Omnibearing spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts

Abstract

The invention discloses an all-dimensional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts, and relates to the field of spraying equipment.The all-dimensional spraying device comprises a spraying workbench, a multi-angle adjusting mechanism, a plate mold and a spraying mechanism, the multi-angle adjusting mechanism, the plate mold and the spraying mechanism are installed on the spraying workbench, and the multi-angle adjusting mechanism comprises a transverse deflection plate, a longitudinal deflection plate and a negative pressure tool assembly; the transverse deflection plate is rotationally installed on the spraying workbench, the longitudinal deflection plate is rotationally installed on the transverse deflection plate, the deflection axis of the transverse deflection plate is perpendicular to the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate, the negative pressure tool assembly comprises a plurality of negative pressure columns, and the negative pressure columns are sleeved with the plate molds. The overall dimension of the plate mold is matched with the overall dimension of a to-be-sprayed plate, the to-be-sprayed plate is attached to the plate mold, a plurality of heating cavities are independently formed in the negative pressure column tool and the plate mold, the spraying position of the plate always tends to be in a horizontal state, and the spraying position of the to-be-sprayed plate is in a synchronous curing mode. And the problem of self-flowing of the coating due to self gravity is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of spraying equipment, in particular to a full-range spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of automobile production, the plate parts used for automobile shell need to be sprayed, and the automobile shell is mostly special-shaped plate parts, such as engine cover arc plate, rear door disc bending plate and the like. Due to the complex structure of the continuous arc surface (the curvature radius of the engine cover is mostly 800-1500mm), the right-angle bending (the bending angle of the rear door is mostly 90°-120°), etc., the spraying of the special-shaped plate parts is difficult. At present, the spraying of the special-shaped plate parts is divided into manual spraying and automatic spraying. Manual spraying needs to hold an electrostatic spray gun, and the spraying is performed around the special-shaped plate parts in a "multi-angle following mode". After each spraying, the coating needs to be preliminarily leveled for 5-8 minutes to avoid mixing and sagging of the coating when spraying in different areas. The spraying efficiency is low, and the workers need to wear gas masks in the closed spraying room, which may cause health problems due to long-term contact with volatile coating. In automatic spraying, the space posture of the special-shaped plate parts cannot be dynamically adjusted after being fixed by the mechanical clamp. The coating (especially water-based paint and high-solid coating) is prone to flow along the inclined area under the action of gravity. Taking the engine cover arc plate as an example, if the spraying thickness needs to reach 40-50μm (corrosion resistance requirement), the coating will form "liquid accumulation" at the lowest point of the arc surface when spraying the area below the arc surface (inclination angle 15°-20°), resulting in a local thickness of more than 80μm. The thickness on the upper arc surface is reduced to 25-30μm due to the self-flowing of the coating, and the thickness difference is 50-55μm, which is far beyond the qualified range. After spraying the vertical bending surface of the rear door disc bending plate, the coating will flow downward along the vertical surface and form "sagging marks" at the bending part, with a length of 3-5mm. Subsequent manual polishing and repair are needed, which increases the process cost, and the polishing may damage the integrity of the coating and reduce the corrosion resistance. Secondly, after automatic spraying, the plate parts need to be grabbed by a mechanical arm or conveyed by a conveying belt to a drying station. At this time, the coating is in a non-cured state and is prone to damage due to contact. When the mechanical arm is grabbing, if the grabbing point is the edge of the engine cover arc surface, the silicone gripper is prone to contact with the uncured coating, causing "gripper marks". If the grabbing point is the horizontal plate of the rear door bending plate, the pressure of the gripper is prone to cause local coating depression of the plate, forming permanent indentation. When the conveying belt is conveying, the conveying belt is prone to vibration or impurities, causing "scratches" or "pits" on the surface of the coating. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a full-range spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts.

[0004] The purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical scheme: a full range spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts, comprising a spraying workbench, a multi-angle adjusting mechanism installed on the spraying workbench, a plate mold and a spraying mechanism, the multi-angle adjusting mechanism comprises a transverse deflection plate, a longitudinal deflection plate and a negative pressure tool assembly, the transverse deflection plate is rotationally installed on the spraying workbench, the longitudinal deflection plate is rotationally installed on the transverse deflection plate, the deflection axis of the transverse deflection plate and the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate are both horizontally arranged, and the deflection axis of the transverse deflection plate is perpendicular to the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate, the negative pressure tool assembly comprises a plurality of negative pressure columns, the plurality of negative pressure columns are linearly installed on the longitudinal deflection plate, a plurality of negative pressure holes are formed in the end of the negative pressure column away from the longitudinal deflection plate, the plate mold is sleeved on the negative pressure column, the outer dimension of the plate mold matches the outer dimension of the plate to be sprayed, a through hole is formed in the plate mold for the negative pressure column to pass through, the plate to be sprayed is attached to the plate mold and is clamped by the negative pressure column tool, a plurality of heating cavities are independently formed in the plate mold, the spraying mechanism comprises a moving cross beam, a spraying slide, an electrostatic spray gun and a hot air blower, the spraying slide is slidingly installed on the moving cross beam, the moving direction of the spraying slide is perpendicular to the moving direction of the moving cross beam, the electrostatic spray gun and the hot air blower are both installed on the spraying slide, and the hot air blower is arranged behind the electrostatic spray gun.

[0005] Further, each of the heating cavities is provided with a hot air hose, the hot air hose is connected to the air outlet pipe of the hot air equipment, and an electromagnetic valve is installed on each of the hot air hoses.

[0006] Further, each of the negative pressure columns is provided with a fixing column, an installation slot is formed in the top of the fixing column, the negative pressure column is slidingly fitted in the installation slot, a locking cavity is arranged on one side of the installation slot, two vertical sliding grooves are formed in the side wall of the installation slot close to the locking cavity, the vertical sliding grooves are communicated with the locking cavity, a guide column is slidingly fitted in the vertical sliding groove, the guide column is fixedly connected to the negative pressure column, a locking mechanism is arranged in the locking cavity, the locking mechanism is arranged close to the top of the fixing column, the locking mechanism comprises a locking slide block, each of the guide columns is provided with a locking slide block, and the locking slide block is used to abut the guide column against the side wall of the vertical sliding groove.

[0007] Further, the locking mechanism further comprises a bidirectional threaded screw rod and a driving shaft, the bidirectional threaded screw rod and the driving shaft are both rotationally installed on the fixing column, the bidirectional threaded screw rod is perpendicular to the guide column, the locking slide block is threadedly sleeved on the bidirectional threaded screw rod, the thread rotation directions of the two locking slide blocks are opposite, the guide column and the bidirectional threaded screw rod are both perpendicular to the driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotationally connected to the fixing column, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are respectively sleeved on the driving shaft and the bidirectional threaded screw rod, and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear.

[0008] Further, the side wall of the fixed column is threadedly connected with a driving screw coaxial with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is provided with a butt joint hole at one end close to the driving screw, the side wall of the butt joint hole is provided with a butt joint sliding groove along the axial direction of the butt joint hole, a butt joint sliding block is slidably arranged in the butt joint sliding groove, the tail of the driving screw is movably inserted into the butt joint hole, and the butt joint sliding block is fixedly connected with the driving screw.

[0009] Further, the negative pressure column is provided with a negative pressure cavity, the negative pressure hole is communicated with the negative pressure cavity, the negative pressure column is connected with a negative pressure device through a negative pressure hose, the side wall of the negative pressure column is provided with an air pressure hole, an air pressure shaft is slidably arranged in the air pressure hole, the negative pressure column is provided with an air pressure channel, one end of the air pressure channel is communicated with the negative pressure cavity, and the other end of the air pressure channel is connected with one side of the air pressure hole; the air pressure shaft is provided with a center hole at one end away from the negative pressure cavity, the side wall of the air pressure shaft is provided with a side hole communicated with the center hole, and the side hole is connected with the air pressure channel or the side wall of the side hole blocks the air pressure channel by moving the air pressure shaft.

[0010] Further, the outer wall of the negative pressure column is coaxially provided with a large-diameter hole at the air pressure hole, the diameter of the large-diameter hole is larger than that of the air pressure hole, a hollow driving column is slidably arranged in the large-diameter hole, one end of the air pressure shaft is fixedly connected with the hollow driving column, a spring is sleeved on the air pressure shaft, one end of the spring is connected with the hollow driving column, and the other end of the spring is connected to a step formed by the large-diameter hole and the air pressure hole; a hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the large-diameter hole, two recesses are symmetrically provided at one end of the hollow driving column close to the hollow rotating shaft, the two recesses are connected through an arc-shaped recess, the arc-shaped recess is in a V-shaped shape, a circular arc is arranged between the arc-shaped recess and the recess, and two extrusion plates are symmetrically fixed to the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft; when the two extrusion plates are located in the two recesses respectively, the side hole is communicated with the air pressure channel, and when the two extrusion plates are located in the two arc-shaped recesses respectively, the side hole and the air pressure channel are staggered.

[0011] Further, a driving ring is fixedly sleeved at one end of the hollow rotating shaft away from the hollow driving column, a lever is fixed to the side wall of the driving ring, an electric push rod is rotatably arranged on the negative pressure column, and the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod is rotatably connected with the lever.

[0012] Further, two lateral supports are fixed on the spraying workbench, a lateral rotating shaft is arranged between the two lateral supports, the lateral rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the lateral supports, one of the lateral supports is provided with a first motor, an output shaft of the first motor is drivingly connected with the lateral rotating shaft through a shaft coupling, two longitudinal supports are fixed on the lateral deflection plate, a longitudinal rotating shaft is arranged between the two longitudinal supports, the longitudinal rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the longitudinal supports, one of the longitudinal supports is provided with a second motor, an output shaft of the second motor is drivingly connected with the longitudinal rotating shaft.

[0013] Further, the spraying mechanism further comprises sliding rails, a spraying base and a spraying cylinder, the two sides of the spraying workbench are provided with the sliding rails, the spraying base is slidingly installed on the sliding rails, the spraying cylinder is vertically installed on the top of the spraying base, the two ends of the moving cross beam are respectively installed on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders, the bottom of the moving cross beam is provided with a linear drive module, and the spraying sliding base is installed on the sliding base of the linear drive module.

[0014] The present application has the following advantages: 1. In the process of spraying, the angle of the special-shaped plate is adjusted in real time through the multi-angle adjusting mechanism, so that the spraying position is always in a horizontal state, the problem of self-flowing caused by the gravity of the paint is greatly reduced, the plate mold is configured, a plurality of independent heating cavities are arranged in the plate mold, the corresponding heating cavity of the position is connected with hot air according to the spraying position of the special-shaped plate, the solidification treatment is performed on the completely sprayed area, the self-flowing problem of the completely sprayed area does not occur when the special-shaped plate is deflected to an inclined state, the heating cavities are independent of each other, only the completely sprayed area is heated and solidified, the adhesion of the paint is not affected by the high-temperature state of the unsprayed area, the processing efficiency is improved, and the spraying effect is also improved.

[0015] 2. The paint is heated at intervals through the plate mold to preliminarily solidify, and then the preliminarily solidified paint is further solidified through the hot air blower behind the electrostatic spray gun, the hot air blown out by the hot air blower directly acts on the paint, so that the solidification of the paint is accelerated, the paint has no flowability or poor flowability after preliminary solidification, and the flow of the paint will not be caused through the hot air solidification mode, so that the spraying and solidification are synchronously performed, and the coating is not scratched during automatic discharging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present application is a kind of automobile special-shaped parts all-around spraying device structure diagram Figure 1 ; Figure 2The internal structure schematic view of the middle plate of the all-directional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of the application; Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the all-directional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of the application Figure 2 ; Figure 4 The Figure 3 enlarged view of E in the middle; Figure 5 The plan view of the negative pressure column in the all-directional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of the application; Figure 6 The Figure 5 sectional view of A-A in the middle; Figure 7 The Figure 6 enlarged view of D in the middle; Figure 8 The Figure 5 sectional view of B-B in the middle; Figure 9 The Figure 8 enlarged view of C in the middle; Figure 10 The cooperation schematic view of the hollow driving column and the hollow rotating shaft in the application; Figure 11 The structure schematic view of the all-directional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of the application Figure 3 ; Figure 12 The Figure 11 enlarged view of F in the middle; Figure 13 The structure schematic view of the all-directional spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of the application Figure 4 ; In the diagram, 1-spraying workbench, 2-plate mold, 3-lateral deflection plate, 4-longitudinal deflection plate, 5-negative pressure column, 6-negative pressure hole, 7-through hole, 8-heating chamber, 9-moving crossbeam, 10-spraying slide, 11-electrostatic spray gun, 12-hot air blower, 13-fixed column, 14-mounting groove, 15-locking chamber, 16-vertical slide groove, 17-guide column, 18-locking slider, 19-double-acting threaded screw, 20-drive shaft, 21-first bevel gear, 22-second bevel gear, 23-drive screw, 24-connection hole, 25-connection slide groove, 26-connection slider, 27-negative pressure chamber, 28-air pressure hole, 2 9-Pneumatic shaft, 30-Pneumatic channel, 31-Center hole, 32-Side hole, 33-Large diameter hole, 34-Hollow drive column, 35-Spring, 36-Hollow rotating shaft, 37-Groove, 38-Arc groove, 39-Extrusion plate, 40-Drive ring, 41-Pulley, 42-Electric push rod, 43-Transverse support, 44-Transverse rotating shaft, 45-First motor, 46-Longitudinal support, 47-Longitudinal rotating shaft, 48-Second motor, 49-Slide rail, 50-Spraying base, 51-Spraying cylinder, 52-Linear drive module, 53-Annular heating chamber, 54-Angled hole, 55-Mounting step, 56-Annular mounting platform. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 13As shown, an all-around spraying device for irregularly shaped automotive parts includes a spraying worktable 1, a multi-angle adjustment mechanism mounted on the spraying worktable 1, a sheet metal mold 2, and a spraying mechanism. The multi-angle adjustment mechanism includes a lateral deflection plate 3, a longitudinal deflection plate 4, and a negative pressure fixture assembly. The lateral deflection plate 3 is rotatably mounted on the spraying worktable 1, and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 is rotatably mounted on the lateral deflection plate 3. The deflection axes of the lateral deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 are both horizontally arranged, and the deflection axis of the lateral deflection plate 3 is perpendicular to the deflection axis of the longitudinal deflection plate 4. The negative pressure fixture assembly includes multiple negative pressure columns 5, which are linearly mounted on the longitudinal deflection plate 4. Each negative pressure column 5 has several negative pressure holes 6 at its end away from the longitudinal deflection plate 4. The sheet metal mold... The two-piece mold 2 is mounted on the negative pressure column 5. The outer dimensions of the mold 2 match the outer dimensions of the plate to be coated. The mold 2 has through holes 7 for the negative pressure column 5 to pass through. The plate to be coated is attached to the mold 2 and passes through the negative pressure column 5. Several heating chambers 8 are independently formed inside the mold 2. The coating mechanism includes a moving crossbeam 9, a coating slide 10, an electrostatic spray gun 11, and a hot air blower 12. The coating slide 10 is slidably mounted on the moving crossbeam 9, and the direction of movement of the coating slide 10 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the moving crossbeam 9. The electrostatic spray gun 11 and the hot air blower 12 are both mounted on the coating slide 10. The hot air blower 12 is arranged behind the electrostatic spray gun 11. The number of negative pressure columns 5 is adjusted according to the size of the plate to be coated so that the plate to be coated can be heated. The maximum number of negative pressure columns 5 provide negative pressure adsorption support, resulting in a good negative pressure tooling effect. Excess negative pressure columns 5 are moved below the panel mold 2 to avoid interference with the panel to be coated. The height of the negative pressure columns 5 is adjusted according to the shape of the panel to be coated, ensuring they adapt to the shape for negative pressure support. The panel mold 2 is then installed on the corresponding negative pressure columns 5, with the tops of the columns passing through the corresponding through holes 7 on the mold 2. The robotic arm then uses negative pressure to load the panel to be coated onto the mold 2. The shape and dimensions of the mold 2 match the shape and dimensions of the panel to be coated, allowing the panel to adhere to the mold 2, providing support and facilitating better heat transfer. The negative pressure hole 6 of column 5 generates negative pressure to adsorb the plate, completing the tooling of the plate and leaving the top surface of the plate completely exposed, enabling unobstructed full-coverage spraying. Then, the surface of the plate is sprayed by the electrostatic spray gun 11. The movement of the moving beam 9 drives the electrostatic spray gun 11 to cover the width of the plate, and the movement of the spraying slide 10 drives the electrostatic spray gun 11 to cover the length of the plate, thus achieving full-coverage spraying of the plate surface. The spraying operation starts from one end of the plate and moves to the other. During the spraying process, the angle of the plate is adjusted in real time by a multi-angle adjustment mechanism to keep the spraying position horizontal. Specifically, the transverse deflection plate 3 drives the plate mold 2 and the plate on it to deflect along the X-axis.The longitudinal deflection plate 4 drives the panel mold 2 and the panel on it to deflect along the Y-axis. Through the deflection cooperation of the transverse deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4, the spraying position of the panel can be deflected to an approximately horizontal state, greatly reducing the problem of paint flowing due to its own gravity. The panel spraying operation is completed by spraying and drying simultaneously. Specifically, the panel mold 2 is equipped with several independent heating chambers. According to the spraying position of the irregularly shaped panel, hot air is introduced into the corresponding heating chamber 8 to cure the fully sprayed area. This prevents the fully sprayed area from flowing when deflected into an inclined state. Furthermore, the heating chambers are independent of each other, only heating and curing the fully sprayed area to avoid exposing unsprayed areas to high temperatures that could affect paint adhesion. This is preliminary curing, ensuring that the panel can be sprayed on the next area after deflection. There is no paint flow issue in the sprayed area. The paint is further cured by the hot air blower 12 behind the electrostatic spray gun 11. The hot air blown by the hot air blower 12 acts directly on the paint, which can accelerate the curing of the paint. Since the paint has been initially cured and has little or no fluidity, the hot air curing method will not cause the paint to flow, thus achieving simultaneous spraying and curing. This ensures that the coating will not be scratched during automatic unloading. After spraying, the robotic arm unloads the board. Since the paint on the board has been cured, it can be unloaded immediately without waiting for the paint on the board to cure, thus avoiding the problem of scratching the paint. This improves both spraying quality and efficiency. Then the robotic arm loads the next board to be sprayed onto the board mold 2 for spraying. In this way, batch spraying operations are realized, achieving industrialization.

[0018] Furthermore, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the spraying mechanism also includes a slide rail 49, a spraying base 50, and a spraying cylinder 51. Slide rails 49 are arranged on both sides of the spraying workbench 1. A spraying base 50 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 49. A spraying cylinder 51 is vertically mounted on the top of the spraying base 50. The two ends of the moving beam 9 are respectively mounted on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders 51. A linear drive module 52 is mounted on the bottom of the moving beam 9. A spraying slide 10 is mounted on the slide of the linear drive module 52. Each spraying base 50 is equipped with a lead screw linear drive module. The side wall of the spraying base 50 is connected to the slide of the lead screw linear drive module. The lead screw linear drive module drives the spraying base 50 to move on the slide rail 49. The two lead screw linear drive modules are equipped with encoders to realize the synchronous movement of the two spraying bases 50, which in turn drives the moving crossbeam 9 to move. Then, the linear drive module 52 drives the spraying slide 10 to move, so that the electrostatic spray gun 11 has the freedom to move along the X and Y axes on the horizontal plane, which can cover the surface of the board to realize the spraying operation. The extension and retraction of the spraying cylinder 51 drives the spraying slide 10 to move up and down, which can adjust the height distance between the electrostatic spray gun 11 and the board, thereby adapting to the irregular surface of the board and ensuring that the spraying height remains unchanged.

[0019] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, each heating chamber 8 is equipped with a hot air hose, which is connected to the air outlet pipe of the hot air equipment. Each hot air hose is equipped with an electromagnetic valve. Hot air is supplied by the hot air equipment, and the electromagnetic valve on the hot air hose can control the independent heating of multiple heating chambers 8. The board mold 2 has exhaust holes at the corresponding positions of each heating chamber 8, so that only the areas of the board that have been sprayed are heated and cured sequentially, and the board is not continuously heated, so as to avoid the temperature of the unsprayed areas of the board being too high and affecting the adhesion strength of the coating.

[0020] Example 3 Because the plate mold 2 has a through hole 7 for the negative pressure column 5 to pass through, the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7 cannot be heated, and the paint at this position is prone to self-flowing. Therefore, based on Example 2, as follows... Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an annular heating cavity 53 is formed around the through hole 7 in the plate mold 2. An inclined hole 54 is formed on the side wall of the through hole 7. The lower end of the inclined hole 54 is connected to the annular heating cavity 53. Hot air enters the annular heating cavity 53 and heats the plate around the through hole 7. The hot air in the annular heating cavity 53 is blown out through the inclined hole 54. The hot air acts on the plate at an angle upward under the action of the inclined hole 54, so that the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7 can be effectively heated, avoiding the problem of paint self-flow at the position of the plate corresponding to the through hole 7.

[0021] Example 4 Based on Example 3, such as Figure 1 and Figure 11As shown, two transverse supports 43 are fixed on the spraying workbench 1, and a transverse rotating shaft 44 is provided between the two transverse supports 43. The transverse rotating shaft 44 is rotatably connected to the transverse supports 43. A transverse deflection plate 3 is fixedly fitted on the transverse rotating shaft 44. A first motor 45 is installed on one of the transverse supports 43. The output shaft of the first motor 45 is connected to the transverse rotating shaft 44 through a coupling. The first motor 45 drives the transverse rotating shaft 44 to deflect, and the transverse rotating shaft 44 drives the transverse deflection plate 3 to deflect, thereby realizing the angle adjustment in the X-axis direction. Two longitudinal supports 46 are fixed on the transverse deflection plate 3, and a longitudinal rotating shaft 47 is provided between the two longitudinal supports 46. The longitudinal rotating shaft 47 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal supports. 46. ​​The longitudinal deflection plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal rotating shaft 47. A second motor 48 is installed on one of the longitudinal supports 46. The output shaft of the second motor 48 is connected to the longitudinal rotating shaft 47. The second motor 48 drives the longitudinal rotating shaft 47 to deflect, and the longitudinal rotating shaft 47 drives the longitudinal deflection plate 4 to deflect, thereby realizing the angle adjustment in the Y-axis direction. The cooperation between the transverse deflection plate 3 and the longitudinal deflection plate 4 can adjust the plate in multiple directions and angles, so that the spraying position of the plate tends to be horizontal. This ensures that the paint will not flow during the spraying process. Then, with the help of heat curing, the paint can be cured quickly, ensuring that the paint in the already sprayed area will not flow during the subsequent deflection spraying process.

[0022] Example 5 Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, each negative pressure column 5 is equipped with a fixed column 13. The top of the fixed column 13 has a mounting groove 14, and the negative pressure column 5 slides within the mounting groove 14. A locking cavity 15 is provided on one side of the mounting groove 14. Two vertical sliding grooves 16 are provided on the side wall of the mounting groove 14 near the locking cavity 15, connecting to the locking cavity 15. Guide columns 17 slide within the vertical sliding grooves 16, and the guide columns 17 are fixedly connected to the negative pressure column 5. A locking mechanism is provided within the locking cavity 15, located near the top of the fixed column 13. The locking mechanism includes a locking slider. 18. Each guide post 17 is equipped with a locking slider 18. The locking slider 18 is used to press the guide post 17 against the side wall of the vertical slide groove 16. The height of the negative pressure post 5 is adjusted by sliding the negative pressure post 5 in the mounting groove 14. During the movement of the negative pressure post 5, the guide post 17 is moved synchronously in the vertical slide groove 16 to adapt to the irregular shape of the plate. After the position of the negative pressure post 5 is moved into place, the locking slider 18 moves close to the guide post 17 to press the locking slider 18 against the guide post 17, thereby locking the position of the negative pressure post 5 and making the height position of the negative pressure post 5 more stable.

[0023] Furthermore, the locking mechanism also includes a bidirectional threaded screw 19 and a drive shaft 20. Both the bidirectional threaded screw 19 and the drive shaft 20 are rotatably mounted on the fixed post 13. The bidirectional threaded screw 19 is perpendicular to the guide post 17. Locking sliders 18 are threadedly fitted onto the bidirectional threaded screw 19, with the threads of the two locking sliders 18 having opposite directions. Both the guide post 17 and the bidirectional threaded screw 19 are perpendicular to the drive shaft 20. The drive shaft 20 is rotatably connected to the fixed post 13. A first bevel gear 21 and a second bevel gear 22 are respectively fitted onto the drive shaft 20 and the bidirectional threaded screw 19. The second bevel gear 22 meshes with the first bevel gear 21. Rotating the drive shaft 20 causes the bidirectional threaded screw 19 to rotate through the meshing of the first bevel gear 21 and the second bevel gear 22. This causes the two locking sliders 18 to move linearly along the axial direction of the bidirectional threaded screw 19 in opposite directions, thereby causing the two locking sliders 18 to press against the two guide posts 17 respectively, thus locking the negative pressure column 5. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the negative pressure column 5 again, simply rotate the drive shaft 20 in the opposite direction to separate the locking sliders 18 from the guide posts 17.

[0024] Example 6 Since the locking slider 18 and the guide post 17 are locked together by friction, in order to prevent the drive shaft 20 from rotating on its own and causing the negative pressure post 5 to move downward, therefore, based on embodiment five, as follows: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a drive screw 23 is threadedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column 13. The drive screw 23 is coaxial with the drive shaft 20. A mating hole 24 is provided at one end of the drive shaft 20 near the drive screw 23. A mating groove 25 is provided on the side wall of the mating hole 24 along its own axial direction. A mating slider 26 is slidably adapted in the mating groove 25. The tail of the drive screw 23 moves into the mating hole 24. The mating slider 26 is fixedly connected to the drive screw 23. Through the sliding adaptation between the mating groove 25 and the mating slider 26, the drive shaft 20 and the drive screw 23 have relative linear movement freedom, so that the drive shaft 20 will not follow the drive screw 23 along its own axial direction. When the drive screw 23 rotates, it moves axially and performs a precession motion, which includes linear movement and rotation. The rotation of the drive screw 23 will drive the drive shaft 20 to rotate together, and the drive screw 23 moves axially along the drive shaft 20. This allows the drive screw 23 to perform a precession motion smoothly while also driving the drive shaft 20 to rotate. By tightening the drive screw 23, the locking slider 18 is pressed against the guide post 17, thus locking the position of the negative pressure post 5. The threaded connection of the drive screw 23 locks the position of the drive shaft 20, ensuring that the drive shaft 20 will not rotate on its own, thereby improving the stability of the negative pressure post 5.

[0025] Example 7 Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, the negative pressure column 5 has a negative pressure chamber 27, and a negative pressure hole 6 connects to the negative pressure chamber 27. The negative pressure column 5 is connected to a negative pressure device via a negative pressure hose. A pressure hole 28 is opened on the side wall of the negative pressure column 5, and a pressure shaft 29 is slidably installed within the pressure hole 28. A pressure channel 30 is provided inside the negative pressure column 5. One end of the pressure channel 30 connects to the negative pressure chamber 27, and the other end connects to the side of the pressure hole 28. A central hole 31 is opened at the end of the pressure shaft 29 away from the negative pressure chamber 27, and a side hole 32 connecting to the central hole 31 is opened on the side wall of the pressure shaft 29. By moving the pressure shaft 29, the side hole 32 can connect to the pressure channel 30, or the side wall of the side hole 32 can block the pressure channel 30. The negative pressure column 5 provides negative pressure through the negative pressure device, which includes a negative pressure pump and a negative pressure pipe connected to the negative pressure pump. A negative pressure hose is connected to the bottom of each negative pressure column 5. The flexible hose, or negative pressure hose, extends out of the fixed column 13 and connects to the negative pressure pipeline. A solenoid valve is installed on the negative pressure hose. A negative pressure pump provides negative pressure to the negative pressure column 5. When the negative pressure fixture is in operation, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are arranged alternately. The air pressure channel 30 is sealed by the side wall of the air pressure shaft 29, allowing the negative pressure pump to smoothly generate negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 27. The negative pressure acts on the fixture through the negative pressure hole 6, achieving negative pressure fixture application. When the fixture is finished painting and needs to be unloaded, the negative pressure pump stops, and the air pressure shaft 29 moves, connecting the side hole 32 with the air pressure channel 30. This allows the negative pressure chamber 27 to connect with the atmosphere through the air pressure channel 30 and the side hole 32, instantly breaking the negative pressure adsorption state of the fixture. This allows the robotic arm to immediately clamp the fixture and complete the unloading, preventing the negative pressure adsorption force and clamping force from acting simultaneously on the fixture and causing paint to peel off.

[0026] Example 8 Based on Example 7, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, a large-diameter hole 33 is coaxially formed on the outer wall of the negative pressure column 5 with the air pressure hole 28. The diameter of the large-diameter hole 33 is larger than the diameter of the air pressure hole 28. A hollow drive column 34 is slidably arranged inside the large-diameter hole 33. One end of the air pressure shaft 29 is fixedly connected to the hollow drive column 34. A spring 35 is sleeved on the air pressure shaft 29. One end of the spring 35 is connected to the hollow drive column 34, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the large-diameter hole 33 and the air pressure hole 28. A hollow rotating shaft 36 is rotatably assembled inside the large-diameter hole 33. Two grooves 37 are symmetrically formed on the end of the hollow drive column 34 near the hollow rotating shaft 36. The two grooves 37 are connected by a passage. The hollow rotating shaft 36 is connected via an arc-shaped groove 38, which is V-shaped. The groove 38 and groove 37 are connected by a rounded transition. Two extrusion plates 39 are symmetrically fixed to the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft 36. When the two extrusion plates 39 are located within the two grooves 37, the side hole 32 connects to the air pressure channel 30. When the two extrusion plates 39 are located within the two arc-shaped grooves 38, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are staggered. A drive ring 40 is fixedly fitted to the end of the hollow rotating shaft 36 away from the hollow drive column 34. A lever 41 is fixed to the side wall of the drive ring 40. An electric push rod is rotatably mounted on the negative pressure column 5. 42. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 42 is rotatably connected to the lever 41. The telescopic movement of the electric push rod 42 causes the lever 41 to drive the drive ring 40 to deflect and reset. The drive ring 40 drives the hollow rotating shaft 36 to rotate, causing the hollow rotating shaft 36 to drive the extrusion plate 39 to switch positions within the arc-shaped groove 38 and the groove 37. Specifically, when the negative pressure column 5 needs to generate negative pressure to adsorb irregularly shaped plates, the hollow rotating shaft 36 drives the extrusion plate 39 to extrude the side wall of the groove 37. Guided by the arc-shaped side wall of the groove 37, the extrusion plate 39 pushes the hollow drive column 34 away from the hollow rotating shaft 36, so that the extrusion plate 39 is positioned... Inside the arc-shaped groove 38, the side hole 32 and the air pressure channel 30 are staggered to block the air pressure channel 30, allowing the negative pressure column 5 to adsorb the plate through the negative pressure. When it is necessary to break the negative pressure state of the negative pressure chamber 27, the electric push rod 42 drives the drive ring 40 to rotate, causing the extrusion plate 39 to press the side of the arc-shaped groove 38 and move into the groove 37. This causes the hollow drive column 34 and the air pressure shaft 29 to move closer to the hollow rotating shaft 36, thereby connecting the side hole 32 to the air pressure channel 30 and connecting the negative pressure chamber 27 to the atmosphere, thus instantly breaking the negative pressure state of the negative pressure chamber 27, allowing the coated plate to be unloaded immediately.

[0027] Furthermore, an installation step 55 is fixedly mounted on the negative pressure column 5, and an annular mounting platform 56 is fixed at the bottom of the panel mold 2 corresponding to the position of the installation step 55. The annular mounting platform 56 is connected to the installation step 55 by screws, which facilitates the installation and removal of the panel mold 2 and allows the panel mold 2 of the corresponding shape to be replaced according to the shape of the painted panel.

Claims

1. A full -range spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts, characterized in that, The utility model provides a spraying workbench, multi -angle adjusting mechanism, plate mould and spraying mechanism are installed on spraying workbench, multi -angle adjusting mechanism includes transverse deflection board, longitudinal deflection board and negative pressure tooling assembly, transverse deflection board is rotatably installed on spraying workbench, longitudinal deflection board is rotatably installed on transverse deflection board, and the deflection axis of transverse deflection board and the deflection axis of longitudinal deflection board are both horizontally arranged, and the deflection axis of transverse deflection board is perpendicular to the deflection axis of longitudinal deflection board, negative pressure tooling assembly includes a plurality of negative pressure column, a plurality of negative pressure column is linearly installed on longitudinal deflection board, and the one end of negative pressure column away from longitudinal deflection board is provided with a plurality of negative pressure hole, plate mould is sleeved on negative pressure column, and the external dimension of plate mould is matched with the external dimension of the plate to be sprayed, and the through -hole for negative pressure column is provided on plate mould, the plate to be sprayed is attached on plate mould and is through negative pressure column tooling, and a plurality of heating cavities are independently formed in plate mould, spraying mechanism includes moving crossbeam, spraying slide, electrostatic spray gun and hot -blast machine, spraying slide is slidably installed on moving crossbeam, and the moving direction of spraying slide is perpendicular to the moving direction of moving crossbeam, and electrostatic spray gun and hot -blast machine are installed on spraying slide, and hot -blast machine is arranged behind electrostatic spray gun.

2. The all-around spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 1, wherein, Each heating cavity is provided with a hot air hose connected to an air outlet pipe of a hot air device, and each hot air hose is provided with a solenoid valve.

3. The all-around spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 1, wherein, Each negative pressure column is provided with a fixed column, the top of the fixed column is provided with a mounting slot, the negative pressure column is slidably fitted in the mounting slot, the fixed column is provided with a locking cavity on one side of the mounting slot, the side wall of the mounting slot close to the locking cavity is provided with two vertical sliding grooves, the vertical sliding grooves are communicated with the locking cavity, a guide column is slidably fitted in the vertical sliding grooves, the guide column is fixedly connected to the negative pressure column, the locking cavity is provided with a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism is provided close to the top of the fixed column, the locking mechanism includes a locking block, each guide column is provided with a locking block, and the locking block is used to abut the guide column against the side wall of the vertical sliding groove.

4. The full-range spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 3, characterized in that, The locking mechanism further includes a bidirectional threaded screw rod and a drive shaft, the bidirectional threaded screw rod and the drive shaft are rotatably installed on the fixed column, the bidirectional threaded screw rod is perpendicular to the guide column, the locking block is threadedly sleeved on the bidirectional threaded screw rod, the thread directions of the two locking blocks are opposite, the guide column and the bidirectional threaded screw rod are perpendicular to the drive shaft, the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed column, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear are sleeved on the drive shaft and the bidirectional threaded screw rod respectively, and the second bevel gear engages the first bevel gear.

5. The omnibearing spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 4, wherein, A drive screw is threadedly connected to the side wall of the fixed column, the drive screw is coaxial with the drive shaft, a butt joint hole is formed in one end of the drive shaft close to the drive screw, a butt joint sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the butt joint hole along the axial direction of the butt joint hole, a butt joint sliding block is slidably fitted in the butt joint sliding groove, and the tail of the drive screw is movably inserted into the butt joint hole.

6. The omnibearing spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 1, wherein, The negative pressure column is internally provided with a negative pressure cavity, the negative pressure hole is communicated with the negative pressure cavity, the negative pressure column is connected with a negative pressure device through a negative pressure hose, a gas pressure hole is formed in the side wall of the negative pressure column, a gas pressure shaft is slidably arranged in the gas pressure hole, a gas pressure channel is arranged in the negative pressure column, one end of the gas pressure channel is communicated with the negative pressure cavity, and the other end of the gas pressure channel is connected with one side of the gas pressure hole; a center hole is formed in the end of the gas pressure shaft away from the negative pressure cavity, a side hole communicated with the center hole is formed in the side wall of the gas pressure shaft, and the side hole is communicated with the gas pressure channel or the side wall of the side hole blocks the gas pressure channel by moving the gas pressure shaft.

7. The all-around spraying device for automobile special-shaped parts of claim 6, characterized in that, A large-diameter hole is coaxially formed in the outer wall of the negative pressure column and communicated with the gas pressure hole, the diameter of the large-diameter hole is larger than that of the gas pressure hole, a hollow driving column is slidably arranged in the large-diameter hole, one end of the gas pressure shaft is fixedly connected with the hollow driving column, a spring is sleeved on the gas pressure shaft, one end of the spring is connected with the hollow driving column, and the other end of the spring is connected with a step formed between the large-diameter hole and the gas pressure hole, a hollow rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the large-diameter hole, two recesses are symmetrically formed in the end of the hollow driving column close to the hollow rotating shaft, the two recesses are connected through an arc-shaped recess, the arc-shaped recess is in the shape of a V letter, and a circular arc is arranged between the arc-shaped recess and the recess. Two extrusion plates are symmetrically fixed on the side wall of the hollow rotating shaft, the side hole is communicated with the gas pressure channel when the two extrusion plates are arranged in the two recesses, and the side hole and the gas pressure channel are staggered when the two extrusion plates are arranged in the two arc-shaped recesses.

8. The full-range spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 7, characterized in that, A driving ring is fixedly sleeved on the end of the hollow rotating shaft away from the hollow driving column, a lever is fixed on the side wall of the driving ring, an electric push rod is rotatably arranged on the negative pressure column, and the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod is rotatably connected with the lever.

9. The omnibearing spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 1, wherein, Two transverse supports are fixed on the spraying workbench, a transverse rotating shaft is arranged between the two transverse supports, the transverse rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the transverse supports, a first motor is arranged on one of the transverse supports, the output shaft of the first motor is drivingly connected with the transverse rotating shaft through a shaft coupling, two longitudinal supports are fixed on the transverse deflection plate, a longitudinal rotating shaft is arranged between the two longitudinal supports, the longitudinal rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the longitudinal supports, a second motor is arranged on one of the longitudinal supports, and the output shaft of the second motor is drivingly connected with the longitudinal rotating shaft.

10. The omnibearing spraying device for automobile irregular-shaped parts of claim 1, wherein, The spraying mechanism further comprises slide rails, a spraying base and spraying cylinders, the slide rails are arranged on the two sides of the spraying workbench, the spraying base is slidably arranged on the slide rails, the spraying cylinder is vertically arranged on the top of the spraying base, the two ends of the moving beam are respectively arranged on the telescopic shafts of the two spraying cylinders, the linear drive module is arranged on the bottom of the moving beam, and the spraying slide is arranged on the slide of the linear drive module.

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