axis of the first cavity. A first spring plate for acceleration measurement is disposed between the counterweight and the bottom of the first cavity. The first spring plate is supported by the bottom of the first cavity and drives the top of the counterweight to abut against the side of the conical sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the counterweight has a boss on top, and the boss abuts against the side of the conical sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the touch alarm includes a cover plate, which is fixedly connected to the side of the dome housing. An alarm output circuit board is installed in the cover plate. A first contact and a second contact are installed on the alarm output circuit board. A spring pin is installed on both the first contact and the second contact. The conical sleeve contacts the spring pin after it moves.

[0009] Preferably, the horizontal axis is provided with a colored indicator ring, and the dome shell is made of a transparent material to facilitate observation of the colored indicator ring.

[0010] A measurement method for a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer includes the following steps: S1. Acceleration detection steps: When the accelerometer is subjected to external acceleration, the limiting component in the first base responds to the acceleration change, causing the counterweight to slide along the axis of the first cavity or make centrifugal motion around the central axis. S2, Displacement transfer steps: The boss of the counterweight abuts against the side of the conical sleeve, restricting or releasing the sliding freedom of the conical sleeve along the horizontal axis; S3. Triggering alarm procedure: When the acceleration exceeds the set threshold, the conical sleeve moves against the elastic force of the first return spring, triggering the touch alarm and outputting an alarm signal.

[0011] Preferably, the acceleration detection step includes: when the acceleration acts along the axial direction, the counterweight compresses or stretches the first spring plate, changing its abutment force on the conical sleeve; Preferably, the acceleration detection step includes: when the acceleration contains a centrifugal component, the counterweight shifts around the central axis of the first cavity, changing the contact position between the boss and the conical sleeve; Preferably, the conical sleeve moves to contact the spring pin, causing the alarm output circuit board to conduct, forming a closed loop and outputting an alarm signal.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a visualization monitoring step: observing the colored indicator ring on the horizontal axis through the transparent dome shell to determine the movement position of the conical sleeve on the horizontal axis.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention employs a multi-axial detection mechanism, a structure with a tapered sleeve slidingly engaging with a transverse axis, and a counterweight limiting component capable of axial sliding and centrifugal motion. This allows the accelerometer to simultaneously respond to acceleration in any one of the Z, X, or Y axes. The hemispherical bottom of the counterweight engages with a spring plate, ensuring that it compresses the spring plate under axial acceleration and deflects under centrifugal acceleration, thereby transmitting acceleration signals in multiple dimensions. Furthermore, the mechanical alarm trigger reduces electromagnetic interference. The displacement of the tapered sleeve directly triggers a touch-sensitive alarm, eliminating the need for electronic sensors, resulting in a fast response and strong anti-interference capability. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure; In the diagram, 1. Dome housing; 2. Touch alarm; 3. Horizontal axis; 4. Conical sleeve; 5. First return spring; 6. First base; 601. First cavity; 7. Limiting assembly; 71. First spring plate; 72. Counterweight; 8. Boss; 9. Cover plate; 10. Alarm output circuit board; 11. Spring pin; 12. First contact; 13. Second contact; 15. Colored indicator ring. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Example 1: like Figures 1-3 As shown, a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer is provided, including a dome housing 1, which serves as an overall protective structure to protect internal precision components. The transparent material design enables visual monitoring and facilitates the initial position calibration of the conical sleeve 4. A touch-sensitive alarm 2 is installed inside the dome housing 1. A transverse axis 3 is installed inside the dome housing 1 along its radial direction, establishing the axial movement reference for the conical sleeve 4. The transverse axis 3 is fixed within an installation space inside the dome housing 1, and a colored indicator ring 15 is provided on the transverse axis 3. The dome housing 1 is made of transparent material to facilitate observation of the colored indicator ring 15. In the initial position, the conical sleeve 4 covers the surface of the colored indicator ring 15 and is not visible from the outside of the dome housing 1. A conical sleeve is fitted onto the transverse axis 3. The conical sleeve 4 can slide left and right along the crossbar. A first reset spring 5 is sleeved on the crossbar 3 to drive the conical sleeve 4 toward the touch alarm 2. The first reset spring 5 has a preset elastic force to determine the trigger threshold. Under normal conditions, the alarm is kept in standby state. The automatic reset function is performed after the acceleration disappears. Through the reset hole of the dome housing 1, a stick or similar tool is used to push the conical sleeve 4 to move on the crossbar 3 until the conical sleeve 4 completely covers the colored indicator ring 15. The first base 6 is installed at the bottom of the dome housing 1. The bottom of the first base 6 is equipped with a limiting component 7 to restrict the movement of the conical sleeve 4 along the radial direction. The limiting component 7 is a multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic limiting component that can be displaced along the internal axis of the first base 6.

[0016] Preferably, the first base 6 has a first cavity 601, and the limiting component 7 includes a counterweight 72 with a hemispherical bottom end. The counterweight 72 has a boss 8 on its top, which abuts against the side of the conical sleeve 4. The combined motion (axial + centrifugal) of the counterweight 72 achieves true multi-axial detection. The counterweight 72 is set inside the first cavity 601. The counterweight 72 can slide axially along the inside of the first cavity 601 and can also perform centrifugal motion along the central axis of the first cavity 601. A first spring plate 71 for acceleration measurement is set between the counterweight 72 and the bottom of the first cavity 601. The first spring plate 71 is supported by the bottom of the first cavity 601 and drives the top of the counterweight 72 to abut against the side of the conical sleeve 4.

[0017] Preferably, the touch-type alarm 2 includes a cover plate 9 and an alarm output circuit board 10. A first mounting slot for the alarm output circuit board 10 is formed on the side of the dome housing 1. The alarm output circuit board 10 is then fixed in the first mounting slot. Next, the cover plate 9 is installed at the opening of the first mounting slot, protecting the alarm output circuit board 10 within it. The cover plate 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the dome housing 1. The alarm output circuit board 10 has a first contact 12 and a second contact 13 soldered on it, and a spring pin 11 is installed on each of the first contact 12 and the second contact 13. After the conical sleeve 4 is released from its limit position, it moves and contacts the spring pin 11. The spring pin 11 is a contact-type device with elastic contact, low wear, suitable for precision measurement and dustproof environments. After being subjected to a certain force, the spring automatically pushes the conical sleeve 4 out. It is a mechanical contact type, triggered by mechanical pressure, capable of withstanding high current, and has high durability, suitable for high vibration and dusty environments. The purely mechanical structure has strong anti-interference capabilities and is suitable for harsh working conditions. The dual-mode alarm triggering mechanism adapts to different application scenarios.

[0018] Example 2: Vehicle collision detection applications: Implementation steps: Fix the accelerometer inside the front bumper beam of the vehicle, adjust the preload of the first return spring 5, set the trigger threshold to 5g (corresponding to a collision acceleration of approximately 50km / h), select the spring pin 11 contact alarm, and connect it to the airbag control unit. S1. Acceleration detection: When the vehicle is involved in a frontal collision, the first base 6 is subjected to axial impact acceleration. The counterweight 72 compresses the first spring plate 71 under the action of inertia. After the first spring plate 71 is deformed, the abutment force of the boss 8 against the conical sleeve 4 is weakened. S2, Displacement transmission: The conical sleeve 4 slides along the horizontal axis 3 under the action of inertia, and moves towards the alarm device by overcoming the elastic force of the first return spring 5; S3. Trigger Alarm: When the conical sleeve 4 contacts the spring pin 11, it connects the alarm output circuit board 10 and sends a trigger signal to the airbag ECU, instantly deploying the airbag. Maintenance personnel can observe the displacement of the colored indicator ring 15 through the transparent dome shell 1 and reset the conical sleeve 4. The overall response is rapid, with a response time of <5ms, which is better than electronic sensors (response time 10ms-20ms). It is not afraid of electromagnetic interference and ensures reliability in extreme accidents.

[0019] Example 3: Application in overspeed protection of industrial centrifuges: Install the accelerometer on the outside of the centrifuge drum, adjust the mass of the counterweight 72, and trigger when the centrifugal acceleration reaches 800g (corresponding to the set speed). Select a mechanical contact type alarm, and connect the second spring plate 14 to the emergency stop relay. S1. Multi-axial acceleration detection (X-axis and Y-axis): When the centrifuge accelerates abnormally, the counterweight 72 is displaced outward by the centrifugal force, deviating from the central axis of the first cavity 601. The boss 8 is disengaged from the side limit of the conical sleeve 4. At the same time, the first spring plate 71 is compressed and deviates from the center. S3, Trigger Alarm: The conical sleeve 4 pushes the second spring plate 14 to contact the second contact 13, directly cutting off the motor power supply. The overall purely mechanical structure is resistant to high temperatures (<150℃) and vibration, suitable for industrial environments, has no electronic component aging issues, and has a long service life.

Claims

1. A multi-axis mechanical accelerometer, characterized by, The application relates to a touch alarm device, which comprises a dome-shaped shell (1), a touch alarm (2) is arranged in the dome-shaped shell (1), a horizontal shaft (3) is arranged in the dome-shaped shell (1) along a radial direction, a conical sleeve (4) is sleeved on the horizontal shaft (3), the conical sleeve (4) is in sliding fit with the horizontal shaft (3), a first reset spring (5) is sleeved on the horizontal shaft (3) and used for driving the conical sleeve (4) to move towards the touch alarm (2), a first base (6) is arranged at the bottom of the dome-shaped shell (1), a limiting assembly (7) for limiting the movement of the conical sleeve (4) along the radial direction is arranged in the first base (6), and the limiting assembly (7) can move along the axis direction of the first base (6).

2. A multi-axis mechanical accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein, A first cavity (601) is formed in the first base (6), the limiting assembly (7) comprises a counterweight (72) with a hemispherical bottom, the counterweight (72) is arranged in the first cavity (601), the counterweight (72) can slide along the axial direction of the first cavity (601) and can also make centrifugal motion along the central axis of the first cavity (601), a first spring sheet (71) for acceleration measurement is arranged between the counterweight (72) and the bottom of the first cavity (601), the first spring sheet (71) is supported by the bottom of the first cavity (601) and drives the top end of the counterweight (72) to abut against the side surface of the conical sleeve (4).

3. A multi-axis mechanical accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein, The top of the counterweight (72) is provided with a boss (8) which abuts against the side surface of the conical sleeve (4).

4. A multi-axis mechanical accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein, The touch alarm (2) comprises a cover plate (9) which is fixedly connected to the side surface of the dome-shaped shell (1), an alarm output circuit board (10) is arranged in the cover plate (9), a first contact (12) and a second contact (13) are arranged on the alarm output circuit board (10), spring pins (11) are arranged on the first contact (12) and the second contact (13), and the conical sleeve (4) is in contact with the spring pins (11) after moving.

5. A multi-axis mechanical accelerometer according to claim 1, wherein, The horizontal shaft (3) is provided with a colored indicating ring (15), and the dome-shaped shell (1) is made of transparent material so as to facilitate observation of the colored indicating ring (15).

6. A measurement method of a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer, characterized by, The application further discloses a touch alarm method, which comprises the following steps: S1, an acceleration detection step, when an accelerometer is subjected to external acceleration, the limiting assembly (7) in the first base (6) responds to the acceleration change, so that the counterweight (72) slides along the axial direction of the first cavity (601) or makes centrifugal motion around the central axis; S2, a displacement transmission step, the boss (8) of the counterweight (72) abuts against the side surface of the conical sleeve (4), so as to limit or release the sliding freedom of the conical sleeve (4) along the horizontal shaft (3); S3, a trigger alarm step, when the acceleration exceeds a set threshold value, the conical sleeve (4) moves against the elastic force of the first reset spring (5), the touch alarm (2) is triggered, and an alarm signal is output.

7. A method of measuring a multi-axial mechanical accelerometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the acceleration detection step, when the acceleration acts along the axial direction, the counterweight (72) compresses or stretches the first spring sheet (71), so as to change the abutting force of the first spring sheet (71) on the conical sleeve (4).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plurality of axes are orthogonal. The acceleration detecting step comprises: When the acceleration contains a centrifugal component, the counterweight (72) is offset around the central axis of the first cavity (601), changing the contact position of the boss (8) and the conical sleeve (4).

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the plurality of axes are orthogonal. In the alarm triggering step, the conical sleeve (4) moves to contact the spring needle (11), making the alarm output circuit board (10) conductive, forming a closed loop, and outputting an alarm signal.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the plurality of axes are orthogonal. The measurement method further comprises a visual monitoring step: observing the colored indicator ring (15) on the horizontal shaft (3) through the transparent dome shell (1) to determine the moving position of the conical sleeve (4) on the horizontal shaft (3).

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