Visual laser calibration method and laser processing device
By displaying the laser spot adjustment image on a touch-sensitive display and using an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to achieve precise adjustment of the laser spot position, the problems of long time consumption and mechanical damage in traditional calibration methods are solved, thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of laser processing equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing laser processing equipment suffers from decreased processing accuracy due to optical path deviation after long-term operation. Traditional calibration methods are time-consuming and inefficient, making it difficult to meet the needs of high-efficiency production and potentially causing damage to mechanical structures.
A visual laser calibration method is adopted, which uses the laser spot adjustment image on the touch-sensitive display and the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to achieve precise adjustment of the laser spot position, avoiding disassembly of the casing and manual adjustment.
It improves laser calibration efficiency, avoids mechanical damage, ensures consistent processing accuracy, and meets the needs of high-efficiency and high-precision production.
Smart Images
Figure CN121624633A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser processing technology, and in particular to a visual laser calibration method and laser processing apparatus. Background Technology
[0002] Laser processing technologies, such as laser cutting, welding, and marking, are widely used in industrial manufacturing due to their high precision, high efficiency, and non-contact processing characteristics. In these applications, the laser beam needs to be precisely deflected by a galvanometer mechanism to complete the processing at a specified position on the work surface. The core of the galvanometer mechanism is the galvanometer motor, which drives the deflection of a reflector to change the laser beam path. However, after long-term operation, mechanical vibration, or changes in ambient temperature, the optical path may shift, causing a deviation between the actual laser spot position and the target position, severely affecting processing accuracy and quality. Therefore, regular or pre-use precise calibration of the laser beam is crucial.
[0003] Current calibration procedures typically require the introduction of red light coaxial with the processing laser as an indicator light. Operators visually observe the position of the red light spot on the target or workpiece to determine its deviation from a preset target point (such as the center of a calibration plate crosshair). When a positional misalignment occurs, the welding torch head housing must be disassembled to expose the adjusting screws of the galvanometer motor structure. Subsequently, technicians manually adjust the adjusting screws of the galvanometer motor structure to change the position of the reflectors on the galvanometer motor structure (e.g., pitch and yaw angles), causing the red light spot output after reflection to move to the target position, thus achieving calibration. This process requires disassembling the housing and manual adjustment, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, and often requires repeated adjustments, further reducing efficiency.
[0004] Because it relies entirely on manual operation and subjective judgment, a single calibration is time-consuming, typically taking several minutes or even longer, making it difficult to meet the production line's requirements for Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). In mass production scenarios such as laser welding and precision packaging, equipment needs to undergo frequent periodic calibrations to ensure accuracy. This time-consuming calibration method directly impacts overall production efficiency. More importantly, different technicians have different operating habits and judgment standards, making it difficult for even the same person to guarantee completely consistent calibration results in different operations. This leads to unstable equipment status and makes it difficult to ensure the consistency of processed products.
[0005] Repeatedly disassembling and reassembling the housing and manually adjusting the position of the galvanometer motor structure using screws is another significant drawback of the existing calibration process. This adjustment method is inefficient and inevitably leads to a gradual increase in the clearance of the mechanical connection parts (e.g., stripped screws, worn locating pins, and slight deformation of the mounting surface). This slight damage and deformation of the mechanical structure caused by disassembly and reassembly has a cumulative effect, which in the long run will become an important factor leading to the slow deterioration of the red indicator laser (i.e., "deviation"), and may even result in damage to the galvanometer motor structure due to manual adjustment, requiring the replacement of the entire galvanometer motor structure.
[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a laser calibration method that allows for manual adjustment of the galvanometer motor structure without disassembling the casing or adjusting the position using screws, to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies. Furthermore, traditional methods lack an intuitive human-machine interface, and the calibration process is opaque, making it difficult to meet the demands for high precision and efficiency. Therefore, a visual and user-friendly red light calibration method is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention
[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a visual laser calibration method and laser processing device to address the above problems.
[0008] A visual laser calibration method is applied to a laser processing apparatus, the laser processing apparatus including an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, the method comprising: A light spot adjustment image is displayed on a touch-sensitive display. The light spot adjustment image includes multiple light spot adjustment touch icons, which are graphical interactive user interface objects. The multiple light spot adjustment touch icons can respectively indicate the movement direction of the light spot adjustment, including the up, down, left, and right directions. The movement command is generated in response to the touch operation of the light spot adjustment icon; The movement command is converted into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command; The electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism drive signal is generated according to the control command of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to control the deflection of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, thereby changing the position of the actual laser spot. The actual laser spot position is changed to coincide with the target position, and the laser calibration is completed.
[0009] Preferably, the light spot adjustment image further includes: a laser light spot schematic icon and a reference center point, wherein the laser light spot schematic icon can move on the light spot adjustment image in response to a touch operation of the light spot adjustment icon.
[0010] Preferably, the light spot adjustment touch icons are arranged symmetrically or in a ring around the edge of the light spot adjustment image.
[0011] Preferably, the movement command is generated in response to the touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon by the light spot adjustment touch icon, specifically including: capturing the user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon and generating a movement command, wherein the movement command includes at least a direction vector and a movement amount, wherein the direction vector is determined according to the light spot adjustment touch icon in the corresponding direction of the user touch or mechanical touch, and the movement amount is a fixed step size or determined according to the touch pressure or touch duration.
[0012] Preferably, the step of capturing the user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon to generate a movement command specifically includes: responding to the user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon, detecting the touch position in real time, and if the touch position falls within the area of the light spot adjustment touch icon, triggering the highlight feedback of the light spot adjustment touch icon to confirm that the user touch or mechanical touch is effective and generate a movement command at the same time.
[0013] Preferably, the step of converting the movement command into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command specifically includes: determining the electromagnetic driving force required to drive the reflector of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to deflect along the first axis and / or the second axis according to the movement command, and converting it into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command, which may be a current and / or voltage control command.
[0014] Preferably, the step of converting the movement command into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command further includes: pre-establishing a mapping table to map the displacement of the laser spot schematic diagram to the change in the deflection angle of the reflector in the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism along the first axis and / or the second axis.
[0015] Preferably, after generating driving power for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism according to the control command of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to control the deflection of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism and thereby change the actual position of the laser spot, the method further includes: generating another laser spot schematic marker in the spot adjustment image, wherein the position of the other laser spot schematic marker in the spot adjustment image changes synchronously with the position of the actual laser spot on the positioning target plate.
[0016] Preferably, the movement amount is a fixed step size or determined based on touch pressure or touch duration, specifically including: The fixed step size is a preset displacement unit, and the amount of movement is determined by adjusting the number of times the touch icon is touched by the light spot. Alternatively, when the touch pressure is determined, the pressure value of the touch spot on the touch icon is detected and quantified into an adjustment coefficient, and the movement amount is determined based on the product of the base step size and the adjustment coefficient. Alternatively, when the movement is determined based on the touch duration, the amount of movement is determined by multiplying the displacement that the actual laser spot can move by a unit touch duration by the touch duration.
[0017] Preferably, the method further includes: acquiring the actual laser spot position using an image acquisition device located at the laser exit port, and generating a laser spot schematic diagram and a reference center point on the spot adjustment image.
[0018] The present invention also provides a laser processing apparatus, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the above-described visual laser calibration method.
[0019] The present invention also provides a laser processing apparatus, comprising: Laser light source used to generate laser beams; An electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism used to change the actual position of the laser spot; A touch-sensitive display is used to display a light spot adjustment image, the light spot adjustment image including a plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being graphical interactive user interface objects, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being able to respectively indicate the movement direction of light spot adjustment, the movement direction including up, down, left, and right directions; the touch-sensitive display is also used to receive touch operations on the light spot adjustment icons; The control unit is electrically connected to the touch display. The control unit is used to generate a movement command in response to the touch operation of the light spot adjustment icon through the light spot adjustment touch icon, and convert the movement command into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command. Based on the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command, the control unit generates driving power for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to control the deflection of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, thereby changing the actual laser spot position.
[0020] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention enables users to visually and intuitively control the movement of the actual laser spot by displaying directional laser spot adjustment icons on a touch-sensitive display. The laser spot schematic icon allows for observation of the movement direction, providing a visually identifiable view on the touchscreen. By converting movement commands into control commands for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism and generating drive signals, precise control of the actual laser spot position offset is ensured, significantly improving laser calibration efficiency compared to traditional manual calibration. This method simplifies the complex traditional manual calibration process, lowers the operational threshold, and avoids the need to replace the entire galvanometer motor structure due to damage caused by manually tightening screws. Furthermore, since it eliminates the need for disassembling the outer casing and manual adjustment, it prevents contamination of the precision optical components inside the laser processing device.
[0021] Furthermore, in the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism of the present invention, the magnetic component is directly fixed on the frame of the elastic component, and the magnetic excitation component is directly fixed on the electrical connector body. The sleeve arrangement of the magnetic components achieves the beneficial effects of small size, flatness, light weight, high precision, and good reliability. Using the above-mentioned electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism with small size, flatness, light weight, high precision, and good reliability in the laser calibration of the present invention makes laser calibration more efficient than the existing calibration methods. It eliminates the need to disassemble the outer shell of the device and manually adjust the position of the galvanometer motor structure using adjusting screws. It also avoids the mechanical damage and precision degradation of the processing device caused by manual adjustment in the existing technology, and eliminates the situation in the existing technology where manual adjustment of the galvanometer motor structure leads to damage to the galvanometer motor structure and requires replacement of the entire galvanometer motor structure. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] in: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser processing apparatus in one embodiment.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a first-angle perspective view of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism in one embodiment.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a second-angle perspective view of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism in one embodiment.
[0026] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism in one embodiment.
[0027] Figure 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the electrical connector in the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism in one embodiment.
[0028] Figure 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the elastic component in the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism in one embodiment.
[0029] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a visual laser calibration method provided in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a laser spot adjustment image in a visual laser calibration method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0032] This invention provides a visual laser calibration method applied to a laser processing device. In this embodiment, the laser processing device is specifically a handheld laser welding gun. The front end of the handheld laser welding gun is provided with a laser emission port (or laser exit port), and a light guide nozzle is typically detachably installed at the emission port. The laser emission port has a geometric center. In another embodiment, the laser processing device can also be a laser processing machine tool.
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the laser processing apparatus includes: A laser, used to output a laser beam; An electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, located downstream of the laser, is used to receive the incident laser beam and change the propagation direction of the incident laser beam by adjusting the angle. The control unit, electrically connected to the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, is used to control the operation of the laser processing device.
[0034] It should be noted that there are also optical elements (e.g., collimating mirrors) between the laser and the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, and there are also optical elements (e.g., focusing mirrors, protective mirrors) downstream of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, which are not shown in the figure.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown in Figure -5, the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism includes: Reflector 1 is used to reflect the laser beam and adjust the reflected beam by changing its angle. The elastic component 2 includes a frame 201, at least two elastic elements 202 disposed on the frame 201, and a magnetic component 203. The reflector 1 is installed in the central region of the frame 201, and the elastic element 202 has a preset elastic degree of freedom. The electrical connector 3 includes an electrical connector body 301 and at least two magnetic excitation components 302 disposed on the electrical connector body 301. The magnetic excitation components 302 are electrically connected to the electrical connector body 301 and are disposed corresponding to the magnetic components 203 on the elastic component 2. The magnetic excitation components 302 and the magnetic components 203 constitute a driving component. One end of the electrical connector body 301 is used to receive a current adjustment command and pass a driving current to the magnetic excitation component 302, so that an electromagnetic driving force is generated between the magnetic excitation component 302 and the magnetic component 203. The electromagnetic driving force is used to drive the elastic component 2 to deform, so as to drive the reflector 1 to change its angle.
[0036] By directly fixing the magnetic excitation component 302 to the electrical connector body 301, the elastic component 2 can be directly driven without going through a complex transmission mechanism. The power can be transmitted to the elastic component 2 without loss, driving the reflector 1 to deflect, thus avoiding the problems of backlash error and friction loss that are common in traditional indirect drive. The electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism achieves the beneficial effects of small size, flatness, light weight, high precision, and good reliability through the layout of the magnetic component 203 on the same side as the reflector 1, the sleeve of the magnetic excitation component 302, and the integrated design of direct drive and elastic component 2.
[0037] For example, a reflector 1 is fixed in the central region of the frame 201.
[0038] The function of the reflector 1 is to reflect the laser beam and change the direction of the beam by controlling its angle, thereby achieving precise control in laser processing.
[0039] For example, the electrical connector 3 is disposed on the front side of the reflector 1 on the elastic component 2, and the electrical connector body 301 has a hollow area at one end corresponding to the elastic component 2, and the hollow area does not block the effective reflection area of the reflector 1.
[0040] For example, the magnetic component 301 is a permanent magnet, the magnetic excitation component 302 is a coil, the magnetic excitation component 302 forms a receiving space, the permanent magnet 301 can be placed in the receiving space of the magnetic excitation component 302 and the outer peripheral surface is provided with a gap between the inner wall of the space, so that the permanent magnet 301 can move in a preset direction within the receiving space.
[0041] For example, the electrical connector body 301 is a rigid circuit board (PCB), a flexible circuit board (FPC), a flexible flat cable (FFC), or a rigid-flex PCB.
[0042] For example, the number of driving components and elastic elements 202 is the same. When there are four driving components distributed along the first axis and the second axis (X and Y axes), two-dimensional adjustment is achieved. The first axis is the center line connecting two opposing magnetic excitation components 302, and the second axis is the center line connecting another two opposing magnetic excitation components 302. The reflector 1 can rotate around the first axis or the second axis.
[0043] For example, the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism further includes a support base 4, which is disposed on the front side of the reflector 1 on the elastic component 2 and is rigidly connected to the elastic component 2 to limit the displacement of the elastic component 2 in the non-deformation direction. The support base 4 has a hollow area that does not block the effective reflection area of the reflector 1.
[0044] For example, the support base 4 is provided with a clearance groove 401 through which the magnetic component 203 and the magnetic excitation component 302 can pass, and its position and shape are adapted to the magnetic excitation component 302.
[0045] Furthermore, the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism also includes a support plate 5, which is disposed on the back side of the reflector 1 on the elastic component 2 and is arranged parallel to the support base 4 to form a closed support frame. The support plate 5 and the support base 4 are detachably and fastened together.
[0046] Furthermore, the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism also includes at least two fixing members 6 for fastening the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism. The fixing members 6 can pass through the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism and connect to the mounting interface.
[0047] For example, the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism further includes at least one sensor assembly disposed on the elastic component 2 and / or the electrical connector 3, the sensor assembly being electrically connected to the electrical connector 3 for real-time monitoring and feedback of the angle change of the reflector 1.
[0048] This invention eliminates redundant structural layers and significantly reduces the height of the component by directly fixing the magnetic component 203 to the frame 201 of the elastic component 2 and arranging it on the same side as the reflector 1, thus achieving a flattened structure for the transmission component. The nested layout of the magnetic component 203 further compresses space, reducing the overall size of the two-dimensional electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, making it particularly suitable for applications with strict space requirements, such as handheld welding torches. The elastic component 2 serves as both a motion guide mechanism and a carrier for the magnetic component 203, eliminating the need for separate support seats and fasteners, significantly reducing the number of parts. This not only reduces the overall weight but also reduces potential failure points caused by loose or worn parts, improving the reliability and lifespan of the mechanism. Furthermore, the elastic component 2 itself possesses excellent reset properties. The device exhibits excellent performance, enabling it to quickly and smoothly return to its initial position after the drive signal is removed. Furthermore, by directly fixing the magnetic excitation component 302 to the electrical connector body 301, it eliminates the need for a complex transmission mechanism, enabling direct drive of the elastic component 2. This allows for lossless transmission to the elastic component 2, driving the reflector 1 to deflect, thus avoiding common problems in traditional indirect drive methods such as backlash error and friction loss. The two-dimensional electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism of this invention achieves the beneficial effects of small size, flatness, light weight, high precision, and high reliability through an integrated design where the magnetic excitation component 302 is directly fixed to the electrical connector body 301, the magnetic component 203 is arranged on the same side as the reflector 1, the magnetic excitation component 302 is sleeved, and the magnetic component 203 is directly fixed to the frame 201 of the elastic component 2.
[0049] This invention provides a visual laser calibration method, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the method includes: Step 101: Display a light spot adjustment image on a touch-sensitive display. The light spot adjustment image includes multiple light spot adjustment touch icons, which are graphical interactive user interface objects. The multiple light spot adjustment touch icons can respectively indicate the movement direction of the light spot adjustment, including the up, down, left, and right directions. Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the laser spot adjustment image includes multiple laser spot adjustment touch icons, which are graphical interactive user interface objects. These icons can respectively indicate the movement direction of the laser spot adjustment, including up, down, left, and right directions. It should be noted that the multiple laser spot adjustment touch icons have directional markings; touching a laser spot adjustment touch icon will cause the actual laser spot to move in the corresponding direction. The actual laser spot refers to the laser spot formed on the positioning target plate by the laser beam emitted from the laser output port of the laser processing device. A positioning target plate is set near and below the laser output port; generally, the center of the positioning target plate (which will be marked) coincides with the center of the laser output port.
[0050] In this embodiment, the light spot adjustment image does not include simulated graphics of both the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot, but only includes multiple light spot adjustment touch icons, typically four, representing the four directions: up, down, left, and right. Thus, the calibrator only needs to adjust (e.g., touch the light spot adjustment touch icon) while observing whether the emitted actual laser spot (e.g., red light) coincides with the target center of the positioning target plate to determine whether the adjusted actual laser spot (e.g., red light) has been calibrated successfully. It should be noted that "coincidence" in "coincidence" means not only complete coincidence, but also allows for a certain positional deviation. That is, if the positional deviation between the actual light spot and the target center of the positioning target plate is within the allowable range, it is considered coincident. The specific allowable range can be set as needed.
[0051] In other embodiments, the spot adjustment image also includes simulated graphics of both the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot (see [link]). Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the central ring and the laser spot within it simulates the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot, but it cannot reflect the actual deviation between the actual laser spot and the positioning target plate. For example, the central ring represents the boundary of the positioning target plate, and the center of the central ring represents the target center of the positioning target plate (it should be noted that...). Figure 7 The central ring is used to represent the target center of the positioning target plate. It doesn't have to be a central ring; it could be a rectangular ring or other shapes. Alternatively, it could simply be displayed as a reference center point (representing the target center of the positioning target plate, hereinafter the same). The laser spot diagram does not represent the actual laser spot; for example, it could be a crosshair or a dot. The calibrator can see in the spot adjustment image whether the laser spot diagram moves after touching the spot adjustment touch icon. If it moves, it means the actual laser spot has also moved in the direction indicated by the spot adjustment touch icon. However, calibration cannot be determined solely by the simulated image; it still needs to be observed on the positioning target plate to determine if the actual laser spot coincides with the target center. Furthermore, the laser spot diagram can be set to a brightly colored crosshair or dot. When the spot deviates from the center, the bright color is yellow or red; when the laser spot diagram coincides with the center of the central ring, the bright color is green.
[0052] In other embodiments, the spot adjustment image also includes simulated graphics of both the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot (see [link]). Figure 7The diagram, showing the laser spot within the central ring (simulating the target plate and the actual laser spot), illustrates the actual deviation between the laser spot and the target plate. The central ring represents the boundary of the target plate, its center represents the target's center, and the laser spot diagram represents the actual laser spot, such as a cross or a dot. Figure 7 As shown, the simulated graphic is scaled proportionally to the positioning target and the actual laser spot to ensure visual consistency. Thus, by observing the simulated graphic while adjusting (e.g., touching the spot adjustment touch icon) and checking if the laser spot indicator falls in the center of the central ring, the calibrator can determine whether the adjusted actual laser spot (e.g., red light) has been calibrated successfully. Furthermore, the laser spot indicator is set to a brightly colored crosshair or dot; when the laser spot indicator deviates from the center of the central ring, the bright color is yellow or red; when the laser spot indicator coincides with the center of the central ring, the bright color is green.
[0053] Furthermore, the light spot adjustment touch icons are arranged symmetrically or in a circular manner along the edge of the light spot adjustment image.
[0054] Furthermore, each of the light spot adjustment touch icons corresponds to a unique direction code, and each of the light spot adjustment touch icons has a direction symbol or mark that is consistent with the direction code.
[0055] The light spot adjustment image establishes a standardized coordinate system with the center position as the origin (0,0). The origin (0,0) represents the bullseye of the positioning target board, so that the position of the light spot adjustment touch icon, the laser light spot schematic icon and the movement vector can be accurately calculated in the same coordinate system.
[0056] Step 102: Generate a movement command in response to a touch operation on the light spot adjustment icon; Specifically, step 102 includes capturing user touch or mechanical touch operations on the laser spot adjustment touch icon and generating a movement command. The movement command includes at least a direction vector and a movement amount. The direction vector is determined based on the direction of the laser spot adjustment touch icon corresponding to the user touch or mechanical touch, and the movement amount is a fixed step size or determined based on touch pressure or touch duration. It should be noted that the movement command can move the laser spot schematic icon on the laser spot adjustment image.
[0057] Specifically, step 102 includes responding to user touch or mechanical touch of the light spot adjustment touch icon, detecting the touch position in real time, and if the touch position falls within the area of the light spot adjustment touch icon, triggering the highlight feedback of the light spot adjustment touch icon to confirm that the user touch or mechanical touch is effective, and generating a movement command at the same time.
[0058] Each light spot adjustment touch icon has a clearly defined boundary area in the standardized coordinate system.
[0059] A geometric collision detection algorithm is used to determine whether a touch point falls within the boundary area. The light spot adjustment touch icon is a circular icon: determine whether the distance between the touch position and the center of the circular icon is less than the radius of the circular icon; The light spot adjustment touch icon is a rectangular icon: it determines whether the coordinates of the touch position are within the rectangular boundary.
[0060] When a touch is detected falling within the area of the light spot adjustment touch icon, visual highlighting feedback is provided: the appearance of the light spot adjustment touch icon changes in real time; in the highlight state, the saturation is increased to 100%, the transparency is reduced to 80%, and a glowing border effect is added; a short vibration (lasting 50-100 milliseconds) can also be generated by the built-in linear motor to provide physical operation confirmation.
[0061] Furthermore, the fixed step size is a preset displacement unit, and the amount of movement is determined by adjusting the number of times the touch icon is touched by the touch spot.
[0062] During initialization, a fixed step size is defined, such as 1μm, 5μm, or 10μm. Each time the user touches the light spot to adjust the touch icon, a movement command is generated, with the movement amount being the fixed step size. For example, if the user touches the "up" icon three times, the cumulative movement amount is 3μm (assuming a step size of 1μm). A counter records the number of touches and can be reset after the operation is completed.
[0063] For example, when a user touches an icon, a direction vector (such as (0,1) representing "up") is combined with a fixed step size (such as 1μm) to form a movement command.
[0064] Alternatively, when the touch pressure is determined, the pressure value of the touch spot on the touch icon is detected in real time and quantified into an adjustment coefficient. The movement amount is determined based on the product of the base step size and the adjustment coefficient.
[0065] Touch pressure data is sampled at a frequency of at least 100 Hz using an integrated capacitive or piezoelectric pressure sensor. The pressure value is quantized as a normalized adjustment coefficient of 0-1 (e.g., the pressure value P is mapped to the coefficient k = P / P_max, where P_max is the maximum pressure threshold).
[0066] The adjustment coefficient k is dynamically calculated based on the pressure value: light pressure (pressure value below 30% P_max) corresponds to k=0.5, medium pressure (30%-70% P_max) corresponds to k=1.0, and heavy pressure (pressure value above 70% P_max) corresponds to k=2.0. The coefficient k is multiplied by the base step size (e.g., 1μm) to obtain the actual movement amount: movement amount = base step size × k.
[0067] For example, when a user touches the "right" directional icon with heavy pressure (pressure value 80% P_max, k=2.0), a movement command with a base step size of 1μm and a movement amount of 2μm is generated.
[0068] Alternatively, when the touch duration is used as the basis for determination, the movement amount is determined by multiplying the displacement of the laser spot per unit touch duration by the touch duration. The displacement of the actual laser spot per unit touch duration can be set as needed; for example, 1 μm displacement can be achieved in 1 second. Therefore, if the touch duration is 3 seconds, a displacement of 3 μm in the corresponding direction of the actual laser spot can be achieved.
[0069] Step 103: Convert the movement command into electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command; Specifically, a pre-established mapping table maps the displacement of the laser spot schematic symbol (including direction vector and movement amount) to the deflection angle change of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism (i.e., the deflection angle of the reflector 1 of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism along the first axis and / or the second axis). In other words, a certain deflection angle of the reflector 1 of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism along the first axis and / or the second axis corresponds to a certain displacement of the actual laser spot in one of the four directions: up, down, left, or right. For example, "the laser spot schematic symbol on the spot adjustment image moves 10μm to the right" corresponds to "the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism deflects +0.05 along the X-axis," establishing a mapping relationship.
[0070] The mapping table is used to determine the mathematical relationship between the schematic diagram of the laser spot (including the direction vector and the amount of movement) and the change in the deflection angle of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism.
[0071] For each directional vector, different movement amounts (e.g., 1μm, 5μm, 10μm) correspond to the corresponding change in the deflection angle of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism (Δθx, Δθy), ensuring the integrity of the mapping table. For example, "the laser spot icon on the spot adjustment image moves 10μm to the right" corresponds to "the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism deflects +0.05° along the X-axis." Δθx or Δθy can be negative or positive, representing clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the first axis and the second axis (X, Y axes), respectively.
[0072] Specifically, step 103 further includes determining the electromagnetic driving force required to drive the electromagnetic mirror mechanism to deflect (i.e., drive the reflector 1 of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism to deflect along the first axis and / or the second axis) according to the movement command, and converting it into an electromagnetic mirror mechanism control command, such as a current and / or voltage control command.
[0073] An electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism typically consists of a reflector 1, an elastic component 2, and an electromagnetic coil. The change in deflection angle Δθ of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism has a mapping relationship with the required electromagnetic driving force F. This relationship is determined through principle calculations, pre-calibrated experimental data, or mathematical models.
[0074] Since the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism may deflect simultaneously along the first and second axes, the electromagnetic driving force F needs to be decomposed into two components (F_x, F_y). F_x is used to drive the X-axis deflection and is proportional to Δθx. F_y is used to drive the Y-axis deflection and is proportional to Δθy.
[0075] Step 104: Generate driving power for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism according to the control command of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, so as to deflect the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism and thereby change the position of the actual laser spot.
[0076] Driven electrical energy, such as drive current and / or drive voltage, is generated according to the control commands of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to deflect the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism. Specifically, this deflection is manifested in the deflection angle of the reflector 1 of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism. Once the reflector 1 of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism deflects, the laser beam path changes, resulting in a change in the actual laser spot position. At this time, it can be observed on the positioning target plate whether the actual laser spot position is close to the target center of the positioning target plate. If it is far away, the other spot adjustment touch icon in the opposite direction can be touched; if it is close, the original spot adjustment touch icon can be touched again.
[0077] Step 105: Change the position of the actual laser spot to coincide with the target position, and the laser calibration is completed.
[0078] Specifically, the target location can be the bullseye of the aforementioned positioning target plate. As described in step 104 above, it can be observed on the positioning target plate whether the actual laser spot position is close to the bullseye of the positioning target plate. If it is far away, you can touch the other spot adjustment touch icon in the opposite direction; if it is close, then continue to touch the original spot adjustment touch icon until the actual laser spot position coincides with the bullseye of the positioning target plate.
[0079] Specifically, it can also be observed on the spot adjustment image on the touch-sensitive display, because, as mentioned earlier, the spot adjustment image also includes simulated graphics of both the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot (see...). Figure 7The diagram, showing the laser spot within the central ring (simulating the target plate and the actual laser spot), illustrates the actual deviation between the laser spot and the target plate. The central ring represents the boundary of the target plate, its center represents the target's center, and the laser spot diagram represents the actual laser spot, such as a cross or a dot. Figure 7 As shown. Thus, it is possible to observe on the touch-sensitive display whether the laser spot diagram is aligned with the aforementioned reference center point (e.g., it could be...). Figure 7 Laser calibration is completed at the center of the middle ring, without needing to touch the light spot adjustment icon and then go to the positioning target plate to observe the actual light spot position change, which greatly improves the efficiency of laser calibration.
[0080] Furthermore, after step 104, the method further includes: generating another laser spot schematic marker within the spot adjustment image, wherein the position of the other laser spot schematic marker in the spot adjustment image changes synchronously with the position of the actual laser spot on the positioning target plate, in order to provide visual feedback and allow the user to intuitively verify the correctness of the operation.
[0081] Specifically, the displacement of the actual laser spot on the positioning target plate after the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism is deflected is simulated by marking the displacement in the laser spot adjustment image using a laser spot diagram, providing users with instant visual feedback.
[0082] When the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism deflects according to the drive signal, the laser beam path changes, causing the actual laser spot on the positioning target plate to shift. Within the spot adjustment image, a laser spot schematic icon is dynamically rendered, moving along the direction of the spot adjustment touch icon touched by the user. This allows the user to intuitively verify the correctness of the operation, for example, by observing whether the movement direction of the laser spot schematic icon is consistent with the direction indicated by the spot adjustment touch icon, thereby avoiding blind operation, reducing calibration time, and improving work efficiency.
[0083] Through this intuitive interface, users can quickly confirm the actual movement of the laser spot, which is significantly better than the existing technology that requires disassembling the device's outer shell, manually adjusting the position of the galvanometer motor structure using adjusting screws, and then observing the actual movement of the laser spot on the positioning target plate. This greatly improves efficiency and is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring high efficiency and high precision calibration, such as handheld laser welding machines.
[0084] Furthermore, the method also includes: acquiring the actual laser spot position using an image acquisition device positioned near the laser exit port, and generating a laser spot schematic icon in the spot adjustment image for calibration and verification. It should be noted that after acquiring the actual laser spot position, the actual laser spot position and the target position can be simulated and displayed on the spot adjustment image at a certain scale. The laser spot schematic icon represents the actual laser spot, and the center of the spot adjustment image represents the target position, which is the bullseye of the positioning target plate.
[0085] Specifically, the image acquisition device captures the actual position data of the laser spot on the positioning target plate in real time and transmits it to the laser processing device; the laser processing device then displays a schematic diagram of the laser spot and the center of the laser spot adjustment image (i.e., a simulated representation of the positioning target plate and the actual laser spot) in the spot adjustment image, and the schematic diagram of the laser spot (e.g. Figure 7 In the diagram, the laser spot is represented by a dot (the actual laser spot is centered in the image). Figure 7 The center of the middle ring represents the target position, thus helping users to perform precise calibration.
[0086] Specifically, a positioning target plate and an image acquisition device are installed at the laser emission port (located near the laser emission port). The image acquisition device can acquire images of the laser spot formed on the positioning target plate and the positioning target plate itself, thereby determining the actual position of the laser spot. After the image acquisition device (such as a CCD or CMOS camera) acquires an image containing the positioning target and the laser spot, the control unit processes the image. First, it identifies the target center position of the positioning target plate as the reference origin. Then, it uses image segmentation and centroid algorithms to extract the center pixel coordinates of the laser spot. Finally, it converts the pixel coordinates into physical coordinates using preset calibration parameters, thereby determining the actual position of the laser spot. X actual , Y actual Based on the actual laser spot position ( X actual , Y actual The laser spot diagram and reference center point are generated in the laser spot adjustment image. In this way, the actual position of the laser spot on the positioning target plate and the target center position of the positioning target plate can be simulated on the touch screen, thus enabling laser calibration to be performed on the touch screen.
[0087] This invention enables users to visually and intuitively control the movement of the actual laser spot by displaying directional laser spot adjustment icons on a touch-sensitive display. The laser spot schematic icon allows for observation of the movement direction, providing a visually identifiable view on the touchscreen. By converting movement commands into control commands for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism and generating drive signals, precise control of the actual laser spot position offset is ensured, significantly improving laser calibration efficiency compared to traditional manual calibration. This method simplifies the complex traditional manual calibration process, lowers the operational threshold, and avoids the need to replace the entire galvanometer motor structure due to damage caused by manually tightening screws. Furthermore, since it eliminates the need for disassembling the outer casing and manual adjustment, it prevents contamination of the precision optical components inside the laser processing device.
[0088] This invention also provides a laser processing apparatus, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the above-described visual laser calibration method.
[0089] This invention also provides a laser processing apparatus, comprising: Laser light source used to generate laser beams; An electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism used to change the actual position of the laser spot; A touch-sensitive display is used to display a light spot adjustment image, the light spot adjustment image including a plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being graphical interactive user interface objects, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being able to respectively indicate the movement direction of light spot adjustment, the movement direction including up, down, left, and right directions; the touch-sensitive display is also used to receive touch operations on the light spot adjustment icons; The control unit is electrically connected to the touch display. The control unit is used to generate a movement command in response to the touch operation of the light spot adjustment icon through the light spot adjustment touch icon, and convert the movement command into an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command. Based on the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism control command, the control unit generates driving power for the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism to control the deflection of the electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, thereby changing the actual laser spot position.
[0090] It should be noted that the present invention uses a visible indicator laser (e.g., a red indicator laser) for calibration. In other cases, a visible non-indicator laser (e.g., a processing laser) can also be used, but an attenuator must be used to attenuate the processing laser in order to perform laser calibration.
[0091] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and RAMbus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.
[0092] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0093] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A visual laser calibration method applied to a laser processing device, said laser processing device comprising an electromagnetic galvanometer mechanism, characterized in that, The method comprises: displaying a light spot adjustment image on a touch-sensitive display, the light spot adjustment image comprising a plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being graphical interactive user interface objects, the plurality of light spot adjustment touch icons being respectively indicative of a moving direction of light spot adjustment, the moving direction comprising up, down, left, and right directions; generating a moving instruction through the light spot adjustment touch icon in response to a light spot adjustment icon touch operation; converting the moving instruction into an electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction; generating driving electric energy of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism according to the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction to deflect the electromagnetic mirror mechanism, so as to change an actual laser light spot position; changing the actual laser light spot position to coincide with a target position, and completing laser calibration.
2. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The light spot adjustment image further comprises a laser light spot schematic icon and a reference center point, the laser light spot schematic icon being movable on the light spot adjustment image in response to the light spot adjustment icon touch operation.
3. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The light spot adjustment touch icons are arranged in a symmetrical or annular manner at edges of the light spot adjustment image.
4. The visualized laser calibration method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, The generating of the moving instruction through the light spot adjustment touch icon in response to the light spot adjustment icon touch operation specifically comprises: capturing a user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon and generating a moving instruction, the moving instruction at least containing a direction vector and a moving amount, wherein the direction vector is determined according to the light spot adjustment touch icon corresponding to a direction of the user touch or mechanical touch, and the moving amount is a fixed step or is determined according to a touch pressure or a touch time length.
5. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The capturing of the user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon and the generating of the moving instruction specifically comprise: in response to the user touch or mechanical touch operation of the light spot adjustment touch icon, detecting a touch position in real time, if the touch position falls within a light spot adjustment touch icon region, triggering a highlight feedback of the light spot adjustment touch icon to confirm that the user touch or mechanical touch takes effect and simultaneously generate the moving instruction.
6. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The converting of the moving instruction into the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction specifically comprises: determining electromagnetic driving force required for driving a mirror of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism to deflect along a first axis and / or a second axis according to the moving instruction, and converting the electromagnetic driving force into the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction, the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction being a current and / or voltage control instruction.
7. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The converting of the moving instruction into the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction specifically further comprises: pre-establishing a mapping table to map a displacement amount of the laser light spot schematic icon to a change amount of a deflection angle of the mirror of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism along the first axis and / or the second axis.
8. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, After the generating of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism driving electric energy according to the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction to control deflection of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism, so as to change the actual laser light spot position, the method further comprises: generating another laser light spot schematic icon in the light spot adjustment image, a position of the another laser light spot schematic icon in the light spot adjustment image being synchronously changed with a position of the actual laser light spot on a positioning target plate.
9. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 4, wherein, The moving amount being a fixed step or being determined according to a touch pressure or a touch time length specifically comprises: The fixed step length is a preset displacement unit, and the movement amount is determined by the number of times of adjusting the touch icon by the touch spot; Or, when determined based on touch pressure, the pressure value of adjusting the touch icon by the touch spot is detected and quantified as an adjustment coefficient, and the movement amount is determined according to the product of the basic step length and the adjustment coefficient; Or, when determined based on touch duration, the displacement amount that can be moved by the actual laser spot according to the unit touch duration is multiplied by the touch duration to determine the movement amount.
10. The visualized laser calibration method of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: acquiring the actual laser spot position by the image acquisition device arranged at the laser light outlet, and generating a laser spot schematic icon and a reference center point on the spot adjustment image.
11. A laser processing apparatus characterized by comprising: The device comprises a processor and a memory, and the memory stores a computer program which is executed by the processor to implement the visualized laser calibration method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A laser processing apparatus characterized by comprising: The device comprises: a laser light source for generating a laser spot; an electromagnetic mirror mechanism for changing the actual laser spot position; a touch-sensitive display for displaying a spot adjustment image, the spot adjustment image comprising a plurality of spot adjustment touch icons, the plurality of spot adjustment touch icons being graphical interactive user interface objects, the plurality of spot adjustment touch icons being respectively indicative of a movement direction of spot adjustment, the movement direction comprising up, down, left and right directions; the touch-sensitive display further receiving a spot adjustment icon touch operation; a control unit electrically connected with the touch display, the control unit being configured to generate a movement instruction by the spot adjustment touch icon in response to the spot adjustment icon touch operation, and convert the movement instruction into an electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction, and form a driving electric energy of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism according to the electromagnetic mirror mechanism control instruction to control the deflection of the electromagnetic mirror mechanism, thereby changing the actual laser spot position.