Loading and unloading vehicle device

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a loading and unloading vehicle device which comprises a self-moving chassis, a telescopic arm mechanism and a pallet fork mechanism, the pallet fork mechanism comprises a base assembly, idler wheels arranged at the bottom of the base assembly and a pallet fork assembly arranged on the base assembly, and the telescopic arm mechanism comprises a fixed arm and a plurality of telescopic arms arranged on the fixed arm. The fixed arm is installed on the self-moving chassis, the telescopic arm is connected with the base assembly, the idler wheels are used for supporting the pallet fork mechanism to move between a platform and a compartment bottom plate, and the pallet fork assembly is used for grabbing and carrying a cage trolley. According to the loading and unloading vehicle device, manual loading and unloading can be replaced, the operation difficulty and the operation labor intensity are reduced, the cage trolley is loaded and fixed through the pallet fork mechanism, compared with manual carrying, the dumping risk is smaller, and loading and unloading personnel are prevented from being injured due to dumping of the cage trolley.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of logistics and transportation technology, and specifically to a loading and unloading device. Background Technology

[0002] Cage carts are used in express delivery transit to store fragile, easily leaked, easily stolen, and easily damaged high-value items, reducing package breakage and improving customer satisfaction. Cage carts require frequent handling, temporary storage, and loading / unloading within transit hubs. Currently, loading and unloading cage carts at transit hubs is done manually, using platform ramps or the vehicle's own tailgate to push them into or out of the compartment. Loading and unloading one cage cart requires at least two people, making the operation difficult, labor-intensive, and posing a risk of tipping over and injury. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve the problems of high difficulty and labor intensity in manually handling cage carts, as well as the risk of tipping over. This purpose is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0004] This invention proposes a loading and unloading device, which includes a self-moving chassis, a telescopic boom mechanism, and a fork mechanism. The fork mechanism includes a base assembly, rollers disposed at the bottom of the base assembly, and a fork assembly disposed on the base assembly. The telescopic boom mechanism includes a fixed arm and multiple telescopic arms disposed on the fixed arm. The fixed arm is mounted on the self-moving chassis, and the telescopic arms are connected to the base assembly. The rollers are used to support the movement of the fork mechanism between the platform and the car floor. The fork assembly is used to grab and transport the car carrier.

[0005] The loading and unloading device of the present invention uses a self-moving chassis to adjust the position of the loading and unloading device relative to the car body. After the fork mechanism is aligned with the car body, the telescopic arm mechanism drives the fork mechanism to move between the platform and the interior of the car body to realize the loading or unloading of the cage car, thereby replacing manual loading and unloading, reducing the difficulty of operation and the labor intensity of work. The use of the fork mechanism to load and fix the cage car is less risky than manual handling and tipping, avoiding injury to loading and unloading personnel due to the tipping of the cage car.

[0006] In addition, the loading and unloading device according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the base assembly includes a base and an adaptive adjuster, the telescopic arm is connected to the adaptive adjuster, the fork assembly is mounted on the base and the fork assembly is located on the side of the base away from the telescopic arm mechanism, one of the adaptive adjuster and the base is provided with a first guide structure extending along a first direction, and the other of the two is provided with a first sliding structure slidably connected to the first guide structure, the first direction being parallel to or at an angle to the vertical direction.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first guide structure includes a first slide groove disposed on the adaptive adjustment member, and the first sliding structure includes a rotating shaft fixedly disposed on the base and a sliding wheel rotatably sleeved outside the rotating shaft. The sliding wheel is slidably disposed in the first slide groove, and the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the first direction and the extension direction of the telescopic arm, respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adaptive adjustment member includes a first plate, a first cantilever and a second cantilever connected to the first plate, the first cantilever and the second cantilever being arranged opposite to each other along the extension direction of the axis, the first guide structure including two first slide grooves, the two first slide grooves being respectively disposed on two opposing wall surfaces of the first cantilever and the second cantilever, and the first sliding structure including two rotating shafts and two sliding wheels, the two rotating shafts being respectively disposed on two opposite wall surfaces of the base along the extension direction of the axis.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the base assembly further includes a second plate body connected to the base and located between the adaptive adjustment member and the base. The second plate body includes a main plate portion and a first cantilever portion and a second cantilever portion connected to the main plate portion. The first cantilever portion and the second cantilever portion are respectively connected to the base. In this case, along the extension direction of the telescopic arm, the main plate portion is spaced apart from the first plate body and is used to define the deflection angle of the first plate body relative to the base.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adaptive adjustment member is provided with at least one reinforcing rib, which is disposed on the plate surface of the first plate body facing the second plate body and is parallel to the axis.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fixed arm and the multiple telescopic arms are stacked sequentially, and the multiple telescopic arms are telescopic relative to the fixed arm in a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the base is further provided with a second guide structure extending along the first direction, the fork assembly is provided with a second sliding structure, the second sliding structure being slidably connected to the second guide structure; the loading and unloading device further includes a drive mechanism, one of the fixed end and the drive end of the drive mechanism being connected to the base, and the other being connected to the fork assembly, so as to drive the fork assembly to slide relative to the base along the first direction.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fork assembly includes a first bracket, a second bracket, and forks. The first bracket is provided with a second sliding structure, and the second bracket is connected to the end of the first bracket away from the base. The forks are mounted on the second bracket. The drive mechanism includes a lifting rod, the cylinder of the lifting rod is connected to the base, and the piston rod of the lifting rod is connected to the first bracket.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fork assembly includes two forks, the two forks being the same or different in size.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second guide structure includes two second slide grooves disposed opposite to each other along a third direction, and the second sliding structure includes two slide rails disposed opposite to each other along the third direction and extending along the first direction. Along the third direction, the two slide rails are disposed between the two second slide grooves, one slide rail is slidably connected to one second slide groove, and the other slide rail is slidably connected to the other second slide groove. The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the extension direction of the telescopic arm, respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading device for loading cage cars in the retracted state, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading device for loading cage cars in the extended state, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-moving chassis shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic arm mechanism and adaptive adjustment component shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the loading and unloading device shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the forklift mechanism shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of the forklift mechanism shown from another perspective;

[0025] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of some components in the forklift mechanism shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive adjustment component and base shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of some components in the forklift mechanism shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows:

[0029] 100. Loading and unloading equipment;

[0030] 10. Self-propelled chassis; 11. Vehicle chassis; 12. Wireless mobile remote control; 13. Battery module; 14. Steering wheel motor; 15. Driven wheel; 16. Ear-shaped connection structure;

[0031] 20. Telescopic boom mechanism; 21. Fixed boom; 211. Fixing device; 22. Telescopic boom; 221. First telescopic boom section; 222. Second telescopic boom section; 223. Third telescopic boom section; 224. Fourth telescopic boom section; 225. Fifth telescopic boom section; 226. Sixth telescopic boom section; 227. Seventh telescopic boom section;

[0032] 30. Forklift mechanism; 301. Second guide structure; 302. Second sliding structure;

[0033] 31. Base assembly; 311. Base; 312. Adaptive adjustment component; 3121. First plate; 3122. First cantilever; 3123. Second cantilever; 313. Second plate; 3131. Main plate; 3132. First cantilever; 3133. Second cantilever; 314. Reinforcing rib;

[0034] 3101, First guide structure; 3102, First sliding structure; 31021, Rotating shaft; 31022, Sliding wheel;

[0035] 32. Rollers;

[0036] 33. Fork assembly; 331. First bracket; 332. Second bracket; 333. Fork; 3331. Fork cantilever;

[0037] 34. Drive mechanism; 341. Fixed end; 342. Drive end;

[0038] 200. Cage cart;

[0039] X - First direction; Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0041] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0042] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0043] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations.

[0044] According to embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a loading and unloading device 100 is proposed, which includes a self-moving chassis 10, a telescopic boom mechanism 20 and a fork mechanism 30.

[0045] The self-moving chassis 10 includes a vehicle chassis 11, a wireless mobile remote controller 12, a control module, a battery module 13, a steering wheel motor 14, and driven wheels 15. The battery module 13 supplies power to the steering wheel motor 14 and the control module. The wireless mobile remote controller 12 is wirelessly connected to the control module. The wireless mobile remote controller 12 is detachably mounted on the vehicle chassis 11. The wireless mobile remote controller 12 can be used to control the vehicle chassis 11 to move forward, backward, left, right, and turn, etc., so that personnel can quickly move and position the loading and unloading device 100 on the platform, so that the loading and unloading device 100 moves to the corresponding vehicle parking position on the platform and drives the fork mechanism 30 to align with the vehicle's cargo box.

[0046] The telescopic boom mechanism 20 includes a fixed arm 21 and a multi-section telescopic arm 22. Both the fixed arm 21 and the telescopic arm are cylindrical in shape. The multi-section telescopic arm 22 is slidably disposed inside the fixed arm 21, and the inner cavity of the fixed arm 21 forms a slide for the telescopic arm to extend and retract in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the fixed arm 21 and the multi-section telescopic arm 22 are stacked sequentially, forming a layered structure from the inside out. The multi-section telescopic arm 22 can extend and retract relative to the fixed arm 21 in a second direction, which is either horizontal or at an angle to the horizontal direction.

[0047] Please combine Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, taking a seven-section telescopic boom as an example, the outer diameters of the multi-section telescopic boom 22 are divided into the first telescopic boom 221, the second telescopic boom 222, the third telescopic boom 223, the fourth telescopic boom 224, the fifth telescopic boom 225, the sixth telescopic boom 226, and the seventh telescopic boom 227, from largest to smallest. The sixth telescopic boom 226 is fitted outside the seventh telescopic boom 227, the fifth telescopic boom 225 is fitted outside the sixth telescopic boom 226, the fourth telescopic boom 224 is fitted outside the fifth telescopic boom 225, the third telescopic boom 223 is fitted outside the fourth telescopic boom 224, the second telescopic boom 222 is fitted outside the first telescopic boom 221, and the fixed arm 21 is fitted outside the first telescopic boom 221. The telescopic boom mechanism 20 also includes multiple linear drive mechanisms 34, each including a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The number of hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders is equal to the number of telescopic booms. For a seven-section telescopic boom... Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fixed arm 21, and the telescopic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first telescopic arm 221. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first telescopic arm 221, and the telescopic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second telescopic arm 222. The cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the second telescopic arm 222, and the telescopic rod of the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the third telescopic arm 223. The cylinder body of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the third telescopic arm 223, and the telescopic rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fourth telescopic arm 224. The cylinder body of the fifth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fourth telescopic arm 224, and the telescopic rod of the fifth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fifth telescopic arm 225. The cylinder body of the sixth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fifth telescopic arm 225, and the telescopic rod of the sixth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sixth telescopic arm 226. The cylinder body of the seventh hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sixth telescopic arm 226, and the telescopic rod of the seventh hydraulic cylinder is connected to the seventh telescopic arm 227. Based on the structure of the telescopic boom mechanism 20, each telescopic boom can be independently controlled to extend and retract by controlling each hydraulic cylinder, so that the telescopic boom mechanism 20 can perform seven levels of extension and retraction, thereby adjusting the length of the telescopic boom mechanism 20 along its extension and retraction direction.

[0048] It should be noted that the number of telescopic booms is not limited to seven sections. The number of telescopic booms can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of telescopic booms can be set to two sections, three sections, or more than seven sections.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the fixed arm 21 in the telescopic arm mechanism 20 is connected to the vehicle chassis 11 of the self-moving chassis 10. Two ear-shaped connecting structures 16 are provided on the vehicle chassis 11 at intervals. The ear-shaped connecting structures 16 have connecting holes. Two fixing devices 211 are installed on the fixed arm 21. The two fixing devices 211 are fixedly connected to the vehicle chassis 11 by bolts, thereby fixing the fixed arm 21 to the vehicle chassis 11. When the multi-section telescopic arm of the telescopic arm mechanism 20 performs the telescopic action, the free end of the seventh telescopic arm 227 (i.e. the end away from the fixed arm 21) can move relative to the vehicle chassis 11 so that the free end of the seventh telescopic arm 227 moves closer to or away from the vehicle chassis 11.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the fork mechanism 30 includes a base assembly 31, rollers 32, and fork assembly 33. Rollers 32 are located at the bottom of the base assembly 31 and support the base assembly 31 and the fork assembly 33 mounted on it, facilitating movement of the fork mechanism 30 between the platform and the floor of the carriage. The fork assembly 33 is used to grab and transport the caravan 200. The free end of the last telescopic boom section is connected to the base assembly 31, specifically the free end of the seventh telescopic boom section 227.

[0051] Imagine that after the self-moving chassis 10 is moved on the platform according to the vehicle's position to adjust the relative position of the loading / unloading device 100 and the vehicle, the multi-section telescopic boom can be extended, allowing the seventh telescopic boom 227 to push the base assembly 31 away from the self-moving chassis 10, so that the fork mechanism 30 moves into the vehicle's cargo compartment to realize the loading process of the cage car 200. When the multi-section telescopic boom is retracted, the seventh telescopic boom 227 can push the base assembly 31 towards the self-moving chassis 10, so that the fork mechanism 30 moves out of the vehicle's cargo compartment and onto the platform to realize the unloading process of the cage car 200.

[0052] The loading and unloading device 100 proposed in this invention uses a self-moving chassis 10 to adjust the position of the loading and unloading device 100 relative to the car body. After the fork mechanism 30 is aligned with the car body, the telescopic arm mechanism 20 drives the fork mechanism 30 to move between the platform and the interior of the car body to realize the loading or unloading of the cage car 200. This replaces manual loading and unloading, reduces the difficulty of operation and the intensity of labor. Using the fork mechanism 30 to load and fix the cage car 200 is less risky than manual handling and avoids injury to loading and unloading personnel due to the cage car 200 tipping over.

[0053] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 andFigure 10 As shown, the base assembly 31 includes a base 311 and an adaptive adjuster 312. The free end of the last telescopic arm (i.e., the seventh telescopic arm 227) is connected to the adaptive adjuster 312. The fork assembly 33 is mounted on the base 311, and the fork assembly 33 is located on the side of the base 311 away from the telescopic arm mechanism 20. One of the adaptive adjuster 312 and the base 311 is provided with a first guide structure 3101 extending along a first direction, and the other of the two is provided with a first sliding structure 3102 slidably connected to the first guide structure 3101. The first direction is parallel to or at an angle to the vertical direction, that is, the adaptive adjuster 312 and the base 311 are slidably connected through the first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102, so that the base 311 can move relative to the adaptive adjuster 312 along the first direction. Figure 5 , Figure 6 In the diagram, X points to the first direction, Y points to the second direction, and the first and second directions are perpendicular.

[0054] Understandably, due to differences in vehicle models, different vehicle chassis heights result in height differences between the cargo box floor and the platform. When a loading / unloading bridge is used to connect the cargo box floor and the platform, the loading / unloading bridge will inevitably have a slope relative to the platform. Therefore, by utilizing the sliding cooperation between the first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102, the relative position of the base 311 with the adaptive adjustment component 312 and the telescopic arm in the height direction can be adaptively adjusted based on the height difference between the cargo box floor and the platform. This facilitates the smooth entry of the fork mechanism 30 into or out of the cargo box via the loading / unloading bridge.

[0055] It should be noted that the first guide structure 3101 is used to limit the relative degree of freedom of the first sliding structure 3102 in the first direction, so that the first sliding mechanism can slide relative to the first guide structure 3101 in the first direction. The first guide structure 3101 is also used to limit the degree of freedom of the first sliding structure 3102 in the direction of extension and retraction of the telescopic arm. When the telescopic arm performs the extension and retraction action, the first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102 can apply an interaction force in the horizontal direction, thereby enabling the adaptive adjustment member 312 to drive the base 311 to move in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the direction of extension and retraction of the telescopic arm is parallel to the horizontal direction.

[0056] The first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102 can be configured in various structural forms. In some embodiments, the first guide structure 3101 can be configured as a slide rail, and the first sliding structure 3102 can be configured as a slider, with the slider slidably disposed on the guide rail. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the first guide structure 3101 can be configured as a groove, and the first sliding structure 3102 can be configured as a slider, with the slider slidably disposed within the groove. The first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102 can also be configured in other structural forms, which will not be listed here.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first guide structure 3101 includes a first slide groove disposed on the adaptive adjustment member 312, and the first sliding structure 3102 includes a rotating shaft 31021 fixedly disposed on the base 311 and a sliding wheel 31022 rotatably sleeved outside the rotating shaft 31021. The sliding wheel 31022 is slidably disposed in the first slide groove, and the axis of the rotating shaft 31021 is perpendicular to the first direction and the extension direction of the telescopic arm, respectively. The sliding wheel 31022 can slide in the first groove along the first direction. On the one hand, by utilizing the rotatable nature of the sliding wheel 31022, static friction is transformed into rolling friction during the sliding process in the first groove, reducing the resistance between the adaptive adjustment member 312 and the base 311 when they move relative to each other in the first direction. This makes the adaptive adjustment process of the fork mechanism 30 and the telescopic arm mechanism 20 in the vertical direction smoother. On the other hand, by setting the structural form of the sliding wheel 31022 and the rotating shaft 31021, the adaptive adjustment member 312 can also rotate relative to the base 311 around the axis of the rotating shaft 31021, thereby changing the relative angle between the telescopic arm and the base 311. This allows the base 311 and the fork assembly 33 mounted on the base 311 to deflect relative to the telescopic arm, so that the base 311 and the fork assembly 33 mounted on the base 311 can adaptively adjust when they are on loading and unloading bridges with different slopes, avoiding interference between the bottom of the fork assembly 33 and the loading and unloading bridge during the movement of the vehicle.

[0058] Understandably, based on the first guide structure 3101 and the first sliding structure 3102, the present invention can not only move the base 311 and the fork assembly 33 relative to the telescopic arm in the vertical direction, but also rotate the base 311 and the fork assembly 33 relative to the telescopic arm about the axis of the pivot 31021, so that it can adaptively adjust when passing through the loading and unloading bridge with different slopes, thereby improving the adaptability of the loading and unloading device 100.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figure 10As shown, the adaptive adjustment component 312 includes a first plate 3121, a first cantilever 3122 and a second cantilever 3123 connected to the first plate 3121. The first cantilever 3122 and the second cantilever 3123 are arranged opposite to each other along the axial extension direction. The first guide structure 3101 includes two first sliding grooves, which are respectively provided on two opposing walls of the first cantilever 3122 and the second cantilever 3123. The first sliding structure 3102 includes two rotating shafts 31021 and two sliding wheels 31022. The two rotating shafts 31021 are respectively provided on two opposite walls of the base 311 along the axial extension direction. By providing two opposing first sliding grooves that cooperate with two sliding wheels 31022, the stability of the connection between the adaptive adjustment component 312 and the base 311 is improved. During the process of the telescopic arm pushing the fork mechanism 30 to move, the fork mechanism 30 is more stable when transporting the cage 200.

[0060] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the base assembly 31 also includes a second plate 313, which is connected to the base 311 and located between the adaptive adjustment member 312 and the base 311. The second plate 313 includes a main plate portion 3131 and a first cantilever portion 3132 and a second cantilever portion 3133 connected to the main plate portion 3131. The first cantilever portion 3132 and the second cantilever portion 3133 are respectively connected to the base 311. Both the first cantilever portion 3132 and the second cantilever portion 3133 are provided with through holes. One of the two rotating shafts 31021 A through hole 31021 is inserted through the first cantilever portion 3132, and another of the two rotating shafts 31021 is inserted through the second cantilever portion 3133. Both the main plate portion 3131 and the first plate body 3121 are plate-shaped structures, and are spaced apart along the extension direction of the telescopic arm. When the adaptive adjustment member 312 rotates relative to the base 311 around the axis of the rotating shaft 31021, the included angle between the main plate portion 3131 and the first plate body 3121 changes. Specifically, when the fork cantilever 3331 in the fork assembly 33 is parallel to the horizontal plane, the main plate portion 3131 is parallel to the first plate body 3121. Starting from the state where the fork cantilever 3331 in the fork assembly 33 is parallel to the horizontal plane, when the base 311 deflects clockwise by a first preset angle relative to the adaptive adjuster 312, the free end of the fork cantilever 3331 (i.e., the end away from the telescopic arm) tilts downward, and the lower edge of the main plate 3131 abuts against the first plate 3121, thereby preventing the base 311 from continuing to deflect clockwise relative to the adaptive adjuster 312; starting from the state where the fork cantilever 3331 in the fork assembly 33 is parallel to the horizontal plane, when the base 311 deflects counterclockwise by a second preset angle relative to the adaptive adjuster 312, the free end of the fork cantilever 3331 (i.e., the end away from the telescopic arm) tilts upward, and the upper edge of the main plate 3131 abuts against the first plate 3121, thereby preventing the base 311 from continuing to deflect counterclockwise relative to the adaptive adjuster 312.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first preset angle ranges from 0° to 20°, for example, it can be 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 16°, 18°, 19°, 20°, etc. The second preset angle ranges from 0° to 20°, for example, it can be 3°, 5°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 15°, 16°, 18°, 19°, 20°, etc.

[0062] Understandably, the cooperation between the first plate 3121 and the second plate 313 can be used to limit the deflection angle of the first plate 3121 relative to the base 311, preventing the base 311 from deflecting too much and causing interference between the fork assembly 33 and the loading / unloading vehicle bridge plate.

[0063] In this embodiment, asFigure 10 As shown, the adaptive adjustment member 312 is provided with at least one reinforcing rib 314. The reinforcing rib 314 is located on the surface of the first plate 3121 facing the second plate 313 and is parallel to the axis. The reinforcing rib 314 on the first plate 3121 improves the structural strength of the first plate 3121. When the base 311 deflects relative to the adaptive adjustment member 312, it prevents the main plate portion 3131 of the second plate 313 from abutting against the first plate 3121, reducing deformation of the first plate 3121 due to excessive force. Furthermore, two reinforcing ribs 314 are provided, located at the upper and lower edges of the first plate 3121 respectively, to further enhance the structural strength of the first plate 3121.

[0064] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the base 311 is also provided with a second guide structure 301 extending along the first direction, and the fork assembly 33 is provided with a second sliding structure 302. The second sliding structure 302 is slidably connected to the second guide structure 301. That is, the fork assembly 33 and the base 311 are slidably connected through the second guide structure 301 and the second sliding structure 302, so that the fork assembly 33 can move relative to the base 311 along the first direction.

[0065] Furthermore, the loading and unloading device 100 also includes a drive mechanism 34, one of which, the fixed end 341 and the drive end 342, is connected to the base 311 and the other is connected to the fork assembly 33, so as to drive the fork assembly 33 to slide relative to the base 311 in a first direction, thereby using the drive mechanism 34 to drive the fork assembly 33 to lift or lower, so as to complete the action of loading the cage car 200 onto the fork assembly 33 or unloading it from the fork assembly 33.

[0066] The second guide structure 301 and the second sliding structure 302 can be configured in various structural forms. In some embodiments, the second guide structure 301 can be configured as a slide rail, and the second sliding structure 302 can be configured as a slider, with the slider slidably disposed on the guide rail. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the second guide structure 301 can be configured as a groove, and the second sliding structure 302 can be configured as a slider, with the slider slidably disposed within the groove. Other structural forms of the second guide structure 301 and the second sliding structure 302 are also possible and will not be listed here.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the second guide structure 301 includes two second slide grooves arranged opposite each other along a third direction, and the second sliding structure 302 includes two slide rails arranged opposite each other along a third direction and extending along a first direction. Along the third direction, the two slide rails are located between the two second slide grooves. One slide rail is slidably connected to one second slide groove, and the other slide rail is slidably connected to the other second slide groove. By utilizing the sliding engagement of the two slide rails and the two second slide grooves, the movement of the fork assembly 33 on the base 311 is made more stable. Figure 7 The direction indicated by Z is the third direction, which is perpendicular to both the first direction and the extension / retraction direction of the telescopic arm (i.e., the second direction).

[0068] The drive mechanism 34 is a linear motion mechanism, such as a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a ball screw mechanism, a synchronous belt drive mechanism, or a linear motor mechanism. For example, if the drive mechanism 34 is a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, then the fixed end 341 of the drive mechanism 34 is the cylinder body of the pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, and the drive end 342 of the drive mechanism 34 is a piston rod in the pneumatic cylinder or hydraulic cylinder that can extend and retract in the first direction. The piston rod is connected to the fork assembly 33, thereby driving the fork assembly 33 to move relative to the base 311 in the first direction. Alternatively, if the drive mechanism 34 is a ball screw mechanism, the fixed end 341 and the drive end 342 of the drive mechanism 34 are a nut and a screw, respectively. For example, when the nut is the fixed end 341, the nut is fixed to the base 311, and the screw is rotatably inserted through the nut with one end connected to the fork assembly 33. By driving the screw to rotate, the screw can move relative to the base 311 in the first direction, thereby causing the fork assembly 33 to move relative to the base 311. Understandably, the drive mechanism 34 can also be other linear motion mechanisms, which will not be listed here.

[0069] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the fork assembly 33 includes a first bracket 331, a second bracket 332, and forks 333. The first bracket 331 is provided with a second sliding structure 302. The second bracket 332 is connected to the end of the first bracket 331 facing away from the base 311. The forks 333 are mounted on the second bracket 332 and have fork cantilever 3331 for supporting the cage trolley 200. When the main plate portion 3131 of the first plate 3121 and the second plate 313 are parallel, the extension direction of the fork cantilever 3331 is parallel to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 34 is configured as a lifting rod. The cylinder of the lifting rod is connected to the base 311, and the piston rod of the lifting rod is connected to the first bracket 331. The lifting rod drives the first bracket 331 to move relative to the base 311.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7As shown, the fork assembly 33 includes two forks 333, which are the same size, so that the fork assembly 33 can transport two cage cars 200 at the same time, thereby improving operational efficiency.

[0071] In some embodiments, the fork assembly 33 includes two forks 333 of different sizes. The two forks 333 can simultaneously pick up two main lines or two branch line cages 200 of different sizes, thereby improving operational efficiency.

[0072] The loading and unloading device proposed in this invention can move up, down, left, and right, and is compatible with both mainline and branchline cage cars of different sizes. It can simultaneously pick up two cage cars, improving the efficiency of loading and unloading cage cars. It replaces manual entry and exit from the car body for loading and unloading cage cars, reducing manpower input and lowering transfer costs. By adopting a seven-section telescopic boom and a height-adaptive adjustable structure design, it can adapt to the length of different types of box cars, pushing the cage cars to the bottom of the box. It solves the problems of difficult loading and unloading of cage cars caused by differences in the height of different vehicles, the slope between the vehicle body and the platform, uneven bottom of the box, and large height differences between empty and full load.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A car loading and unloading device, characterized by The loading and unloading device comprises a self-moving chassis, a telescopic arm mechanism and a fork mechanism, the fork mechanism comprises a base assembly, rollers arranged at the bottom of the base assembly and a fork assembly arranged at the base assembly, the telescopic arm mechanism comprises a fixed arm and multiple telescopic arms arranged at the fixed arm, the fixed arm is mounted on the self-moving chassis, the telescopic arms are connected with the base assembly, the rollers are used to support the fork mechanism to move between a platform and a carriage floor, and the fork assembly is used to grab and carry a cage.

2. The straddle carrier of claim 1, wherein The base assembly comprises a base and an adaptive adjusting member, the telescopic arms are connected with the adaptive adjusting member, the fork assembly is mounted on the base, and the fork assembly is located on the side of the base away from the telescopic arm mechanism, one of the adaptive adjusting member and the base is provided with a first guide structure extending along a first direction, and the other is provided with a first sliding structure slidably connected with the first guide structure, and the first direction is parallel to or forms an angle with the vertical direction.

3. The straddle carrier of claim 2, wherein, The first guide structure comprises a first sliding groove arranged at the adaptive adjusting member, the first sliding structure comprises a rotating shaft fixedly arranged at the base and a sliding wheel rotatably sleeved outside the rotating shaft, the sliding wheel is slidably arranged in the first sliding groove, and the axis of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to the first direction and the telescopic direction of the telescopic arms.

4. The straddle carrier of claim 3, wherein The adaptive adjusting member comprises a first plate body, a first cantilever connected with the first plate body and a second cantilever, the first cantilever and the second cantilever are oppositely arranged along the extension direction of the axis, the first guide structure comprises two first sliding grooves, the two first sliding grooves are arranged on two wall surfaces of the first cantilever and the second cantilever respectively, and the first sliding structure comprises two rotating shafts and two sliding wheels, the two rotating shafts are arranged on two opposite wall surfaces of the base along the extension direction of the axis.

5. The straddle carrier of claim 4, wherein, The base assembly further comprises a second plate body connected with the base and located between the adaptive adjusting member and the base, the second plate body comprises a main plate part and a first cantilever part and a second cantilever part connected with the main plate part, and the first cantilever part and the second cantilever part are connected with the base respectively, wherein, along the telescopic direction of the telescopic arms, the main plate part is arranged in space with the first plate body and is used to limit the deflection angle of the first plate body relative to the base.

6. The straddle carrier of claim 5, wherein, The adaptive adjusting member is provided with at least one reinforcing rib, the reinforcing rib is arranged on the plate surface of the first plate body facing the second plate body and is parallel to the axis.

7. The straddle carrier of claim 2, wherein, The fixed arm and the multiple telescopic arms are arranged in a telescopic manner, and the multiple telescopic arms can be telescopically extended relative to the fixed arm along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

8. The truck loading and unloading device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that The base is further provided with a second guide structure extending along the first direction, the fork assembly is provided with a second sliding structure, and the second sliding structure is slidably connected with the second guide structure. The loading and unloading device further comprises a driving mechanism, one of a fixed end and a driving end of the driving mechanism being connected with the base and the other being connected with the fork assembly to drive the fork assembly to slide relative to the base along the first direction.

9. The straddle carrier of claim 8, wherein, The fork assembly comprises a first support, a second support and forks, the first support being provided with the second sliding structure, the second support being connected with an end of the first support away from the base, and the forks being mounted on the second support. The driving mechanism comprises a lifting rod, a cylinder body of the lifting rod being connected with the base, and a piston rod of the lifting rod being connected with the first support.

10. The straddle carrier of claim 9, wherein, The fork assembly comprises two forks, the two forks being of the same size or different sizes.

11. The straddle carrier of claim 8, wherein, The second guiding structure comprises two second sliding grooves oppositely arranged along a third direction, and the second sliding structure comprises two sliding rails oppositely arranged along the third direction and extending along the first direction, the two sliding rails being arranged between the two second sliding grooves along the third direction, one of the sliding rails being slidably connected with one of the second sliding grooves, and the other of the sliding rails being slidably connected with the other of the second sliding grooves, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and an extending direction of the telescopic arm.

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