Intelligent temperature-sensing hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent temperature-sensing hydrogel anti-friction patch and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medical devices and sports protection products. First, a phase change material is microencapsulated and mixed with a water-based polyurethane adhesive to form an intelligent phase change microcapsule layer. Then, a hydrogel material is formed into a hydrogel grid framework through a grid mold. The two are then hot-pressed and compounded. A functional pressure-sensitive adhesive containing plant essential oil is coated on the other side of the framework. Finally, a protective film and an anti-sticking release paper are covered to obtain the hydrogel anti-friction patch. Through the synergistic effect of heat storage and release of the phase change microcapsule, rapid moisture conduction of the hydrogel grid and reliable adhesion of the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive, active buffering of friction heat and dynamic management of the microenvironment of skin heat and moisture are realized, the effects of firm adhesion and comfortable tearing are achieved, and the problems of stuffiness, lack of temperature control, easy falling off and discomfort of tearing of traditional anti-friction patches are effectively solved. The product is suitable for daily sports protection and joint care and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices and sports protective products, specifically a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrocolloid abrasion patches are skin protection products widely used in sports protection and wound care. They mainly reduce skin friction and irritation through the moisture-absorbing and cushioning properties of hydrocolloid matrices such as gelatin and pectin. However, existing hydrocolloid abrasion patches have significant functional and structural limitations, making it difficult to meet users' combined needs for intelligent, comfortable, and multifunctional therapeutic solutions.

[0003] Firstly, in terms of functionality, traditional products lack intelligent temperature regulation capabilities. During prolonged exercise or high-intensity activities, the skin is prone to overheating due to friction and metabolic heat generation, leading to discomfort or even inflammation. Furthermore, during the recovery period after exercise, such as in the care of sprains or arthritis, external cold or hot compresses are often needed to relieve pain or promote blood circulation. However, traditional patches cannot actively provide temperature control support, and users need to rely on additional physiotherapy equipment, resulting in poor convenience.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of structural design, conventional hydrocolloid patches are mostly homogeneous films or simple layered structures, which are not breathable enough and can easily cause the skin to feel stuffy and damp, leading to allergies or poor adhesion. Although some improved products have tried to enhance breathability by adding holes or meshes, they often sacrifice adhesive strength or functional integration. Existing products are simple and focus more on physical protection, lacking therapeutic enhancement characteristics, making it difficult to meet users' dual needs for comfort and long-lasting therapeutic effects.

[0005] In recent years, phase change materials (PCMs) and microencapsulation technology have been explored in fields such as textiles and medicine for temperature management. However, their application in combination with hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patches is still rare. Existing attempts are mostly limited to simple mixing. This method is difficult to ensure that the PCM is evenly distributed in the matrix. The volume change of the PCM during the phase change process can easily lead to microcapsule breakage and leakage of the PCM. This can cause a series of adverse reactions, such as failure of temperature control function, skin irritation, damage to patch structure, and reduced product reliability. This not only makes it impossible to realize the "intelligent temperature sensing" function, but may also create new safety and usage problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch and its preparation method. Through the synergistic effect of heat storage and release of phase change microcapsules, rapid moisture conduction of hydrocolloid mesh, and reliable adhesion of functional pressure-sensitive adhesive, active buffering of frictional heat and dynamic management of skin microenvironment humidity and heat are achieved, resulting in a firm adhesion and comfortable removal. This effectively solves the problems of stuffiness, lack of temperature control, easy detachment, and discomfort from tearing traditional anti-abrasion patches. This product is suitable for daily sports anti-abrasion and joint care scenarios.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Using n-octadecane and n-tetradecane as phase change materials and zeolite adsorption as the core material, and carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinking network as the wall material, intelligent phase change microcapsules are obtained. These microcapsules are then mixed evenly with water-based polyurethane adhesive, coated and dried to obtain an intelligent phase change microcapsule layer.

[0010] Step 2: Mix gelatin, pectin and sodium methylcellulose, and inject the mixture into a grid-like mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure to form a hydrocolloid mesh skeleton.

[0011] Step 3: Mix medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive with plant essential oils to prepare functional pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0012] Step 4: Hot-press the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer with one side of the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, then coat the other side of the skeleton with functional pressure-sensitive adhesive, and finally cover with a protective film and anti-stick release paper to obtain the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0013] Furthermore, hot-pressing composite is performed at a temperature of 70-90℃ and a pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa for 15-45 seconds.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific preparation steps of the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive are as follows:

[0015] Place the medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in a mixing tank and stir the base material at a speed of 200-400 rpm at room temperature. Slowly add the plant essential oil drop by drop. After the essential oil is added, increase the stirring speed to 400-600 rpm and continue stirring for 30-60 minutes. After stirring, let the colloid stand for 15-30 minutes to eliminate air bubbles and obtain the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of medical acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive to plant essential oil is 100:0.5-2.

[0017] Furthermore, the plant essential oil is obtained by mixing menthol and wintergreen oil in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0018] Furthermore, the specific preparation steps of the hydrocolloid mesh framework are as follows:

[0019] Gelatin is added to a torque rheometer and melted at 60-70℃ and 50-150 r / min for 4-6 min. Then, pectin and sodium methyl cellulose are added sequentially, and the mixture is continued to be mixed for 15-25 min under the same conditions. The resulting mixture is placed in a vacuum environment at 50-60℃ and allowed to stand for 20-40 min. The resulting slurry is injected into a preheated mesh mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure and transferred to a flat vulcanizing machine. It is hot-pressed at 80-100℃ and 0.2-0.5 MPa for 5-15 min. Subsequently, while maintaining the pressure, the mold is cooled to 20-30℃ with water and then cold-pressed at 2-5 MPa for 1-3 min at this temperature. Finally, the pressure is released, the mold is demolded, and the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton is obtained.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass ratio of gelatin, pectin, and sodium methylcellulose is 80-100:20-40:12-25.

[0021] Furthermore, the specific preparation steps of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer are as follows:

[0022] Add the waterborne polyurethane adhesive to a mixing tank. At 300-500 r / min, add dispersant D045 and smart phase change microcapsules sequentially. Continue stirring for 10-15 min. Then add thickener HEUR-A and defoamer BYK-022 and continue stirring for 5-8 min. Let stand for 1-2 h. Pour the mixture onto a release film and spread it into a uniform wet film with a thickness of 200-500 μm using a scraper. Dry the wet film at room temperature for 2-4 h, and then dry it at 50-60℃ for 2-4 h to obtain the smart phase change microcapsule layer.

[0023] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the adhesive waterborne polyurethane, dispersant D045, smart phase change microcapsules, thickener HEUR-A and defoamer BYK-022 is 15-25:0.5-1:10-15:0.5-2:0.05-0.10.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific preparation method of the intelligent phase change microcapsules is as follows:

[0025] Carboxymethyl chitosan and deionized water were added to a reaction vessel and stirred until dissolved. Then, composite phase change core material was added to the vessel and sheared at high speed at 5000-7000 r / min for 5-10 min to form a uniform suspension. Sodium tripolyphosphate, a crosslinking agent, was added at 400-600 r / min and the reaction was continuously stirred at 60-70℃ for 3-5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was separated by centrifugation, and the filter cake was washed with deionized water at 50-60℃. After vacuum drying, intelligent phase change microcapsules were obtained.

[0026] Furthermore, the ratio of carboxymethyl chitosan, deionized water, composite phase change core material and crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate is 4-8g: 350-500mL: 12-20g: 2-4g.

[0027] Furthermore, the composite phase change core material is composed of n-octadecane, n-tetradecane and zeolite in a mass ratio of 55-65:35-45:95-130.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. This invention constructs a multifunctional composite system of phase change microcapsule layer-hydrocolloid mesh skeleton-functional pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, achieving synergy of intelligent temperature-sensitive buffering, efficient moisture management, long-lasting adhesion and comfortable removal. It fundamentally solves the technical pain points of traditional hydrocolloid dressings, such as stuffiness and lack of breathability, lack of temperature regulation, poor adhesion or painful removal. In particular, it provides an innovative solution that combines comfort, functionality and high reliability for scenarios such as long-term sports protection and joint care.

[0030] 2. This invention constructs intelligent phase change microcapsules with a zeolite / alkane complex as the core and a carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinking network as the shell. The eutectic mixture formed by n-octadecane and n-tetradecane serves as the phase change core material, significantly broadening the phase change temperature range and making it more closely match the temperature fluctuation range of the human body surface, thus achieving a smoother and more lasting intelligent temperature-sensing buffer. The introduced zeolite, through its nanopores, generates an "adsorption-confinement" effect on liquid alkanes, which not only greatly improves the shaping ability and thermal stability of the core material and effectively prevents leakage of the phase change material during recycling, but its porous structure also provides an additional path for heat transfer, enhancing thermal response efficiency.

[0031] A three-dimensional gel network formed by electrostatic crosslinking of carboxymethyl chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate was used as the microcapsule wall material. This wall material has good biocompatibility, flexibility and density, providing a robust protective shell for the composite phase change core material and ensuring the structural integrity of the microcapsules under long-term wear and dynamic stress. More importantly, the abundant polar functional groups such as carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl groups on the surface of the wall material enable it to generate strong intermolecular interactions with the active groups in the hydrocolloid mesh framework during subsequent hot-pressing composite. Through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction and even the formation of amide covalent bonds, a strong interfacial chemical bond is achieved between the microcapsule layer and the mesh framework. This not only greatly enhances the interlayer bonding force and the integrity of the overall structure, but also optimizes the synergistic management pathway of heat and moisture between layers.

[0032] 3. This invention constructs a three-dimensional interconnected hydrocolloid mesh skeleton using mesh mold forming technology, creating continuous and interconnected microporous channels. This provides an efficient physical path for the diffusion and expulsion of water vapor and sweat, structurally solving the problem of skin stuffiness caused by the poor breathability of traditional dense films. The three-dimensional porous structure of this mesh skeleton not only has excellent liquid absorption and retention capabilities, but its regular pores also provide precise filling space and anchoring interface for the subsequently coated functional pressure-sensitive adhesive. The "micro-anchor" structure formed by the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the pores significantly increases the effective adhesion area and generates a mechanical interlocking effect, thereby ensuring ultra-high breathability while greatly improving shear and peel strength, successfully breaking through the technical bottleneck of the difficulty in achieving both high breathability and strong adhesion.

[0033] 4. This invention constructs a composite adhesive layer with both reliable adhesion and dynamic functional response by compounding plant essential oils into a medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive matrix. The acrylic matrix provides a durable and stable basic adhesion, while the plant essential oils not only significantly improve the flexibility and extensibility of the adhesive as a highly efficient plasticizer, making the peeling process comfortable and residue-free, but also endow the product with soothing, antibacterial, and other auxiliary therapeutic functions. Simultaneously, the active small molecules in the essential oils can penetrate and slightly swell the surface of the hydrocolloid mesh framework, physically entangled with its polymer chains, thus forming a strengthened mechanical interlock and interfacial bond between the adhesive layer and the framework. Combined with the design of the pressure-sensitive adhesive only partially filling the mesh depth, this achieves a balance and synergistic improvement in performance between "high breathability" and "strong adhesion" while ensuring unobstructed airflow channels. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: A method for preparing a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch

[0036] S1: Add 60g of n-octadecane and 40g of n-tetradecane to a stirred tank and melt-blend them at 65°C. Then add 113g of zeolite (type 4A) to the tank, stir and impregnate at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain the composite phase change core material.

[0037] 6g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 425mL of deionized water were added to a reaction vessel and stirred until dissolved. Then, 16g of composite phase change core material was added to the vessel and sheared at high speed for 8min at 6000r / min to form a uniform suspension. Then, 3g of crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate was added at 500r / min and the reaction was continuously stirred at 65℃ for 4h to fully crosslink the carboxymethyl chitosan and coat the core material. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, the filter cake was washed with deionized water at 55℃, and then vacuum dried to obtain intelligent phase change microcapsules.

[0038] Using a synergistic adsorption-confinement and emulsification-crosslinking method, firstly, n-octadecane and n-tetradecane are melt-blended. The resulting eutectic liquid phase is adsorbed and confined within the pores by the capillary force of the zeolite nanopores. After cooling, a solid composite phase change core material is obtained. Subsequently, the composite core material is dispersed in an aqueous solution of carboxymethyl chitosan and subjected to high-speed shearing to form a uniform suspension. Then, sodium tripolyphosphate, a crosslinking agent, is added. Under heating and stirring, the phosphate groups of tripolyphosphate undergo electrostatic crosslinking with the protonated amino groups on the chitosan chains, forming a dense three-dimensional gel network shell on the surface of the core material. The final product is a smart phase change microcapsule with a zeolite / alkane complex as the core and a carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinking network as the shell.

[0039] S2: Add 20g of waterborne polyurethane adhesive to a mixing tank. At a speed of 400r / min, add 0.75g of dispersant D045 and 12.5g of smart phase change microcapsules to the tank in sequence. Continue stirring for 12min. Then add 1.25g of thickener HEUR-A and 0.075g of defoamer BYK-022. Continue stirring for 6min. Let stand for 1.5h to fully eliminate air bubbles. Pour the mixture onto a release film and spread it into a uniform wet film (thickness controlled at 300μm) with a scraper. Dry the wet film at room temperature for 3h, and then dry it at 55℃ for 3h until it is completely cured, forming a dry and flexible film, which is the smart phase change microcapsule layer.

[0040] S3: Add 90g of gelatin to a torque rheometer and melt it for 5 minutes at 65℃ and 100r / min. Maintain the temperature, then add 30g of pectin and 18.5g of sodium methyl cellulose in sequence. Continue mixing for 20 minutes under the same conditions until all components are evenly dispersed. Place the mixed material in a vacuum environment at 55℃ and let it stand for 30 minutes to remove air bubbles from the slurry. Then, inject the slurry into a preheated grid mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure and transfer it to a flat vulcanizing machine. Hot press at 90℃ and 0.3MPa for 10 minutes to allow the hydrocolloid slurry to flow fully and fill the mold. Then, while maintaining the pressure, cool the mold to 25℃ with water and cold press at 3MPa for 2 minutes at this temperature to stabilize the structure and eliminate internal stress. Finally, release the pressure and demold to obtain the hydrocolloid grid skeleton.

[0041] S4: Place 100g of medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in a mixing tank and stir the base material at a speed of 200-400r / min at room temperature. Slowly add 1.25g of plant essential oil (menthol and wintergreen oil in a mass ratio of 1:1) drop by drop. After the essential oil is added, increase the stirring speed to 500r / min and continue stirring for 45min until the essential oil is completely dispersed and the system is homogeneous. After stirring, let the colloid stand for 20min to eliminate air bubbles introduced during stirring, and obtain the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0042] S5: The intelligent phase change microcapsule layer is precisely aligned and superimposed with the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, so that the microcapsule layer is in contact with the upper surface of the mesh skeleton. It is then placed in a flatbed hot press and hot-pressed for 30 seconds at a temperature of 80℃ and a pressure of 0.3MPa to achieve initial fusion of the two layers. Subsequently, the composite is flipped over, and functional pressure-sensitive adhesive is evenly coated on the lower surface of the mesh skeleton and the inner wall of the mesh pores. The adhesive layer filling depth is controlled to be 1 / 2 of the mesh height. Then, an anti-adhesion release paper is covered on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a medical-grade polyurethane protective film is laminated on the upper surface of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer. The resulting multi-layer composite sheet is left to stand and mature for 36 hours in an environment with room temperature and relative humidity <50% to stabilize the bonding of each layer interface and fully cure the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Finally, the matured sheet is die-cut to obtain the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0043] Example 2: A method for preparing a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch

[0044] S1: Add 55g of n-octadecane and 35g of n-tetradecane to a stirred tank and melt-blend them at 60°C. Then add 95g of zeolite (type 4A) to the tank, stir and impregnate at 75°C for 1.5h to obtain the composite phase change core material.

[0045] 4g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 350mL of deionized water were added to a reaction vessel and stirred until dissolved. Then, 12g of composite phase change core material was added to the vessel and sheared at high speed for 5min at 5000r / min to form a uniform suspension. Then, 2g of crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate was added at 400r / min and the reaction was continuously stirred at 60℃ for 3h to allow the carboxymethyl chitosan to fully crosslink and coat the core material. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, the filter cake was washed with deionized water at 50℃, and then vacuum dried to obtain intelligent phase change microcapsules.

[0046] S2: Add 15g of waterborne polyurethane adhesive to a mixing tank. At a speed of 300r / min, add 0.5g of dispersant D045 and 10g of smart phase change microcapsules to the tank in sequence. Stir continuously for 10min. Then add 0.5g of thickener HEUR-A and 0.05g of defoamer BYK-022. Continue stirring for 5min. Let stand for 1h to fully eliminate air bubbles. Pour the mixture onto a release film and spread it into a uniform wet film (thickness controlled at 200μm) with a scraper. Dry the wet film at room temperature for 2h, and then dry it at 50℃ for 2h until it is completely cured, forming a dry and flexible film, which is the smart phase change microcapsule layer.

[0047] S3: Add 80g of gelatin to a torque rheometer and melt it for 4 minutes at 60℃ and 50r / min. Maintain the temperature, then add 20g of pectin and 12g of sodium methyl cellulose in sequence. Continue mixing for 15 minutes under the same conditions until all components are evenly dispersed. Place the mixed material in a vacuum environment at 50℃ and let it stand for 20 minutes to remove air bubbles from the slurry. Then, inject the slurry into a preheated grid mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure and transfer it to a flat vulcanizing machine. Hot press for 5 minutes at 80℃ and 0.2MPa to allow the hydrocolloid slurry to flow fully and fill the mold. Then, while maintaining the pressure, cool the mold with water to 20℃ and cold press it at 2MPa for 1 minute at this temperature to stabilize the structure and eliminate internal stress. Finally, release the pressure and demold to obtain the hydrocolloid grid skeleton.

[0048] S4: Place 100g of medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in a mixing tank and stir the base material at a speed of 200r / min at room temperature. Slowly add 0.5g of plant essential oil (menthol and wintergreen oil in a mass ratio of 1:1) drop by drop. After the essential oil is added, increase the stirring speed to 400r / min and continue stirring for 30min until the essential oil is completely dispersed and the system is homogeneous. After stirring, let the colloid stand for 15min to eliminate air bubbles introduced during stirring, and obtain the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0049] S5: The intelligent phase change microcapsule layer is precisely aligned and superimposed with the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, so that the microcapsule layer is in contact with the upper surface of the mesh skeleton. It is then placed in a flatbed hot press and hot-pressed for 15 seconds at a temperature of 70℃ and a pressure of 0.3MPa to achieve initial fusion of the two layers. Subsequently, the composite is flipped over, and functional pressure-sensitive adhesive is evenly coated on the lower surface of the mesh skeleton and the inner wall of the mesh pores. The adhesive layer filling depth is controlled to be 1 / 3 of the mesh height. Then, an anti-adhesion release paper is covered on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a medical-grade polyurethane protective film is laminated on the upper surface of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer. The resulting multi-layer composite sheet is left to stand and mature for 24 hours in an environment with room temperature and relative humidity <50% to stabilize the bonding of each layer interface and fully cure the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Finally, the matured sheet is die-cut to obtain the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0050] Example 3: A method for preparing a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch

[0051] S1: Add 65g of n-octadecane and 45g of n-tetradecane to a stirred tank and melt-blend them at 70°C. Then add 130g of zeolite (type 4A) to the tank, stir and impregnate at 85°C for 3 hours to obtain the composite phase change core material.

[0052] 8g of carboxymethyl chitosan and 500mL of deionized water were added to a reaction vessel and stirred until dissolved. Then, 20g of composite phase change core material was added to the vessel and sheared at high speed for 10min at 7000r / min to form a uniform suspension. 4g of crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate was added at 600r / min and the reaction was continuously stirred at 70℃ for 5h to allow the carboxymethyl chitosan to fully crosslink and coat the core material. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, the filter cake was washed with deionized water at 60℃, and then vacuum dried to obtain intelligent phase change microcapsules.

[0053] S2: Add 25g of waterborne polyurethane adhesive to a mixing tank. At a speed of 500r / min, add 1g of dispersant D045 and 15g of smart phase change microcapsules to the tank in sequence. Stir continuously for 15min. Then add 2g of thickener HEUR-A and 0.10g of defoamer BYK-022. Continue stirring for 8min. Let stand for 2h to fully eliminate air bubbles. Pour the mixture onto a release film and spread it into a uniform wet film (thickness controlled at 500μm) with a scraper. Dry the wet film at room temperature for 4h, and then dry it at 60℃ for 4h until it is completely cured, forming a dry and flexible film, which is the smart phase change microcapsule layer.

[0054] S3: Add 100g of gelatin to a torque rheometer and melt it for 6 minutes at 70℃ and 150r / min. Maintain the temperature, then add 40g of pectin and 25g of sodium methylcellulose in sequence. Continue mixing for 25 minutes under the same conditions until all components are evenly dispersed. Place the mixed material in a vacuum environment at 60℃ and let it stand for 40 minutes to remove air bubbles from the slurry. Then, inject the slurry into a preheated grid mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure and transfer it to a flat vulcanizing machine. Hot press at 100℃ and 0.5MPa for 15 minutes to allow the hydrocolloid slurry to flow fully and fill the mold. Then, while maintaining the pressure, cool the mold with water to 30℃ and cold press it at 5MPa for 3 minutes at this temperature to stabilize the structure and eliminate internal stress. Finally, release the pressure and demold to obtain the hydrocolloid grid skeleton.

[0055] S4: Place 100g of medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive in a mixing tank and stir the base material at a speed of 400r / min at room temperature. Slowly add 2g of plant essential oil (menthol and wintergreen oil in a mass ratio of 1:1) drop by drop. After the essential oil is added, increase the stirring speed to 600r / min and continue stirring for 60min until the essential oil is completely dispersed and the system is homogeneous. After stirring, let the colloid stand for 30min to eliminate air bubbles introduced during stirring, and obtain the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive.

[0056] S5: The intelligent phase change microcapsule layer is precisely aligned and superimposed with the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, so that the microcapsule layer is in contact with the upper surface of the mesh skeleton. It is then placed in a flatbed hot press and hot-pressed for 45 seconds at a temperature of 90℃ and a pressure of 0.6MPa to achieve initial fusion of the two layers. Subsequently, the composite is flipped over, and functional pressure-sensitive adhesive is evenly coated on the lower surface of the mesh skeleton and the inner wall of the mesh pores. The adhesive layer filling depth is controlled to be 1 / 2 of the mesh height. Then, an anti-adhesion release paper is covered on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a medical-grade polyurethane protective film is laminated on the upper surface of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer. The resulting multi-layer composite sheet is left to stand and mature for 48 hours in an environment with room temperature and relative humidity <50% to stabilize the bonding of each layer interface and fully cure the pressure-sensitive adhesive. Finally, the matured sheet is die-cut to obtain the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0057] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 1, steps S1 and S2 were omitted, and the smart phase change microcapsule layer was not prepared. In step S5, the lower surface of the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton obtained in step S3 was directly composited with 100g of medical acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive without added plant essential oils, and a medical-grade polyurethane protective film was composited on its upper surface. The subsequent curing and die-cutting steps remained unchanged, and a hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch was obtained.

[0058] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 1, the molding process of the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton in step S3 was changed. The step of "injecting the slurry into a preheated mesh mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure" in step S3 was changed to "casting the degassed slurry into a flat mold". After hot pressing at 90°C and 0.3MPa for 10 minutes, a dense hydrocolloid film without mesh structure was obtained after cooling and demolding, which replaced the original mesh skeleton. All steps and parameters involving the composite with the skeleton in subsequent steps S4 and S5 remained unchanged, resulting in a hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0059] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 1, the addition of plant essential oil in step S4 was omitted. In step S4, only 100g of medical acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive base material was stirred and allowed to stand without adding 1.25g of plant essential oil to obtain ordinary pressure-sensitive adhesive. In subsequent step S5, this ordinary pressure-sensitive adhesive was used for coating and lamination, while all other steps and parameters remained unchanged to obtain hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

[0060] The performance of the hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch samples prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested. In the temperature regulation performance test, the anti-abrasion patch was cut into 5cm×5cm pieces and attached to a simulated hot plate with the surface temperature precisely controlled at 32°C. After the temperature stabilized, the temperature of the hot plate was quickly raised to 42°C to simulate intense friction and heat generation. The temperature change at the center point of the sample's upper surface was continuously monitored and recorded using an infrared thermal imager and embedded thermocouples. The temperature buffer amplitude (ΔT) was obtained by calculating the difference between the peak temperature reached by the sample's upper surface during the thermal shock stage and the set temperature of the hot plate (42°C). The larger the ΔT value, the stronger the ability of the anti-abrasion patch prepared by the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer to absorb and buffer heat, and the better its effect of immediately reducing the risk of skin overheating and improving thermal comfort.

[0061] The breathability test was conducted in accordance with GB / T 26253-2010 standard. The hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch sample (with the release film removed) was cut to a specified diameter and sealed in the mouth of a moisture-permeable cup containing desiccant. The moisture-permeable cup was placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 38℃ and 90% relative humidity. The sample was weighed periodically. The water vapor transmission rate of the sample was calculated based on the amount of water vapor transmitted per unit time. The result is expressed as g / (m²·24h). The higher the value, the better the breathability given by the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton structure, which can effectively wick away moisture, reduce the stuffy and damp feeling on the skin, and the higher the comfort of long-term application.

[0062] The holding power test was conducted in accordance with GB / T 4851-2014 standard. The hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch sample was cut into 25mm×25mm sizes and pasted onto a clean standard stainless steel test plate. It was rolled three times with a standard pressure roller. A 1.0kg standard weight was suspended at the bottom of the sample. The test plate was vertically fixed to the test frame, and the time (min) required for the sample to completely detach from the test plate was recorded. The longer the holding time, the stronger the cohesive strength and long-lasting adhesion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the better the product's anti-detachment and anti-displacement performance under dynamic conditions such as movement, and the higher the bonding reliability.

[0063] The 180° peel strength test was conducted in accordance with GB / T 2792-2014 standard. The sample was cut into strips 25 mm wide and 200 mm long, pasted onto a standard stainless steel test plate, rolled with a standard pressure roller, and left to stand in a standard environment for 20 minutes. The test plate was then fixed on a tensile testing machine, and 180° peeling was performed at a rate of 300 mm / min. The average force value (N / 25 mm) during the peeling process was recorded. When the peel strength value is within a moderate range, it indicates that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ensures firm adhesion while being easy to remove completely without damaging the skin or leaving adhesive residue, achieving the best balance between adhesion and ease of use.

[0064] All test results are the average of three parallel experiments, and the test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0065] Table 1 Performance test results of various hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patches

[0066] Project Group Temperature buffer range (°C) <![CDATA[Water vapor transmission rate / g·(m 2 ·24h) -1 > Holding time / min <![CDATA[180° peel strength / N·(25mm) -1 > Example 1 4.2 1250 ＞60 4.5 Example 2 3.9 1180 ＞60 4.8 Example 3 4.5 1320 ＞60 4.2 Comparative Example 1 0.5 1190 ＞60 6.8 Comparative Example 2 4.0 850 45 5.2 Comparative Example 3 4.3 1230 ＞60 7.5

[0067] As can be seen from the test data in Table 1, the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention exhibits significant advantages in temperature buffering, breathability, long-lasting adhesion, and comfortable removal by constructing a synergistic functional structure of an intelligent phase change microcapsule layer, a hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing plant essential oils. It effectively solves the problems of traditional anti-abrasion patches such as stuffiness, lack of temperature control, unstable adhesion, or discomfort during removal.

[0068] Example 1 demonstrates excellent temperature buffering, water vapor permeability, and peel strength, with a holding time exceeding 60 minutes, showcasing the comprehensive superiority of the core solution of this invention. Example 2 moderately adjusted the encapsulation rate of the phase change microcapsules and the pore size of the hydrocolloid mesh, resulting in slight fluctuations in temperature buffering and air permeability, but its core performance remained comprehensively superior to the comparative example, proving the adjustability of process parameters within a certain range. Example 3, through optimization of the phase change material ratio and mesh forming process, achieved optimal temperature control and air permeability, with the most suitable peel strength, demonstrating that with more precise material and structural control, the overall user experience of the product can be better.

[0069] The temperature buffer range of Comparative Example 1 is extremely low. The fundamental reason is that the material itself does not have the ability to store heat through phase change. It cannot absorb and buffer heat when friction generates heat, resulting in the lack of its temperature control function. This result proves that the introduction of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer is the core and necessary prerequisite for giving the product "intelligent temperature sensing" performance.

[0070] Comparative Example 2, due to the use of a meshless dense hydrocolloid film, had a significantly lower water vapor permeability and a significantly shorter holding time. This may be because the dense film severely hinders the expulsion of moisture, and the accumulation of sweat during long-term application leads to the wetting of the adhesive layer and a decrease in cohesive strength. This result proves that the three-dimensional permeable structure formed by the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton is the key design to achieve both high air permeability and maintain long-term adhesive reliability.

[0071] Comparative Example 3, which did not add plant essential oils to the pressure-sensitive adhesive, had a significantly higher 180° peel strength than all other examples. This indicates that it may produce a stronger skin pulling sensation upon removal. The root cause is the insufficient flexibility of the adhesive and the lack of plasticizing and soothing effects from plant essential oils, thus sacrificing the comfort and user experience during removal. This result confirms that adding specific plant essential oils to pressure-sensitive adhesives is crucial for achieving a balance between the contradictory properties of "firm adhesion" and "comfortable removal".

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch, characterized in that, Prepared by the following steps: Step 1: Using n-octadecane and n-tetradecane as phase change materials and zeolite adsorption as core materials, and carboxymethyl chitosan crosslinking network as wall material, intelligent phase change microcapsules are obtained. Then, they are mixed evenly with water-based polyurethane adhesive, coated and dried to obtain intelligent phase change microcapsule layers. Step 2: Mix gelatin, pectin and sodium methylcellulose, and inject the mixture into a grid-like mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure to form a hydrocolloid mesh skeleton; Step 3: Mix medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive with plant essential oils to prepare functional pressure-sensitive adhesive; Step 4: Hot-press the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer with one side of the hydrocolloid mesh skeleton, then coat the other side of the skeleton with functional pressure-sensitive adhesive, and finally cover with a protective film and anti-stick release paper to obtain the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch.

2. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot-pressing composite is performed at a temperature of 70-90℃ and a pressure of 0.3-0.6MPa for 15-45 seconds.

3. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps of the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive are as follows: Place the medical acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive in a mixing tank and stir the base material at a speed of 200-400 r / min at room temperature. Slowly add the plant essential oil drop by drop. After the essential oil is added, increase the stirring speed to 400-600 r / min and continue stirring for 30-60 min. After stirring, let the colloid stand for 15-30 min to eliminate air bubbles and obtain the functional pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The mass ratio of the medical-grade acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive to the plant essential oil is 100:0.5-2.

4. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plant essential oil is obtained by mixing menthol and wintergreen oil in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

5. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps of the hydrocolloid mesh framework are as follows: Gelatin is added to a torque rheometer and melted at 60-70℃ and 50-150r / min for 4-6min. Pectin and sodium methyl cellulose are added and mixed for 15-25min. The mixture is placed in a vacuum environment at 50-60℃ and allowed to stand for 20-40min. It is then injected into a preheated grid mold with a continuous interconnected channel structure and transferred to a flat vulcanizing machine. It is hot-pressed at 80-100℃ and 0.2-0.5MPa for 5-15min. The mold is cooled to 20-30℃ and cold-pressed at 2-5MPa for 1-3min. The pressure is released and the mold is demolded to obtain a hydrocolloid grid skeleton. The mass ratio of gelatin, pectin and sodium methylcellulose is 80-100:20-40:12-25.

6. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific preparation steps of the intelligent phase change microcapsule layer are as follows: Add the waterborne polyurethane adhesive to a mixing tank. Add dispersant D045 and smart phase change microcapsules sequentially at 300-500 rpm. Continue stirring for 10-15 minutes. Then add thickener HEUR-A and defoamer BYK-022. Continue stirring for 5-8 minutes. Let stand for 1-2 hours. Pour the mixture onto a release film and spread it into a uniform wet film with a thickness of 200-500 μm using a scraper. Dry the wet film at room temperature for 2-4 hours, and then dry it at 50-60℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the smart phase change microcapsule layer.

7. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the adhesive waterborne polyurethane, dispersant D045, smart phase change microcapsules, thickener HEUR-A and defoamer BYK-022 is 15-25:0.5-1:10-15:0.5-2:0.05-0.

10.

8. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific preparation method of the intelligent phase change microcapsules is as follows: Carboxymethyl chitosan and deionized water were added to a reaction vessel and stirred until dissolved. Then, composite phase change core material was added to the vessel and sheared at 5000-7000 r / min for 5-10 min to form a uniform suspension. Sodium tripolyphosphate, a crosslinking agent, was added at 400-600 r / min and stirred at 60-70℃ for 3-5 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was centrifuged, the filter cake was washed with deionized water at 50-60℃, and then vacuum dried to obtain intelligent phase change microcapsules. The ratio of carboxymethyl chitosan, deionized water, composite phase change core material and crosslinking agent sodium tripolyphosphate is 4-8g: 350-500mL: 12-20g: 2-4g.

9. The preparation method of the intelligent temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch according to claim 8, characterized in that, The composite phase change core material is composed of n-octadecane, n-tetradecane and zeolite in a mass ratio of 55-65:35-45:95-130.

10. A smart temperature-sensitive hydrocolloid anti-abrasion patch, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-9.