Agricultural waste utilization processing device

Abstract

This invention discloses an agricultural waste utilization and treatment device, belonging to the field of waste straw treatment technology. It mainly includes a crushing mechanism and a driving mechanism. A material distribution mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing mechanism, and an adjusting component is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A partition is fixedly connected in the middle of the material distribution mechanism, with a straight discharge port and a feeding port at both ends of the partition. A shredding mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feeding port, and a speed reduction component is rotatably installed at the bottom of the shredding mechanism. A screening mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the shredding mechanism, and a briquetting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening mechanism. This invention, by setting up this environmentally friendly agricultural waste utilization and treatment device, can perform crushing, cutting, shredding, screening, and briquetting operations on waste straw. Furthermore, different processes can be adjusted according to different types of straw and different uses, flexibly adjusting the treatment process to avoid waste. This invention is mainly used for the full treatment of agricultural waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste straw treatment technology, and more specifically, relates to an agricultural waste utilization and treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] This device is an integrated processing equipment adapted to agricultural fields and centralized straw collection points. Its core design revolves around straw volume reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness. It can quickly process crop straws such as wheat, corn, and rice into usable agricultural and industrial raw materials, with low energy consumption and no secondary pollution throughout the process.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number "CN109382390A" discloses a pretreatment device for straw agricultural waste materials, including a cleaning box, a crushing box, a collecting box, and a compression box. The cleaning box has rollers rotatably connected inside, and the rollers are connected to the output shaft of a first motor via a belt. The crushing box is located on the lower side of the extension of the screen plate inside the cleaning box. The collecting box is located below the discharge port of the crushing box. The compression box is located on the left side of the collecting box. The collecting box has push plates slidably connected inside via two first hydraulic cylinders. The push plates directly push the material that has fallen into the collecting box and mixed with the adhesive into the compression box for compression. In addition, the device also has a stirring device, so that the straw crushed material and adhesive are mixed more evenly.

[0004] In later use, the device still has the following problems: different types of straw, different hardness, different dryness, and different uses all require different processing methods. The device has a single processing method and cannot meet the diverse needs of farmers. For example, corn straw is harder than wheat straw and requires additional cutting. Fresh straw is suitable for animal feed, while dry straw is suitable for fuel. Sheep feed needs to be finer than cattle feed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an agricultural waste utilization and treatment device. This environmentally friendly agricultural waste utilization and treatment device can perform crushing, cutting, shredding, screening, and briquetting of waste straw. It can also adjust different processes according to different types of straw and different uses, flexibly adjust the treatment process, greatly improve the utilization rate of straw and avoid waste.

[0006] The aforementioned agricultural waste utilization and treatment device includes a crushing mechanism and a driving mechanism. A crushing component, comprising a cutter and a crushing spade, is rotatably connected inside the crushing mechanism. Two large pulleys, a first and a second, are fixedly connected to the outside of the crushing component. A material distribution mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing mechanism, and an adjusting component is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A partition is fixedly connected in the middle of the material distribution mechanism, with a straight discharge port and a discharge port at its two ends. A material distribution plate is rotatably installed on the top of the partition. A feed pipe is fixedly connected to the straight discharge port. A shredding mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge port. A shredding wheel is rotatably connected inside the shredding mechanism, and two large pulleys, a third and a first, are fixedly connected to the outside of the shredding wheel. A shredding base is fitted at the bottom of the shredding wheel. A reduction gear is rotatably installed at the bottom of the shredding mechanism, and two small pulleys, a second and a fourth, are fixedly connected to the reduction gear. A screening mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the shredding mechanism, with a screening chamber and a discharge chamber inside. A rotating screen is rotatably connected inside the screening chamber. A pressing mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, a material distribution trough is fixedly provided on the side wall of the material distribution mechanism. A pull rod 1 extends from the top of the material distribution plate to both sides and slides with the material distribution trough. A limiting slide groove 1 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the material distribution trough. A rotating hole is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting slide groove 1 and a material feeding plate is rotatably connected to the rotating hole. A pull rod 2 extends from the other end of the material feeding plate to both sides and a locking block is fixedly connected to the pull rod 2. A slide rail is fixedly provided at the bottom of the limiting slide groove 1 and a material feeding trough is fixedly provided at the bottom of the slide rail. The pull rod 2 slides with the material feeding trough.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment handle, a tension spring, a transmission slide frame, and a transmission slide rod. The adjustment handle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A sliding plate is provided inside the adjustment handle. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment handle. A sliding opening is fixedly opened on the inner side wall of the adjustment handle. A locking block extends into the interior of the adjustment handle through the sliding opening and slides with the adjustment handle. Limiting grooves are fixedly opened on both side walls of the adjustment handle. The bottom of the transmission slide frame is slidably connected to the slide rail. A second limiting groove is fixedly opened on the upper part of the transmission slide frame and slides with the drive shaft. A push frame is fixedly opened on the lower part of the transmission slide frame. The inner side of the transmission slide rod is slidably connected to the first limiting groove. The outer side of the transmission slide rod cooperates with the push frame. The middle part of the transmission slide rod is rotatably connected to the tension spring. The other end of the tension spring is rotatably connected to the first pull rod.

[0009] Preferably, a pressure cap is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate, a pressure spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressure cap, the other end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting handle, and protrusions are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding plate. The protrusions are slidably connected to the limiting pressure grooves, and the sliding plate cooperates with the locking blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing mechanism is rotatably connected to a top cover, a feed inlet is fixedly provided on the top of the top cover, a feed inlet is fixedly provided at the rear of the top cover, and a filter screen is fixedly installed inside the crushing mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, a discharge port is fixedly opened at the bottom of the screening chamber, a feed pipe is fixedly opened at the top of the screening chamber, the top of the feed pipe is fixedly connected to the shredding mechanism, a fixed retaining ring is fixedly connected at the rear of the screening chamber, a second grass-removing tooth is fixedly provided on the fixed retaining ring, a turning paddle is fixedly connected at the front of the rotating screen, a first grass-removing tooth is fixedly connected at the rear of the rotating screen, and a large pulley is fixedly connected at the front of the rotating screen.

[0012] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A drive pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. A transmission belt is connected between the drive pulley and the second large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the first large pulley and the third large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the first small pulley and the fourth large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the second small pulley and the fifth large pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the briquetting mechanism is fixedly provided with an upper feed port, which is fixedly connected to a feed pipe. The side wall of the briquetting mechanism is fixedly provided with a side feed port, which is fixedly connected to the discharge chamber through a connecting pipe. A briquetting assembly one is fixedly installed at the rear of the briquetting mechanism, a briquetting assembly two is fixedly installed at the front of the briquetting mechanism, and a briquetting outlet is also provided at the front of the briquetting mechanism.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The waste diversion path can be controlled by adjusting the components to adapt to different processing needs. When straw is used to feed animals, the distribution plate is rotated by adjusting the components to block the direct discharge port, allowing the crushed straw to enter the subsequent processing equipment through the feed port for further softening and screening to make it edible for animals. In addition, the deflection angle of the feed plate can be adjusted by adjusting the components to change the opening width of the feed port and control the feeding speed, and adjust the degree of straw crushing according to the feeding habits of the animals that consume the feed. When straw is used as fuel, the distribution plate is rotated by adjusting the components to block the feed port, allowing the crushed straw to enter the briquetting mechanism directly through the direct discharge port. The briquetting is stored directly for use without going through a complicated subsequent processing process.

[0016] 2. The screening mechanism is equipped with grass-removing teeth and a rotating screen to agitate and screen the shredded material, preventing hard objects such as stones from getting mixed in and removing excessively crushed debris to avoid causing food accumulation in the animal's stomach.

[0017] 3. This environmentally friendly agricultural waste utilization and treatment device can perform crushing, cutting, shredding, screening, and briquetting of waste straw. It can also adjust different processes according to different types of straw and different uses, flexibly adjust the processing flow, greatly improve the utilization rate of straw and avoid waste. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall rear structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing mechanism after the top cover is lifted.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drive mechanism;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the material distribution mechanism;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component on the material distribution mechanism;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the transmission slide frame, tension spring, and center slide rod.

[0027] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the top structure of the throttle and sliding plate;

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the throttle and sliding plate for adjusting the throttle;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screening mechanism;

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screening chamber and the feeding chamber of the screening mechanism;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the rotating screen and the fixed retaining ring inside the screening mechanism.

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the briquetting mechanism;

[0033] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the briquetting mechanism.

[0034] In the diagram, 1. Crushing mechanism; 101. Top cover; 101A. Feed inlet 1; 101B. Feed inlet 2; 102. Crushing assembly; 102A. Cutter; 102B. Crushing blade; 102C. Large pulley 1; 102D. Large pulley 2; 103. Filter screen; 2. Material distribution mechanism; 201. Straight discharge port; 202. Baffle plate; 203. Discharge port; 204. Material distribution chute; 205. Limiting slide 1; 206. Rotary hole; 2 07. Slide rail; 208. Feeding chute; 3. Kneading mechanism; 301. Kneading roller; 302. Large pulley three; 303. Small pulley one; 304. Kneading base; 305. Small pulley two; 306. Large pulley four; 4. Screening mechanism; 401. Feeding pipe; 402. Screening chamber; 402A. Impurity discharge port; 403. Feeding chamber; 404. Rotating screen; 404A. Tilting paddle; 404B. Large pulley five; 404 C. Grass-removing tooth one; 405. Fixed retaining ring; 405A. Grass-removing tooth two; 5. Brick-pressing mechanism; 501. Upper feed port; 502. Side feed port; 503. Brick-pressing assembly one; 504. Brick-pressing assembly two; 505. Brick-pressing outlet; 6. Feed pipe; 7. Drive mechanism; 701. Drive motor; 702. Drive pulley; 703. Transmission belt one; 704. Transmission belt two; 705. Transmission belt three; 706. Transmission belt four; 8. 801 Adjustment Components; 801 Adjustment Throttle; 801A Drive Shaft; 801B Limiting Groove; 801C Slide Opening; 802 Sliding Plate; 802A Pressure Cap; 802B Protrusion; 803 Compression Spring; 804 Tension Spring; 805 Transmission Slide Frame; 805A Push Frame; 805B Limiting Groove II; 806 Transmission Slide Rod; 9. Material Distribution Plate; 901 Pull Rod I; 10. Material Discharge Plate; 1001 Clamping Block. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0036] The directional terms used in the detailed description paragraphs are only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions described in this application based on the visual orientation shown in the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "setting," "installing," "connecting," etc., should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this invention discloses an agricultural waste utilization and treatment device, mainly used for the integrated treatment of agricultural waste such as straw, dead branches, and weeds; the agricultural waste utilization and treatment device includes a crushing mechanism 1 and a driving mechanism 7. The crushing mechanism 1 has a hollow cavity structure, and a crushing component 102 is rotatably connected inside the crushing mechanism 1. The crushing component 102 includes a cutter 102A and a crushing blade 102B. The crushing blade 102B is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the crushing component 102, and the cutter 102A is used to initially cut long strips of agricultural waste.

[0038] The crushing assembly 102 is externally fixedly connected to two large pulleys, 102C and 102D. A material distribution mechanism 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing mechanism 1. An adjusting component 8 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism 2. The adjusting component 8 controls the flow path of the waste to adapt to different processing needs. When the straw is used to feed animals, the adjusting component 8 controls the rotation of the material distribution plate 9, blocking the direct discharge port 201, allowing the crushed straw to enter the subsequent processing equipment through the discharge port 203 for further softening and screening to achieve the desired effect. The degree to which the straw is edible for animals can be adjusted. In addition, the deflection angle of the feeding plate 10 can be adjusted by adjusting component 8, thereby changing the opening width of the feeding port 203 and controlling the feeding speed. The degree of shredding of the straw can be changed according to the feeding habits of the animals that consume the feed. When the straw is used as fuel, the distribution plate 9 is rotated by adjusting component 8 to block the feeding port 203, so that the crushed straw can directly enter the briquetting mechanism 5 through the straight discharge port 201. The briquetting is stored directly for use without going through a complicated subsequent processing process.

[0039] A partition 202 is fixedly connected to the middle of the material distribution mechanism 2. The two ends of the partition 202 are a straight discharge port 201 and a discharge port 203, respectively. The straight discharge port 201 is used to output waste particles that do not require further refining, mainly for use as biomass fuel. The discharge port 203 is used to convey materials that require subsequent shredding, mainly for processing into animal feed. A material distribution plate 9 is rotatably mounted on the top of the partition 202. The size of the material distribution plate 9 is adapted to the internal cross-section of the material distribution mechanism 2, and it can rotate around a hinge to open or close the straight discharge port 201 or the discharge port 203. A feed pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the straight discharge port 201. The feed tube 6 is made of wear-resistant plastic material. A shredding mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the feed inlet 203. The shredding mechanism 3 is a cavity structure with an open top. A shredding wheel 301 is rotatably connected inside the shredding mechanism 3. Several shredding teeth are evenly distributed on the surface of the shredding wheel 301. A large pulley 302 and a small pulley 303 are fixedly connected to the outside of the shredding wheel 301. A rubbing base 304 is provided at the bottom of the shredding wheel 301. The surface of the base 304 is provided with grooves that match the shredding teeth. Through the rotation of the shredding wheel 301 and the cooperation of the rubbing base 304, the material is finely shredded.

[0040] A speed reduction assembly is rotatably installed at the bottom of the shredding mechanism 3. The speed reduction assembly can reduce the input speed to a speed suitable for subsequent mechanisms. If the speed of the shredding mechanism 3 and the crushing mechanism 1 is too fast, it needs to be reduced to reach the speed suitable for the screening mechanism 4. A small pulley 2 305 and a large pulley 4 306 are fixedly connected to the speed reduction assembly. A screening mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the shredding mechanism 3. The screening mechanism 4 has a screening chamber 402 and a feeding chamber 403 inside. The screening mechanism 4 is divided into the screening chamber 402 and the feeding chamber 403 by a fixed retaining ring 405. The screening chamber 402 is used to screen the shredded material to avoid hard objects, such as stones, from being mixed in. The feeding chamber 403 is used to collect the qualified material after screening and enter the briquetting mechanism 5 through the connecting pipe.

[0041] A rotating screen 404 is rotatably connected inside the screening chamber 402. A briquetting mechanism 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening mechanism 4. The briquetting mechanism 5 compresses the processed straw into blocks, reducing its volume and facilitating storage and stacking. This environmentally friendly agricultural waste utilization and treatment device can perform various treatments on waste straw. Different processes can be adjusted according to different types of straw and different uses, allowing for flexible processing and greatly improving the utilization rate of straw, thus avoiding waste.

[0042] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a material distribution trough 204 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the material distribution mechanism 2. The material distribution trough 204 has an arc-shaped structure, and its curvature is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the material distribution plate 9. A pull rod 901 extends from the top of the material distribution plate 9 to both sides. The pull rod 901 slides in conjunction with the material distribution trough 204. The movement of the pull rod 901 can drive the material distribution plate 9 to rotate around the hinge. When the material distribution plate 9 deflects to the left, the straw is processed into feed. When the material distribution plate 9 deflects to the right, the straw is processed into fuel. A limiting slide groove 205 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the material distribution trough 204. The limiting slide groove 205 is shaped with the sides curving upward and the middle concave. Under the pull of the tension spring 804, the transmission slide rod 806 stops at both ends of the limiting slide groove 205. When the transmission slide rod 806 stops on the left side under the push of the transmission slide frame 805, the material distribution plate 9 deflects to the left to block the straight discharge port 201. The same applies to the opposite side.

[0043] During most of its stroke, the transmission slide frame 805 does not contact the transmission slide rod 806. Only when the transmission slide frame 805 moves to the most inclined section can it contact and push the transmission slide rod 806, causing the transmission slide rod 806 to pass the lowest point in the middle of the limiting slide groove. Then, under the pull of the tension spring 804, it moves and stops at the other end of the limiting slide groove 205, thereby allowing the material distribution plate 9 to rotate. Therefore, the orientation of the material distribution plate 9 is either deflected to the leftmost end or deflected to the rightmost end. Through the setting of the transmission slide rod 806, the limiting slide groove 205 and the tension spring 804, the material distribution plate 9 is prevented from changing in real time when the adjustment component 8 is rotated, which would cause incomplete blockage and allow the crushed straw to enter the two sets of channels.

[0044] A rotating hole 206 is fixedly provided on one side of the limiting slide groove 205. The rotating hole 206 is rotatably connected to the feeding plate 10, which can rotate around the rotating hole 206 to help control the feed amount of the feeding port 203, thereby adjusting the shredding quality of the shredding mechanism 3. When the feed is used to feed sheep, the feed amount is reduced and the shredding effect is finer. When the feed is used to feed cattle, the feed amount is increased and the shredding effect is coarser. A pull rod 2 extends to both sides from the other end of the feeding plate 10. A locking block 1001 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 2 for positioning and locking in cooperation with the adjusting component 8. A slide rail 207 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the limiting slide groove 205. A feeding rotating groove 208 is fixedly opened at the bottom of the slide rail 207. The feeding rotating groove 208 has an arc-shaped structure and is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the feeding plate 10. The pull rod 2 slides in cooperation with the feeding rotating groove 208.

[0045] like Figure 7 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the adjustment component 8 includes an adjustment handle 801, a tension spring 804, a transmission slide frame 805, and a transmission slide rod 806. By setting the adjustment component 8, according to different processing requirements, after pressing the cap 802A, the adjustment handle 801 is turned to the limit position to adjust the direction of the material. Then, the position of the adjustment handle 801 is carefully changed back to change the amount of material fed and adjust the degree of straw shredding. The adjusting handle 801 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the distributing mechanism 2. The operator can control the position of the distributing plate 9 and the feeding plate 10 by rotating the adjusting handle 801. The adjusting handle 801 is equipped with a sliding plate 802. The top of the adjusting handle 801 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 801A. The inner side wall of the adjusting handle 801 is fixedly provided with a sliding opening 801C. The locking block 1001 extends into the adjusting handle 801 through the sliding opening 801C. The pull rod 2 is slidably engaged with the sliding opening 801C. As the angle of the adjusting handle 801 changes, the pull rod 2 pulls the feeding plate 10, and the tilt angle of the feeding plate 10 also changes, thus changing the amount of material entering the kneading mechanism 3.

[0046] The locking block 1001 is slidably engaged with the adjusting handle 801. Limiting grooves 801B are fixedly provided on both side walls of the adjusting handle 801. The limiting grooves 801B are elongated, inclined grooves used to limit the sliding direction of the sliding plate 802. The bottom of the transmission slide frame 805 is slidably connected to the slide rail 207. A second limiting groove 805B is fixedly provided on the upper part of the transmission slide frame 805. The second limiting groove 805B is slidably engaged with the drive shaft 801A, allowing the drive shaft 801A to rotate. When the adjustment handle 801 is adjusted, the drive shaft 801A pushes the transmission slide frame 805 to move. When the adjustment handle 801 is rotated to the limit angle range, the transmission slide frame 805 also slides to the farthest distance. At this time, the transmission slide frame 805 pushes the transmission slide rod 806 to slide on the limit slide groove 205, and under the pull of the tension spring 804, it drives the material distribution plate 9 to deflect, thereby changing the processing path of waste straw.

[0047] A push frame 805A is fixedly provided at the lower part of the transmission slide frame 805. The inner side of the transmission slide rod 806 is slidably connected to the limiting slide groove 205, and the outer side of the transmission slide rod 806 cooperates with the push frame 805A. When the transmission slide frame 805 moves to a position close to both ends, the push frame 805A can drive the transmission slide rod 806 to move along the limiting slide groove 205. The middle part of the transmission slide rod 806 is rotatably connected to the tension spring 804, and the other end of the tension spring 804 is rotatably connected to the pull rod 901. Under the pull of the tension spring 804, the transmission slide rod 806 and the pull rod 901 always tend to move closer together.

[0048] like Figure 11 As shown, a pressure cap 802A is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 802, and a pressure spring 803 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressure cap 802A. The other end of the pressure spring 803 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting handle 801. The elastic force of the pressure spring 803 can push the sliding plate 802 downward to achieve the positioning function. By setting the sliding plate 802, when the sliding plate 802 is pushed by the pressure spring 803 and guided by the limiting pressure groove 801B, the bottom of the sliding plate 802 presses the locking block 1001 to lock the relative position of the feeding plate 10 and the adjusting handle 801.

[0049] The sliding plate 802 has protrusions 802B fixedly connected to both sides. The protrusions 802B are slidably connected to the limiting grooves 801B to ensure the stability of the sliding plate 802 when it slides up and down. The sliding plate 802 cooperates with the locking block 1001. By pressing the sliding plate 802, the locking block 1001 can be fixed in a designated position, thereby realizing the positioning of the material distribution plate 9 and the unloading plate 10 and preventing displacement during operation.

[0050] like Figure 3As shown, a top cover 101 is rotatably connected to the top of the crushing mechanism 1. The top cover 101 can be opened by hinge, facilitating the maintenance and cleaning of the crushing components 102 and filter screen 103 inside the crushing mechanism 1. A feed inlet 101A is fixedly provided on the top of the top cover 101. Feed inlet 101A is used to process softer straw; its large inlet area is suitable for processing large quantities of straw directly for crushing. A second feed inlet 101B is fixedly provided at the rear of the top cover 101. Feed inlet 101B is used to process harder straw. Straw entering through this inlet is first cut by the cutter 102A to reduce its volume before being crushed, improving processing efficiency. A filter screen 103 is fixedly installed inside the crushing mechanism 1. The crushed material slides down the filter screen 103 to the distribution mechanism 2. Filter screens 103 with different apertures can be replaced according to actual processing needs; this can be used to intercept large particles that do not meet the crushing requirements, ensuring that the particle size of the material entering the distribution mechanism 2 meets the subsequent processing standards.

[0051] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, a discharge port 402A is fixedly provided at the bottom of the screening chamber 402. The discharge port 402A is used to discharge hard particles and overly fine straw fragments screened out by the rotating screen 404, so as to avoid adverse effects on animals after consumption. A feed pipe 401 is fixedly provided at the top of the screening chamber 402. The top of the feed pipe 401 is fixedly connected to the shredding mechanism 3, and the straw processed by the shredding mechanism 3 is introduced into the screening chamber 402 for screening under the agitation of the rotating screen 404. A fixed retaining ring 405 is fixedly connected to the rear of the screening chamber 402. The fixed baffle ring 405 is coaxially arranged with the rotating screen 404; the middle part of the fixed baffle ring 405 extends forward into the screening chamber 402. As the straw is stirred by the rotating screen 404, it moves backward to the area of ​​the fixed baffle ring 405. With the cooperation of the straw-pulling teeth, the straw is further stirred to enhance the screening effect. At the same time, the straw-pulling teeth 404C push the straw upward along the outer wall of the fixed baffle ring 405 and finally fall into the fixed baffle ring 405 from the top. Under the action of gravity, it passes through the feeding chamber 403 and finally enters the briquetting mechanism 5.

[0052] The fixed retaining ring 405 is fixedly provided with grass-removing teeth 405A, the front of the rotating screen 404 is fixedly connected with a material-turning paddle 404A, and the rear of the rotating screen 404 is fixedly connected with grass-removing teeth 404C. The grass-removing teeth 404C and grass-removing teeth 405A are arranged alternately to comb and agitate the tangled material in the material, allowing the debris and stones mixed in the straw to fall out and be discharged from the discharge port 402A, thereby improving the screening effect of straw. The front end of the rotating screen 404 is fixedly connected with a large pulley 404B.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the drive mechanism 7 includes a drive motor 701, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism 2. The drive motor 701 is a variable frequency speed control motor, which can adjust the speed according to the type and quantity of materials being processed, thereby improving the adaptability of the device. A drive pulley 702 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 701. A transmission belt 703 connects the drive pulley 702 and the large pulley 102D. The power of the drive motor 701 is transmitted to the crushing assembly 102 through the transmission belt 703, thereby driving the crushing assembly. The pulverizing component 102 rotates to achieve the pulverizing function; a transmission belt 704 connects the large pulley 102C and the large pulley 302 to transmit the power of the pulverizing component 102 to the kneading wheel 301, driving the kneading wheel 301 to rotate and achieve the kneading function; a transmission belt 705 connects the small pulley 303 and the large pulley 306 to transmit the power of the kneading wheel 301 to the reduction component; a transmission belt 706 connects the small pulley 305 and the large pulley 404B. The transmission belt 706 connecting the small pulley 205 and the large pulley 404B transmits the power to the rotating screen 404, driving the rotating screen 404 to rotate and achieve the screening function. The entire transmission system uses pulley drive, which is simple in structure and easy to maintain.

[0054] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the briquetting mechanism 5 has an upper feed port 501 fixedly opened at the top, which is fixedly connected to the feed pipe 6. The briquetting mechanism 5 has a side feed port 502 fixedly opened on the side wall, which is fixedly connected to the discharge chamber 403 through a connecting pipe. The upper feed port 501 is fixedly connected to the feed pipe 6 and can receive materials from the direct discharge port 201. The side feed port 502 is fixedly connected to the discharge chamber 403 through a connecting pipe and is used to receive qualified materials after screening, realizing the briquetting operation of materials with two different processing paths. A briquetting assembly 1 503 is fixedly installed at the rear of the briquetting mechanism 5, and a briquetting assembly 2 504 is fixedly installed at the front of the briquetting mechanism 5. A briquetting outlet 505 is also opened at the front of the briquetting mechanism 5.

[0055] Both briquetting assembly 1 (503) and briquetting assembly 2 (504) adopt a hydraulic drive structure, including a hydraulic cylinder and a briquetting plate. The hydraulic cylinder drives the briquetting plate to move, thereby extruding the material and improving the molding effect. The processed straw enters the briquetting mechanism 5. First, under the extrusion of briquetting assembly 1 (503), it is concentrated and pressed to the front of the briquetting mechanism 5. Then, briquetting assembly 2 (504) pushes out, pushing the compressed straw from the briquetting outlet 505. Then, briquetting assembly 2 (504) retracts, and then briquetting assembly 1 (503) retracts. After the straw fills the interior of the briquetting mechanism 5, it is compressed again.

[0056] This device uses the drive mechanism 7 as its core power source, providing energy for the entire process of crushing, shredding, screening, and briquetting via belt drive. The core mechanism, the adjusting component 8, controls the material distribution mechanism 2 to achieve differentiated processing of fuel-type and feed-type straw. It can flexibly switch processing steps according to straw type (hardness / dryness) and intended use (fuel / different animal feed), completing the integrated and environmentally friendly processing of agricultural straw from raw material to finished product. The entire process is low-energy and produces no secondary pollution. The specific working process is divided into fuel-type straw processing paths and feed-type straw processing paths, and includes the initial raw material matching and feeding, and the subsequent unified briquetting and forming stage. The overall process is as follows:

[0057] I. Initial Raw Material Matching, Feeding, and Preliminary Crushing

[0058] 1. Feeding adaptation: Select the corresponding feed port of the top cover 101 of the crushing mechanism 1 according to the hardness of the straw. Softer straw is directly fed from feed port 101A, while harder straw (such as corn straw) is fed from feed port 101B. It is first cut and reduced in volume by the cutter 102A of the crushing component 102 to adapt to the pretreatment needs of straw with different hardness.

[0059] 2. Uniform crushing: The drive mechanism 7 drives the crushing blade 102B of the crushing component 102 to rotate at high speed, crushing the fed straw. The crushed straw is screened by the filter screen 103 inside the crushing mechanism 1. Large particles that do not meet the particle size requirements are intercepted, and qualified particles slide down the filter screen 103 to the distribution mechanism 2 below. The filter screen 103 can be replaced with different apertures as needed to ensure the particle size standard of the raw materials for subsequent processing.

[0060] II. Core Diversion Adjustment: Dual Path Switching (achieved by Adjustment Component 8 + Material Diversion Mechanism 2)

[0061] The partition 202 inside the feeding mechanism 2 divides its inner cavity into a direct discharge port 201 (fuel path) and a feed discharge port 203 (feed path). A rotatable feeding plate 9 is located at the top, and an adjustable-angle feed discharge plate 10 is located at the bottom. Switching between the two paths and adjusting the feed discharge amount in the feed path are achieved by operating the adjustment component 8. The specific adjustment logic is as follows:

[0062] 1. Press the cap 802A of the adjustment handle 801 to unlock the sliding plate 802. Move the adjustment handle 801 to the limit position. The drive shaft 801A drives the transmission slide frame 805 to move, pushing the transmission slide rod 806 to slide along the limit slide groove 205. Under the tension of the tension spring 804, the material distribution plate 9 rotates to completely block the straight discharge port 201 or the discharge port 203, realizing the path switching.

[0063] 2. After the path is switched, the adjustment handle 801 is turned back for fine adjustment. The sliding plate 802 is reset and locked under the action of the compression spring 803. At this time, the adjustment handle 801 pulls the second pull rod of the feed plate 10 through the slide 801C, changes the tilt angle of the feed plate 10, and thus adjusts the opening width of the feed port 203, controls the feed speed of the feed path, and adapts to the fineness requirements of different animal feeds (such as reducing the feed amount to achieve finer shredding when feeding sheep, and increasing the feed amount when feeding cattle).

[0064] 3. Path 1: Fuel straw processing (extremely simplified process, rapid volume reduction and briquetting)

[0065] When straw is used to make biomass fuel, the regulating component 8 controls the distribution plate 9 to block the discharge port 203. The crushed qualified straw particles pass through the direct discharge port 201 of the distribution mechanism 2 and directly enter the upper discharge port 501 of the briquetting mechanism 5 through the material pipe 6. There is no need to go through the shredding and screening process, which reduces energy consumption and processing time and meets the needs of making fuel from dried straw.

[0066] Pathway 2: Feed-grade straw processing (refined process, suitable for animal consumption)

[0067] When straw is used to make animal feed, the regulating component 8 controls the distribution plate 9 to block the direct discharge port 201. The crushed straw particles enter the subsequent shredding and screening processes through the discharge port 203 of the distribution mechanism 2. The discharge speed is adjusted in real time by the discharge plate 10. The specific process is as follows:

[0068] 1. Shredding and softening: After the straw pellets enter the shredding mechanism 3, the drive mechanism 7 drives the shredding wheel 301 to rotate. The shredding teeth on the surface of the shredding wheel 301 cooperate with the tooth grooves of the bottom shredding base 304 to perform fine shredding treatment on the straw, softening the straw to meet the taste and digestion requirements of animals. The fineness of shredding is dynamically adjusted with the feeding speed (the slower the feeding, the more thorough the shredding).

[0069] 2. Screening and Impurity Removal: After shredding, the straw enters the screening chamber 402 of the screening mechanism 4 through the feeding pipe 401. The drive mechanism 7 drives the rotating screen 404 to rotate. The turning blades 404A of the rotating screen 404 agitate the material. The first grass-removing tooth 404C and the second grass-removing tooth 405A of the fixed baffle ring 405 work together to comb the material and enhance the screening effect.

[0070] Hard impurities (such as stones) mixed in the straw and excessively crushed fine straw fragments are screened by rotating screen 404 and discharged from the bottom discharge port 402A of screening chamber 402 to avoid food accumulation in the stomach of animals after consumption.

[0071] The qualified shredded straw is pushed upward along the outer wall of the fixed retaining ring 405 by the straw-pulling teeth and falls into its inner cavity. It then enters the side feed port 502 of the briquetting mechanism 5 through the feeding chamber 403 and the connecting pipe.

[0072] V. Subsequent unified briquetting (dual-path material collection, volume reduction for easy storage)

[0073] The briquetting mechanism 5 receives straw pellets discharged directly from the fuel path and shredded straw after screening from the feed path, and completes briquetting through a dual hydraulic briquetting assembly. The specific process is as follows:

[0074] 1. After the straw material enters the inner cavity of the briquetting mechanism 5, the hydraulic cylinder of the briquetting assembly 503 drives the briquetting plate to move, concentrating and squeezing the material to the front of the briquetting mechanism 5.

[0075] 2. The hydraulic cylinder of the briquetting assembly 2 504 drives the briquetting plate to push out, pushing the compressed straw from the briquetting outlet 505, thus completing the briquetting process;

[0076] 3. After briquetting is completed, briquetting component 2 504 is retracted first, followed by briquetting component 1 503. After the material fills the inner cavity, the compression operation is repeated. The volume of straw after briquetting is greatly reduced, making it easier to store, transport and use.

[0077] This invention, by setting up an environmentally friendly agricultural waste utilization and treatment device, can perform crushing, cutting, shredding, screening, and briquetting of waste straw. Furthermore, different processes can be adjusted according to different types of straw and different uses, flexibly adjusting the processing flow, which greatly improves the utilization rate of straw and avoids waste.

Claims

1. An agricultural waste utilization and treatment device, characterized in that: The system includes a crushing mechanism and a drive mechanism. The crushing mechanism has a rotatably connected crushing component, which includes a cutter and a crushing spade. Large pulleys one and two are fixedly connected to the outside of the crushing component. A material distribution mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing mechanism, and an adjusting component is rotatably installed on its outer wall. A partition is fixedly connected in the middle of the material distribution mechanism, with a straight discharge port and a discharge port at its two ends. A material distribution plate is rotatably installed on the top of the partition. A feed pipe is fixedly connected to the straight discharge port. A shredding mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge port, and a shredding wheel is rotatably connected inside the shredding mechanism. Large pulley three and small pulley one are fixedly connected to the outside of the shredding wheel. A shredding base is fitted at the bottom of the shredding wheel. A reduction gear is rotatably installed at the bottom of the shredding mechanism, and small pulley two and large pulley four are fixedly connected to the reduction gear. A screening mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the shredding mechanism, with a screening chamber and a discharge chamber inside. A rotating mechanism is rotatably connected inside the screening chamber. The screen is movable, and a pressing mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening mechanism. A material distribution trough is fixedly opened on the side wall of the material distribution mechanism. A pull rod extends from the top of the material distribution plate to both sides and slides with the pull rod. A limiting groove is fixedly opened at the bottom of the material distribution trough, and a slide rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the limiting groove. The adjustment assembly includes an adjustment handle, a tension spring, a transmission slide frame, and a transmission slide rod. The adjustment handle is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment handle. The bottom of the transmission slide frame is slidably connected to the slide rail. A limiting groove is fixedly opened at the top of the transmission slide frame and slides with the drive shaft. A push frame is fixedly opened at the bottom of the transmission slide frame. The inner side of the transmission slide rod is slidably connected to the limiting groove, and the outer side of the transmission slide rod is engaged with the push frame. The middle part of the transmission slide rod is rotatably connected to the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is rotatably connected to the pull rod. The limiting groove is shaped with both sides curving upwards and the middle concave.

2. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the limiting slide is fixedly provided with a rotating hole, and a material feeding plate is rotatably connected to the rotating hole. The other end of the material feeding plate extends to both sides with a pull rod two. A locking block is fixedly connected to the pull rod two. A material feeding rotating groove is fixedly opened at the bottom of the slide rail, and the pull rod two slides in cooperation with the material feeding rotating groove.

3. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment handle is equipped with a sliding plate inside, and a sliding opening is fixedly opened on the inner side wall of the adjustment handle. The locking block extends into the interior of the adjustment handle through the sliding opening and slides with the adjustment handle. Limiting grooves are fixedly opened on both side walls of the adjustment handle.

4. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure cap is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate, and a pressure spring is fixedly connected to the inner side of the pressure cap. The other end of the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the adjusting handle. Protrusions are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding plate, and the protrusions are slidably connected to the limiting pressure groove. The sliding plate cooperates with the locking block.

5. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism is rotatably connected to a top cover, with a feed inlet 1 fixedly located on the top of the top cover and a feed inlet 2 fixedly located at the rear of the top cover. A filter screen is fixedly installed inside the crushing mechanism.

6. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the screening chamber is fixedly provided with a discharge port, the upper part of the screening chamber is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, the top of the feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the shredding mechanism, the rear part of the screening chamber is fixedly connected with a fixed retaining ring, the fixed retaining ring is fixedly provided with two grass-removing teeth, the front part of the rotating screen is fixedly connected with a turning paddle, the rear part of the rotating screen is fixedly connected with one grass-removing tooth, and the front end of the rotating screen is fixedly connected with a large pulley five.

7. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a drive motor, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the material distribution mechanism. A drive pulley is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. A transmission belt is connected between the drive pulley and the second large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the first large pulley and the third large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the first small pulley and the fourth large pulley. A transmission belt is connected between the second small pulley and the fifth large pulley.

8. The agricultural waste utilization and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the briquetting mechanism is fixedly provided with an upper material inlet, which is fixedly connected to the material inlet pipe. The side wall of the briquetting mechanism is fixedly provided with a side material inlet, which is fixedly connected to the material outlet through a connecting pipe. A briquetting assembly one is fixedly installed at the rear of the briquetting mechanism, and a briquetting assembly two is fixedly installed at the front of the briquetting mechanism. A briquetting outlet is also provided at the front of the briquetting mechanism.

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