Composite material sub-ply laser projection positioning method and system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aerospace composite material manufacturing, and discloses a composite material sub-lay laser projection positioning method and system. The system comprises a target point, adopts a standardized geometric feature shape, is integrated in advance in the design model of various structural parts, and is inserted together with the target seat through the end protruding part of the standardized geometric feature shape; the target seat is installed on the surface of parts or molds with different sizes and shapes through an adjustable fixing structure; the target seat connecting shaft adopts a long strip-shaped cylindrical part, both ends of which have shaft sections with different diameters, and the whole presents a stepped shaft feature, is used for connecting between multiple target seats, and makes multiple target seats capture positioning reference in one laser projection system. The application breaks the technical prejudice that high precision can only be ensured by special tooling, that large-size positioning can only rely on mechanical hard connection, that manual intervention inevitably reduces reliability, and that multi-function and low cost cannot be compatible.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of aerospace composite material manufacturing, and particularly relates to a composite material sub-lay laser projection positioning method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In aerospace composite material manufacturing, local thickening (commonly known as sub-lay) is a key design and manufacturing technology, and its core function can be summarized as follows: the sub-lay precisely strengthens the key area while ensuring the overall lightweight of the structure to meet extreme mechanical and functional requirements. The precision of the sub-lay directly determines the performance stability, structural safety and production feasibility of the composite product. To achieve precise positioning of the sub-lay, three positioning methods are commonly used in traditional manufacturing processes: tool positioning, reference line positioning and template positioning. However, these three positioning methods have obvious disadvantages:

[0003] Tool positioning: It relies on special tooling and requires separate production of templates, which is costly and has poor adaptability to complex-shaped parts and is inconvenient to adjust. It can only adapt to specific parts and is difficult to be compatible with different structures, making it unsuitable for small-batch parts.

[0004] Reference line positioning: The error of the pre-reserved tire line after being extended by hand is relatively large (deviation ±1-2mm), and it is difficult to distinguish when multiple reference lines are stacked together and is prone to cumulative error. When changing different structural parts, the line needs to be redrawn, which is low in precision, poor in adaptability, low in flexibility and reusability.

[0005] Template positioning: Different special templates need to be made for different structural parts, and the cost increases with the increase of the number of parts. It relies on manual line drawing, which is low in precision and difficult to be compatible with various structures, and has poor flexibility and reusability. SUMMARY

[0006] To overcome the problems in the related art, the application discloses a composite material sub-lay laser projection positioning method and system.

[0007] The technical solution is as follows: a composite material sub-lay laser projection positioning system, which comprises:

[0008] Target point, adopting a standardized geometric feature shape, pre-integrated into the design model of various structural parts, and inserted together with the target seat through the protruding part at the end of the standardized geometric feature shape;

[0009] Target seat, installed on the surface of parts or molds of different sizes and shapes through an adjustable fixing structure;

[0010] The target point is pre-integrated into the design model of various structural parts, and the target seat is installed on the surface of parts or molds of different sizes and shapes through an adjustable fixing structure.The target mount connecting shaft is a long, cylindrical part with shaft segments of different diameters at both ends, presenting an overall stepped shaft feature. It is used to connect multiple target mounts, enabling multiple target mounts to capture positioning references in a laser projection system.

[0011] The target points adopt standardized geometric feature shapes, including circular markers and coded graphic geometric feature shapes; the target points are adaptable to various types of flat surfaces, curved surfaces, and irregularly shaped parts.

[0012] The adjustable fixing structure of the target holder adopts magnetic suction, snap-on, and fine-tuning knobs;

[0013] The magnetic type uses a magnetic material layer;

[0014] By coordinating the target point and the target holder, the laser projection system identifies and calibrates the target point, enabling the same device to locate the sub-layouts of various structural parts.

[0015] The target holder is provided with multiple target holes, and the target holes adopt a countersunk design with a stepped recessed structure at the opening; the protruding part at the end of the target point is installed in the target hole.

[0016] The target holder has a target holder connection hole at the center of its four sides. The target holder connection hole adopts a countersunk design and has a stepped recessed structure at the opening. The target holder connection shaft is installed in the target holder connection hole.

[0017] The target mounting connecting shaft includes target mounting connecting shafts of different lengths;

[0018] Based on the size of the parts and positioning requirements, a matching positioning system is formed by combining target mounting connecting shafts of different lengths and target mounting connecting holes around the target mount to adapt to small and medium-sized parts to large and complex structures.

[0019] Based on the adaptation requirements of large-size and complex structure parts, a target base is added every certain distance to ensure that the target points evenly cover the part area.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a laser projection positioning method for composite material sublayments, comprising:

[0021] S1, Basic tooling preparation;

[0022] S2, Part Layout and Coordinate System I;

[0023] S3, Sub-lay boundary confirmed;

[0024] S4, Target location selection;

[0025] S5, Target coordinate data extraction;

[0026] S6, Laser projection program generation and positioning matching;

[0027] S7, Projection effect check;

[0028] S8, Sub-layer laying operation.

[0029] Step S1, basic tooling preparation, includes: preparing a flat tooling as a basic support platform to provide a reference carrier for the positioning of the target point and target seat;

[0030] Step S2, Part Layout and Coordinate System I, includes:

[0031] For pre-produced parts with multiple configurations or multiple parts with the same configuration, compact and optimized layout is achieved through digital simulation on a flat tooling to obtain a digital model of the optimized layout of the parts. At the same time, the design coordinate system of each part is mapped to the unified coordinate system of the flat tooling, and the positioning reference of all parts is unified through coordinate transformation, providing a consistent coordinate reference for subsequent target position movement and positioning and sub-layout position calibration.

[0032] Step S3, sub-lay boundary confirmation, includes:

[0033] Based on the digital simulation layout completed in step S2, the precise boundaries of each part sub-layout in a unified coordinate system are extracted and confirmed, including contour boundaries, key holes, and edge transition areas. The spatial range and positioning reference points of each sub-layout are determined, providing specific boundary parameters for target mounting and laser projection positioning.

[0034] Step S4, target location selection, includes:

[0035] Based on the sub-lay positioning boundary and unified coordinate system confirmed in step S3, target points are set at the key corners, symmetry centers or boundary intersections of the part sub-lays, with at least 3 non-collinear target points for each sub-lay.

[0036] Step S5, target coordinate data extraction, includes:

[0037] Based on the target placement position determined in step S4, the target points are designed and virtually placed in the optimized layout of the digital model of the part. Then, using the reference of the flat tooling, the coordinate data of each target point in the unified coordinate system of the tooling are directly extracted by the model measurement software as the reference parameters for laser projection positioning.

[0038] Step S6, laser projection program generation and positioning matching includes:

[0039] Based on the optimized layout of the digital model of the parts and the determined target position data, the laser projection area of ​​each sub-layout layer of the parts is delineated in the optimized layout of the digital model of the parts, and the corresponding laser projection program is generated; the laser projector is started, and the outline, boundary and positioning reference of the sub-layout layer are projected onto the flat fixture according to the program. The positioning of each sub-layout layer is achieved by matching the positioning of the projected laser lines with the target position.

[0040] Step S7, Projection Effect Check, includes running the laser projection program and manually checking the projection display.

[0041] Step S8, the sub-layer laying operation includes:

[0042] Based on the sub-layer outline and positioning reference projected by the laser projector, the sub-layers are laid in sequence by manual or automated equipment.

[0043] Combining all the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0044] First, this invention offers higher positioning accuracy: multiple non-collinear target points + modular unified benchmark, combined with high-precision laser projection identification (deviation ±0.06~±0.2mm per meter), reduce cumulative errors; the recessed platform, magnetic attraction, and stepped structure ensure long-term positioning stability. Second, this invention offers greater versatility and flexibility: standard target holes are compatible with universal laser projectors, and the modular design adapts to parts of different sizes; it is highly mobile, allowing for quick layout adjustments to suit various tooling. Third, this invention improves operational convenience: laser projection intuitively displays the tiling outline, reducing manual measurement errors; manual verification only requires checking interference and integrity, reducing skill dependence and improving efficiency.

[0045] Reduce costs: Reduce the need for specialized tools and use standardized parts to reduce manufacturing costs; reduce parts scrapping and rework, and reduce waste of materials and labor time.

[0046] Second, improve efficiency: rapid assembly, movement, and automatic projection positioning shorten tooling preparation time; simplify processes, reduce training costs, and minimize production downtime. Expand application scenarios: adapt to multiple parts types, increase equipment reuse rate, enhance production line flexibility, and adapt to multi-variety, small-batch production. Extend lifespan: the recessed platform design reduces target wear, magnetic fixation avoids collision damage, and reduces maintenance frequency.

[0047] Third, this invention features unified precision control for multiple target points: resolving issues such as gaps and accumulated errors in modular connections, ensuring target point deviations are controlled within the micrometer level. Large-size precision attenuation suppression: offsetting long-distance laser projection errors through reasonable target point arrangement and dynamic calibration algorithms. Stable target identification: resolving interference from reflections in the platform design and the influence of ambient light, avoiding misidentification or delays. Balance between magnetic attraction and modular connection: precisely controlling the magnetic attraction force, balancing fixed stability and movement flexibility; ensuring connection rigidity and ease of disassembly. Multi-tool compatibility: developing alternative fixing solutions for non-magnetic tooling, ensuring stable positioning.

[0048] Fourth, this invention breaks the limitation that high precision requires specialized tooling: a universal target holder combined with laser projection can achieve or even surpass the precision of specialized tooling. This invention also breaks the limitation that large-size positioning relies solely on rigid mechanical connections: a distributed flexible target holder + unified benchmark eliminates the need for rigid structures to suppress large-size errors. Furthermore, this invention overcomes the limitation that manual intervention inevitably reduces reliability: laser-guided manual visual verification actually improves positioning reliability. Finally, this invention overcomes the limitation that multifunctionality and low cost are mutually exclusive: modular and standardized design achieves a balance between multifunctionality and low cost.

[0049] Fourth, this invention improves manufacturing efficiency, reduces labor costs, reduces tooling investment, and increases the part qualification rate. This invention fills a technological gap in the positioning method of sub-layouts for composite parts. This invention solves the technical problems of high cost, low accuracy, and cumbersome operation in traditional positioning methods. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure;

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separation state of each component of the composite material sublay laser projection positioning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the target point and the target holder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the target hole and the target holder connection hole provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the standardized connection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of target mounting connecting shafts of different lengths provided in embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of adding a target holder in a complex area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser projection positioning method for composite material sublayers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 These are schematic diagrams illustrating the layout of various configuration parts provided in embodiments of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of parts with the same configuration provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] In the diagram: 1. Target point; 2. Target base; 3. Target base connecting shaft; 4. Target hole; 5. Target base connecting hole; 6. Magnetic material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0062] The innovation of this invention lies in the fact that it breaks through the limitations of traditional positioning methods, gets rid of the dependence on special tooling, realizes the modular design of the positioning system, and completes the visual conversion of the part's digital model.

[0063] Example 1: To overcome the limitations of traditional positioning methods, this invention proposes a positioning scheme based on mature laser projection positioning, combined with an innovatively designed target point and target mount, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the composite material plywood laser projection positioning system includes:

[0064] Target 1 adopts a standardized geometric feature shape, which is pre-integrated into the design model of various structural parts, and is connected to target base 2 through the end protrusion of the standardized geometric feature shape.

[0065] The target holder 2 is mounted on the surface of parts or molds of different sizes and shapes via an adjustable fixing structure;

[0066] The target mounting connecting shaft 3 is a long cylindrical part with shaft segments of different diameters at both ends, presenting an overall stepped shaft feature. It is used to connect multiple target mounts 2, enabling multiple target mounts 2 to capture positioning references in a laser projection system.

[0067] Among them, target point 1 adopts standardized geometric features (such as circular marks of specific diameter, coded graphics, etc.) and can be pre-integrated into the design models of various structural parts. It does not depend on the specific structure of the part and is suitable for various types such as flat plates, curved surfaces, and irregular parts.

[0068] The target holder 2 has an adjustable fixing structure (such as magnetic, snap-on, fine-tuning knob, etc.), which can be quickly installed on the surface of parts or molds of different sizes and shapes, and matches the identification features of the target point 1 to ensure that the laser projection system can stably capture and position the reference.

[0069] The target mounting connecting shaft 3 is a long, cylindrical part with a specific length and shaft segments of different diameters at both ends, exhibiting the characteristics of a stepped shaft. It is used to connect multiple target mounts 2, ensuring that multiple target mounts 2 can stably capture and position the reference in a laser projection system.

[0070] like Figure 2 By cooperating with target point 1 and target holder 2, the laser projection system can quickly identify and calibrate the target point, enabling the same device to position the sub-layouts of various structural parts, greatly improving flexibility and reusability, and solving the problems of poor adaptability and limitation to specific parts in traditional solutions. At the same time, the movable nature of target holder 2 can optimize the layout of parts on the tooling, improve the utilization of tooling space, increase the loading capacity of curing equipment such as autoclaves, reduce equipment downtime, and improve the overall efficiency of the curing process.

[0071] An example is the design of target holder 2;

[0072] (a) Structural and dimensional design;

[0073] like Figure 3 At least four target holes 4 are provided on the target base 2. The holes are machined by precision boring and other methods to ensure that the target is flat and free from loosening or interference after insertion. The size is designed to be 6mm or 6.35mm to match the standard target specifications of common laser projectors on the market and reduce recognition errors. The countersunk design (step-shaped recessed structure is machined at the hole opening) makes the target positioning working surface lower than the outer contour surface of the target base, avoiding wear of the positioning surface caused by collision and friction and extending the service life.

[0074] The target base connection hole 5 is designed at the center of each of the four sides of the target base 2. The hole positions are machined by precision boring and other methods to ensure that the target is flat and free from loosening or interference after insertion. The size is designed to be 12mm to fit the target base connection shaft 3. The countersunk design (step-shaped recessed structure machined at the hole opening) is adopted to avoid wear of the positioning surface caused by collision and friction, and to extend the service life.

[0075] For example, the target holder 2 adopts a stepped structure with a step height of not less than 20 mm. This improves structural rigidity while ensuring that the positioning plane of the target hole 4 is higher than the tooling surface and the component mounting layer, avoiding obstruction and ensuring clear laser recognition. The horizontal distance between the target holes 4 is controlled between 30 and 50 mm, which enhances the density of positioning points to improve accuracy, controls the overall size of the target holder 2, reduces material usage to achieve weight reduction, and facilitates movement and adjustment. The protruding part at the end of the target point 1 is installed inside the target hole 4.

[0076] For example, the contact area with the flat tooling is designed as a planar structure to increase the contact area and improve stability; a magnetic material layer 6 (such as a strong magnetic sheet) is added to the bottom, which can be quickly adsorbed and attached to the metal tooling to avoid positional movement during operation and without affecting flexible movement and reusability; for non-magnetic tooling, alternative fixing solutions such as vacuum adsorption and mechanical locking can be developed.

[0077] (ii) Modular design;

[0078] Modular advantages: Different numbers of modules can be flexibly combined according to part size and positioning requirements to adapt to positioning scenarios from small and medium-sized parts to large and complex structures; standardized production of individual modules reduces manufacturing difficulty and cost, and can be replaced individually when damaged, improving maintenance convenience; modules can be quickly spliced ​​with the target base connecting shaft 3 through the universal target base connecting hole 5 (which can be selected as needed by buckle, magnetic attraction, bolt, etc.), which facilitates on-site layout adjustment.

[0079] The protruding part at the end of target point 1 is installed inside target hole 4. Target base connecting shaft 3 is installed inside target base connecting hole 5.

[0080] Connection and baseline design: such as Figure 4 The standardized connection device enables the connection and positioning between modules, including the target base connection hole 5 and the target base connection shaft 3 (which can be achieved through the matching of positioning pins and pin holes, snap-fit ​​structure, etc.). The parameters such as matching accuracy and connection strength are clearly defined to ensure the relative position is accurate after splicing. The connection device of each module adopts a unified reference design (such as the same positioning hole spacing and connection surface accuracy standard), so that all target points are automatically aligned to the same reference coordinate system after assembly, avoiding the cumulative error caused by reference deviation.

[0081] (III) Adaptation solutions for large-size and complex structural parts;

[0082] For parts exceeding two meters in length, a new target base is added for every meter exceeding the baseline target base layout within a two-meter range, ensuring that the target points uniformly cover the part area. The newly added target bases maintain the same baseline as the original modules through a modular connection device, ensuring that all target points are in a unified coordinate system. The laser projection system is calibrated across the entire domain based on multiple sets of target points to offset the accumulation of long-distance errors and achieve precise positioning.

[0083] For complex structural parts, such as Figure 5 Target holders 2 can be added in complex areas by using target holder connecting shafts 3 of different lengths, such as... Figure 6 This ensures that the target points completely cover all complex areas of the part's configuration. The newly added target holder 2 maintains the same reference as the original module through target holder connecting shafts 3 of different lengths, ensuring that all target points are in a unified coordinate system. The laser projection system is based on local calibration of multiple sets of target points to offset the accumulation of errors in complex areas and achieve precise positioning.

[0084] Example 2, as Figure 7 The laser projection positioning method for composite material plywood includes:

[0085] S1, Basic tooling preparation; Prepare a flat tooling as a basic support platform. This tooling must have a flat surface and sufficient rigidity to ensure the stability of subsequent target mounting and part placement, and provide a reference carrier for positioning target point 1 and target mount 2.

[0086] S2, Part Layout and Coordinate System 1; for pre-production of various configuration parts (such as...) Figure 8 (Diagram of layout of multiple configuration parts) or the same configuration (such as...) Figure 9 Multiple parts (with a schematic diagram of the same configuration) are arranged compactly and optimally on a flat fixture through digital simulation, resulting in a digital model of the optimized parts and improving space utilization. At the same time, the design coordinate system of each part is accurately mapped to the unified coordinate system of the flat fixture using drawing software commonly used in the aerospace industry (such as CATIA, UG, etc.). Coordinate transformation is used to unify the positioning reference of all parts, providing a consistent coordinate reference for the subsequent movement and positioning of the target seat 2 and the calibration of the sub-layout position, ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0087] S3, Sub-layout boundary confirmation; Based on the digital simulation layout completed in step S2, extract and confirm the precise boundary of each part's sub-layout in a unified coordinate system (including contour boundary, key hole position, edge transition area, etc.), clarify the spatial range and positioning reference point of each sub-layout, and provide specific boundary parameters for the installation of target seat 2 and laser projection positioning.

[0088] S4, Target point location selection; Based on the sub-layout positioning boundary and unified coordinate system confirmed in step S3, target point 1 is preferentially set at the key corners, symmetry centers or boundary intersections of the part sub-layout to ensure that each sub-layout has at least 3 non-collinear target points to meet the positioning accuracy; at the same time, the compatibility between the target point and the target base 2 and the recognition field of the laser projection system are taken into account to avoid occlusion or recognition blind spots.

[0089] S5, target point coordinate data extraction; based on the target point 1 placement position determined in step S4, the design and virtual placement of target point 1 are completed in the optimized layout of the digital model of the part; subsequently, using the reference of the flat tooling (such as the edge and positioning hole) as a reference, the coordinate data (measured value) of each target point 1 in the unified coordinate system of the tooling are directly extracted by the model measurement software as the reference parameter for laser projection positioning.

[0090] S6, Laser projection program generation and positioning matching; Based on the optimized layout of the part digital model and the determined target seat 2 position data, the laser projection area of ​​each part sub-layout layer is delineated in the optimized layout of the part digital model. The corresponding laser projection program is generated by commonly used drawing software in the aerospace industry (such as CATIA's generative shape design and Digitized Shape Editor module); The laser projector is started, and the outline, boundary and positioning reference of the sub-layout layer are projected onto the flat fixture according to the program. By matching the projected laser lines with the positioning of the target seat 2, the boundary line of the sub-layout layer area is formed on the fixture, so as to achieve precise positioning of each sub-layout layer.

[0091] S7, Projection effect check; run the laser projection program and manually check the projection display: confirm whether there is contour overlap (interference) between parts, check whether the projection of each sub-layer is complete and without missing parts, whether the boundaries are clear, and check whether the size of the projected lines is consistent with the theoretical digital model, to ensure the accuracy and feasibility of subsequent tiling operations.

[0092] S8, Sub-lay operation; According to the sub-lay outline and positioning reference projected by the laser projector, manual or automated equipment sequentially lays the sub-lays: After cutting the prepreg according to the projection boundary, it is accurately laid on the corresponding position on the flat fixture to ensure that each layer is aligned with the projection outline, while avoiding bubbles and wrinkles, and completing the layer-by-layer laying of the parts.

[0093] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0094] To further illustrate the effects of the embodiments of the present invention, the following experiments were conducted.

[0095] Four different configuration parts were manufactured using both conventional positioning and the present invention, and the differences in manufacturing process and part quality were recorded.

[0096] Manufacturing process: Traditional positioning methods require repeatedly finding reference points to position each part individually, while this invention confirms the reference point once and achieves the positioning of multiple parts.

[0097] Part Quality: Surface inspection was performed on parts formed using two different methods. The results showed that, with the traditional positioning method, one part's surface was within ±0.3mm, while the other three parts were near the extreme tolerance values ​​required for the parts, with one part even exhibiting some areas exceeding the tolerance. In contrast, all four parts manufactured using the example of this invention were within ±0.2mm. Therefore, it can be concluded that the parts manufactured using the example of this invention have more accurate and reliable surface profiles.

[0098] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention not only save manufacturing time and labor costs and improve manufacturing efficiency, but also simplify the operation process and control the surface quality of the parts.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention and within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser projection positioning system for composite material sublayups, characterized in that, The system includes: The target (1) adopts a standardized geometric feature shape, is pre-integrated into the design model of various structural parts, and is connected to the target base (2) through the end protrusion of the standardized geometric feature shape; The target holder (2) is installed on the surface of parts or molds of different sizes and shapes through an adjustable fixing structure; The target mounting connecting shaft (3) is a long cylindrical part with shaft segments of different diameters at both ends. It presents a stepped shaft feature and is used to connect multiple target mounts (2) so that multiple target mounts (2) can capture positioning references in a laser projection system. The target holder (2) is provided with multiple target holes (4). The target holes (4) adopt a countersunk design and the opening is machined with a stepped recessed structure. The protruding part at the end of the target point (1) is installed in the target hole (4). The target base (2) has a target base connection hole (5) at the center of each of its four sides. The target base connection hole (5) adopts a countersunk design and a stepped recessed structure is machined at the opening. The target base connection shaft (3) is installed in the target base connection hole (5). The target mounting connecting shaft (3) includes target mounting connecting shafts (3) of different lengths; Based on the part size and positioning requirements, the target mounting connecting shaft (3) of different lengths and the target mounting connecting holes (5) around the target mount (2) are combined to form an adaptation positioning system that can adapt to small and medium-sized parts to large and complex structures.

2. The composite material plywood laser projection positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target point (1) adopts standardized geometric feature shapes, including circular marks and coded graphic geometric feature shapes; the target point (1) is adaptable to various types of flat plates, curved surfaces, and irregular parts.

3. The composite material sublay laser projection positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable fixing structure of the target holder (2) adopts magnetic suction, snap-on, and fine-tuning knob; The magnetic type uses a magnetic material layer (6); By cooperating with the target point (1) and the target holder (2), the laser projection system identifies and calibrates the target point, enabling the same device to position the sub-layouts of various structural parts.

4. The composite material sublay laser projection positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the adaptation requirements of large-size and complex structure parts, a target seat (2) is added every time the distance exceeds a certain limit, so that the target point (1) evenly covers the part area.

5. A laser projection positioning method for composite material sublayments, characterized in that, The method using the composite material sublay laser projection positioning system according to any one of claims 1-4 includes: S1, Basic tooling preparation; Prepare a flat tooling as a basic support platform to provide a reference carrier for the positioning of the target point (1) and the target seat (2); S2, Part Layout and Coordinate System 1; For pre-produced parts with multiple configurations or multiple parts of the same configuration, compact and optimized layout is achieved through digital simulation on a flat fixture to obtain a digital model of the optimized layout of the parts. At the same time, the design coordinate system of each part is mapped to the unified coordinate system of the flat fixture, and the positioning reference of all parts is unified through coordinate transformation, so as to provide a consistent coordinate reference for subsequent target seat (2) movement positioning and sub-layout position calibration. S3, Sub-layout boundary confirmation; Based on the digital simulation layout completed in step S2, extract and confirm the precise boundary of each part sub-layout in a unified coordinate system, including the contour boundary, key hole position, and edge transition area, determine the spatial range and positioning reference point of each sub-layout, and provide specific boundary parameters for target seat (2) installation and laser projection positioning; S4, Target point location selection; Based on the sub-layout positioning boundary and unified coordinate system confirmed in step S3, target points are set at key corners, symmetry centers or boundary intersections of the part sub-layout (1), and each sub-layout has at least 3 non-collinear target points. S5, Target coordinate data extraction; S6, Laser projection program generation and positioning matching; S7, Projection effect check; S8, Sub-layer laying operation.

6. The laser projection positioning method for composite material sublayments according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S5, target coordinate data extraction, includes: Based on the target point (1) placement position determined in step S4, the target point (1) is designed and virtually placed in the optimized layout of the digital model of the part; then, with the reference of the flat tooling, the coordinate data of each target point (1) in the unified coordinate system of the tooling is directly extracted by the model measurement software as the reference parameter for laser projection positioning. Step S6, laser projection program generation and positioning matching includes: Based on the optimized layout of the digital model of the parts and the determined position data of the target seat (2), the laser projection area of ​​each sub-layout layer of the parts is delineated in the optimized layout of the digital model of the parts, and the corresponding laser projection program is generated; the laser projector is started, and the outline, boundary and positioning reference of the sub-layout layer are projected onto the flat tooling according to the program. The positioning of each sub-layout layer is achieved by matching the positioning of the projected laser lines with the target seat (2). Step S7, Projection Effect Check, includes running the laser projection program and manually checking the projection display. Step S8, the sub-layer laying operation includes: Based on the sub-layer outline and positioning reference projected by the laser projector, the sub-layers are laid in sequence by manual or automated equipment.

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