Photovoltaic power generation control method, device and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic power generation control method, device and system, it is related to photovoltaic power generation control technical field, the device and system are used to realize the method, the method includes: S1, based on illumination direction, judge whether the angle of photovoltaic panel assembly needs to be adjusted currently, when needing, execute step S2;S2, control system controls servo system action, drives photovoltaic panel assembly to rotate to the angle matched with current sunlight illumination direction around rotation axis;When servo system action, control system controls electromagnetic valve synchronous with servo system action or relative to servo system delay action, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the power mechanism for providing angle posture constraint for photovoltaic panel assembly;When photovoltaic panel assembly rotates to the angle, control system controls electromagnetic valve to close.This scheme is used to realize photovoltaic panel assembly angle control, by using power mechanism to constrain the angle posture of photovoltaic panel assembly, the long-term reliability of servo system can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of control technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation control method, device and system. Background Technology

[0002] The structure of a photovoltaic power generation control method typically includes photovoltaic panel modules, a support system, an inverter, a tracking system, an energy storage device, a grid connection device, and a control system. The tracking system is used to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel modules according to the current position of the sun to ensure power generation efficiency. The angle adjustment mechanism serves as a connector between the photovoltaic panel modules and the support system, and also as an actuator to achieve the angle adjustment.

[0003] In the prior art, regarding the angle adjustment, there is the technical solution provided by patent application number CN202411549748.7. In this solution, a servo motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, thereby causing the connector to generate axial displacement on the threaded rod, thus achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flipping frame structure. In the technical solution provided by patent application number CN202011640614.8, the photovoltaic power generation panel mounting plate is connected to the support pipe through support rails and sliding sleeves. During the lifting and lowering of the threaded shaft, the sliding sleeve slides on the support rails to achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic power generation panel mounting plate.

[0004] Regarding the specific application of the angle adjustment mechanism, in photovoltaic power generation control methods, the photovoltaic panel module and the support system are connected through the angle adjustment mechanism. The angle adjustment mechanism can use a servo system as a power source. The servo system is used to drive the photovoltaic panel module to rotate relative to the support system. The servo system includes a servo motor and a self-locking device. The self-locking device is used to realize the power-off self-locking function of the servo motor. The self-locking device is usually divided into mechanical devices and electronic devices. The typical application of the mechanical device is an electromagnetic brake. When the servo motor is powered on, the coil of the electromagnetic brake is energized, and the brake pads of the brake release the motor shaft (or brake disc), allowing the motor shaft to rotate. When the servo motor is de-energized, the spring acts on the brake pads and causes the brake pads to press against the motor shaft (or brake disc), and the motor shaft rotation is locked by friction. The principle of the electronic device is to realize self-locking by using electromagnetic characteristics. Generally, the magnetic field generated by the motor windings / the residual magnetism on the motor shaft is used to realize the motor shaft rotation locking. It is limited to temporary locking, so it is generally not used in photovoltaic power generation control methods.

[0005] Meanwhile, given the outdoor installation characteristics of photovoltaic modules, they will be subjected to wind loads and snow loads during use. Existing technologies have adopted damping devices to reduce the stress on the angle adjustment mechanism under these loads in order to maintain the long-term reliability of the photovoltaic power generation control method. The specific technical solution is the one provided by patent application number CN202121185047.1.

[0006] Photovoltaic power generation control methods have unique advantages in terms of economy, society and environment. Further development of photovoltaic power generation technology will undoubtedly have a positive impact on the green development of society. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues concerning the further development of photovoltaic power generation technology, this invention provides a photovoltaic power generation control method, device, and system. This solution is used to achieve angle control of photovoltaic panel components. By employing an assist mechanism to constrain the angle and attitude of the photovoltaic panel components, the long-term reliability of the servo system can be effectively guaranteed.

[0008] To address the above problems, the photovoltaic power generation control method, device, and system provided by this invention solve the problems through the following technical points: The photovoltaic power generation control method includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Obtain the direction of sunlight based on the tracking system, and determine whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted through the control system. When the angle needs to be adjusted, execute step S2.

[0010] S2. The control system controls the servo system to move, and the servo system drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the axis to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0011] When the servo system is activated, the control system controls the solenoid valve to operate synchronously with the servo system or with a delayed operation relative to the servo system. The solenoid valve is installed on the assist mechanism that provides angular attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel module. The assist mechanism includes a cylinder body as a hydraulic cylinder and a piston assembly built into the cylinder body. The solenoid valve is connected in series on the conduction pipe, which connects the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly in the cylinder body.

[0012] The solenoid valve operates by opening the solenoid valve through electromagnetic force, thereby keeping the conductive tube connected to the cavity.

[0013] The delayed action is as follows: the action of the solenoid valve is delayed relative to the action of the servo system, and before the solenoid valve is activated, the energy output by the servo system is stored through the energy storage element. After the solenoid valve is activated, the energy storage element releases the energy to drive the photovoltaic panel module to rotate around the axis.

[0014] When the photovoltaic panel module rotates to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight, the control system controls the solenoid valve to close, keeping the conductor in a cut-off state.

[0015] This solution addresses the following characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) panel applications: In existing technologies, servo systems employing mechanical self-locking devices are commonly used to drive PV panel angle adjustments. However, PV power generation systems are used outdoors and face various weather conditions, including wind, rain, and snow. After the servo system adjusts the PV panel to the required angle, it typically relies on a mechanical self-locking device to lock the angle. The wind load / snow gravity applied to the PV panel affects the servo system, including the potential for wind load to cause slippage between the brake pads and the motor shaft, accelerating wear on the locking mating surfaces. Damage can cause the servo system to lose its reliable locking effect in a short period of time. At the same time, the transmission components of the servo system may also fail due to fatigue failure or static load failure under alternating loads (mainly gust wind loads) and static loads (snow loads). Using the servo system as a power source and implementing transmission based on existing technologies such as threaded rods and sliding rails can effectively reduce the locking load of the servo system. However, in such applications, the threaded rods and sliding rails connected to the servo system are exposed components in the environment. When facing wind and sand erosion, the outdoor use characteristics require frequent maintenance of the corresponding components.

[0016] Based on the above, this solution provides a method that uses a cylinder as a hydraulic cylinder to constrain the photovoltaic panel components with hydraulic assistance, thereby optimizing the force on the servo system and achieving the purpose of protecting the servo system and ensuring its long-term reliability. At the same time, considering the outdoor use characteristics of photovoltaic power generation systems, an assist mechanism that can reduce the outdoor exposure of the motion mechanism and has a simple structure is adopted, providing a technical solution that is beneficial to the overall reliability of the system.

[0017] Specifically, in this solution, the servo system serves as the power system for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel module. The angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel module is achieved by rotating around a pivot on the support system. The assist system serves as a constraint mechanism to maintain the angle and attitude of the photovoltaic panel module after its angle has stabilized. When the angle of the photovoltaic panel module needs to be adjusted via the servo system, the solenoid valve is opened by electromagnetic force (e.g., using a normally closed solenoid valve when power is off), keeping the connecting pipe open to the cavity. That is, at this time, the two ports of the connecting pipe are open, and the hydraulic oil in the two closed cavities on both sides of the piston assembly can flow between them through the connecting pipe. When the photovoltaic panel module flips, the assist mechanism (as shown in the following assembly) establishes a hinged connection with the photovoltaic panel module and the support system at both ends through connecting plates, enabling the assist mechanism to rotate around the corresponding hinge axis and allowing the piston assembly to slide within the cylinder. Therefore, under the action of the servo system, the assist mechanism, through flipping and extending / retracting, does not prevent the photovoltaic panel module from rotating to achieve angle adjustment. That is, when the solenoid valve is open, the guide pipe, by acting as the two cavities on both sides of the piston assembly in the cylinder, enables the assist mechanism to extend, retract, and flip, allowing the photovoltaic panel module to change angle under the action of the servo system. When the photovoltaic panel module rotates to the correct position, the solenoid valve closes (using a solenoid valve that closes under spring force after power failure). At this time, the guide pipe is cut off by the solenoid valve. Since the hydraulic oil in the two closed cavities cannot flow to each other, the assembly forms a rigid structure. At this time, the photovoltaic panel module, the support system, and the assist mechanism form a three-bar linkage. When the photovoltaic panel module is subjected to wind load and snow load, the assist mechanism can effectively reduce the force on the self-locking device on the servo system, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the servo system.

[0018] Meanwhile, the control of the assist mechanism only involves the control of the solenoid valve. The assist mechanism moves under the action of the servo system. For outdoor use and maintenance, the only objects that need to be focused on on the assist mechanism are the mating surfaces of the piston rod and the cylinder end. There are no plastic or rubber parts that are directly exposed outdoors. Therefore, this solution also has the characteristics of simple structure, simple control logic and reliable performance.

[0019] Meanwhile, by using the assist mechanism to reduce the force on the servo system during the angle maintenance of the photovoltaic panel, the servo system can be configured to include a servo motor and a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is a gear reduction structure installed in a gearbox. The output end of the servo motor is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism acts directly on the rotating shaft through gear transmission. Therefore, the force angle is locked by the servo system, and a stable three-bar stabilization system is formed after the assist mechanism is adopted. In this solution, the servo system drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the rotating shaft by directly loading the driving force onto the rotating shaft. This structure is not only small in size, but also avoids the use of threaded rod transmission, sliding rail, and other structures. During outdoor use, since there are no exposed parts such as threaded rods and sliding rails, this photovoltaic power generation system layout can effectively reduce maintenance and protection requirements.

[0020] More specifically, step S1 is used to determine whether angle adjustment is needed, and step S2 is used to perform the angle adjustment action. When angle adjustment is needed, it is determined whether the solenoid valve needs to be synchronized with the servo system. The determination is based on whether there is snow on the photovoltaic panel that needs to be shaken off. If there is snow that needs to be shaken off, a delayed action is performed (the solenoid valve action is delayed relative to the servo system action). Otherwise, a synchronized action is performed (the solenoid valve action is synchronized with the servo system action). Then, the solenoid valve opening timing is controlled by the control system to achieve the corresponding synchronized action or delayed action. When the action is synchronous, the servo system adjusts the assist mechanism to a retractable state via the solenoid valve. In this state, the assist mechanism does not obstruct the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel. After the angle adjustment is complete, the solenoid valve closes, and the assist mechanism maintains the angle and posture of the photovoltaic panel. When the action is delayed, a preferred application is to use a storage spring (an energy storage element) to store energy when the servo system is active and the assist mechanism is a rigid structure. This stored energy is then released instantaneously after the solenoid valve opens, forcing the photovoltaic panel to shake off the snow. In the absence of the storage spring, the overload capacity of the servo motor in the servo system can be utilized within a reasonable range to induce a stall process. When the solenoid valve opens, the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly in the cylinder are connected via a connecting pipe. In this state, the braking force of the assist mechanism on the photovoltaic panel is released, and the servo motor can instantly output maximum torque to the photovoltaic panel, causing a sudden and intense shaking action to help shake off the snow.

[0021] For applications where a storage spring is connected in series on the rotating shaft, monitoring the rotation angle of the servo system cannot accurately obtain the actual angle of the photovoltaic panel. Therefore, the better application is to directly monitor the angle of the photovoltaic panel. When the angle is the required angle, the servo system and the solenoid valve are simultaneously shut down.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, the method by which the tracking system obtains the direction of sunlight illumination is as follows: based on the photosensitive sensor to identify the difference in light intensity in different directions, the direction of sunlight illumination is obtained;

[0023] Before executing step S2, the snow cover status on the photovoltaic panel is determined. When the determination result is no snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve to act synchronously with the servo system. The servo system drives the rotating shaft to rotate continuously in one direction, adjusting the photovoltaic panel to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0024] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve to delay its action relative to the servo system.

[0025] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the dry and wet classification of the snow covering the photovoltaic panel is identified before the servo system takes action;

[0026] When the snow is dry, the control system controls the servo system to operate immediately.

[0027] When the snow is wet, the control system controls the servo system to operate after the snow is heated by the electric heating wires on the surface of the photovoltaic panel.

[0028] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the servo system first drives the photovoltaic panel to perform a snow shaking action, and then adjusts the photovoltaic panel to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0029] The above solution provides a specific method for implementing a tracking system. Unlike methods based on a built-in solar trajectory model and the current solar position obtained from that model, the photosensitive sensor identification method not only simplifies the control system but also provides more accurate information about the current direction of sunlight. For those skilled in the art, "no snow cover" refers to a defined state where the photovoltaic panel is completely free of snow, eliminating the need for snow-shaking. Alternatively, it can refer to a situation where, in snowy weather, the snow thickness is thin, and to reduce servo system power consumption and protect the system, the system is considered to be free of snow when the snow thickness has not reached a set thickness. In this case, the angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by synchronous movement to reduce the frequency of snow-shaking.

[0030] When it is determined that there is snow cover, further methods such as environmental temperature and humidity prediction, snow gravity measurement, and image feature recognition are used to determine the dryness or wetness of the snow. For dry snow that is easy to shake off, the energy output by the servo system is used to shake off the snow immediately. For wet snow that is not easy to shake off, the snow is heated by an electric heating wire before the servo system performs the action.

[0031] After the snow-shaking action is completed, the effect of snow-shaking can be further judged by automatic detection technology or human identification. If it is determined that the snow on the photovoltaic panel module still cannot be removed after performing the snow-shaking action once or after a set number of times, the system outputs a snow removal warning message to guide the use of manual cleaning methods to carry out the necessary snow and ice removal work.

[0032] For photovoltaic (PV) panel angle adjustments that do not require snow removal, a single-direction continuous rotation is sufficient to adjust the angle to the desired level. For PV panel angle adjustments that require snow removal, the snow removal action can be achieved either by rotating the shaft in the opposite direction to the direction required to adjust the angle to match the current sunlight direction (this opposite direction is used relative to the current PV panel angle, increasing the PV panel angle to facilitate snow removal, and this rotation direction is opposite to the direction of shaft rotation required to adjust the angle to match the current sunlight direction), or by rotating in the same direction (the rotation direction is...). When adjusting to the same direction as the current direction of sunlight, since the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel is generally small (can be set to be adjusted once every 30 minutes), in order to ensure the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel to ensure the snow shaking effect, the snow shaking action can be that the angle of the photovoltaic panel is over-adjusted after the action is executed. While keeping the solenoid valve open, the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the angle matching the current direction of sunlight by rotating the photovoltaic panel through the servo system. When it is the opposite direction, the photovoltaic panel can also be adjusted to the required angle by adjusting the rotation shaft angle multiple times.

[0033] The above solutions differentiate control strategies based on the snow cover and snow classification on the photovoltaic panels, and execute different actions in different scenarios to avoid affecting the lifespan of the device and system when the control device performs useless actions and to avoid unnecessary power consumption.

[0034] This solution also relates to a photovoltaic power generation control device, which is used to implement the method described in any of the above embodiments, the control device comprising:

[0035] A tracking system used to determine the direction of sunlight.

[0036] The control system, based on the results obtained by the tracking system, determines whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel module needs to be adjusted. When it is determined that the angle needs to be adjusted, the control system is activated.

[0037] A servo system is used to drive the photovoltaic panel module to rotate around the rotating shaft.

[0038] The assist mechanism, used to provide angular attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel module, includes a cylinder body as a hydraulic cylinder, a piston assembly built into the cylinder body, a solenoid valve connected in series on a guide pipe, the guide pipe connecting the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly in the cylinder body, the cylinder body and the piston rod connected to the piston assembly to form an assembly, and connecting plates are provided at both ends of the assembly. The connecting plate at one end of the assembly is used for hinged connection with the photovoltaic panel module, and the connecting plate at the other end of the assembly is used for hinged connection with the support system of the photovoltaic panel module. The hinge axes used for the hinge connections are all parallel to the rotation axis.

[0039] The energy storage element is used to store the energy output by the servo system. After the solenoid valve is activated, the energy storage element releases the energy to drive the photovoltaic panel module to rotate around the axis.

[0040] In the above scheme, the connecting plate is used to connect the assist mechanism with the photovoltaic panel module and the support system. Both ends of the conduction pipe are connected to the cylinder body. One end of the conduction pipe is connected to a cavity on one side of the piston assembly on the cylinder body, and the other end of the conduction pipe is connected to a cavity on the other side of the piston assembly on the rod body. As those skilled in the art, the protection scope of the above control device should be understood to not include the photovoltaic panel module.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the cylinder body, piston rod, and piston assembly can be constructed using existing hydraulic cylinder mechanisms. Specifically, connecting plates are installed at both ends of the cylinder body away from the piston rod and at both ends of the piston rod away from the cylinder body to meet the requirements of the hinged connection. Preferably, since the assembly will experience a certain lateral force during use, and the piston rod and the end of the cylinder body need to establish a sealed fit to form a closed cavity near the piston rod, a guide sleeve with a length greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the piston rod is provided at the end of the cylinder body. The guide sleeve is configured with bearing bushes at both ends to support the piston rod, and multiple elastic sealing rings are provided between the two ends of the guide sleeve to seal the hydraulic oil in the cylinder body.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, due to hydraulic oil leakage, air bubbles may form in the cylinder and the guide pipe. To avoid these air bubbles affecting the rigidity of the assembly when the solenoid valve is closed, ultimately causing the photovoltaic panel module to shake slightly, the assist mechanism is equipped with an exhaust device to expel the air bubbles, or a monitoring device for monitoring the shaking of the photovoltaic panel module is configured. After the monitoring device detects the shaking, the control system issues a warning signal to prompt the assist mechanism to be replaced or maintained.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, both ends of the piston assembly are fixed with support rings coaxial with the piston assembly. The support ring includes a ring seat and a plurality of support pads. The support pads are all located outside the ring seat and are connected to the ring seat through elastic plates. The support pads are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the ring seat.

[0044] The axes of the support pads are all coaxial with the axis of the piston rod, and the outer surface of the support pads is an arc-shaped surface that fits into the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0045] The elastic plate in a free state constrains the support tiles such that the outer surfaces of each support tile are located on the same cylindrical surface, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder.

[0046] In the above-mentioned assist mechanism, when the solenoid valve is opened, the assembly expands and contracts under the action of the servo system, and the assist mechanism is maintained as a rigid structure, the piston assembly may be subjected to a certain lateral force. The uneven wear and uneven compression caused by the lateral force on the piston assembly may result in a decrease in the sealing performance and a reduction in the effective life of the piston assembly. Based on the above, a piston assembly including a piston assembly and a piston assembly with support rings at both ends of the piston assembly is provided.

[0047] Specifically, the piston assembly includes an assembly body and a sealing ring mounted on the assembly body. The sealing ring serves as an isolation and sealing structure for the cavity, and the support ring serves as a support structure at both ends of the piston assembly. Specifically, it forms supports on both sides of the piston assembly to maintain the coaxiality of the cylinder and the piston rod, optimize the fitting accuracy and contact force between the piston rod and the guide sleeve under lateral force, reduce the uneven force distribution of the piston assembly in the circumferential direction under lateral force, ensure the sealing reliability and sealing life of the piston assembly position, and avoid internal leakage that could affect the rigidity of the assembly.

[0048] In the above scheme, a support tile whose shape matches the inner wall of the cylinder is used as the contact element between the support ring and the inner wall of the cylinder. The support tile is connected to the ring seat through an elastic plate. The aim is to ensure the contact quality between the support ring and the cylinder by utilizing the elastic deformation of the elastic plate. The outer surfaces of the support tiles are located on the same cylindrical surface, that is, the outer surfaces of each support tile are located on the cylindrical surface that contacts the inner wall of the cylinder. When all elastic plates are in a free state, the axes of the cylindrical surface and the cylinder are collinear. In specific implementation, the component body and the ring seat are an integrated columnar structure. The diameter of the component body is larger than the diameter of the ring seat. The component body has multiple sealing rings. Each support ring has three support tiles evenly arranged around the ring seat. Each support tile is connected to the ring seat through an elastic plate stacked relative to the support tile.

[0049] Compared to using a guide sleeve at the end of the cylinder to solve the lateral force problem, since the support ring is always located in the cylinder, its friction surface does not experience the abrasive wear that is present at the piston rod and guide sleeve mating position. Therefore, placing the support ring at the piston assembly position is more suitable than placing it at the guide sleeve position. At the same time, when the assembly is under tension, the sealing reliability of the piston assembly directly affects whether leakage will occur at the piston rod extension position on the cylinder. The good sealing reliability of the piston assembly allows the cylinder to avoid piston rod displacement and oil leakage at the piston rod and cylinder mating position under tension by using the hydraulic force generated by the cavity away from the piston rod.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, the servo system includes a servo motor and a transmission mechanism. The servo motor is fixed on the support system and is connected to the middle of the rotating shaft through the transmission mechanism. Each end of the rotating shaft is provided with a support seat, and each support seat is provided with a bearing assembly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0051] Connecting seats are fixed on the rotating shafts on both sides of the transmission mechanism. The connecting seats are configured such that the photovoltaic panel module is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through the connecting seats. The connecting seats include a hoop and a fastening bolt. The hoop is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the fastening bolt is used to achieve anti-rotation locking of the hoop relative to the rotating shaft.

[0052] Both sides of the transmission mechanism have a storage spring connected in series on the rotating shafts located inside the connecting seat.

[0053] The above components provide a specific implementation of a servo system and a connection method for photovoltaic (PV) panels. Specifically, the power output from the servo motor is loaded onto the middle of the rotating shaft via a transmission mechanism. The rotating shaft is rotatably supported on a support base via a bearing assembly. The PV panel is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and each rotating shaft has a storage spring connected in series inside the connection base, serving as an energy storage element. This solution is designed for use in snow removal operations on PV panels: when weather data, photoelectric conversion index, and device detection indicate snow accumulation on the PV panel, the servo system is activated while the solenoid valve remains closed. At this time, it is a newly activated servo system. The assist mechanism of the rigid structure constrains the photovoltaic panel assembly to prevent rotation. The energy output by the servo system is stored in the storage spring. A preferred application of the servo system is to rotate in the direction that increases the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly, and then open the solenoid valve. At this point, the assist mechanism changes from a rigid structure to a retractable structure, and the photovoltaic panel assembly becomes flip-able. The storage spring releases energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly to rotate. Compared to directly using the servo system to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly, this solution utilizes the energy stored in the storage spring to increase the acceleration of the photovoltaic panel assembly's rotation and the rotation angle per unit time, thus facilitating the shaking off of snow from the photovoltaic panel assembly. Simultaneously, this solution is a method of directly driving the shaft rotation with a servo system, resulting in a small transmission mechanism and minimal or no outdoor exposure of transmission components. A preferred application is a gear reducer connected to the shaft via gear transmission.

[0054] The above provides a specific implementation of the servo system and a connection method for the photovoltaic panel module. This solution adopts the connection base implementation provided above, which aims to facilitate the adjustment of the photovoltaic panel module angle during the assembly and debugging stage. In this stage, the solenoid valve is opened, making the assembly a rod structure with an adjustable length. After the hoop is sleeved on the rotating shaft (third shaft section), the initial installation angle of the photovoltaic panel module is adjusted by rotating the hoop relative to the rotating shaft. After the angle adjustment is completed, the fastening bolt is tightened to complete the connection between the servo system and the photovoltaic panel module.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the rotating shaft on each side of the transmission mechanism includes a first shaft segment, a second shaft segment, and a third shaft segment;

[0056] The first shaft segment is connected to the transmission mechanism, the third shaft segment is connected to the bearing assembly, and the energy storage spring is connected in series between the first shaft segment and the third shaft segment. The first shaft segment and the third shaft segment are connected by a second shaft segment.

[0057] The above describes a method for implementing a transmission mechanism. Specifically, the servo system transmits torque to the first shaft segment through the transmission mechanism. When the assist mechanism is in the closed state of the solenoid valve, the third shaft segment is locked under the action of the assist mechanism. The first and third shaft segments rotate relative to each other. The energy storage spring stores energy. When the solenoid valve is opened, the energy of the energy storage spring drives the photovoltaic panel to rotate through the third shaft segment to shake off the snow accumulated on the photovoltaic panel. After the snow is shaken off, the servo system adjusts the photovoltaic panel to the required angle while keeping the solenoid valve open, and then closes the solenoid valve to maintain the angle of the photovoltaic panel using the assist mechanism. The second shaft segment is used to connect the first and third shaft segments in series, so that the first and third shaft segments can rotate relative to each other, while constraining the rotating shaft to keep it coaxial, thereby optimizing the force on the bearing assembly. Meanwhile, in this implementation, since the first and third shaft segments can rotate relative to each other, when the hydraulic oil leaks in the assist mechanism or the length of the assembly is unstable when the solenoid valve is closed, the wind load and snow load loaded on the photovoltaic panel can still force the photovoltaic panel to swing under the forced torsion of the storage spring, provided that the self-locking device on the servo system can lock the first shaft segment normally. Therefore, this application monitors the stability of the photovoltaic panel during the angle holding process through the monitoring device, which can be used to determine whether the assist mechanism can work reliably. After a problem is found, it can be resolved as soon as possible, which can effectively prevent the self-locking device on the servo system from being damaged due to long-term excessive force under such circumstances.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, the second shaft segment is an integral structure with one of the first and third shaft segments, and is rotatably connected to the other through a hole. The energy storage spring undergoes a certain degree of length change during torsional energy storage and release. To ensure the sway amplitude of the photovoltaic panel module during snowfall, it is preferably configured such that one end of the energy storage spring (which is a helical spring) is fixedly connected to one of the two segments, and the other end is slidably connected to the other segment via a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve forms a spline connection with the other segment, aiming to transmit torque using the spline connection and allow the sliding sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the other segment to accommodate the length change of the energy storage spring. For example, the second shaft segment is an integral structure with the first shaft segment, the outer end of the second shaft segment is inserted into a hole inside the third shaft segment, the inner end of the energy storage spring is fixedly connected to the first shaft segment, and the outer end of the energy storage spring forms a spline connection with the third shaft segment via a sliding sleeve. For the first shaft segment on each side of the transmission mechanism, the same first shaft segment can be used, such as the first shaft segment passing through the transmission mechanism, and the middle of the first shaft segment having a gear that meshes with the transmission mechanism.

[0059] In one specific embodiment, a monitoring device is also included for monitoring the vibration of the photovoltaic panel module. As described above, the monitoring device is used to monitor the vibration of the photovoltaic panel module during the angle maintenance process. When the monitoring result indicates that the photovoltaic panel module is malfunctioning and swaying, it can be used to determine the reliability of the assist mechanism, so as to remind maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the failure of the assist mechanism as soon as possible.

[0060] In one specific embodiment, the rotating shaft is disposed at the middle of the photovoltaic panel module along its length, and the axis of the rotating shaft extends along the width of the photovoltaic panel module.

[0061] The photovoltaic panel module is equipped with assist mechanisms at both ends along its length.

[0062] The above describes an installation method for a servo system and a photovoltaic (PV) panel, designed to adapt to existing PV panels, which are generally rectangular in structure. A pivot is positioned at the midpoint of the PV panel's length, providing a relatively balanced weight distribution on both sides of the pivot. This reduces the power requirements of the servo system when adjusting the PV panel's angle. The assist mechanisms located at both ends of the PV panel's length not only optimize the stability of the PV panel during angle maintenance but also reduce the swing amplitude caused by insufficient stiffness of the assist mechanism, thus maximizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the PV panel.

[0063] A more specific technical solution is as follows: the support system includes a top frame and multiple legs supporting the top frame, and the connection positions of the assist mechanism and the support seat on the support system are both located on the top frame;

[0064] The length of each leg is adjustable.

[0065] The above provides a specific implementation method for a support system. Multiple legs are used to ensure the stability of the top frame support. The length of the legs is adjustable to adapt to uneven installation ground, so as to facilitate the installation of the top frame at the required angle.

[0066] In one specific implementation, the outrigger is configured as a telescopic rod structure. During installation, when the top frame is supported to the required angle (such as horizontal) using multiple lifting devices, the telescopic position of the telescopic rod structure in this state is welded to fix the length of the outrigger. After welding is completed, the lifting devices are disassembled.

[0067] This solution also relates to a photovoltaic power generation system, including photovoltaic panel modules, and a control device as described in any of the above;

[0068] The photovoltaic panel assembly is fixed on the rotating shaft;

[0069] The connecting plate at one end of the assembly is hinged to the photovoltaic panel module, and the connecting plate at the other end of the assembly is hinged to the support system of the photovoltaic panel module.

[0070] The above describes a photovoltaic power generation system using the aforementioned control device.

[0071] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] This solution provides a photovoltaic power generation control method based on a cylinder body acting as a hydraulic cylinder. A piston assembly is locked within the cylinder body by a solenoid valve, allowing for hydraulic assistance in constraining the angle and attitude of the photovoltaic panel assembly. This optimizes the force on the servo system, protecting it and ensuring its long-term reliability. Furthermore, considering the outdoor use characteristics of photovoltaic power generation systems, this solution employs an auxiliary mechanism that reduces the outdoor exposure of the moving parts and has a simple structure, providing a technical solution that benefits both the control device and the reliability of the photovoltaic power generation system. Attached Figure Description

[0073] Figure 1 This is a side view of a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system described in this solution;

[0074] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram illustrating the servo system, the rotating shaft structure, and their connection relationship in a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system described in this solution.

[0075] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assist mechanism in a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system described in this solution;

[0076] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring structure in a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system described in this solution;

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston assembly in a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation system described in this solution;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a control flowchart of a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic power generation control method described in this solution.

[0079] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Photovoltaic panel assembly; 2. Assist mechanism; 21. Connecting plate; 22. Cylinder; 23. Conductor pipe; 24. Solenoid valve; 25. Guide sleeve; 26. Piston rod; 27. Ring seat; 28. Elastic plate; 29. ​​Support tile; 210. Piston assembly; 3. Top frame; 4. Support leg; 5. Servo system; 51. Transmission mechanism; 52. Servo motor; 6. Support seat; 7. Rotating shaft; 71. First shaft segment; 72. Second shaft segment; 73. Third shaft segment; 8. Energy storage spring; 9. Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0080] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments:

[0081] Example 1:

[0082] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a photovoltaic power generation control method includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. Obtain the direction of sunlight based on the tracking system, and determine whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel component 1 needs to be adjusted through the control system. When the angle needs to be adjusted, execute step S2.

[0084] S2. The control system controls the servo system 5 to move, and the servo system 5 drives the photovoltaic panel module 1 to rotate around the rotating shaft 7 to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0085] When the servo system 5 is activated, the control system controls the solenoid valve 24 to activate synchronously with the servo system 5 or to activate with a delay relative to the servo system 5. The solenoid valve 24 is installed on the assist mechanism 2 that provides angular attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The assist mechanism 2 includes a cylinder body 22 as a hydraulic cylinder and a piston assembly 210 built into the cylinder body 22. The solenoid valve 24 is connected in series on the conduction pipe 23, and the conduction pipe 23 connects the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly 210 in the cylinder body 22.

[0086] The solenoid valve 24 operates by being driven to open by electromagnetic force, so that the conductive tube 23 remains in a state of conducting the cavity.

[0087] The delayed action is as follows: the action of the solenoid valve 24 is delayed relative to the action of the servo system 5. Before the solenoid valve 24 is activated, the energy output by the servo system 5 is stored through the energy storage element. After the solenoid valve 24 is activated, the energy storage element releases the energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to rotate around the shaft 7.

[0088] When the photovoltaic panel 1 rotates to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight, the control system controls the solenoid valve 24 to close, keeping the conductor 23 in a cut-off state.

[0089] This solution addresses the following characteristics of photovoltaic panel module 1: In existing technologies, servo systems 5 employing mechanical self-locking devices are commonly used to drive angle adjustments of photovoltaic panel module 1. However, photovoltaic power generation systems are used outdoors and face various weather conditions, including windy, rainy, and snowy weather. After the servo system 5 adjusts the photovoltaic panel module 1 to the required angle, it typically relies on the mechanical self-locking device on the servo system 5 to lock the angle of the photovoltaic panel module 1. The wind load / snow gravity applied to the photovoltaic panel module 1 affects the servo system 5. Wind load may cause slippage between the brake pads and the motor shaft, accelerating the locking of the mating surfaces. Wear and tear can cause the servo system 5 to lose its reliable locking effect in a short period of time. At the same time, the transmission components of the servo system 5 may also fail due to fatigue failure or static load failure under alternating loads (mainly gust wind loads) and static loads (snow loads). Using the servo system 5 as a power source and implementing transmission based on existing technologies such as threaded rods and sliding rails can effectively reduce the locking load of the servo system 5. However, in such applications, the threaded rods and sliding rails connected to the servo system 5 are exposed components in the environment. When facing wind and sand erosion, the outdoor use characteristics require frequent maintenance of the corresponding components.

[0090] Based on the above, this solution provides a method that uses the cylinder 22 as a hydraulic cylinder to constrain the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 with hydraulic assistance, thereby optimizing the force on the servo system 5 and achieving the purpose of protecting the servo system 5 and ensuring its long-term reliability. At the same time, considering the outdoor use characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation system, an assist mechanism 2 with a simple structure that can reduce the outdoor exposure of the motion mechanism is adopted, providing a technical solution that is beneficial to the overall reliability of the system.

[0091] Specifically, in this solution, the servo system 5 serves as the power system for adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is achieved by rotating around the pivot 7 on the support system. The assist system serves as a constraint mechanism to maintain the angle and attitude of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 after its angle is stabilized. When the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 needs to be adjusted by the servo system 5, the solenoid valve 24 is opened by electromagnetic force (e.g., a normally closed solenoid valve 24 is used when power is off), keeping the connecting pipe 23 connected to the cavity. That is, at this time, the two ports of the connecting pipe 23 are connected, and the hydraulic oil in the two closed cavities on both sides of the piston assembly 210 can flow to each other through the connecting pipe 23. When the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is flipped, the assist mechanism 2 (as shown in the following assembly) establishes a hinged connection with the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 and the support system at both ends through the connecting plate 21, so that the assist mechanism 2 can rotate around the corresponding hinge axis and the piston assembly 210 can slide in the cylinder 22. Therefore, under the action of the servo system 5, the assist mechanism 2, through flipping and extending, does not prevent the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 from rotating to achieve angle adjustment. That is, when the solenoid valve 24 is opened, the guide pipe 23, by utilizing the function of the two cavities on both sides of the piston assembly 210 in the guide cylinder 22, enables the assist mechanism 2 to extend, extend, and flip, allowing the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to change angle under the action of the servo system 5. When the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 rotates to the position, the solenoid valve 24 is closed (using a solenoid valve 24 that closes under spring force after power failure). At this time, the guide pipe 23 is cut off by the solenoid valve 24. Since the hydraulic oil in the two closed cavities cannot flow to each other, the assembly forms a rigid structure. At this time, the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, the support system, and the assist mechanism 2 form a three-bar linkage. When the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is subjected to wind load and snow load, the assist mechanism 2 can effectively reduce the force on the self-locking device on the servo system 5, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the servo system 5.

[0092] Meanwhile, the control of the assist mechanism 2 only involves the control of the solenoid valve 24. The action of the assist mechanism 2 is performed under the action of the servo system 5. For outdoor use and maintenance, the only objects that need to be focused on on the assist mechanism 2 are the mating surfaces of the piston rod 26 and the cylinder 22. There are no plastic or rubber parts that are directly exposed outdoors. Therefore, this solution also has the characteristics of simple structure, simple control logic and reliable performance.

[0093] Meanwhile, by using the assist mechanism 2 to reduce the force on the servo system 5 during the angle maintenance process of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, the servo system 5 can be configured to include a servo motor 52 and a transmission mechanism 51. The transmission mechanism 51 is a gear reduction structure installed in a gearbox. The output end of the servo motor 52 is connected to the transmission mechanism 51. The transmission mechanism 51 acts directly on the rotating shaft 7 through gear transmission. Therefore, the servo system 5 locks the force angle, and a stable three-bar stabilization system is formed after using the assist mechanism 2. In this scheme, the servo system 5 drives the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to rotate around the rotating shaft 7 by directly loading the driving force onto the rotating shaft 7. This structure is not only small in size, but also avoids the use of threaded rod transmission, sliding rail and other structures. During outdoor use, since there are no exposed parts such as threaded rods and sliding rails, this photovoltaic power generation system layout can effectively reduce maintenance and protection requirements.

[0094] More specifically, step S1 is used to determine whether angle adjustment is needed, and step S2 is used to perform the angle adjustment action. When angle adjustment is needed, it is determined whether the solenoid valve 24 needs to be synchronized with the servo system 5. The determination is based on whether there is snow on the photovoltaic panel 1 that needs to be shaken off. If there is snow that needs to be shaken off, a delayed action is performed (the action of the solenoid valve 24 is delayed relative to the action of the servo system 5). Otherwise, a synchronous action is performed (the solenoid valve 24 is synchronized with the action of the servo system 5). Then, the solenoid valve 24 is opened at the right time by the control system to achieve the corresponding synchronous action or delayed action. When the action is synchronous, the servo system 5 adjusts the assist mechanism 2 to a retractable state via the solenoid valve 24. In this state, the assist mechanism 2 does not obstruct the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel 1. After the angle adjustment is complete, the solenoid valve 24 closes, and the assist mechanism 2 maintains the angle and posture of the photovoltaic panel 1. When the action is delayed, a preferred application is to utilize the energy storage spring 8 (an energy storage element implementation) to store energy when the servo system 5 is activated and the assist mechanism 2 is a rigid structure. This stored energy is then instantaneously released after the solenoid valve 24 opens, forcing the photovoltaic panel 1 to open. To make the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 perform a snow-shaking action, without the storage spring 8, the overload capacity of the servo motor 52 in the servo system 5 is used within a reasonable range to make the servo motor 52 undergo a stall process. In this way, when the solenoid valve 24 is opened, the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly 210 in the cylinder 22 are connected through the conductor 23. In this state, the braking of the assist mechanism 2 on the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is released, and the servo motor 52 can instantly output the maximum torque to the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, so that the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 obtains an instantaneous and violent shaking action to help shake off the snow on the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0095] In the application where a storage spring 8 is connected in series on the rotating shaft 7, the rotation angle of the monitoring servo system 5 cannot accurately obtain the actual angle of the photovoltaic panel module 1. Therefore, the preferred application is to directly monitor the angle of the photovoltaic panel module 1. When the angle is the required angle, the servo system 5 and the solenoid valve 24 are closed simultaneously.

[0096] Example 2:

[0097] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 1:

[0098] The method by which the tracking system obtains the direction of sunlight illumination is as follows: based on the photosensitive sensor to identify the difference in light intensity in different directions, the direction of sunlight illumination is obtained;

[0099] Before executing step S2, the snow cover status on the photovoltaic panel 1 is determined. When the determination result is no snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve 24 to act synchronously with the servo system 5. The servo system 5 drives the rotating shaft 7 to rotate continuously in one direction, adjusting the photovoltaic panel 1 to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0100] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve 24 to delay its action relative to the servo system 5.

[0101] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, before the servo system 5 takes action, the dry and wet classification of the snow covering the photovoltaic panel module 1 is identified.

[0102] When the snow is dry, the control system controls the servo system 5 to operate immediately.

[0103] When the snow is wet, the snow is heated by the electric heating wires on the surface of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and then the control system controls the servo system 5 to operate.

[0104] When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the servo system 5 first drives the photovoltaic panel 1 to perform the snow shaking action, and then adjusts the photovoltaic panel 1 to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight.

[0105] The above solution provides a specific method for implementing a tracking system. Unlike methods based on a built-in solar trajectory model and the current solar position obtained from that model, the photosensitive sensor identification method not only simplifies the control system but also provides more accurate information about the current direction of sunlight. For those skilled in the art, the term "no snow cover" refers to a defined state where the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is completely free of snow, eliminating the need for snow-shaking actions. Alternatively, it can refer to a situation where, in snowy weather, the snow thickness is thin, and to reduce power consumption of the servo system 5 and protect the system, the system is considered to be without snow cover when the snow thickness has not reached a set thickness. In this case, the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is adjusted only through synchronous movement to reduce the frequency of snow-shaking actions.

[0106] When it is determined that there is snow cover, further methods such as environmental temperature and humidity prediction, snow gravity measurement, and image feature recognition are used to determine the dryness or wetness of the snow. For dry snow that is easy to shake off, the energy output by the servo system 5 is used to shake off the snow immediately. For wet snow that is not easy to shake off, the snow is heated by an electric heating wire before the servo system 5 performs the action.

[0107] After the snow shaking action is completed, the effect of snow shaking can be judged by automatic detection technology or human identification. If it is determined that the snow on the photovoltaic panel module 1 still cannot be removed after performing the snow shaking action once or after a set number of times, the system outputs a snow removal warning message to guide the use of manual cleaning methods to carry out the necessary snow and ice removal work.

[0108] For photovoltaic panel module 1 angle adjustment that does not require snow shaking, continuous rotation in one direction is sufficient to adjust the angle to the desired angle. For photovoltaic panel module 1 angle adjustment that requires snow shaking, the above snow shaking action can be achieved by rotating shaft 7 in the opposite direction to the rotation direction required to adjust to the angle matching the current sunlight direction (the opposite application is to increase the angle of photovoltaic panel module 1 relative to the current angle to facilitate snow shaking, and this rotation direction is opposite to the rotation direction of shaft 7 required to adjust to the angle matching the current sunlight direction), or by rotating in the same direction (rotation direction and adjustment direction are the same). When the direction is the same as the angle required to match the current direction of sunlight, since the single angle adjustment of photovoltaic panel 1 is generally small (can be set to be adjusted once every 30 minutes), in order to ensure the swing of photovoltaic panel 1 to ensure the snow shaking effect, the snow shaking action can be that the angle of photovoltaic panel 1 is over-adjusted after the action is executed. While keeping the solenoid valve 24 open, the servo system 5 adjusts photovoltaic panel 1 to the angle that matches the current direction of sunlight by rotating photovoltaic panel 1. When it is the opposite direction, the photovoltaic panel 1 can also be adjusted to the required angle by adjusting the angle of the rotating shaft 7 multiple times.

[0109] The above scheme differentiates the control strategies for corresponding actions based on the snow cover and snow classification on photovoltaic panel module 1. By executing different actions in different scenarios, it aims to avoid the control device from performing useless actions that could affect the lifespan of the photovoltaic power generation system and avoid unnecessary power consumption.

[0110] Example 3:

[0111] This embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, provides a photovoltaic power generation control device. This control device is used to implement the methods described in any of the above embodiments. The control device includes:

[0112] A tracking system used to determine the direction of sunlight.

[0113] The control system determines whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel module 1 needs to be adjusted based on the results obtained by the tracking system. When it is determined that the angle needs to be adjusted, the control system 5 is activated.

[0114] Servo system 5 is used to drive photovoltaic panel module 1 to rotate around rotating shaft 7 via rotating shaft 7;

[0115] The assist mechanism 2, used to provide angle and attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, includes a cylinder body 22 as a hydraulic cylinder, a piston assembly 210 built into the cylinder body 22, a solenoid valve 24 connected in series on the guide pipe 23, the guide pipe 23 connecting the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly 210 in the cylinder body 22, the cylinder body 22 and the piston rod 26 connected to the piston assembly 210 form an assembly, and both ends of the assembly are provided with connecting plates 21. The connecting plate 21 at one end of the assembly is used to be hinged to the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and the connecting plate 21 at the other end of the assembly is used to be hinged to the support system of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The hinge axes used for the hinge connection are all parallel to the rotating shaft 7.

[0116] An energy storage element is used to store the energy output by the servo system 5. After the solenoid valve 24 is activated, the energy storage element releases the energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to rotate around the shaft 7.

[0117] In the above scheme, the connecting plate 21 is used to connect the assist mechanism 2 with the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 and the support system. Both ends of the conducting pipe 23 are connected to the cylinder 22. One end of the conducting pipe 23 is connected to one side of the cavity of the piston assembly 210 on the cylinder 22, and the other end of the conducting pipe 23 is connected to the other side of the cavity of the piston assembly 210 on the rod. As those skilled in the art, the protection scope of the above control device should be understood to not include the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0118] More specifically, the cylinder body 22, piston rod 26, and piston assembly 210 can be constructed using existing hydraulic cylinder mechanisms. Specifically, connecting plates 21 are installed at both ends of the cylinder body 22 away from the piston rod 26 and at both ends of the piston rod 26 away from the cylinder body 22 to meet the requirements of the hinged connection. Preferably, since the assembly will experience a certain lateral force during use, and the piston rod 26 and the end of the cylinder body 22 need to establish a sealed fit to form a closed cavity near the piston rod 26, a guide sleeve 25 with a length greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the piston rod 26 is provided at the end of the cylinder body 22. The guide sleeve 25 is configured with bearings at both ends to support the piston rod 26, and multiple elastic sealing rings are provided between the two ends of the guide sleeve 25 to seal the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder body 22.

[0119] More specifically, due to hydraulic oil leakage, air bubbles may form in the cylinder 22 and the guide pipe 23. To avoid these air bubbles affecting the rigidity of the assembly when the solenoid valve 24 is closed, ultimately causing the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to shake slightly, the assist mechanism 2 is equipped with an exhaust device to expel the air bubbles, or a monitoring device for monitoring the shaking of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is configured. After the monitoring device detects the shaking, the control system issues a warning signal to prompt the assist mechanism 2 to be replaced or maintained.

[0120] Example 4:

[0121] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 3:

[0122] Both ends of the piston assembly 210 are fixed with a support ring coaxial with the piston assembly 210. The support ring includes a ring seat 27 and a plurality of support tiles 29. The support tiles 29 are all located outside the ring seat 27. The support tiles 29 are all connected to the ring seat 27 through an elastic plate 28. The support tiles 29 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the ring seat 27.

[0123] The axes of the support pads 29 are all coaxial with the axis of the piston rod 26, and the outer surface of the support pads 29 is an arc-shaped surface that fits the inner wall of the cylinder 22.

[0124] The elastic plate 28 in a free state constrains the support tiles 29 such that the outer surfaces of each support tile 29 are located on the same cylindrical surface, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 22.

[0125] In the above-mentioned assist mechanism 2, when the solenoid valve 24 is opened, the assembly extends and retracts under the action of the servo system 5, and the assist mechanism 2 is maintained as a rigid structure, the piston assembly 210 may be subjected to a certain lateral force. The uneven wear and uneven compression caused by the lateral force on the piston assembly 210 may cause the sealing performance of the piston assembly 210 to decrease and the effective life to be reduced. Based on the above, a piston assembly 210 including a piston assembly 210 and a piston assembly 210 with support rings at both ends is provided.

[0126] Specifically, the piston assembly 210 includes an assembly body and a sealing ring mounted on the assembly body. The sealing ring serves as an isolation and sealing structure for the cavity, and the support ring serves as a support structure at both ends of the piston assembly 210. Specifically, supports are formed on both sides of the piston assembly 210 to maintain the coaxiality of the cylinder 22 and the piston rod 26, optimize the fitting accuracy and contact force between the piston rod 26 and the guide sleeve 25 under lateral force, reduce the uneven force distribution of the piston assembly 210 in the circumferential direction under lateral force, ensure the sealing reliability and sealing life of the piston assembly 210, and avoid internal leakage that could affect the rigidity of the assembly.

[0127] In the above scheme, a support tile 29 whose shape matches the inner wall of the cylinder 22 is used as the contact element between the support ring and the inner wall of the cylinder 22. The support tile 29 is connected to the ring seat 27 through an elastic plate 28. The purpose is to use the elastic deformation of the elastic plate 28 to ensure the contact quality between the support ring and the cylinder 22. The outer surfaces of the support tiles 29 are located on the same cylindrical surface, that is, the outer surfaces of each support tile 29 are located on the cylindrical surface that contacts the inner wall of the cylinder 22. When each elastic plate 28 is in a free state, the axes of the cylindrical surface and the cylinder 22 are collinear. In specific implementation, the component body and the ring seat 27 are an integral columnar structure. The diameter of the component body is larger than the diameter of the ring seat 27. The component body has multiple sealing rings. Three support tiles 29 are evenly arranged around the ring seat 27 on each support ring. Each support tile 29 is connected to the ring seat 27 through an elastic plate 28 stacked relative to the support tile 29.

[0128] Compared to using the guide sleeve 25 at the end of the cylinder 22 to solve the lateral force problem, since the support ring is always located in the cylinder 22, its friction surface does not experience the abrasive wear that is present at the mating position of the piston rod 26 and the guide sleeve 25. Therefore, it is more appropriate to place the support ring at the piston assembly 210 position than at the guide sleeve 25 position. At the same time, when the assembly is under tension, the sealing reliability of the piston assembly 210 directly affects whether leakage will occur at the protruding position of the piston rod 26 on the cylinder 22. The good sealing reliability of the piston assembly 210 allows the cylinder 22 to avoid the piston rod 26 moving outward and oil leakage at the mating position of the piston rod 26 and the cylinder 22 under tension conditions by using the hydraulic force generated by the cavity away from the piston rod 26.

[0129] Example 5:

[0130] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 3:

[0131] The servo system 5 includes a servo motor 52 and a transmission mechanism 51. The servo motor 52 is fixed on the support system. The servo motor 52 is connected to the middle of the rotating shaft 7 through the transmission mechanism 51. Each end of the rotating shaft 7 is provided with a support seat 6, and each support seat 6 is provided with a bearing assembly connected to the rotating shaft 7.

[0132] Connecting seats 9 are fixed on the rotating shafts 7 on both sides of the transmission mechanism 51. The connecting seats 9 are configured such that the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7 through the connecting seats 9. The connecting seats 9 include a hoop and a fastening bolt. The hoop is sleeved on the rotating shaft 7, and the fastening bolt is used to achieve anti-rotation locking of the hoop relative to the rotating shaft 7.

[0133] Both sides of the transmission mechanism 51 have a storage spring 8 connected in series on the rotating shaft 7 located inside the connecting seat 9.

[0134] The above components provide a specific implementation of the servo system 5 and a connection method for the photovoltaic panel module 1. Specifically, the power output by the servo motor 52 is loaded onto the middle of the rotating shaft 7 through the transmission mechanism 51. The rotating shaft 7 is rotatably supported on the support base 6 through the bearing assembly. The photovoltaic panel module 1 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7, and a storage spring 8 located inside the connecting base 9 and serving as an energy storage element is connected in series on the rotating shaft 7. This solution is intended for use in the case of snow removal from the photovoltaic panel module 1: when it is determined by weather data, photoelectric conversion index, and device detection that there is snow accumulation on the photovoltaic panel module 1, the servo system 5 is activated while the solenoid valve 24 remains closed. The rigid assist mechanism 2 constrains the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to prevent rotation. The energy output by the servo system 5 is stored in the storage spring 8. Preferably, the servo system 5 rotates in the direction that increases the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and then opens the solenoid valve 24. At this point, the assist mechanism changes from a rigid structure to a retractable structure, and the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 becomes flippable. The storage spring 8 releases energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to rotate. Compared to directly using the servo system 5 to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, this solution utilizes the energy stored in the storage spring 8 to increase the acceleration of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1's rotation and the rotation angle per unit time, thus facilitating the shaking off of snow from the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. Simultaneously, this solution is a method where the servo system 5 directly drives the rotating shaft 7, resulting in a small transmission mechanism 51 with minimal or no outdoor exposure of the transmission components. A preferred application is that the transmission mechanism 51 is a gear reducer, connected to the rotating shaft 7 using gear transmission.

[0135] The above provides a specific implementation of the servo system 5 and a connection method for the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. This solution adopts the above-provided connection seat 9 implementation, which aims to make the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 easily adjustable during the assembly and debugging stage. In this stage, the solenoid valve 24 is opened, making the assembly a rod structure with adjustable length. After the hoop is sleeved on the rotating shaft 7 (third shaft segment 73), the initial installation angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is adjusted by rotating the hoop relative to the rotating shaft 7. After the angle adjustment is completed, the fastening bolt is tightened to complete the connection between the servo system 5 and the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0136] Example 6:

[0137] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 5:

[0138] The rotating shafts 7 on each side of the transmission mechanism 51 include a first shaft section 71, a second shaft section 72, and a third shaft section 73;

[0139] The first shaft segment 71 is connected to the transmission mechanism 51, the third shaft segment 73 is connected to the bearing assembly, and the energy storage spring 8 is connected in series between the first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73. The first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73 are connected by a second shaft segment 72.

[0140] The above provides an implementation method for the transmission mechanism 51, specifically: the servo system 5 transmits torque to the first shaft segment 71 through the transmission mechanism 51. When the assist mechanism 2 is in the closed state of the solenoid valve 24, the third shaft segment 73 is locked under the action of the assist mechanism 2. The first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73 rotate relative to each other. The energy storage spring 8 stores energy. When the solenoid valve 24 is opened, the energy of the energy storage spring 8 drives the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to rotate through the third shaft segment 73 to shake off the snow on the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. After the snow is shaken off, while keeping the solenoid valve 24 open, the servo system 5 adjusts the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to the required angle and then closes the solenoid valve 24 to maintain the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 using the assist mechanism 2. The second shaft segment 72 is used to connect the first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73 in series, so that the first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73 can rotate relative to each other, while constraining the rotating shaft 7 to keep it coaxial, thereby optimizing the force on the bearing assembly. Meanwhile, in this implementation, since the first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73 can rotate relative to each other, when the hydraulic oil leaks in the assist mechanism 2 and the length of the assembly is unstable when the solenoid valve 24 is closed, the wind load and snow load loaded on the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 can still force the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 to swing under the forced torsion of the storage spring 8. Therefore, this application monitors the stability of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 during the angle holding process through the monitoring device, which can be used to determine whether the assist mechanism 2 can work reliably. After the problem is found, it can be resolved as soon as possible, which can effectively avoid the self-locking device on the servo system 5 being damaged due to long-term excessive force.

[0141] The second shaft segment 72 is an integral structure with one of the first shaft segment 71 and the third shaft segment 73. It is connected to the other shaft segment via a hole, forming a rotatable plug-in connection. The energy storage spring 8 undergoes a certain degree of length change during torsional energy storage and release. To ensure the swaying amplitude of the photovoltaic panel module 1 during snowfall, it is preferably configured such that one end of the energy storage spring 8 (which is a helical spring) is fixedly connected to one of the two shaft segments, and the other end is slidably connected to the other shaft segment via a sliding sleeve. The sliding sleeve forms a spline connection with the other shaft segment, aiming to transmit torque using the spline connection and allow the sliding sleeve to slide along the axial direction of the other shaft segment to accommodate the length change of the energy storage spring 8. For example, the second shaft segment 72 and the first shaft segment 71 are an integral structure. The outer end of the second shaft segment 72 is inserted into a hole inside the third shaft segment 73. The inner end of the energy storage spring 8 is fixedly connected to the first shaft segment 71, and the outer end of the energy storage spring 8 forms a spline connection with the third shaft segment 73 via a sliding sleeve. For the first shaft segment 71 on each side of the transmission mechanism 51, the same first shaft segment 71 can be used, such as the first shaft segment 71 passing through the transmission mechanism 51, and the middle part of the first shaft segment 71 having a gear that meshes with the transmission mechanism 51.

[0142] Example 7:

[0143] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 3:

[0144] It also includes a monitoring device for monitoring the vibration of the photovoltaic panel module 1. As described above, the monitoring device is used to monitor the vibration of the photovoltaic panel module 1 during the angle maintenance process. When the monitoring result shows that the photovoltaic panel module 1 is malfunctioning and swinging, it can be used to determine the reliability of the assist mechanism 2, so as to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the malfunction of the assist mechanism 2 as soon as possible.

[0145] Example 8:

[0146] This embodiment is a refinement of embodiment 3:

[0147] The rotating shaft 7 is disposed in the middle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 along its length, and the axis of the rotating shaft 7 extends along the width of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0148] The photovoltaic panel module 1 is equipped with assist mechanisms 2 at both ends of its length direction.

[0149] The above describes an installation method for a servo system 5 and a photovoltaic panel assembly 1, designed to adapt to the existing rectangular structure of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. A rotating shaft 7 is positioned at the midpoint of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1's length, providing a relatively balanced weight distribution on both sides of the shaft. This reduces the power requirements of the servo system 5 when adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1. The assist mechanisms 2, located at both ends of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1's length, not only optimize the stability of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 during angle maintenance but also reduce the swing amplitude of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1 caused by insufficient stiffness of the assist mechanism 2, thus maximizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0150] A more specific technical solution is as follows: the support system includes a top frame 3 and multiple support legs 4 supporting the top frame 3, and the connection positions of the assist mechanism 2 and the support seat 6 on the support system are both located on the top frame 3;

[0151] The length of each leg 4 is adjustable.

[0152] The above provides a specific implementation of the support system. Multiple support legs 4 are used to ensure the stability of the support for the top frame 3. The length of the support legs 4 is adjustable to adapt to uneven installation ground, so as to facilitate the installation of the top frame 3 at the required angle.

[0153] More specifically, the support leg 4 is configured as a telescopic rod structure. During installation, when the top frame 3 is supported to the required angle (such as horizontal) by multiple lifting devices, the telescopic position of the telescopic rod structure in this state is welded to fix the length of the support leg 4. After welding is completed, the lifting device is disassembled.

[0154] Example 9:

[0155] Based on Embodiment 3, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic power generation system, including a photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and also the control device described in Embodiment 3;

[0156] The photovoltaic panel assembly 1 is fixed on the rotating shaft 7;

[0157] The connecting plate 21 at one end of the assembly is hinged to the photovoltaic panel assembly 1, and the connecting plate 21 at the other end of the assembly is hinged to the support system of the photovoltaic panel assembly 1.

[0158] The above describes a photovoltaic power generation system using the aforementioned control device.

[0159] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments derived without departing from the technical solution of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation control method, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the direction of sunlight based on the tracking system, and determine whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel component (1) needs to be adjusted through the control system. When the angle needs to be adjusted, execute step S2. S2. The control system controls the servo system (5) to move, and the servo system (5) drives the photovoltaic panel (1) to rotate around the rotating shaft (7) to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight. Its features are, When the servo system (5) is activated, the control system controls the solenoid valve (24) to activate synchronously with the servo system (5) or to activate with a delay relative to the servo system (5). The solenoid valve (24) is installed on the assist mechanism (2) that provides angle and attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel assembly (1). The assist mechanism (2) includes a cylinder body (22) as a hydraulic cylinder and a piston assembly (210) built into the cylinder body (22). The solenoid valve (24) is connected in series on the conduction pipe (23). The conduction pipe (23) connects the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly (210) in the cylinder body (22). The solenoid valve (24) operates by opening the solenoid valve (24) through electromagnetic force, so that the connecting tube (23) remains connected to the cavity. The delayed action is as follows: the action of the solenoid valve (24) is delayed relative to the action of the servo system (5), and before the action of the solenoid valve (24), the energy output by the servo system (5) is stored through the energy storage element. After the action of the solenoid valve (24), the energy storage element releases energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) to rotate around the rotating shaft (7). When the photovoltaic panel module (1) rotates to an angle that matches the current direction of sunlight, the control system controls the solenoid valve (24) to close, keeping the conductor (23) in a cut-off state; Before executing step S2, the snow cover status on the photovoltaic panel (1) is determined. When the determination result is no snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve (24) to act synchronously with the servo system (5). The servo system (5) drives the rotating shaft (7) to adjust the photovoltaic panel (1) to an angle that matches the current sunlight direction in a unidirectional continuous rotation manner. When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the control system controls the solenoid valve (24) to delay its action relative to the servo system (5); The servo system (5) includes a servo motor (52) and a transmission mechanism (51). The servo motor (52) is fixed on the support system. The servo motor (52) is connected to the middle of the rotating shaft (7) through the transmission mechanism (51). Each end of the rotating shaft (7) is equipped with a support seat (6). Each support seat (6) is equipped with a bearing assembly connected to the rotating shaft (7). Connecting seats (9) are fixed on the rotating shafts (7) on both sides of the transmission mechanism (51). The connecting seats (9) are configured such that the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (7) through the connecting seats (9). The connecting seats (9) include a hoop and a fastening bolt. The hoop is sleeved on the rotating shaft (7), and the fastening bolt is used to achieve anti-rotation locking of the hoop relative to the rotating shaft (7). A storage spring (8) located inside the connecting seat (9) is connected in series on the rotating shaft (7) on both sides of the transmission mechanism (51). The rotating shafts (7) on each side of the transmission mechanism (51) include a first shaft section (71), a second shaft section (72), and a third shaft section (73). The first shaft segment (71) is connected to the transmission mechanism (51), the third shaft segment (73) is connected to the bearing assembly, the energy storage spring (8) is connected in series between the first shaft segment (71) and the third shaft segment (73), and the first shaft segment (71) and the third shaft segment (73) are connected by a second shaft segment (72). The servo system (5) transmits torque to the first shaft segment (71) through the transmission mechanism (51). When the assist mechanism (2) is in the closed state of the solenoid valve (24), the third shaft segment (73) is locked under the action of the assist mechanism (2). The first shaft segment (71) and the third shaft segment (73) rotate relative to each other. The energy storage spring (8) stores energy. When the solenoid valve (24) is opened, the energy of the energy storage spring (8) drives the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) to rotate through the third shaft segment (73) to achieve the purpose of shaking off the snow on the photovoltaic panel assembly (1).

2. The photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method by which the tracking system obtains the direction of sunlight illumination is as follows: based on the photosensitive sensor to identify the difference in light intensity in different directions, the direction of sunlight illumination is obtained.

3. The photovoltaic power generation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the determination result is that there is snow cover, before the servo system (5) takes action, the dry and wet classification of the snow covering the photovoltaic panel (1) is identified; When the snow is dry, the control system controls the servo system (5) to operate immediately; When the snow is wet, the snow is heated by the electric heating wire on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (1), and the control system controls the servo system (5) to operate. When the determination result is that there is snow cover, the servo system (5) first drives the photovoltaic panel (1) to perform the snow shaking action, and then adjusts the photovoltaic panel (1) to an angle that matches the current sunlight direction through the servo system (5).

4. A photovoltaic power generation control device, characterized in that, The control device is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the control device comprising: A tracking system used to determine the direction of sunlight. The control system determines whether the angle of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) needs to be adjusted based on the results obtained by the tracking system. When it is determined that the angle needs to be adjusted, the control system (5) is activated. A servo system (5) is used to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) to rotate around the rotating shaft (7) via the rotating shaft (7); The assist mechanism (2) is used to provide angle and attitude constraints for the photovoltaic panel assembly (1). It includes a cylinder body (22) as a hydraulic cylinder, a piston assembly (210) built into the cylinder body (22), a solenoid valve (24) connected in series on the guide pipe (23), the guide pipe (23) connecting the cavities on both sides of the piston assembly (210) in the cylinder body (22), the cylinder body (22) and the piston rod (26) connected to the piston assembly (210) form an assembly, and both ends of the assembly are provided with connecting plates (21). The connecting plate (21) at one end of the assembly is used to be hinged to the photovoltaic panel assembly (1), and the connecting plate (21) at the other end of the assembly is used to be hinged to the support system of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1). The hinge axis used for the hinge connection is parallel to the rotating shaft (7). The energy storage element is used to store the energy output by the servo system (5). After the solenoid valve (24) is activated, the energy storage element releases energy to drive the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) to rotate around the shaft (7).

5. The photovoltaic power generation control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both ends of the piston assembly (210) are fixed with support rings coaxial with the piston assembly (210). The support rings include a ring seat (27) and a plurality of support tiles (29). The support tiles (29) are all located outside the ring seat (27). The support tiles (29) are all connected to the ring seat (27) through an elastic plate (28). The support tiles (29) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the ring seat (27). The axes of the support pads (29) are all coaxial with the axis of the piston rod (26), and the outer surface of the support pads (29) is an arc-shaped surface that fits the inner wall of the cylinder (22); The elastic plate (28) in a free state constrains the support tiles (29) such that the outer surfaces of each support tile (29) are located on the same cylindrical surface, the outer diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder (22).

6. The photovoltaic power generation control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring device for monitoring the vibration of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1).

7. The photovoltaic power generation control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (7) is located in the middle of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1) along its length, and the axis of the rotating shaft (7) extends along the width of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1). The photovoltaic panel module (1) is equipped with assist mechanisms (2) at both ends of its length direction.

8. A photovoltaic power generation system, comprising photovoltaic panel modules (1), characterized in that, It also includes the control device as described in any one of claims 4 to 7; The photovoltaic panel assembly (1) is fixed on the rotating shaft (7); The connecting plate (21) at one end of the assembly is hinged to the photovoltaic panel assembly (1), and the connecting plate (21) at the other end of the assembly is hinged to the support system of the photovoltaic panel assembly (1).

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