Camellia oleifera machine breeding method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a camellia oleifera machine-friendly variety breeding method and system, and relates to the field of camellia oleifera breeding. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a camellia oleifera machine-friendly variety breeding trait set with the goal of improving the mechanical passing adaptability, the picking adaptability, the concentrated operation adaptability and the mechanical collision resistance of the camellia oleifera forest; initially selecting camellia oleifera single plants; establishing a camellia oleifera machine-friendly trait evaluation model, giving the machine-friendly traits a weight higher than the yield or the oil content, and using the model to quantitatively screen excellent camellia oleifera single plants; asexually propagating the excellent camellia oleifera single plants and then carrying out regional tests in multiple ecological regions; quantitatively evaluating the traits of the excellent camellia oleifera single plant clones based on a physical test mode simulating mechanical operation, including simulating machine tool shuttling to test the passing adaptability, testing the bending strength through mechanics, and testing the fruit stem separation force through oscillation; verifying the machine-friendly trait stability and the regional adaptability of the clones by using the evaluation model, and determining the good variety. The application solves the problem of the mismatch between the machine and the variety from the source of breeding, and the good variety selected by the application significantly improves the mechanical operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural crop breeding technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for selecting and breeding high-quality Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for machine cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oleifera is an important specialty woody oilseed tree species in my country, and the healthy development of its industry is of great significance to national food and oil security and the revitalization of mountain economies. However, the Camellia oleifera industry is facing severe challenges such as a shortage of rural labor and continuously rising production costs. Promoting full mechanization of production has become an inevitable trend and core path to reduce costs, increase efficiency, and address these challenges.

[0003] Currently, the industry is encountering a significant bottleneck in its mechanization process: the relationship between machinery and variety. This bottleneck stems from the fact that the breeding goals of existing mainstream camellia oleifera varieties have historically focused on traditional agronomic traits such as high yield, high oil content, and disease resistance, while generally neglecting key morphological and physiological characteristics suitable for mechanized operations. This directly results in existing high-yielding varieties generally exhibiting problems such as tall trees, wide canopies, unsuitable branch and trunk flexibility, and dispersed fruit ripening periods. This makes it difficult for medium-to-large-scale tillage, plant protection, and harvesting machinery to operate efficiently in the forest, or it easily causes serious damage to the trees during operations. Ultimately, this manifests as low efficiency and high cost in mechanized operations, severely restricting the widespread application of mechanized technologies.

[0004] Currently, to adapt to mechanization, the industry commonly uses post-harvest pruning and shaping. While this method has some effect, it has significant limitations: First, it increases additional labor and management costs; second, the pruning effect is difficult to sustain and needs to be repeated year after year, addressing the symptoms but not the root cause; most importantly, it cannot fundamentally change the inherent plant structure, branching characteristics, and phenological period of the variety.

[0005] Therefore, starting from the source of breeding and establishing "suitability for mechanization" as the core breeding goal, creating superior camellia oleifera varieties that are inherently compatible with mechanized production models, is the most effective way to fundamentally solve the industry problem of "machinery and variety". However, at present, there is a lack of a systematic, machine-suitable-oriented method and evaluation system for selecting and breeding superior varieties, especially in key aspects such as how to scientifically define machine-suitable traits, how to quantitatively evaluate these traits, and how to assign them core weights in breeding models. There are significant technological gaps in these areas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address these issues, this invention provides a method and system for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation, thereby resolving the aforementioned problems.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation, comprising:

[0008] A set of traits for selecting Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for mechanical transportation was constructed with the aim of improving the adaptability of Camellia oleifera forests to mechanical transportation, harvesting, centralized operation, and resistance to mechanical impact. The set of traits includes plant type traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical transportation, fruit traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical harvesting, phenological traits for evaluating adaptability to centralized operation, and resistance traits for evaluating resistance to mechanical impact.

[0009] Candidate individual Camellia oleifera plants were selected from Camellia oleifera stands;

[0010] An evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth was established. The candidate Camellia oleifera plants were evaluated, the evaluation data were processed, and superior plants were selected. In the evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth, the weights assigned to plant type, fruit, phenological period, and resistance traits were higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0011] The selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were propagated asexually, and regional trials were conducted in several typical ecological areas.

[0012] Based on the physical testing method of simulating mechanical operation, the traits of the superior Camellia oleifera single plants in the regional experiment were quantitatively evaluated by clones. The operation mode of the target agricultural machinery was simulated, and the machine suitability traits were quantified by physical testing.

[0013] Based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability to organic growth, the stability of adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera clones in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions were verified, and finally, the best Camellia oleifera varieties adapted to organic growth were determined.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a system for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation, comprising:

[0015] The machine adaptability trait management module is configured to construct a machine adaptability trait set for Camellia oleifera varieties, aiming to improve the machine adaptability, harvesting adaptability, intensive operation adaptability, and mechanical impact resistance of Camellia oleifera forests. The trait set includes plant type traits for evaluating machine adaptability, fruit traits for evaluating machine harvesting adaptability, phenological traits for evaluating intensive operation adaptability, and resistance traits for evaluating mechanical impact resistance.

[0016] The preliminary selection module for superior varieties is configured to screen candidate Camellia oleifera individual plants from Camellia oleifera stands;

[0017] The Camellia oleifera organic growth trait evaluation model module is configured to establish an evaluation model for Camellia oleifera organic growth trait, evaluate individual Camellia oleifera plants, process the evaluation data, and select superior individual plants. In the evaluation model for Camellia oleifera organic growth trait, the weights assigned to plant type traits, fruit traits, phenological traits, and resistance traits are higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0018] The asexual reproduction and testing module is configured to perform asexual reproduction of the selected superior individual plants and conduct regional trials in multiple typical ecological areas;

[0019] The trait quantification and evaluation module is configured to perform trait quantification and evaluation of single clones based on physical testing methods that simulate mechanical operations. It simulates the operation of target agricultural machinery and quantifies the machine suitability traits through physical testing.

[0020] The module for determining superior Camellia oleifera varieties is configured to verify the stability of the adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera single-plant clonal seedlings in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability traits, and finally determine the superior Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for growing crops.

[0021] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: at least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the steps of the method for selecting and breeding Camellia oleifera varieties according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor performs the steps of the method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The method and system for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation disclosed in this application have the following specific beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) By simulating the physical evaluation method of mechanical operation and the evaluation model of camellia oleifera machine suitability traits with machine suitability traits as the core weight, subjective experience judgment is transformed into objective data decision-making, ensuring that the breeding process closely follows the needs of mechanization and efficiently selects superior strains with ideal plant type and economic traits.

[0025] 2) "Mechanization suitability" was established as the core objective of camellia oleifera breeding, and a complete system of indicators for mechanization suitability traits was constructed, filling the gap in solving the problem of mechanization adaptation from the source of variety selection.

[0026] 3) The improved varieties selected by the method of this invention can significantly reduce the labor intensity and cost of camellia oil garden management, improve the efficiency and safety of mechanized operations, and significantly enhance the economic benefits and market competitiveness of the camellia oil industry. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic farming, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of an organic-friendly camellia oleifera variety breeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 The flowchart of a method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation is shown in this application.

[0033] In one embodiment, taking the selection of Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for small and medium-sized tracked harvesters in hilly areas as an example, the method for selecting and breeding Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for machine harvesting provided by the present invention is applied.

[0034] Perform step S1 to construct a set of trait characteristics for selecting camellia oleifera varieties suitable for mechanical transportation, harvesting, centralized operation and mechanical impact resistance, with the aim of improving the mechanical transportation adaptability, harvesting adaptability, centralized operation adaptability and mechanical impact resistance of camellia oleifera forests. The trait set includes plant type traits for evaluating mechanical transportation adaptability, fruit traits for evaluating mechanical harvesting adaptability, phenological traits for evaluating centralized operation adaptability and resistance traits for evaluating mechanical impact resistance.

[0035] Specifically, the plant type traits include mature tree height, crown diameter, first branch height, and crown compactness; the fruit traits include asynchronous flowering and fruiting, and fruit stalk separation force; the resistance traits include branch and trunk bending strength and branch and trunk water content; the phenological traits include fruit ripening uniformity, which refers to the proportion of mature fruits on a single camellia tree to the total number of fruits on that tree within a specific time window (usually the key harvesting week during the peak fruiting period). A uniformity of 50% meets the requirements for mechanized harvesting, enabling effective mechanized centralized harvesting and avoiding waste caused by mature fruits cracking due to untimely harvesting.

[0036] In this embodiment, the determined set of target traits includes:

[0037] Tree type characteristics: mature tree height (H, target range 2.5-3.5m), crown diameter (D, target range <2.8m), first branch height (H1, target range >0.8m), crown compactness (C, target value >0.7).

[0038] Fruit characteristics: flowering and fruiting at different times (N, target value is true), fruit pedicel separation force (S, target range 30-80N).

[0039] Phenological characteristics: uniformity of fruit ripening (U, target value ≥50%).

[0040] Resistance traits: branch bending strength (F, target value >50 N), branch moisture content (MC, target range 45%-60%).

[0041] Traditional economic trait: Yield per plant (Y).

[0042] Among them, the target values ​​for plant type and resistance traits mainly refer to the technical requirements of orchard operation machinery (such as reciprocating mowers, track-type operation platforms, and vibrating fruit harvesters) in the "General Rules for Evaluation of Applicability of Agricultural Machinery" regarding the passage space, operation width, and operation height in the forest. It also incorporates the plant morphology experience data suitable for mechanized management summarized by the Camellia oleifera Engineering Center of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration and provincial forestry academies in major Camellia oleifera producing areas (such as Jiangxi and Hunan) in high-yield Camellia oleifera plantations.

[0043] Target values ​​for phenological traits: These values ​​were determined with reference to the requirements for the maturity of camellia seeds set forth by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Grain and Oil, as well as meteorological data and phenological observation records from major producing areas, to ensure that the fruit maturity period matches the operational window for concentrated mechanical harvesting.

[0044] Tree canopy compactness: Based on the requirements for orchard machinery operation space, a compact tree canopy is more conducive to machinery passage and operation.

[0045] Flower and fruit not occurring at the same time: This ensures that flowers are not shaken off simultaneously during mechanical harvesting, thus affecting the yield the following year.

[0046] Fruit stem separation force range: A force range of 30-80N can ensure effective fruit harvesting through mechanical vibration while avoiding natural fruit drop.

[0047] Branch moisture content: A moisture content range of 45%-60% ensures that the branches have suitable toughness and resistance to mechanical damage.

[0048] Perform step S2 to select candidate Camellia oleifera individual plants from the Camellia oleifera stand;

[0049] In this step, the sources of the camellia oleifera stands include, but are not limited to: national and provincial germplasm resource banks (such as the National Camellia oleifera Germplasm Resource Bank and the Jiangxi Provincial Camellia oleifera Germplasm Resource Nursery), regional superior variety collection nurseries (superior varieties that have passed national or provincial approval), and existing high-yield demonstration forests (high-yield camellia oleifera demonstration forests that are managed in a standardized manner under the guidance of local forestry technology extension departments).

[0050] Perform step S3 to establish an evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth, evaluate individual Camellia oleifera plants, process the evaluation data, and select superior individual plants. In the evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth, the weights assigned to plant type traits, fruit traits, phenological traits, and resistance traits are higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0051] Specifically, the establishment of the evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic matter includes:

[0052] S31. Standardize the evaluation data of each trait to eliminate the influence of dimensions;

[0053] S32. Assign weights to each trait, wherein the sum of the weights assigned to the plant type trait, fruit trait, phenological trait, and resistance trait is higher than the sum of the weights assigned to the yield or oil content trait.

[0054] S33. Calculate the weighted comprehensive score based on the standardized data and its weights.

[0055] Furthermore, the total weights assigned to the aforementioned suitability traits shall not be less than 60%.

[0056] Specifically, the camellia trees to be evaluated are those that are over 8 years old and whose yield per tree reaches 80% of the average yield of existing improved varieties.

[0057] In this step, the sources of the Camellia oleifera individual plants to be evaluated include, but are not limited to: national and provincial germplasm resource banks (such as the National Camellia oleifera Germplasm Resource Bank and Jiangxi Provincial Camellia oleifera Germplasm Resource Nursery), regional superior variety collection nurseries (superior varieties that have passed national or provincial approval), and existing high-yield demonstration forests (high-yield Camellia oleifera demonstration forests managed in a standardized manner under the guidance of local forestry technology extension departments).

[0058] The model construction method is as follows:

[0059] Step S31, Data Standardization: Convert the measured values ​​of different dimensions into a percentage score (0-100 points).

[0060] Tree Height (H, meters): Set the optimal height for the machine to 3.0 meters (100 points). Set upper and lower limits for acceptable heights; for example, if the tree height is below 2.5 meters or above 3.5 meters, the score linearly decreases to 60 points. The calculation formula is:

[0061] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0062] Crown diameter (D, meters): A crown width of 2.5 meters or less earns 100 points. For crown widths greater than 2.5 meters, the score decreases linearly with increasing crown width; for example, a crown width of 3.5 meters reduces the score to 60 points. The calculation formula is:

[0063] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0064] First branch height (H1, meters): A score of 60 points is awarded when the first branch height is greater than or equal to 0.8 meters. Starting from this point, the score increases by 10 points for every 0.1 meter increase in branch height, up to a maximum score. The calculation formula is:

[0065] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0066] Canopy compactness (C): Multiply its value by 100 to get the score.

[0067] ;

[0068] Branch bending strength (F, Newtons): A branch bending strength greater than or equal to 50 Newtons earns 60 points. The greater the resistance, the higher the score; for example, an F of 80 Newtons earns 100 points. The calculation formula is:

[0069] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0070] Branch moisture content (MC, %): Optimal range of 45%-55% yields 100 points. The calculation formula is:

[0071] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0072] Fruit ripening uniformity (U, %): This trait is itself a percentage, and its value is directly used as the score:

[0073] ; ( (Percentage between 0 and 100)

[0074] Flower and fruit asynchrony (N): Boolean value, 100 points for meeting the requirement, 0 points for otherwise. The score is quantified using a ternary operator expression:

[0075] ;

[0076] Fruit stem separation force (S, Newtons): The optimal range is set at 30-80N; within this range, 100 points are awarded. The calculation formula is:

[0077] (Results are limited to 0-100)

[0078] Yield per plant (Y, kg): Converts yield to its relative performance within the population. The formula is as follows:

[0079] ;

[0080] Step S32, weight allocation: Based on the principle of "prioritizing suitability for different weather conditions," weights are allocated to each trait. In this embodiment, plant type is set at 20%, fruit characteristics at 20%, phenological characteristics at 10%, resistance characteristics at 20%, and traditional economic traits at 30%. In summary, the total weight of suitability for different weather conditions is 70%.

[0081] Step S33, calculate the weighted comprehensive score:

[0082] Overall score = 0.20 * ( ) + 0.20 * ( )+0.2*( )+0.1* +0.3* ;

[0083] Screening: Calculate the overall score of all individual plants and select the top 15% of the strains as the initial superior strains.

[0084] In step S4, the selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were asexually propagated and regional trials were conducted in several typical ecological areas.

[0085] In this step, the planting spacing is set to 4 meters between plants and 3 meters between rows (4m x 3m). This spacing setting is a measure to achieve mechanized early tending and mechanized harvesting during the peak fruiting period.

[0086] The selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were propagated asexually through grafting to obtain clonal seedlings. These clonal seedlings were then tested in several representative ecological regions (this example is to simulate future actual production applications; at the same time, the stability of the adaptability traits of the target superior Camellia oleifera plants after asexual propagation (grafting) was tested, and their adaptability effect was preliminarily tested).

[0087] Step S5 is executed to quantitatively evaluate the traits of the superior Camellia oleifera plants in the regional experiment using a physical testing method based on simulated mechanical operation. The operation method of the target agricultural machinery is simulated, and the machine suitability traits are quantified through physical testing.

[0088] Specifically, the physical testing method based on simulated mechanical operation for trait quantification evaluation includes:

[0089] S51. Drive a simulated machine with a width equivalent to the target harvester at a constant speed to shuttle between the planting rows, record the number of times it rubs against the plant canopy, and measure the mature tree height, canopy diameter and first branch height of the plant.

[0090] S52. Apply lateral force to the main branch of the plant to a preset deformation using a mechanical sensor, and record the applied force value as a quantitative indicator of the branch's bending strength.

[0091] S53. Use a fruit vibration simulation device to test the fruit stalk separation force and quantify the fruit's adaptability to mechanical harvesting.

[0092] S54. Measure the water content of branches and trunks and assess its correlation with mechanical resistance.

[0093] In this step, after the asexual single plant enters the peak fruiting period, the following evaluation is conducted:

[0094] Traffic capacity test: A 1.2m wide steel frame was used to simulate a harvester, which moved along the rows at a constant speed of 5 km / h, and the number of times it rubbed against the plant canopy was recorded. At the same time, a laser rangefinder was used to accurately measure the H, D, and H1 values ​​of each plant.

[0095] Disturbance resistance test: A digital push-pull force gauge is used to apply a lateral force at a distance of 50cm from the branch point of the main trunk. The force value F when the branch deflects by 10 degrees is measured and recorded as a quantitative index of bending strength.

[0096] Fruit characteristic test: Use a fruit shaking device to simulate mechanical harvesting and measure the fruit stalk separation force S; observe and record the synchronicity of flower and fruit N.

[0097] Moisture content test: The moisture content (MC) of the branches and trunks was measured using a moisture meter.

[0098] Fruit ripening uniformity assessment: Record the number of days required for 50% of the fruits on each plant to ripen and calculate the uniformity rate U.

[0099] Yield determination: Manual harvesting and weighing, recording the yield Y per plant.

[0100] Perform step S6, and then verify the stability of the adaptability of Camellia oleifera single-plant clonal seedlings to organic matter and their adaptability in different regions based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera adaptability to organic matter in regional trials, and finally determine the good varieties of Camellia oleifera adaptable to organic matter.

[0101] After evaluation, two suitable varieties were selected. Their flowering periods coincided, achieving a balance between high yield and suitability for different planting environments.

[0102] Please see Figure 2 The diagram shows a structural block diagram of a machine-friendly improved variety breeding system for Camellia oleifera according to this application.

[0103] like Figure 2 As shown, the modules are: machine adaptability trait management module 200, improved variety selection module 201, machine adaptability trait evaluation model module 202, asexual reproduction and experimentation module 203, trait quantitative evaluation module 204, and improved variety determination module 205.

[0104] Among them, the machine adaptability trait management module 200 is configured to construct a machine adaptability variety selection trait set for Camellia oleifera with the goal of improving the machine adaptability, harvesting adaptability, centralized operation adaptability and mechanical collision resistance of Camellia oleifera forest. The trait set includes plant type traits for evaluating machine adaptability, fruit traits for evaluating machine harvesting adaptability, phenological traits for evaluating centralized operation adaptability and resistance traits for evaluating mechanical collision resistance.

[0105] The improved variety selection module 201 is configured to screen candidate Camellia oleifera individual plants from Camellia oleifera stands;

[0106] The Camellia oleifera machine adaptability trait evaluation model module 202 is configured to establish a Camellia oleifera machine adaptability trait evaluation model, evaluate individual Camellia oleifera plants, process the evaluation data, and select superior individual plants. In the Camellia oleifera machine adaptability trait evaluation model, the weights assigned to plant type traits, fruit traits, phenological period traits, and resistance traits are higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0107] The asexual reproduction and testing module 203 is configured to perform asexual reproduction of the selected superior individual plants and conduct regional trials in multiple typical ecological areas;

[0108] The trait quantification and evaluation module 204 is configured to perform trait quantification and evaluation of single clones based on physical testing methods that simulate mechanical operations. It simulates the operation methods of target agricultural machinery and quantifies the machine suitability traits through physical testing.

[0109] The Camellia oleifera superior variety identification module 205 is configured to verify the stability of the adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera single-plant clonal seedlings in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions based on the Camellia oleifera adaptability trait evaluation model, and finally identify the superior Camellia oleifera varieties adaptable to different regions.

[0110] It should be understood that Figure 2 The modules and references described in the document Figure 1 The steps described in the text correspond to those in the method described above. Therefore, the operations, features, and corresponding technical effects described above also apply to the method described in the text. Figure 2 The various modules in the document will not be described in detail here.

[0111] In other embodiments, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor performs the method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera in any of the above method embodiments:

[0112] A set of traits for selecting Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for mechanical transport was constructed with the aim of improving the adaptability of Camellia oleifera forests to mechanical transport, harvesting, intensive operation, and resistance to mechanical impact. The set of traits includes plant type traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical transport, fruit traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical harvesting, phenological traits for evaluating adaptability to intensive operation, and resistance traits for evaluating resistance to mechanical impact. Candidate Camellia oleifera individual plants were screened from Camellia oleifera stands.

[0113] An evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth was established. The candidate Camellia oleifera plants were evaluated, the evaluation data were processed, and superior plants were selected. In the evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth, the weights assigned to plant type, fruit, phenological period, and resistance traits were higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0114] The selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were propagated asexually, and regional trials were conducted in several typical ecological areas.

[0115] Based on the physical testing method of simulating mechanical operation, the traits of the superior Camellia oleifera single plants in the regional experiment were quantitatively evaluated by clones. The operation mode of the target agricultural machinery was simulated, and the machine suitability traits were quantified by physical testing.

[0116] Based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability to organic growth, the stability of adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera clones in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions were verified, and finally, the best Camellia oleifera varieties adapted to organic growth were determined.

[0117] Computer-readable storage media may include a stored program area and a stored data area, wherein the stored program area may store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the stored data area may store data created based on the use of the Camellia oleifera organic breeding system, etc. Furthermore, the computer-readable storage medium may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may optionally include memory remotely located relative to a processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the Camellia oleifera organic breeding system via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0118] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the device includes a processor 310 and a memory 320. The electronic device may also include an input device 330 and an output device 340. The processor 310, memory 320, input device 330, and output device 340 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 3 Taking a bus connection as an example, the memory 320 is the computer-readable storage medium described above. The processor 310 executes various server functions and data processing by running non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 320, thereby implementing the method embodiment of the camellia oleifera organic breeding method described above. The input device 330 can receive input digital or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the camellia oleifera organic breeding system. The output device 340 may include a display screen or other display device.

[0119] The aforementioned electronic device can execute the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0120] In one implementation, the above-described electronic device is applied in a machine-friendly improved variety breeding system for camellia oleifera, serving as a client, and includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to:

[0121] A set of traits for selecting Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for mechanical transportation was constructed with the aim of improving the adaptability of Camellia oleifera forests to mechanical transportation, harvesting, centralized operation, and resistance to mechanical impact. The set of traits includes plant type traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical transportation, fruit traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical harvesting, phenological traits for evaluating adaptability to centralized operation, and resistance traits for evaluating resistance to mechanical impact.

[0122] Candidate individual Camellia oleifera plants were selected from Camellia oleifera stands;

[0123] An evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth was established. The candidate Camellia oleifera plants were evaluated, the evaluation data were processed, and superior plants were selected. In the evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth, the weights assigned to plant type, fruit, phenological period, and resistance traits were higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits.

[0124] The selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were propagated asexually, and regional trials were conducted in several typical ecological areas.

[0125] Based on the physical testing method of simulating mechanical operation, the traits of the superior Camellia oleifera single plants in the regional experiment were quantitatively evaluated by clones. The operation mode of the target agricultural machinery was simulated, and the machine suitability traits were quantified by physical testing.

[0126] Based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability to organic growth, the stability of adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera clones in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions were verified, and finally, the best Camellia oleifera varieties adapted to organic growth were determined.

[0127] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of various embodiments or some parts of embodiments.

[0128] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic farming, characterized in that, include: A set of traits for selecting Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for mechanical transportation was constructed with the aim of improving the adaptability of Camellia oleifera forests to mechanical transportation, harvesting, concentrated operation, and resistance to mechanical impact. This set of traits includes plant type traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical transportation, fruit traits for evaluating adaptability to mechanical harvesting, phenological traits for evaluating adaptability to concentrated operation, resistance traits for evaluating resistance to mechanical impact, and traditional economic traits for evaluating economic benefits. Plant type traits include mature tree height, crown diameter, first branch height, and crown compactness; fruit traits include flowering and fruiting at different times and fruit stalk separation force; phenological traits include fruit ripening uniformity; resistance traits include branch and trunk bending strength and branch and trunk water content; fruit ripening uniformity is the proportion of mature fruits per Camellia oleifera plant within a specific time window to the total number of fruits per plant; and traditional economic traits include yield per plant. Candidate individual Camellia oleifera plants were selected from Camellia oleifera stands; An evaluation model for the adaptability of Camellia oleifera to organic growth was established. Candidate Camellia oleifera plants were evaluated, and the evaluation data of each trait with different dimensions were converted into percentage scores. Weights were assigned to each trait, and a weighted comprehensive score was calculated based on the converted scores and their weights. The top 15% of the plant lines were selected as preliminary superior plants. Specifically, the total weight assigned to plant type, fruit, phenological, and resistance traits in the evaluation model for adaptability to organic growth was no less than 60%, higher than the weight assigned to yield or oil content traits. The selected superior Camellia oleifera plants were propagated asexually, and regional trials were conducted in several typical ecological areas. Based on the physical testing method of simulating mechanical operation, the traits of the superior Camellia oleifera single plants in the regional experiment were quantitatively evaluated by clones. The operation mode of the target agricultural machinery was simulated, and the machine suitability traits were quantified by physical testing. Based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability to organic matter, the stability of adaptability to organic matter traits and adaptability to different regions of superior Camellia oleifera clone seedlings in regional trials were verified, and the best varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic matter were finally determined. When converting assessment data of different dimensions of various traits into a percentage score, the following should be included: For tree height, set the optimal height H for the machine. g Set upper and lower limits for acceptable ranges. When the tree height evaluation data H is outside the acceptable range, the tree height score H is set. Score Linearly decreasing; the calculation formula is: H Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For the crown diameter, set the crown diameter D that is most suitable for the machine. g When the crown diameter measurement data D is greater than the crown diameter most suitable for the machine, the crown diameter score D is... Score Linearly decreasing; the calculation formula is: ;D Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For the first branch height, set the optimal lower limit H1 for the first branch height. g When the first branch height evaluation data H1 is greater than or equal to the optimal first branch height lower limit H1 for the machine g At that time, the first branch height score H1 Score Linearly increasing; the calculation formula is: H1 Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For canopy compactness, the canopy compactness assessment data C is a percentage. The canopy compactness score C is obtained by multiplying the canopy compactness assessment data C by 100. Score The calculation formula is: ; Regarding the asynchronous flowering and fruiting, the evaluation data N for asynchronous flowering and fruiting is set as a Boolean value. When the evaluation data N for asynchronous flowering and fruiting meets the most suitable machine requirements, the score N for asynchronous flowering and fruiting is determined. Score 100 points are awarded for a perfect score, otherwise 0 points are awarded; the calculation formula is a ternary operator expression: ; For the fruit stalk separation force, set the optimal fruit stalk separation force range S for the machine. g1 -S g2 When the fruit stalk separation force test data S is within the range of the most suitable fruit stalk separation force for the machine, the fruit stalk separation force score S is... Score The score is 100; the calculation formula is: S Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For the fruit ripening uniformity rate, the evaluation data U itself is a percentage, and it is directly used as the fruit ripening uniformity rate score U. Score The calculation formula is: ;U Score Percentages between 0 and 100; For the bending strength of branches and trunks, set the optimal lower limit F for the bending strength of branches and trunks for the appropriate time. g The branch bending strength test data F is greater than or equal to the optimal lower limit of branch bending strength F for suitable machine operation. g At that time, the branch bending strength score F Score Linearly increasing; the calculation formula is: ;F Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For branch moisture content, set the most suitable branch moisture content MC for the appropriate time. g When the branch moisture content assessment data MC is within the optimal branch moisture content range for suitable conditions, the branch moisture content score MC is calculated. Score The score is 100; the calculation formula is: ;MC Score The result is limited to the range of 0-100; For yield per plant, the yield score per plant is Y. Score Converted to relative performance within a group; the calculation formula is: Where Y represents the yield evaluation data per plant, Y min Y represents the minimum yield per plant in the population. max This represents the maximum yield per plant in the population. When calculating the weighted composite score: 。 2. The method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The candidate camellia trees are those that are 8 years or older and whose yield per tree reaches 80% of the average yield of existing improved varieties.

3. The method for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for organic cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The physical testing method based on simulated mechanical operation for trait quantification evaluation includes: A simulated harvester with a width equivalent to the target harvester was driven at a constant speed to shuttle between the planting rows. The number of times it rubbed against the plant canopy was recorded, and the mature tree height, canopy diameter and first branch height of the plant were measured. A mechanical sensor is used to apply a lateral force to the main branch of the plant to a preset deformation, and the applied force value is recorded as a quantitative indicator of the branch's bending strength. The fruit stalk separation force was tested using a fruit vibration simulation device to quantify the adaptability of the fruit to mechanical harvesting.

4. A system for selecting and breeding superior varieties of Camellia oleifera suitable for mechanical use, for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, include: The machine adaptability trait management module is configured to construct a machine adaptability trait set for Camellia oleifera varieties, aiming to improve the machine adaptability, harvesting adaptability, intensive operation adaptability, and mechanical impact resistance of Camellia oleifera forests. The trait set includes plant type traits for evaluating machine adaptability, fruit traits for evaluating machine harvesting adaptability, phenological traits for evaluating intensive operation adaptability, and resistance traits for evaluating mechanical impact resistance. The preliminary selection module for superior varieties is configured to screen candidate Camellia oleifera individual plants from Camellia oleifera stands; The Camellia oleifera organic growth trait evaluation model module is configured to establish an evaluation model for Camellia oleifera organic growth trait, evaluate individual Camellia oleifera plants, process the evaluation data, and select superior individual plants. In the evaluation model for Camellia oleifera organic growth trait, the weights assigned to plant type traits, fruit traits, phenological traits, and resistance traits are higher than the weights assigned to yield or oil content traits. The asexual reproduction and testing module is configured to perform asexual reproduction of the selected superior individual plants and conduct regional trials in multiple typical ecological areas; The trait quantification and evaluation module is configured to conduct trait quantification evaluation of single clones based on physical testing methods that simulate mechanical operations. It simulates the operation of target agricultural machinery and quantifies machine suitability traits through physical testing. The module for determining superior Camellia oleifera varieties is configured to verify the stability of the adaptability traits of superior Camellia oleifera single-plant clonal seedlings in regional trials and their adaptability in different regions based on the evaluation model of Camellia oleifera's adaptability traits, and finally determine the superior Camellia oleifera varieties suitable for growing crops.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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