HEMP irradiation near-earth cable coupling characteristic analysis method, system, device, medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power systems, and discloses an HEMP irradiation near-earth cable coupling characteristic analysis method, system, device, medium and product, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a near-earth cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model in an electromagnetic simulation environment, dividing a ground region in the initial ground simulation model into a plurality of sub-regions, and carrying out the analysis of the coupling characteristics of a near-earth cable in the electromagnetic simulation environment; carrying out smoothing processing on dielectric constants and conductivity of each sub-region, eliminating parameter mutation, carrying out fusion processing on the near-earth cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-earth cable-ground simulation scene model, and carrying out irradiation simulation calculation on the near-earth cable-ground simulation scene model by taking an HEMP pulse as an excitation source to obtain a near-earth cable-ground simulation scene model. And the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-earth cable under the HEMP pulse irradiation are obtained, so that the precision and reliability of near-earth cable coupling characteristic calculation are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, and in particular to a method, system, device, medium, and product for analyzing the coupling characteristics of HEMP-irradiated near-ground cables. Background Technology

[0002] High-power electromagnetic pulses (HEMPs), as strong sources of electromagnetic interference, cause intense electromagnetic coupling in near-ground cables due to their high-frequency, strong-field characteristics. This can interfere with or even damage intelligent equipment downstream of the cables (such as relay protection devices in substations and signal processing modules in communication base stations). Therefore, it is necessary to simulate and analyze the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables under HEMP irradiation in order to implement effective protective measures and ensure the safe and stable operation of power and communication systems.

[0003] Currently, in the simulation analysis of the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables under HEMP irradiation, the reflection of HEMP plane waves at the ground boundary will cause time delay and waveform distortion after the peak value. This leads to large deviations in the simulation analysis results of coupling characteristics, low reliability, and difficulty in meeting the engineering-level accuracy requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method, system, device, medium and product for analyzing the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables under HEMP irradiation. It solves the technical problem that in the simulation analysis of the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables under HEMP irradiation, the reflection of HEMP plane waves at the ground boundary will cause time delay and waveform distortion after the peak value. This leads to large deviations in the simulation analysis results of coupling characteristics, low reliability and difficulty in meeting the engineering-grade accuracy requirements.

[0005] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for analyzing the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables subjected to HEMP irradiation, comprising:

[0006] In the electromagnetic simulation environment, a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model are constructed based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located.

[0007] The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0008] The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused together to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model;

[0009] Using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, and employing the excitation source to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model, the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation are obtained.

[0010] Preferably, in the electromagnetic simulation environment, based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located, a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model are constructed respectively, including:

[0011] Based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable, a simulation model of the near-ground cable is constructed in an electromagnetic simulation environment;

[0012] Based on the area and media type distribution of the ground region where the target near-ground cable is located, the initial ground simulation model is constructed in the electromagnetic simulation environment.

[0013] Preferably, the step of dividing the ground region in the initial ground simulation model into multiple sub-regions and smoothing the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region to obtain the ground simulation model includes:

[0014] The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple non-overlapping sub-regions, and the center coordinates, dielectric constant, and conductivity of each sub-region are determined.

[0015] The dielectric constant and conductivity of each pair of adjacent sub-regions are fused using a Gaussian smoothing function to obtain the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity.

[0016] The initial ground simulation model is updated using the fused dielectric constant and the fused conductivity to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0017] Preferably, before fusing the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model, the method further includes:

[0018] In the case where there are embedded metal parts in the sub-region, the metal reflection coefficient is determined based on the wave impedance of the embedded metal parts and the wave impedance of the ground in the sub-region.

[0019] The metal reflection coefficient is set at the location in the ground simulation model corresponding to the sub-region where the metal embedded part exists.

[0020] Preferably, the step of fusing the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model includes:

[0021] Based on the position coordinates of the near-ground cable simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment and the position coordinates of the ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment, the relative positional relationship between the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model is determined.

[0022] Based on the relative positional relationship, the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are spliced ​​and fused to form an initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model;

[0023] Boundary conditions and mesh generation are set for the initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model to obtain the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; wherein, the boundary conditions include setting a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ close to the top of the ground simulation model, where λ is the wavelength of the E1 phase of the HEMP pulse.

[0024] Preferably, in the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model, using a HEMP pulse as the excitation source and employing the excitation source to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation includes:

[0025] Set the excitation parameters for the HEMP pulse in the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model;

[0026] The HEMP pulse with the set excitation parameters is used as the excitation source and applied to the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model.

[0027] Based on the finite-time integral method, the transient high-frequency solver in the CST microwave studio was used to simulate the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model after excitation, and the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including voltage response, current response and electromagnetic field distribution, were obtained.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention also provides a HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis system, comprising:

[0029] The simulation modeling module is used to construct a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model in an electromagnetic simulation environment, based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located.

[0030] The model smoothing module is used to divide the ground region in the initial ground simulation model into multiple sub-regions, and to smooth the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0031] The model fusion module is used to fuse the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model;

[0032] The coupling characteristic simulation module is used to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, and to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

[0033] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an electronic device, the electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by the processor causing the processor to perform the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the first aspect.

[0034] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the first aspect.

[0035] Fifthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein, when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the first aspect.

[0036] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this invention constructs a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model in an electromagnetic simulation environment. The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to eliminate parameter abrupt changes, resulting in a non-uniform ground model that better reflects actual ground conditions. This avoids time delays and post-peak waveform distortion caused by the reflection of HEMP plane waves at the ground boundary. The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are then fused to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model. Using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, irradiation simulation calculations are performed on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation. This significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of near-ground cable coupling characteristic calculations, meeting engineering-level accuracy requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A flowchart of a method for analyzing the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables subjected to HEMP irradiation, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the FIT discretized mesh provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1In the application environment shown, terminal 101 communicates with server 102 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 102 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated onto server 102 or placed on a cloud or other network server. In the electromagnetic simulation environment, terminal 101 or server 102 constructs a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located. The ground area in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to obtain a ground simulation model. The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model. Using a HEMP pulse as the excitation source, the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model is subjected to irradiation simulation calculations to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

[0045] Terminal 101 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

[0046] Server 102 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system consisting of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides cloud computing services.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a method for analyzing the coupling characteristics of near-ground cables subjected to HEMP irradiation, which can be applied to... Figure 1 Taking terminal 101 or server 102 as an example, the explanation includes the following steps S1 to S4. Wherein:

[0048] Step S1: In the electromagnetic simulation environment, based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located, construct the near-ground cable simulation model and the initial ground simulation model respectively.

[0049] The electromagnetic simulation environment can be achieved using the CST (Computer Simulation Technology) microwave studio.

[0050] Near-ground cables are generally cable arrangements where the height of the cable above the ground is less than a certain threshold (e.g., 10 meters). This arrangement is common in practical engineering but is significantly affected by HEMP irradiation. When constructing a simulation model of a near-ground cable, it is necessary to accurately obtain the target near-ground cable's geometric dimensions, material properties, and other structural parameters to ensure that the simulation model can accurately reflect the physical characteristics of the actual cable.

[0051] Meanwhile, by obtaining on-site surveys or engineering CAD drawings, the construction of the initial ground simulation model must fully consider the complex characteristics of the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located, including the size of the ground area and the distribution of different media types in different areas.

[0052] Step S2: Divide the ground region in the initial ground simulation model into multiple sub-regions, and smooth the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0053] Since real-world ground scenarios are generally non-uniform, the dielectric constant and conductivity vary across different regions. This difference affects the propagation of HEMP pulses on the ground and their coupling with near-ground cables. To more accurately simulate this non-uniformity, the ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple non-overlapping sub-regions, each with relatively uniform dielectric constant and conductivity.

[0054] During the subdivision process, the size and shape of the sub-regions need to be reasonably determined based on the distribution of ground medium types. The sub-region dimensions can range from several centimeters to several meters, depending on the severity of ground medium variations and the accuracy requirements of the simulation calculation, such as 1m or 2m, to ensure that the medium properties within each sub-region are relatively consistent. Subsequently, the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to eliminate any abrupt changes that may occur due to sub-region division, thereby obtaining a ground simulation model that more closely matches the actual ground characteristics. This smoothing process effectively improves the accuracy of the simulation and more accurately reflects the propagation process of HEMP pulses in the ground and their coupling effect with near-ground cables.

[0055] Step S3: The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused together to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model.

[0056] By splicing and merging the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model, a complete near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model can be obtained, which can more accurately simulate the actual electromagnetic environment of near-ground cables under HEMP irradiation.

[0057] Step S4: Using HEMP pulse as the excitation source, and using the excitation source to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model, the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation are obtained.

[0058] When using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, it is necessary to accurately set the excitation parameters, such as the pulse rise time and peak field strength. After setting the excitation parameters, the HEMP pulse is applied to the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model. Through simulation calculations, the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under the HEMP pulse can be obtained.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model are constructed in an electromagnetic simulation environment. The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to eliminate parameter abrupt changes, resulting in a non-uniform ground model that better reflects the actual ground conditions. This avoids the time delay and post-peak waveform distortion caused by the reflection of HEMP plane waves at the ground boundary. The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are then fused to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model. Using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, irradiation simulation calculations are performed on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation. This significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the near-ground cable coupling characteristic calculation, meeting engineering-level accuracy requirements.

[0060] In some embodiments, within an electromagnetic simulation environment, a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model are constructed based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located, including:

[0061] Step S101: Construct a near-ground cable simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable.

[0062] The structural parameters of the target near-ground cable include key information such as geometric dimensions and material properties. In the electromagnetic simulation environment, constructing a near-ground cable simulation model based on these precise structural parameters ensures that the model's geometry and physical characteristics match the actual cable height.

[0063] For example, by selecting commonly used cable insulation materials (such as cross-linked polyethylene XLPE, polyvinyl chloride PVC, and silicone rubber), within the temperature range T∈[-40℃~80℃], the dielectric constant and permeability are measured at different temperatures using a vector network analyzer, and the conductivity is measured using a high-resistivity meter. A realistic simulation model of the near-ground cable is constructed by combining its structural parameters with its geometric dimensions (such as cable radius r and cable spacing d).

[0064] Step S102: Based on the area and media type distribution of the ground region where the target near-ground cable is located, construct an initial ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment.

[0065] When constructing the initial ground simulation model, it is essential to comprehensively collect relevant information about the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located. The area size of the ground region is fundamental data, determining the approximate scope of the entire ground simulation model. The distribution of different media types in different regions is even more critical, as different media (such as soil, rock, and concrete) have different dielectric constants and conductivity. These parameters directly affect the propagation characteristics of HEMP pulses on the ground, for example, a 30% concrete region, a 50% soil region, and a 20% gravel region.

[0066] In the electromagnetic simulation environment, an initial ground simulation model is constructed based on the collected information on the area and medium type distribution of the ground region.

[0067] In some embodiments, the ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region are smoothed to obtain the ground simulation model, including:

[0068] Step S201: Divide the ground area in the initial ground simulation model into multiple non-overlapping sub-regions, and determine the center coordinates, dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region.

[0069] Specifically, the ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple non-overlapping sub-regions (S1, S2, ..., S...). N Record the area (A) of each sub-region. i ), center coordinates (x) i ,y i ), medium type, dielectric constant and conductivity.

[0070] Step S202: Use a Gaussian smoothing function to fuse the dielectric constant and conductivity of each pair of adjacent sub-regions to obtain the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity.

[0071] Among them, by using a Gaussian smoothing function to weight and fuse the parameters of adjacent sub-regions, the parameter abrupt changes caused by dividing the sub-regions can be effectively eliminated.

[0072] Specifically, for every two adjacent sub-regions, the dielectric constant and conductivity of the two sub-regions are weighted and averaged using smoothing weights to obtain the fused parameter values. This process can be performed pairwise until all adjacent sub-regions have been fused. After processing with a Gaussian smoothing function, the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region will exhibit a more continuous and smoother variation trend, thus better reflecting the distribution characteristics of the actual ground medium. Specifically, the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity are as follows:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, Let be the coordinates of any point at the boundary of an adjacent sub-region. This is a smoothing coefficient (valued from 0.1 to 0.5m, adjusted according to the size of the sub-region; for example, if the side length of the sub-region is 5m). The value is 0.3m. , ) represents the center coordinates of subregion i, ( , () represents the center coordinates of subregion j. , Let be the dielectric constants of subregions i and j, respectively. For adjacent sub-regions The dielectric constant after fusion at the point, For adjacent sub-regions The conductivity after fusion at the point, , denoted as , where i and j are the electrical conductivities of subregions i and j, respectively.

[0076] Step S203: Update the parameters of the initial ground simulation model using the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0077] By comprehensively updating the initial ground simulation model using the fused, precise parameters, the model can more closely reflect actual ground conditions in key parameters such as dielectric constant and conductivity. The updated model not only eliminates potential parameter abrupt changes caused by simple sub-region division but also, through Gaussian smoothing, ensures more natural and smooth parameter transitions between different sub-regions. This more accurately reflects the non-uniform distribution characteristics of the ground medium, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the simulation results.

[0078] In some embodiments, before fusing the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model, the method further includes:

[0079] Step S51: If there are metal embedded parts in the sub-region, determine the metal reflection coefficient based on the wave impedance of the metal embedded parts and the wave impedance of the ground in the sub-region.

[0080] To confirm the presence of embedded metal components, such as steel structures, in a sub-area based on on-site surveys or engineering CAD drawings, it is necessary to further obtain the wave impedance of the embedded metal component and the wave impedance of the ground in that sub-area. The metal reflection coefficient is a crucial parameter describing the ability of embedded metal components to reflect HEMP pulses; its magnitude depends on the difference between the embedded metal component and the ground wave impedance. By accurately calculating the metal reflection coefficient, the impact of embedded metal components on the propagation of HEMP pulses in the ground and their coupling with near-ground cables can be simulated more precisely. The metal reflection coefficient is:

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, Let be the metallic reflectance coefficient of sub-region i. The wave impedance of the steel structure, Let be the wave impedance of the ground, where , Permeability, is the dielectric constant.

[0083] Step S52: Set the metal reflection coefficient in the ground simulation model at the location corresponding to the sub-region where the metal embedded parts exist.

[0084] By accurately setting the calculated metal reflection coefficient in the sub-regions corresponding to the metal embedded parts in the ground simulation model, the model can more realistically reflect the actual scene. This is because, in the actual ground environment, the presence of metal embedded parts alters the propagation path and characteristics of HEMP pulses. By setting the metal reflection coefficient in the model, the reflection effect of the metal embedded parts on HEMP pulses can be accurately simulated, thereby more precisely simulating the propagation of HEMP pulses on the ground and their coupling process with near-ground cables, improving the accuracy and reliability of the entire near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model.

[0085] In some embodiments, the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model, including:

[0086] Step S301: Determine the relative positional relationship between the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model based on the position coordinates of the near-ground cable simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment and the position coordinates of the ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment.

[0087] In the electromagnetic simulation environment, each model has its specific position coordinates. By obtaining the position coordinates of the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model, their relative positional relationship can be determined. This relative positional relationship is crucial for subsequent fusion processing because it determines the spatial layout of the near-ground cable and the ground in the actual scenario. For example, the near-ground cable may be laid parallel to the ground or at a certain angle; these different layouts will affect the propagation and coupling of HEMP pulses.

[0088] Step S302: Based on the relative positional relationship, the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are spliced ​​and merged to form an initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model.

[0089] When merging the near-ground cable simulation model with the ground simulation model based on their relative positions, it is essential to ensure that the two models correspond accurately in space. For example, if the near-ground cable is laid parallel to the ground, the cable model and the ground model must be aligned horizontally during merging; if the cable is laid at a certain angle, the model must be precisely merged according to that angle.

[0090] Step S303: Set boundary conditions and mesh generation for the initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model to obtain the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; wherein, the boundary conditions include setting a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ above the simulation model close to the ground, where λ is the wavelength of the E1 stage of the HEMP pulse.

[0091] Specifically, when setting boundary conditions, the incident wave parameters for the E1 stage (early stage) of HEMP are set (rise time 2.5ns, fall time 19ns, peak field strength range), and a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ is set above the simulation model close to the ground to cancel the reflection component of the plane wave on the ground in real time.

[0092] The E1 phase (early stage) of a HEMP refers to the extremely short period after its generation, during which the pulse front rises very rapidly, with highly concentrated energy and extremely high intensity. This phase typically lasts from several nanoseconds to tens of nanoseconds. In the E1 phase, the pulse rise time can be as short as about 2.5 ns, and its peak field strength can reach tens of kilovolts per meter or even higher.

[0093] Because the pulse energy release is concentrated and the rise time is short during this phase, it poses a significant threat to electronic equipment and can easily damage sensitive components. In the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model, a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ is placed above the simulation model close to the ground. This is precisely to effectively address the reflection problem caused by the E1 phase pulse of HEMP on the ground. By canceling the reflection component in real time, the accuracy of the simulation scenario model in simulating the actual situation is improved, thereby more accurately obtaining the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

[0094] Meanwhile, the initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model is rationally meshed. The meshing needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the cable geometry. A non-uniform mesh is used in the radial direction (the mesh is fined to λ / 20 on the cable surface and gradually thinned to λ / 5 in the far field), and the axial direction is segmented according to integer multiples of the wavelength to ensure the accuracy of field strength calculation in key areas (such as cable joints and near metal embedded parts).

[0095] In some embodiments, in the near-ground cable-to-ground simulation scenario model, a HEMP pulse is used as the excitation source, and the excitation source is used to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-to-ground simulation scenario model to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including:

[0096] Step S401: Set the excitation parameters of the HEMP pulse in the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model.

[0097] The excitation parameters include the rise time of the pulse and the peak field strength.

[0098] According to the IEC standard, the time-domain waveform expression of the E1 phase of a HEMP pulse can be obtained from the following equation: peak field strength E(t):

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, E0 is the peak field strength, taken as 50 kV / m; α and β are parameters representing the pulse leading edge and trailing edge, taken as 4 × 10⁷ / s and 6 × 10⁸ / s, respectively; k is a correction coefficient. ,in, The value is approximately 1.3. The rise time of the pulse waveform from 10% to 90% is approximately 2.5 ns, and the fall time from the peak to 50% amplitude is approximately 19 ns. The corresponding spectrum expression can be obtained through Fourier transform:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, ω is the angular frequency, and j is the imaginary part in units.

[0103] Step S402: Apply the HEMP pulse with the set excitation parameters as the excitation source to the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model.

[0104] Step S403: Based on the finite-time integral method, the transient high-frequency solver in the CST microwave studio is used to perform simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model after excitation, and the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including voltage response, current response and electromagnetic field distribution, are obtained.

[0105] Among them, the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) provides a general spatial discretization method that is well applicable to solving various electromagnetic problems, from static fields to high-frequency time or frequency fields.

[0106] Unlike the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, FIT discretizes Maxwell's integral equations when solving electromagnetic field problems.

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, For electric flux density, , is the magnetic flux density , is the magnetic flux density The dielectric constant, magnetic permeability, and electrical conductivity of a linear isotropic medium.

[0109] FIT's discretized mesh, such as Figure 3 As shown. Each grid in space contains two dual grids: the primary grid and the dual grid, representing the electric and magnetic field quantities, respectively. The electric field intensity component e... i e l e k e j and magnetic flux b n The magnetic pressure component h is assigned to the main grid. i1 h i2 h i3 h i4 and electric flux d j It is assigned to the dual grid.

[0110] When using the CST microwave studio to solve the problem, in order to make the solution more consistent with the coupling process of cables on an infinitely large ground surface irradiated by HEMP, a PML (Perfectly Matched Layer) boundary was used around the model, while an electric boundary (Et=0) was used on the ground side boundary.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis system for implementing the above-mentioned HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method.

[0112] The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method above, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this application provides a HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis system, including:

[0114] The simulation modeling module 100 is used to construct a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model in an electromagnetic simulation environment, based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located.

[0115] The model smoothing module 200 is used to divide the ground region in the initial ground simulation model into multiple sub-regions and smooth the dielectric constant and conductivity of each sub-region to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0116] The model fusion module 300 is used to fuse the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model.

[0117] The coupling characteristic simulation module 400 is used to perform irradiation simulation calculations on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model using HEMP pulses as the excitation source, and to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

[0118] In some embodiments, the simulation modeling module 100 is used for:

[0119] Based on the structural parameters of the target near-ground cable, a simulation model of the near-ground cable is constructed in an electromagnetic simulation environment;

[0120] Based on the area and media type distribution of the ground region where the target near-ground cable is located, an initial ground simulation model is constructed in the electromagnetic simulation environment.

[0121] In some embodiments, the model smoothing module 200 is used for:

[0122] The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into multiple non-overlapping sub-regions, and the center coordinates, dielectric constant, and conductivity of each sub-region are determined.

[0123] The dielectric constant and conductivity of each pair of adjacent sub-regions are fused using a Gaussian smoothing function to obtain the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity.

[0124] The parameters of the initial ground simulation model are updated using the fused dielectric constant and fused conductivity to obtain the ground simulation model.

[0125] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a metal reflectance setting module, used for:

[0126] When there are embedded metal parts in a sub-region, the metal reflection coefficient is determined based on the wave impedance of the embedded metal parts and the wave impedance of the ground in the sub-region.

[0127] The metal reflection coefficient is set at the location in the ground simulation model corresponding to the sub-region where the metal embedded parts exist.

[0128] In some embodiments, the model fusion module 300 is used for:

[0129] Based on the position coordinates of the near-ground cable simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment and the position coordinates of the ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment, the relative positional relationship between the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model is determined.

[0130] Based on the relative positional relationship, the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are spliced ​​and merged to form an initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model.

[0131] Boundary conditions and mesh generation are set for the initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model to obtain the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model; the boundary conditions include setting a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ above the simulation model close to the ground, where λ is the wavelength of the E1 phase of the HEMP pulse.

[0132] In some embodiments, the coupling characteristic simulation module 400 is used for:

[0133] Set the excitation parameters for the HEMP pulse in the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model;

[0134] The HEMP pulse with the set excitation parameters is used as the excitation source and applied to the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model.

[0135] Based on the finite-time integral method, the transient high-frequency solver in the CST microwave studio was used to simulate the near-ground cable-ground simulation scenario model after excitation, and the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including voltage response, current response and electromagnetic field distribution, were obtained.

[0136] like Figure 5As shown, this application provides an electronic device 10, which includes a memory 20 and a processor 30. The memory 20 stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor 30, the processor 30 performs the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the above embodiment.

[0137] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When the computer program is executed, it implements the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the above embodiments.

[0138] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method as described in the above embodiments.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, and computer program products described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and accompanying drawings of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.

[0141] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0142] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, electronic devices, computer storage media, computer program products, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0143] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0144] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0145] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention through a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media capable of storing program code.

[0146] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of analyzing HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristics, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: In an electromagnetic simulation environment, a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model are respectively constructed according to structure parameters of a target near-ground cable and a ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located; A ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into a plurality of sub-regions, and dielectric constants and conductivities of each of the sub-regions are smoothed to obtain a ground simulation model; The near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; A HEMP pulse is taken as an excitation source, and the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model is irradiated and simulated by using the excitation source to obtain coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of constructing the near-ground cable simulation model and the initial ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment according to the structure parameters of the target near-ground cable and the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located comprises the following steps: The near-ground cable simulation model is constructed in the electromagnetic simulation environment according to the structure parameters of the target near-ground cable; The initial ground simulation model is constructed in the electromagnetic simulation environment according to an area and a medium type distribution of a ground region of the ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of dividing the ground region in the initial ground simulation model into a plurality of sub-regions and smoothing the dielectric constants and the conductivities of each of the sub-regions to obtain the ground simulation model comprises the following steps: The ground region in the initial ground simulation model is divided into a plurality of mutually non-overlapping sub-regions, and center coordinates, dielectric constants and conductivities of each of the sub-regions are determined; Gaussian smoothing functions are adopted to fuse the dielectric constants and the conductivities of each two adjacent sub-regions respectively to obtain fused dielectric constants and fused conductivities; The initial ground simulation model is updated in parameters by using the fused dielectric constants and the fused conductivities to obtain the ground simulation model.

4. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein, Before the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are fused to form the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model, the method further comprises the following steps: In the case that the sub-regions have metal embedded parts, a metal reflection coefficient is determined according to a wave impedance of the metal embedded parts and a wave impedance of a ground of the sub-regions; The metal reflection coefficient is set at a region position in the ground simulation model corresponding to the sub-regions having the metal embedded parts.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of fusing the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model comprises the following steps: A relative position relationship between the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model is determined according to position coordinates of the near-ground cable simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment and position coordinates of the ground simulation model in the electromagnetic simulation environment; Based on the relative position relationship, the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model are spliced and fused to form an initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; Boundary conditions and mesh division are set for the initial near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model to obtain the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; wherein the boundary conditions include setting a compensation layer with a thickness of 0.05λ above the ground simulation model, wherein λ is the wavelength of the E1 stage of the HEMP pulse.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model, the HEMP pulse is taken as an excitation source, and the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model is irradiation simulated and calculated by using the excitation source to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including: An excitation parameter of the HEMP pulse is set in the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; The HEMP pulse with the set excitation parameter is taken as an excitation source acting on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model; Based on the finite integration method in time domain, the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model after excitation is simulated and calculated by using a transient high-frequency solver in a CST microwave studio to obtain the coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation, including voltage response, current response and electromagnetic field distribution.

7. A system for analysis of HEMP irradiated near-ground cable coupling characteristics, comprising: Including: The simulation modeling module is configured to construct a near-ground cable simulation model and an initial ground simulation model in an electromagnetic simulation environment according to structure parameters of a target near-ground cable and a ground scene where the target near-ground cable is located. The model smoothing processing module is configured to divide a ground area in the initial ground simulation model into a plurality of sub-areas, and perform smoothing processing on dielectric constants and conductivities of the sub-areas to obtain a ground simulation model. The model fusion module is configured to fuse the near-ground cable simulation model and the ground simulation model to form a near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model. The coupling characteristic simulation module is configured to take a HEMP pulse as an excitation source, and perform irradiation simulation and calculation on the near-ground cable-ground simulation scene model by using the excitation source to obtain coupling characteristic parameters of the target near-ground cable under HEMP pulse irradiation.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to make the processor execute the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method according to any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed to realize the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the steps of the HEMP irradiation near-ground cable coupling characteristic analysis method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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