Processing center vacuum chuck and numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a machining center vacuum chuck and numerical control machine tool, the machining center vacuum chuck includes chuck base, positioning pin, vacuum valve and sealing strip, the vacuum passage is connected with the vacuum valve, the upper surface of the chuck base is equipped with a plurality of positioning pin mounting holes, workpiece mounting positions and air holes connected with the vacuum passage, the air holes are arranged in the workpiece mounting positions, the bottom of the workpiece to be machined is arranged above the workpiece mounting positions through the sealing strip, the positioning pin is arranged on the mounting table at the bottom of the positioning pin mounting hole through elastic elements, the positioning pin mounting hole is communicated with the vacuum passage, the positioning pin positions the mounting position of the workpiece to be machined on the upper surface of the chuck base, the bottom surface of the positioning pin is sealed with the mounting table in the open state of the vacuum valve, and the elastic elements apply upward elastic force to the positioning pin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a vacuum chuck for machining centers and a CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A CNC machine tool is a device that uses a computer control system to automate machining operations. Through pre-set programs and instructions, it controls the machine tool to perform machining operations such as cutting, drilling, and milling, thereby achieving high-precision and high-efficiency machining processes. CNC machine tools are widely used in manufacturing and can process various metallic and non-metallic materials, such as steel, aluminum alloys, and plastics. They offer advantages such as high flexibility, high machining accuracy, and high production efficiency.

[0003] Existing CNC machine tools often use machining center vacuum chucks during processing. Vacuum chucks can hold the workpiece for processing. When installing the workpiece on the vacuum chuck, locating pins are usually installed to position the workpiece. After the workpiece is installed, the locating pins need to be removed. This processing method will significantly reduce processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of low installation efficiency of positioning pins of vacuum chucks in the prior art, which affects the production speed of machining centers, and to provide a machining center vacuum chuck and CNC machine tool that can shorten the time spent installing the workpiece to be processed by the vacuum chuck and improve production efficiency.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0006] A vacuum chuck for machining centers, characterized in that the vacuum chuck for machining centers includes a chuck base, a positioning pin, a vacuum valve, and a sealing strip.

[0007] The suction cup base includes a vacuum channel, which is connected to a vacuum valve. The upper surface of the suction cup base is provided with several positioning pin mounting holes, a workpiece mounting position, and a vent hole that connects to the vacuum channel. The vent hole is located in the workpiece mounting position, and the bottom of the workpiece to be processed is mounted above the workpiece mounting position by a sealing strip.

[0008] The positioning pin is mounted on the mounting platform at the bottom of the positioning pin mounting hole via an elastic element. The positioning pin mounting hole is connected to the vacuum channel. The positioning pin positions the workpiece to be processed on the upper surface of the suction cup base. When the vacuum valve is open, the bottom surface of the positioning pin is sealed to the mounting platform. The elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the positioning pin.

[0009] Preferably, the mounting platform is provided with an annular groove, the inner side of the annular groove is provided with a through hole communicating with the vacuum channel, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove. When the vacuum suction cup of the machining center is in operation, the bottom surface of the positioning pin is in contact with the sealing ring.

[0010] Preferably, an installation groove is provided between the inner side of the annular groove and the through hole, and a spring mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the positioning pin, with the spring disposed in the installation groove.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the mounting hole of the positioning pin is provided with a limiting ring, and the top of the positioning pin is provided with a positioning end. The diameter of the hole of the limiting ring is smaller than the maximum diameter of the positioning pin and larger than the diameter of the positioning end.

[0012] Preferably, the workpiece mounting position includes a mounting groove, the sealing strip is located on the outside of the mounting groove, the vent is located at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a plurality of support strips supporting the workpiece to be processed are provided in the mounting groove, with an exhaust channel between the support strips and the side wall of the mounting groove.

[0013] Ideally, the machining center is a CNC machine tool.

[0014] The CNC machine tool includes a processing module and an in-machine probe. The in-machine probe is used to detect whether the top of the positioning pin is lower than the upper surface of the vacuum chuck of the machining center when the vacuum valve is open. If not, the machining process is stopped; or...

[0015] The CNC machine tool includes a processing module and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is used to detect whether the pressure in the vacuum channel is lower than the preset pressure when the vacuum valve is open. If not, the processing process is stopped.

[0016] Preferably, the vacuum channel includes a main channel, a transverse channel, and a longitudinal channel. The main channel connects to a vacuum valve and a vent. The transverse channel is connected to the main channel. The two longitudinal channels are connected to the transverse channel. One end of each transverse and longitudinal channel is provided with a channel through hole. The channel through hole is sealed by a threaded plug. The machining center is a CNC machine tool. The CNC machine tool includes a processing module and a detection module. A corresponding calibration hole is provided opposite to the channel through hole. The calibration hole is coaxial with the corresponding channel through hole and has the same shape.

[0017] The detection module is used to collect shape data of calibration holes and channel through holes before processing the workpiece;

[0018] The processing module is used to obtain the axis data of the calibration hole and the corresponding through hole channel through the shape data, obtain the axis offset using the axis data, and use the axis offset to compensate the processing parameters of the workpiece.

[0019] Preferably, the CNC machine tool includes a machining module.

[0020] The processing module is used to process the workpiece using the compensated processing parameters;

[0021] The detection module is used to collect workpiece data after processing;

[0022] The processing module determines whether the workpiece data is consistent with the latest processing parameters. If not, it uses the workpiece data and the latest processing parameters to obtain the processing offset, and uses the processing offset to compensate for the processing parameters of the next workpiece to be processed.

[0023] Preferably, the CNC machine tool is equipped with a temperature module, which is used to acquire the ambient temperature of the detection module and the processing module. The processing module is used to determine whether the temperature difference between the current ambient temperature and the ambient temperature when the processing parameters of the workpiece were compensated last time is greater than a preset value. If so, a new round of compensation of the processing parameters of the workpiece is executed.

[0024] The present invention also provides a CNC machine tool, characterized in that the CNC machine tool includes a machining center vacuum chuck as described above.

[0025] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] This application can shorten the time required for vacuum chucks to mount workpieces and improve production efficiency. Through mechanical and pneumatic design, this application uses the pressure change of the vacuum system as a control signal and power source to achieve automatic pop-out and retraction of the positioning pin. This provides a reference during the positioning stage and completely eliminates it during the machining stage, perfectly balancing the two major requirements of high-precision positioning and interference-free machining. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum chuck of the machining center in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the vacuum chuck of the machining center in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the vacuum chuck of the machining center in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the CNC machine tool according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further illustrated by way of embodiments below, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] In this embodiment, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] See Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a CNC machine tool, which includes a machining center vacuum chuck, a processing module, and a detection module.

[0036] The machining center vacuum chuck includes a chuck base 100, a positioning pin 101, a vacuum valve 102, and a sealing strip 103.

[0037] The suction cup base includes a vacuum channel 104, which is connected to a vacuum valve 102. The upper surface of the suction cup base is provided with several positioning pin mounting holes 105, workpiece mounting positions, and vent holes 106 that connect to the vacuum channel.

[0038] The vent 106 is located in the workpiece mounting position, and the bottom of the workpiece 107 to be processed is mounted above the workpiece mounting position by a sealing strip.

[0039] The positioning pin is mounted on the mounting platform 109 at the bottom of the positioning pin mounting hole via an elastic element. The positioning pin mounting hole is connected to the vacuum channel, and the positioning pin positions the workpiece to be processed on the upper surface of the suction cup base.

[0040] When the vacuum valve is open (in the vacuum state), the bottom surface of the positioning pin is sealed to the mounting platform, and the elastic element 108 applies an upward elastic force to the positioning pin.

[0041] When the vacuum valve is open, the positioning pin retracts downward under the vacuum suction force, and the bottom surface seals with the mounting platform. When the vacuum valve is closed, the elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the positioning pin, and the positioning pin extends out of the upper surface of the suction cup base for workpiece positioning and clamping.

[0042] When the vacuum is started, the positioning pin retracts to the bottom under the vacuum negative pressure, and the workpiece is also firmly attracted to the suction cup. The retracted positioning pin will not collide with the tool, which can realize the workpiece clamping at one time and machining of all five sides except the bottom surface.

[0043] The mounting platform is provided with an annular groove, and the inner side of the annular groove is provided with a through hole that connects to the vacuum channel. A sealing ring 110 is provided in the annular groove, and the bottom surface of the positioning pin of the machining center vacuum chuck is in contact with the sealing ring when the vacuum chuck is in operation.

[0044] An installation groove is provided between the inner side of the annular groove and the through hole, and a spring mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the positioning pin. The spring 114 is located in the installation groove.

[0045] The top of the mounting hole of the positioning pin is provided with a limiting ring 113, and the top of the positioning pin is provided with a positioning end. The diameter of the hole of the limiting ring is smaller than the maximum diameter of the positioning pin and larger than the diameter of the positioning end.

[0046] The limiting ring is threaded onto the top of the locating pin mounting hole.

[0047] The workpiece mounting position includes a mounting groove, the sealing strip is located on the outside of the mounting groove, the vent is located at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a plurality of support strips supporting the workpiece to be processed are provided in the mounting groove. An exhaust channel is provided between the support strips and the side wall of the mounting groove.

[0048] The detection module can be an in-machine probe or a pressure sensor.

[0049] When the CNC machine tool includes an in-machine probe, the in-machine probe is used to detect whether the top of the positioning pin is lower than the upper surface of the vacuum chuck of the machining center when the vacuum valve is open; otherwise, the machining process is stopped.

[0050] When the CNC machine tool includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is used to detect whether the pressure in the vacuum channel is lower than a preset pressure when the vacuum valve is open; otherwise, the machining process is stopped.

[0051] The floating positioning device of the vacuum suction cup fixture is suitable for "lights-out" factories / unmanned workshops. It works with in-machine probes or pressure sensors to check and confirm whether the floating pin retracts properly, so as to ensure that the positioning pin will not collide with the cutting tool.

[0052] The vacuum channel includes a main channel, a transverse channel, and a longitudinal channel.

[0053] The main channel connects to the vacuum valve and the vent hole. The transverse channel is connected to the main channel. Two longitudinal channels are connected to the transverse channel. One end of each transverse and longitudinal channel is provided with a channel through hole, which is sealed by a threaded plug 111.

[0054] First, the transverse channel 112 is machined into the vacuum channel, and then the longitudinal channel is drilled, so that the existing vacuum chuck can be utilized.

[0055] A corresponding calibration hole is provided opposite to the channel through hole. The calibration hole is coaxial with the corresponding channel through hole and has the same shape.

[0056] The detection module is used to collect shape data of calibration holes and channel through holes before processing the workpiece; the detection module is an in-machine probe.

[0057] The processing module is used to obtain the axis data of the calibration hole and the corresponding through hole channel through the shape data, obtain the axis offset using the axis data, and use the axis offset to compensate the processing parameters of the workpiece.

[0058] The CNC machine tool includes a machining module, such as a spindle.

[0059] The processing module is used to process the workpiece using the compensated processing parameters;

[0060] The detection module is used to collect workpiece data after processing;

[0061] The processing module determines whether the workpiece data is consistent with the latest processing parameters. If not, it uses the workpiece data and the latest processing parameters to obtain the processing offset, and uses the processing offset to compensate for the processing parameters of the next workpiece to be processed.

[0062] The CNC machine tool is equipped with a temperature module, which is used to acquire the ambient temperature of the detection module and the processing module.

[0063] The processing module is used to determine whether the temperature difference between the current ambient temperature and the ambient temperature when the processing parameters of the workpiece were compensated last time is greater than a preset value. If so, a new round of compensation of the processing parameters of the workpiece is executed.

[0064] The certified calibration holes and through holes are measured using a trigger-type probe mounted on the spindle. The probe collects data on features such as reference surfaces and reference holes on the standard parts, and then evaluates and quantifies specific geometric errors of the machine tool within the measurement area, such as the straightness of each axis and the perpendicularity between axes.

[0065] Finally, based on these measurement results, the workpiece coordinate system is aligned and offset with high precision to eliminate the influence of clamping errors and system errors on the machining process.

[0066] This embodiment can shorten the time required for vacuum chuck to install the workpiece and improve production efficiency. Through mechanical and pneumatic design, the pressure change of the vacuum system is used as a control signal and power source to realize the automatic pop-out and retraction of the positioning pin. This provides a reference during the positioning stage and completely disappears during the processing stage, perfectly balancing the two major requirements of high-precision positioning and interference-free processing.

[0067] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum chuck for CNC machine tools, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool vacuum chuck includes a chuck base, positioning pins, a vacuum valve, and a sealing strip. The suction cup base includes a vacuum channel, which is connected to a vacuum valve. The upper surface of the suction cup base is provided with several positioning pin mounting holes, a workpiece mounting position, and a vent hole that connects to the vacuum channel. The vent hole is located in the workpiece mounting position, and the bottom of the workpiece to be processed is mounted above the workpiece mounting position by a sealing strip. The positioning pin is mounted on the mounting platform at the bottom of the positioning pin mounting hole via an elastic element. The positioning pin mounting hole is connected to the vacuum channel. The positioning pin positions the workpiece to be processed on the upper surface of the suction cup base. When the vacuum valve is open, the bottom surface of the positioning pin is sealed to the mounting platform. The elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the positioning pin. The vacuum channel includes a main channel, a transverse channel, and a longitudinal channel. The main channel is connected to a vacuum valve and a vent. The transverse channel is connected to the main channel. The two longitudinal channels are connected to the transverse channel. One end of each transverse and longitudinal channel is provided with a channel through hole, which is sealed by a threaded plug.

2. The CNC machine tool vacuum chuck as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting platform is provided with an annular groove, and the inner side of the annular groove is provided with a through hole that connects to the vacuum channel. A sealing ring is provided in the annular groove, and the bottom surface of the positioning pin of the CNC machine tool vacuum chuck is in contact with the sealing ring when the CNC machine tool vacuum chuck is in operation.

3. The CNC machine tool vacuum chuck as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An installation groove is provided between the inner side of the annular groove and the through hole, and a spring mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the positioning pin, with the spring located in the installation groove.

4. The CNC machine tool vacuum chuck as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the mounting hole of the positioning pin is provided with a limiting ring, and the top of the positioning pin is provided with a positioning end. The diameter of the hole of the limiting ring is smaller than the maximum diameter of the positioning pin and larger than the diameter of the positioning end.

5. The CNC machine tool vacuum chuck as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece mounting position includes a mounting groove, the sealing strip is located on the outside of the mounting groove, the vent is located at the bottom of the mounting groove, and a plurality of support strips supporting the workpiece to be processed are provided in the mounting groove. An exhaust channel is provided between the support strips and the side wall of the mounting groove.

6. A CNC machine tool, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool includes a CNC machine tool vacuum chuck as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The CNC machine tool includes a processing module and a detection module. A corresponding calibration hole is provided opposite the through-hole, and the calibration hole has the same shape as the corresponding through-hole. The detection module is used to collect shape data of calibration holes and channel through holes before processing the workpiece; the detection module is an in-machine probe. The processing module is used to obtain the axis data of the calibration hole and the corresponding through hole through the shape data, obtain the axis offset using the axis data, and use the axis offset to compensate the processing parameters of the workpiece.

7. The CNC machine tool as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool includes an internal probe, which is used to detect whether the top of the positioning pin is lower than the upper surface of the CNC machine tool's vacuum chuck when the vacuum valve is open; if not, the machining process is stopped; or, The CNC machine tool includes a pressure sensor, which is used to detect whether the pressure in the vacuum channel is lower than a preset pressure when the vacuum valve is open; otherwise, the machining process is stopped.

8. The CNC machine tool as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool includes a machining module. The processing module is used to process the workpiece using the compensated processing parameters; The detection module is used to collect workpiece data after processing; The processing module determines whether the workpiece data is consistent with the latest processing parameters. If not, it uses the workpiece data and the latest processing parameters to obtain the processing offset, and uses the processing offset to compensate for the processing parameters of the next workpiece to be processed.

9. The CNC machine tool as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The CNC machine tool is equipped with a temperature module, which is used to acquire the ambient temperature of the detection module and the processing module. The processing module is used to determine whether the temperature difference between the current ambient temperature and the ambient temperature when the processing parameters of the workpiece were compensated last time is greater than a preset value. If so, a new round of compensation of the processing parameters of the workpiece is executed.

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