Hoisting method based on material replacement of quay crane and quay crane

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a hoisting method based on material replacement of a quay crane and the quay crane. A quay crane track, a movable loading vehicle, a material placement platform, a cross beam cantilever crane, a trapezoidal frame cantilever crane and a pitching mechanism are adopted for cooperative cooperation; efficient transfer of materials to be replaced to a trapezoidal frame operation point is achieved through the coherent processes of carrying vehicle positioning, hoisting mechanism charging, carrying vehicle transfer, cross beam cantilever crane transfer, pitching mechanism angle adjustment and trapezoidal frame cantilever crane precise hoisting. According to the method, external large hoisting equipment is not needed, the structural layout of the quay crane is fully utilized, the material hoisting efficiency and safety are improved, the hoisting cost is reduced, the limitation of environmental factors such as wind speed on operation is eliminated, and smooth development of quay crane maintenance operation is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of port handling equipment, and in particular to a hoisting method for replacing materials based on a shore crane and the shore crane. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shore crane is the core equipment for port container handling operations, and its structure includes key components such as the shore main body, the front girder, the trapezoidal frame, and the track system. In actual operation, materials such as the pulley system need to be replaced and maintained regularly due to long-term bearing of heavy loads and dynamic stress. However, such replacement operations usually occur in the high area of the trapezoidal frame, which is 50 to 80 meters away from the ground, forming a very complex high-altitude operation scene.

[0003] The traditional replacement method mainly relies on manual climbing and cooperation with external auxiliary equipment, such as using a truck crane to lift the materials from the ground to the operation point. This process not only takes a long time, but also requires additional scheduling of large equipment, significantly increasing maintenance costs. At the same time, the port operation environment is significantly affected by natural conditions, and severe weather such as strong winds and typhoons frequently occur, which makes it impossible for external lifting equipment to operate safely, significantly shortens the maintenance window, and further prolongs the downtime of the equipment. More importantly, the operating personnel in high-altitude operations face multiple safety threats, including but not limited to the risk of falling from a high altitude, and equipment collision accidents caused by the shaking of materials during transportation. Especially when the trapezoidal frame performs a pitching action, the stability of the materials is difficult to effectively control, and accidental falling is extremely easy to occur. The related technical process requires multiple disassembly and repositioning of the materials, which is complicated and requires high structural strength of the shore crane, further weakening the flexibility and response speed of the maintenance operation. These inherent defects make the shore maintenance inefficient, continuously affect the availability of the equipment, and thus hinder the overall logistics operation of the port. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a hoisting method for replacing materials based on a shore crane and the shore crane, which has the advantages of improving operation safety, improving maintenance efficiency, reducing maintenance cost, and enhancing adaptability to severe weather.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a hoisting method for replacing materials based on a shore crane, a shore track is arranged on the shore crane, a material carrying vehicle is arranged on the shore track to move along the shore track, a material placing platform is arranged on the crossbeam of the front girder of the shore crane, and the hoisting method comprises the following steps when hoisting the material to be replaced to the operation point:

[0006] The material carrying vehicle moves to the hoisting position of the shore track;

[0007] The hoisting mechanism of the shore crane hoists the material to be replaced on the ground to the material carrying vehicle;

[0008] Controlling the trolley to move along the shore-to-ship crane track to transport the material to be replaced to the cross beam position of the front girder;

[0009] The cross beam cantilever crane on the cross beam lifts the material to be replaced on the trolley to the material placement platform for temporary storage or direct transfer;

[0010] Starting the luffing mechanism of the shore-to-ship crane and controlling the luffing angle of the front girder to make the cross beam correspond to the trapezoidal frame position of the shore-to-ship crane;

[0011] The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane on the trapezoidal frame lifts the material to be replaced on the cross beam to the working point of the trapezoidal frame.

[0012] In a possible implementation, when the old material is lowered to the ground, the lifting method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Lifting the old material to the material placement platform by the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane;

[0014] Controlling the luffing mechanism to reset and drive the front girder to return to the horizontal state;

[0015] Lifting the old material to the trolley by the cross beam cantilever crane;

[0016] Controlling the trolley to move along the shore-to-ship crane track to the lifting position, and the lifting mechanism lifts the old material to the ground.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the luffing angle of the front girder is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 85°.

[0018] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a shore-to-ship crane based on a shore-to-ship crane, which comprises a shore-to-ship crane and further comprises:

[0019] a shore-to-ship crane track, a trolley, a material placement platform, a lifting mechanism, a cross beam cantilever crane, a trapezoidal frame cantilever crane, and a luffing mechanism;

[0020] The lifting mechanism is arranged on the shore-to-ship crane;

[0021] The shore-to-ship crane track is arranged on the shore-to-ship crane, and is used to provide a moving guide for the trolley;

[0022] The trolley is arranged on the shore-to-ship crane track and moves along the shore-to-ship crane track;

[0023] The material placement platform is arranged on the cross beam of the front girder of the shore-to-ship crane, and is used to temporarily store the material to be replaced or the old material;

[0024] The crossbeam cantilever crane is arranged on the crossbeam and is used for hoisting the material to be replaced on the material carrying vehicle to a material placing platform and hoisting the old material on the material placing platform to the material carrying vehicle.

[0025] The ladder cantilever crane is arranged on the ladder of the shore crane and is used for hoisting the material to be replaced on the material placing platform to the ladder operation point and hoisting the old material on the ladder operation point to the material placing platform.

[0026] The luffing mechanism is arranged on the shore crane, and the luffing mechanism is connected with the front girder and is used for driving the front girder to luff or reset.

[0027] In a possible implementation, a position detection device is arranged on the hoisting position of the shore crane track.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the material carrying vehicle is driven to walk along the shore crane track by a variable frequency motor, and is positioned by the position detection device in the walking process.

[0029] In a possible implementation, a material bearing part is arranged on the material carrying vehicle.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the hoisting mechanism is an electric hoist or a winch.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the crossbeam cantilever crane and the ladder cantilever crane are both electric cantilever cranes, and the electric cantilever cranes are both equipped with an angle adjusting mechanism and a brake locking device.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the luffing mechanism comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer and a transmission connecting rod, the transmission connecting rod is fixedly connected with the front girder, the transmission connecting rod is driven to act by the driving motor driving the speed reducer, and the luffing or resetting of the front girder is realized.

[0033] The hoisting method for replacing material based on the shore crane and the shore crane provided in the embodiments of the present application have the advantages of reducing manual high-altitude operation, improving operation safety, improving maintenance efficiency, reducing maintenance cost, enhancing adaptability to bad weather and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings incorporated into the specification and constituting a part of the specification show embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the shore crane provided in the present application is shown in the drawings;

[0036] Figure 2 A top view of the shore crane provided by the present application is shown.

[0037] Reference signs: 1, shore crane; 2, shore crane track; 3, trolley; 4, material placing platform; 5, ladder frame; 51, ladder frame cantilever crane; 6, cross beam; 61, cross beam cantilever crane; 7, hoisting mechanism; 8, material.

[0038] The specific embodiments of the present application have been shown by the above-mentioned drawings, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not representative of all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0040] The conventional existing shore crane usually needs to be operated in the air when replacing the pulley and other materials, relies on manual climbing or large auxiliary equipment for material transportation, and the process is time-consuming, high in cost and affected by bad weather. At the same time, high-altitude operation has safety hazards such as falling and equipment collision, the stability of the material is difficult to guarantee, and the related technical process is complicated, which limits the maintenance flexibility.

[0041] The hoisting method for replacing materials based on the shore crane provided by the present application cooperates the shore crane track, the movable trolley, the material placing platform, the cross beam cantilever crane, the ladder frame cantilever crane and the luffing mechanism, realizes the efficient transfer of the material to be replaced to the ladder frame operation point through the coherent process of trolley positioning, hoisting mechanism loading, trolley transfer, cross beam cantilever crane transfer, luffing mechanism angle adjustment and ladder frame cantilever crane precise hoisting. This method does not need to rely on external large hoisting equipment, makes full use of the structure layout of the shore crane itself, not only improves the efficiency and safety of material hoisting, reduces the hoisting cost, but also gets rid of the restriction of environmental factors such as wind speed on the operation, and guarantees the smooth development of the shore crane maintenance operation.

[0042] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes can not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Referring toFigure 1 、 Figure 2 The application provides a hoisting method for replacing materials 8 based on a quay crane 1, wherein the quay crane 1 is provided with a quay track 2, the quay track 2 is provided with a material carrying vehicle 3 moving along the quay track 2, a material placing platform 4 is arranged on a cross beam 6 of a front girder of the quay crane 1, and the hoisting method comprises the following steps when hoisting the to-be-replaced materials 8 to a work point:

[0044] The material carrying vehicle 3 moves to a hoisting position of the quay track 2;

[0045] A hoisting mechanism of the quay crane 1 hoists the ground to-be-replaced materials 8 to the material carrying vehicle 3;

[0046] The material carrying vehicle 3 is controlled to move along the quay track 2, so that the to-be-replaced materials 8 are transported to the position of the cross beam 6 of the front girder;

[0047] A cross beam cantilever crane 61 on the cross beam 6 hoists the to-be-replaced materials 8 on the material carrying vehicle 3 to the material placing platform 4 for temporary storage or direct transfer;

[0048] A luffing mechanism of the quay crane 1 is started, and a luffing angle of the front girder is controlled, so that the cross beam 6 corresponds to the position of the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1;

[0049] A trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 on the trapezoidal frame 5 hoists the to-be-replaced materials 8 on the cross beam 6 to the work point of the trapezoidal frame 5.

[0050] The quay crane 1 refers to a large-scale hoisting equipment used for loading and unloading containers in a port, and the structure usually comprises main components such as a trolley, a front girder and a trapezoidal frame 5.

[0051] The quay track 2 is a track arranged on the structure of the quay crane 1, and provides horizontal direction movement guidance for the material carrying vehicle 3.

[0052] The material carrying vehicle 3 is a vehicle moving along the quay track 2, and is used for carrying and transporting the to-be-replaced materials 8 or the old materials 8.

[0053] The material placing platform 4 is a planar area arranged on the cross beam 6 of the front girder of the quay crane 1, and is used for temporarily storing the to-be-replaced materials 8 or the old materials 8.

[0054] The hoisting mechanism is arranged on the quay crane 1, and is used for hoisting the ground materials 8 to the material carrying vehicle 3 or hoisting the materials 8 on the material carrying vehicle 3 to the ground.

[0055] The cross beam cantilever crane 61 is a hoisting equipment arranged on the cross beam 6 of the front girder of the quay crane 1, and is used for hoisting and transferring the materials 8 in the cross beam 6 area.

[0056] The pitching mechanism is a drive device connected to the front beam of the quay crane 1, used to control the pitching or resetting of the front beam.

[0057] The front girder is one of the main structural components of the quay crane 1. It can usually perform pitching movements to extend the working range.

[0058] The trapezoidal frame 5 is located behind the front beam and has work points on it. The work points are the specific locations on the trapezoidal frame 5 where materials 8 need to be replaced or repaired. The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 is a lifting device installed on the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1, used for hoisting and transferring materials 8 within the area of ​​the trapezoidal frame 5.

[0059] The location of the crossbeam 6 refers to the area where the crossbeam 6 of the front beam of the quay crane 1 is located. It is the intermediate link where the material 8 is transferred from the cargo vehicle 3 to the material placement platform 4 or the trapezoidal frame 5 work point.

[0060] Specifically, when hoisting the material to be replaced 8 to the work site, the cargo cart 3 is first controlled to move to the lifting position on the quay crane track 2. The cargo cart 3 can be manually pushed or driven by a simple fixed-speed motor to move along the quay crane track 2 to the lifting position. Upon reaching the lifting position, the operator stops the cart by visual inspection or by using limit switches.

[0061] Subsequently, the hoisting mechanism of the quay crane 1 hoists the material 8 to be replaced on the ground onto the cargo vehicle 3. The hoisting mechanism can be a simple lifting hook that lifts the material 8 to be replaced on the ground using a wire rope and winch system, and then the operator manually guides the material 8 onto the cargo vehicle 3 for placement.

[0062] Furthermore, the cargo vehicle 3 is controlled to travel along the quay crane track 2, transporting the material 8 to be replaced to the crossbeam 6 of the front main beam. After carrying the material 8, the cargo vehicle 3 can be driven at a constant speed along the quay crane track 2 towards the crossbeam 6 by the operator via a remote control handle. Upon reaching the crossbeam 6, the operator stops the vehicle by observation or by using a preset marker.

[0063] Next, the cantilever crane 61 on the crossbeam 6 lifts the material 8 to be replaced from the cargo cart 3 onto the material placement platform 4 for temporary storage or direct transfer. The cantilever crane 61 can be a fixed-length cantilever crane, whose hook moves horizontally and vertically within the area of ​​the crossbeam 6. The operator lifts the material 8 from the cargo cart 3 and places it onto the material placement platform 4 by controlling the lifting and lateral movement of the cantilever crane.

[0064] Activate the pitch mechanism of quay crane 1 to control the pitch angle of the front beam, aligning the crossbeam 6 with the trapezoidal frame 5 of quay crane 1. The pitch mechanism of quay crane 1 can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder or a simple gear transmission system, and can be adjusted manually by the operator or preset to a fixed angle. The operator visually judges the relative position of the crossbeam 6 and the trapezoidal frame 5 to ensure they are aligned.

[0065] Finally, the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 on the trapezoidal frame 5 lifts the material 8 to be replaced from the crossbeam 6 to the working point on the trapezoidal frame 5. The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 can be a fixed-length cantilever crane, whose hook moves up, down, and laterally within the area of ​​the trapezoidal frame 5. The operator controls the cantilever crane to lift the material 8 from the crossbeam 6 and move it to the designated working point on the trapezoidal frame 5.

[0066] This application achieves fully automated or semi-automated transfer of the material to be replaced 8 from the ground to the high-altitude trapezoidal frame 5 working point by setting up a cargo vehicle 3, a material placement platform 4, and various hoisting mechanisms on the quay crane 1, in conjunction with a tilting mechanism. This effectively avoids the need for manual climbing and large auxiliary equipment required in traditional high-altitude operations, reduces operational risks and costs, improves the efficiency and safety of material replacement 8, and ensures operational continuity even in inclement weather, thereby enhancing the maintenance flexibility of the quay crane 1.

[0067] This application also discloses a hoisting method for changing material 8 based on a quay crane 1, the method comprising the following steps:

[0068] The old material 8 is hoisted to the material placement platform 4 by the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51; the pitch mechanism is controlled to reset, driving the front beam back to a horizontal state; the old material 8 is hoisted onto the cargo vehicle 3 by the crossbeam cantilever crane 61; the cargo vehicle 3 is controlled to travel along the quay bridge track 2 to the lifting position, and the hoisting mechanism lifts the old material 8 to the ground.

[0069] Specifically, the step of hoisting the old material 8 to the material placement platform 4 aims to safely and smoothly transfer the old material 8 located at the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1 to the material placement platform 4. The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 has precise lifting, luffing, and slewing functions, and can adapt to the space constraints of the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5, lifting the old material 8 from the working point and accurately placing it on the material placement platform 4 set on the crossbeam 6 of the front beam. The material placement platform 4 provides a temporary and safe storage area for the old material 8, preparing it for subsequent lowering operations.

[0070] In the step of controlling the pitch mechanism to reset and drive the front beam back to a horizontal state, when the material 8 to be replaced is hoisted to the work point, the front beam will pitch via the pitch mechanism to align the crossbeam 6 with the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1. To enable the cargo trolley 3 to move normally along the quay crane track 2 and to cooperate with the crossbeam cantilever crane 61 in transferring the old material 8, the pitch mechanism needs to be controlled to reset the front beam from the pitched state to a horizontal state. The pitch mechanism consists of a drive motor, a reduction gearbox, and a transmission linkage. The drive motor drives the reduction gearbox in reverse, which in turn drives the transmission linkage, thus achieving a smooth return of the front beam. This process ensures the stability of the quay crane 1 structure and the smooth operation of subsequent steps.

[0071] In the step of hoisting the old material 8 onto the transport vehicle 3 using the cantilever crane 61, this step transfers the old material 8 from the material placement platform 4 to the transport vehicle 3. The cantilever crane 61 is mounted on the beam 6, and its working range covers the area where the material placement platform 4 and the transport vehicle 3 are parked. Operators control the cantilever crane 61 to precisely lift the old material 8 from the material placement platform 4 and place it onto the material 8 support section of the transport vehicle 3. This operation ensures the safe transfer of the old material 8 from the temporary storage area to the mobile transport vehicle, laying the foundation for its removal from the work area.

[0072] In the step of controlling the cargo trolley 3 to travel along the quay crane track 2 to the lifting position, and the lifting mechanism to lift the old material 8 to the ground, this step is the final stage of lowering the old material 8. After carrying the old material 8, the cargo trolley 3 moves along the quay crane track 2 to the preset lifting position. The movement of the cargo trolley 3 is usually driven by a variable frequency motor, and precise positioning is achieved through a position detection device to ensure that it stops accurately at the lifting position. Once the cargo trolley 3 reaches the lifting position, the lifting mechanism of the quay crane 1 (such as an electric hoist or winch) lowers the spreader, grabs the old material 8 from the cargo trolley 3, and smoothly and safely lifts it to the designated area on the ground, completing the lowering process of the old material 8.

[0073] The above technical solution provides a complete method for safely and efficiently lowering used material 8 from the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1 to the ground. This method fully utilizes the existing equipment of the quay crane 1, including the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51, material placement platform 4, tilting mechanism, crossbeam cantilever crane 61, cargo vehicle 3, and the hoisting mechanism of the quay crane 1, forming a closed-loop material 8 replacement process. First, the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 transfers the used material 8 from the high working point to the material placement platform 4, avoiding the complexity of high-altitude operations. Then, the tilting mechanism resets the front beam, creating conditions for the movement of the cargo vehicle 3. Next, the crossbeam cantilever crane 61 transfers the used material 8 to the cargo vehicle 3, achieving horizontal transfer of the material 8. Finally, the cargo vehicle 3 transports the used material 8 to the lifting position, where the hoisting mechanism of the quay crane 1 completes the ground lowering. The entire process avoids the risks and inefficiencies of manual handling, significantly improves operational safety, and optimizes the overall efficiency of material 8 replacement. By transferring and transporting the materials in stages, the complexity of each hoisting operation was reduced, the precision and controllability of the operation were improved, and the smooth and safe lowering of the old material 8 was ensured.

[0074] This application also discloses that the pitch angle of the front beam is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 85°.

[0075] The pitch angle of the front beam refers to the angle of inclination of the front beam of the quay crane 1 relative to the horizontal plane. Adjusting this angle is crucial for achieving the alignment of the crossbeam 6 with the trapezoidal frame 5 and for transferring materials 8 at different heights. Limiting the pitch angle to the range of 45° to 85° ensures that the front beam provides sufficient clearance during material 8 hoisting or lowering operations, preventing collisions with the ship, containers, or other terminal facilities. For example, if the angle is too small (less than 45°), the vertical distance between the crossbeam 6 and the trapezoidal frame 5 will be insufficient, affecting the smooth transfer of materials 8 and increasing the risk of collisions with obstacles below. If the angle is too large (greater than 85°), although it provides greater clearance, it places higher demands on the structural stability of the quay crane 1 and may lead to increased energy consumption or extended operation time for the pitch mechanism.

[0076] By limiting the pitch angle of the front beam to a range of 45° or greater and 85° or less, a stable and efficient material transfer channel is formed between the front beam and the trapezoidal frame 5 when the material to be replaced 8 is hoisted to the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5 or the old material 8 is lowered to the material placement platform 4. This angle range allows the crossbeam 6 to achieve precise vertical alignment with the trapezoidal frame 5, effectively avoiding problems such as insufficient transfer space for material 8 or interference with the ship hull or containers due to an excessively small pitch angle. This significantly improves the safety and smoothness of the material hoisting operation. Simultaneously, this angle range also avoids structural stability challenges and unnecessary energy consumption that may result from an excessively large pitch angle, optimizing the efficiency and reliability of the entire hoisting process.

[0077] This application also discloses a quay crane 1, including a quay crane 1, a quay crane track 2, a cargo vehicle 3, a material placement platform 4, a hoisting mechanism, a crossbeam cantilever crane 61, a trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51, and a pitching mechanism.

[0078] The hoisting mechanism is located on the quay crane 1 and is used to hoist materials 8 from the ground onto the cargo vehicle 3 or lower them from the cargo vehicle 3 onto the ground. The quay crane track 2 is located on the quay crane 1 and provides guidance for the cargo vehicle 3. The cargo vehicle 3 moves along the quay crane track 2 and is used to transport materials 8 to be replaced or old materials 8. The material placement platform 4 is located on the crossbeam 6 of the front beam of the quay crane 1 and is used to temporarily store materials 8 to be replaced or old materials 8. The crossbeam cantilever crane 61 is located on the crossbeam 6 and is used to hoist materials 8 to be replaced from the cargo vehicle 3 onto the material placement platform 4, and to hoist old materials 8 from the material placement platform 4 onto the cargo vehicle 3. The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 is located on the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1 and is used to hoist materials 8 to be replaced from the material placement platform 4 to the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5, and to hoist old materials 8 from the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5 onto the material placement platform 4. The pitching mechanism is installed on the quay crane 1 and is connected to the front beam. It is used to drive the front beam to pitch or return to its original position.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, the quay crane track 2, the cargo vehicle 3, the material placement platform 4, the crossbeam cantilever crane 61, the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51, and the pitching mechanism are integrated into the quay crane 1 structure in a collaborative manner, thereby constructing a transfer path for material 8 within the quay crane 1, avoiding the reliance on manual climbing and large auxiliary equipment required for traditional high-altitude operations. Specifically, the cargo vehicle 3 moves horizontally on the quay crane track 2, the crossbeam cantilever crane 61 transfers material 8 in the crossbeam 6 area, and the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 transfers material 8 in the trapezoidal frame 5 area. Combined with the pitching mechanism adjusting the angle of the front beam, the entire process of internal transfer of material 8 from the ground to the high-altitude work point is realized. Through this technical solution, operational risks and time costs are effectively reduced, the efficiency and safety of material 8 replacement are improved, and the continuity of operations can be guaranteed, especially in inclement weather, significantly enhancing the maintenance flexibility of the quay crane 1.

[0080] This application also discloses that a position detection device is installed at the lifting position of the quay crane track 2.

[0081] The position detection device is a device that can sense the specific position of the cargo vehicle 3 on the quay crane track 2. Its function is to obtain the precise position information of the cargo vehicle 3 relative to the lifting position in real time or accurately, and to locate or issue corresponding control signals based on the information.

[0082] Specifically, the position detection device can be implemented using various technologies. For example, a photoelectric sensor can be used to detect whether the cargo vehicle 3 has entered or left the preset lifting area by emitting and receiving light beams; a proximity switch can also be used to trigger a signal by sensing the presence of the cargo vehicle 3 when it approaches or reaches the lifting position; a laser rangefinder can also be used to accurately determine its position by measuring the distance between the cargo vehicle 3 and a fixed reference point; or an encoder can be used by setting coded strips or coded disks on the quay crane track 2 and installing a reading head on the cargo vehicle 3 to achieve accurate measurement and positioning of the displacement of the cargo vehicle 3.

[0083] By installing a position detection device at the lifting position of the quay crane track 2, the position information of the cargo trolley 3 can be detected in real time or accurately. When the cargo trolley 3 moves to the lifting position, the position detection device can accurately determine whether it has reached the preset position and send a signal in time, thereby guiding the cargo trolley 3 to stop accurately. This significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of the cargo trolley 3 stopping at the lifting position, avoids difficulties or safety hazards in lifting materials 8 due to position deviation, ensures the smooth progress of material 8 lifting operations, and thus improves the automation level and reliability of the entire quay crane 1's material 8 changing operation.

[0084] This application also discloses that the cargo vehicle 3 is driven by a variable frequency motor to move along the bridge track 2, and the position is located by a position detection device during the movement.

[0085] Specifically, the cargo vehicle 3 is driven by a variable frequency motor to move along the quay bridge track 2. A variable frequency motor is an AC motor that can precisely control speed and torque by changing the power supply frequency and voltage. Its application in driving the cargo vehicle 3 enables stepless speed regulation, allowing for smooth adjustment of the travel speed over a wide range, avoiding the mechanical shocks that may occur during starting, stopping, or speed changes in traditional drive methods. Specifically, the variable frequency motor, in conjunction with a frequency converter, can output precise frequency and voltage according to control commands, thereby driving the cargo vehicle 3 to operate smoothly at a preset acceleration and speed, ensuring the stability of the materials 8 during transportation.

[0086] Simultaneously, positioning is achieved through a position detection device during movement. This device monitors the precise position of the cargo vehicle 3 on the quay crane track 2 in real time. It converts the actual position of the cargo vehicle 3 into an electrical signal and feeds it back to the control system. The control system compares this real-time position data with a preset target position and issues commands to adjust the operation of the variable frequency motor, ensuring that the cargo vehicle 3 accurately stops at the lifting position or other designated work point on the quay crane track 2. The control system can be the integrated control system of the quay crane 1 or a separate PLC can be used for control.

[0087] The position detection device can be implemented in ways including, but not limited to: encoders installed on the wheels or drive shaft of the cargo vehicle 3 to calculate the travel distance by measuring the number of rotations; magnetic scales or optical scales laid along the bridge track 2, with a reader on the cargo vehicle 3 reading the position information in real time; or using non-contact sensors such as laser rangefinders and ultrasonic sensors to determine the position of the cargo vehicle 3 by measuring the distance to a fixed reference object. All these methods can provide high-precision position feedback, laying the foundation for the precise control of the cargo vehicle 3.

[0088] Through the above technical solution, the cargo vehicle 3 is driven by a variable frequency motor, which enables smooth and precise speed control, avoiding the impact on the mechanical structure and the carried material 8 caused by traditional drive methods during start-up, stopping, and speed changes. Simultaneously, during the movement of the cargo vehicle 3, real-time positioning is achieved using a position detection device, allowing the control system to finely adjust the variable frequency motor based on accurate position feedback. This ensures that the cargo vehicle 3 can accurately and quickly stop at the lifting position or other work points on the quay crane track 2. This combination of drive and positioning significantly improves the positioning accuracy and operational stability of the cargo vehicle 3 during material 8 transportation, effectively reducing material 8 swaying and positioning errors. This, in turn, enhances the efficiency and safety of material 8 replacement operations on the quay crane 1, while reducing operational difficulty and maintenance costs.

[0089] This application also discloses that the cargo vehicle 3 is equipped with a material-carrying unit 8.

[0090] The material support section 8 is a dedicated structure installed on the transport vehicle 3, providing a stable and secure space for placing and fixing the material 8 to be replaced or the old material 8. This material support section 8 is designed according to the type, size, and shape of the transported material 8 to ensure its stability during transportation. Specifically, the material support section 8 can take various forms. For example, it can be a pallet structure with barriers or fixing devices to prevent the material 8 from slipping when the transport vehicle 3 moves; it can also be a groove or bracket with a specific shape to fit the shape of the material 8 to be transported, achieving a tighter fixation; or it can be a structure equipped with clamping mechanisms or binding points to firmly fix the material 8 to the transport vehicle 3 by mechanical means or flexible strapping. Furthermore, the surface of the material support section 8 can be made of anti-slip material or have cushioning pads to reduce displacement and damage to the material 8 caused by vibration or impact during transportation.

[0091] Through the above technical solution, a material-bearing section 8 is installed on the cargo vehicle 3, providing a stable and safe placement space for the material 8 to be replaced or the old material 8. This material-bearing section effectively secures the material 8, preventing it from shifting, tipping, or falling due to inertia, vibration, or changes in slope during the movement of the cargo vehicle 3 along the quay bridge track 2, thus significantly improving the stability and safety of material transportation. Furthermore, the design of the material-bearing section also facilitates the standardized placement and rapid loading and unloading of the material 8, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire hoisting operation and ensuring that the material 8 can be safely and accurately transported to the designated location.

[0092] This application also discloses that the hoisting mechanism is an electric hoist or a winch.

[0093] Specifically, an electric hoist is a small lifting device, typically composed of a motor, reducer, drum or sprocket, and brake. Its working principle involves the motor driving the reducer, which in turn drives the drum to wind or release the wire rope (or chain), thereby achieving vertical lifting of the load. Electric hoists have advantages such as compact structure, small size, light weight, and easy operation. They provide stable vertical lifting capacity and ensure safety when the load is suspended in the air through their built-in braking system. Their control system usually supports multiple modes, including inching and continuous operation, facilitating precise control of the lifting and lowering of materials.

[0094] A winch is a lifting device that uses a wire rope wound around a drum to lift or pull heavy objects. It mainly consists of a motor, coupling, brake, reducer, and drum. The motor drives the drum to rotate through the reducer, and the wire rope winds around or unwinds on the drum, thus lifting or pulling heavy objects. Winches typically have a large lifting capacity and a long lifting height, and their structure is relatively simple and easy to maintain. As a lifting mechanism, a winch can provide powerful lifting force, and is especially suitable for scenarios requiring rapid or large-scale vertical movement of materials. Its braking system can reliably lock the load and prevent accidental slippage.

[0095] By specifically defining the lifting mechanism as an electric hoist or winch through the above technical solution, this application ensures a reliable power source and precise control capability when lifting materials 8 on the quay crane 1. Both the electric hoist and winch are equipped with motor drive and braking devices, providing stable lifting and lowering speeds and safely maintaining the load at any position. This effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, inaccurate control, and safety hazards that may exist in traditional general-purpose lifting mechanisms. This allows the materials 8 to be replaced on the ground to be efficiently and smoothly lifted onto the transport vehicle 3, significantly improving the operational efficiency and safety of material 8 transfer, laying a solid foundation for subsequent material 8 transportation and installation. Both the electric hoist and winch are easily integrated with automated control systems, further improving the automation level and ease of operation of the entire lifting process.

[0096] This application also discloses that both the beam cantilever crane 61 and the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 are electric cantilever cranes, and both electric cantilever cranes are equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism and a braking locking device.

[0097] Among them, the electric cantilever crane is a cantilever lifting device driven by electricity. It uses an electric motor to drive the winch mechanism to lift the material 8, and uses an electric trolley or drive mechanism to move the material 8 horizontally. Compared with manual or hydraulically driven cantilever cranes, electric cantilever cranes can provide smoother and more precise motion control, making it easier for operators to perform precise operations on the material 8.

[0098] An angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the posture of the cantilever crane's lifting device or hook, enabling it to adapt to materials 8 of different shapes and sizes, or to precisely place materials 8 within a specific space. The angle adjustment mechanism can be implemented in various forms, such as by using a hydraulic cylinder, electric actuator, or rack and pinion mechanism to drive the lifting device to pitch or rotate, thereby changing the lifting angle of the material 8. When transporting the material 8 from the carrier 3 to the material placement platform 4, or from the material placement platform 4 to the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5, the angle adjustment mechanism ensures that the material 8 is docked in a suitable posture, avoiding collisions or jamming.

[0099] The braking and locking device is used to brake and lock the moving parts of the electric cantilever crane during the hoisting or positioning of material 8, preventing accidental swinging or displacement of material 8. This device can be integrated into the drive system of the electric cantilever crane, for example, by braking the motor via an electromagnetic brake, or by fixing the position of the trolley or cantilever boom via a mechanical locking mechanism. The braking and locking device effectively improves the stability of material 8 when it is suspended in the air or precisely placed, ensuring operational safety.

[0100] Through the above technical solutions, the beam cantilever crane 61 and the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 are designed as electric cantilever cranes, equipped with angle adjustment mechanisms and braking locking devices, which can significantly improve the accuracy and stability of material 8 lifting and transportation. The electric cantilever crane provides precise power control, making the lifting and horizontal movement of material 8 more stable and controllable. The angle adjustment mechanism allows for flexible adjustment of the posture of material 8 according to its shape, size, and specific requirements of the work point, ensuring that material 8 can enter or leave the work area at the optimal angle, avoiding jamming or collisions caused by angle mismatch. The braking locking device can lock material 8 immediately after it reaches the predetermined position, effectively preventing material 8 from swinging or shifting due to inertia or external disturbances, thus ensuring the accuracy of material 8 placement and significantly improving the safety of the entire lifting process, especially when performing precision operations at high altitudes or in confined spaces, where its advantages are even more pronounced.

[0101] This application also discloses that the pitch mechanism includes a drive motor, a gearbox, and a transmission link. The transmission link is fixedly connected to the front beam. The drive motor drives the gearbox to move the transmission link, thereby realizing the pitch or reset of the front beam.

[0102] Specifically, the drive motor is the core component providing mechanical power. Its type can be selected based on actual needs, such as an AC motor, DC motor, or servo motor. When selecting one, its power, torque output characteristics, and control precision must be considered to ensure sufficient driving force for the movement of the front beam. The gearbox connects to the drive motor, and its main function is to reduce speed and increase torque. Common gearbox types include planetary gearboxes, helical gearboxes, or worm gearboxes. Their transmission ratio and load-bearing capacity need to be designed based on the weight of the front beam and the required pitch speed. The connecting rod, as a key component in the mechanical transmission chain, is usually a rigid structure. One end connects to the output shaft or output mechanism of the gearbox, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front beam via a hinge or pin. The length of the connecting rod, the location of the connection point, and its motion trajectory together determine the pitch angle and stroke of the front beam. When the drive motor starts, the rotational power it generates is reduced and increased in torque by the gearbox, subsequently driving the connecting rod to perform reciprocating or rotational motion, thereby transmitting power and motion to the front beam to achieve the predetermined pitch or return motion.

[0103] By organically combining the drive motor, gearbox, and transmission linkage, the drive motor provides initial power, while the gearbox converts the high-speed, low-torque output of the drive motor into low-speed, high-torque output, thus providing sufficient and stable driving force for the pitch or reset of the front beam. The transmission linkage, as a key mechanical connector, precisely transmits the motion output from the gearbox to the front beam, ensuring that the front beam can smoothly and accurately complete the preset pitch angle adjustment or reset operation. This effectively solves the problems of stability, accuracy, and insufficient driving force in the motion control of the front beam under heavy load conditions, significantly improving the reliability and safety of the material transfer process.

[0104] The working principle of this application is as follows:

[0105] First, a quay crane track 2 is installed on the quay crane 1, and the cargo vehicle 3 moves along the quay crane track 2. A material placement platform 4 is installed on the crossbeam 6 of the front main beam of the quay crane 1;

[0106] When hoisting material 8 to be replaced to the work point, the specific process is as follows:

[0107] The cargo vehicle 3 first starts on the quay crane track 2 and, driven by a variable frequency motor, travels along the track 2 to the lifting position. A position detection device is installed at this lifting position to accurately position the cargo vehicle 3 and ensure accurate parking.

[0108] Subsequently, the hoisting mechanism of the quay crane 1 (e.g., an electric hoist) lifts the new pulley to be replaced from the ground onto the cargo vehicle 3. The cargo vehicle 3 is equipped with a material support 8 to securely support the new pulley;

[0109] Next, the cargo vehicle 3 continues to travel along the quay bridge track 2, transporting the new pulley to the position of the crossbeam 6 of the front beam. This process is also driven by a variable frequency motor and can be combined with a position detection device for positioning, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the transportation process;

[0110] Upon reaching the position of the crossbeam 6, the crossbeam cantilever crane 61 (an electric cantilever crane equipped with an angle adjustment mechanism and a braking locking device) installed on the crossbeam 6 lifts the new pulley from the cargo vehicle 3 onto the material placement platform 4 for temporary storage. The material placement platform 4 is located on the crossbeam 6 of the front beam, providing an intermediate buffer area for the transfer of high-altitude materials 8, avoiding the complexity and risks of directly lifting materials 8 from the ground to the high-altitude trapezoidal frame 5 in the traditional solution;

[0111] Subsequently, the pitching mechanism of the quay crane 1 is activated. This pitching mechanism includes a drive motor, a gearbox, and a transmission link, with the transmission link fixedly connected to the front beam. The drive motor drives the gearbox to move the transmission link, controlling the front beam to pitch, so that the crossbeam 6 corresponds to the working point position of the trapezoidal frame 5 of the quay crane 1, forming a material transfer channel 8;

[0112] Finally, the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51, mounted on the trapezoidal frame 5, hoists the new pulley on the material placement platform 4 to the working point on the trapezoidal frame 5. The angle adjustment mechanism of the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51 allows for precise positioning of the material 8, while the braking and locking device ensures the stability and safety of the material 8 during high-altitude operations, effectively coping with severe weather conditions such as strong winds, and significantly improving the reliability of high-altitude operations.

[0113] When lowering old material 8 to the ground, the specific process is as follows:

[0114] The old pulleys on the working point of the trapezoidal frame 5 are hoisted to the material placement platform 4 using the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane 51;

[0115] Control the pitch mechanism to reset, causing the front beam to return to a horizontal position;

[0116] The old pulleys on the material placement platform 4 are lifted onto the cargo vehicle 3 by the cantilever crane 61;

[0117] Control the cargo vehicle 3 to travel along the bridge track 2 to the lifting position, and the hoisting mechanism will lift the old pulley to the ground.

[0118] Through the integrated hoisting method described above, the quay crane 1 can complete the replacement of high-altitude material 8 using its own structure and equipment, avoiding reliance on external large auxiliary equipment (such as truck cranes) and significantly reducing operating costs and time. Simultaneously, the precise movement of the cargo vehicle 3, the stable operation of the cantilever crane, and the controlled pitch of the front beam jointly ensure the safe and efficient transfer of material 8 in complex high-altitude environments, effectively solving the problems of time-consuming, costly, highly weather-dependent, and fraught with safety hazards in traditional high-altitude operations. The close coordination of these technical features forms a complete chain for hoisting and transferring material 8, enhancing the practicality and advancement of the overall technical solution.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of hoisting material changeover based on a shore crane, characterized in that, The shore crane is provided with a shore crane track, a carrier moving along the shore crane track, a material placing platform on the crossbeam of the front girder of the shore crane, and the hoisting method comprises the following steps: The carrier walks to the hoisting position of the shore crane track; The hoisting mechanism of the shore crane hoists the material to be replaced on the ground to the carrier; The carrier is controlled to walk along the shore crane track to transport the material to be replaced to the position of the crossbeam of the front girder; The crossbeam cantilever crane on the crossbeam hoists the material to be replaced on the carrier to the material placing platform for temporary storage or direct transfer; The luffing mechanism of the shore crane is started, the luffing angle of the front girder is controlled to correspond to the position of the trapezoidal frame of the shore crane; The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane on the trapezoidal frame hoists the material to be replaced on the crossbeam to the working position of the trapezoidal frame.

2. A method of hoisting a load based on a shore-to-ship crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the old material is lowered to the ground, the hoisting method comprises the following steps: The old material is hoisted to the material placing platform by the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane; The luffing mechanism is controlled to reset, and the front girder is returned to the horizontal state; The old material is hoisted to the carrier by the crossbeam cantilever crane; The carrier is controlled to walk to the hoisting position along the shore crane track, and the hoisting mechanism hoists the old material to the ground.

3. A method of hoisting loads based on a shore-to-ship crane according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The luffing angle of the front girder is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 85°.

4. A shore crane comprising a shore, characterized in that Further comprising: The shore crane track, the carrier, the material placing platform, the hoisting mechanism, the crossbeam cantilever crane, the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane and the luffing mechanism; The hoisting mechanism is arranged on the shore crane; The shore crane track is arranged on the shore crane and provides walking guidance for the carrier; The carrier is arranged on the shore crane track and moves along the shore crane track; The material placing platform is arranged on the crossbeam of the front girder of the shore crane and is used for temporarily storing the material to be replaced or the old material; The crossbeam cantilever crane is arranged on the crossbeam and is used for hoisting the material to be replaced on the carrier to the material placing platform and hoisting the old material on the material placing platform to the carrier; The trapezoidal frame cantilever crane is arranged on the trapezoidal frame of the shore crane and is used for hoisting the material to be replaced on the material placing platform to the working position of the trapezoidal frame and hoisting the old material at the working position of the trapezoidal frame to the material placing platform; The luffing mechanism is arranged on the shore crane, connected with the front girder and used for driving the front girder to luff or reset.

5. A shore-based crane as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that, The hoisting position of the shore crane track is provided with a position detection device.

6. A shore-based crane as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that, The carrier is driven to walk along the shore crane track by a variable frequency motor and is positioned by the position detection device during walking.

7. A shore-based crane according to claim 6, characterised in that The carrier is provided with a material bearing part.

8. A quayside container crane according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, The hoisting mechanism is an electric hoist or a winch.

9. A quayside container crane according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that, The crossbeam cantilever crane and the trapezoidal frame cantilever crane are electric cantilever cranes, and the electric cantilever cranes are provided with angle adjusting mechanisms and brake locking devices.

10. A shore-based crane according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that The luffing mechanism comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer and a transmission connecting rod, the transmission connecting rod is fixedly connected with the front girder, the driving motor drives the speed reducer to drive the transmission connecting rod to act, and the luffing or resetting of the front girder is realized.

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