Foundation tamping device for civil construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil construction, and discloses a civil construction foundation tamping device which comprises a rigid frame, a U-shaped handle is arranged on the side edge of the top end of the rigid frame, the two sides of the bottom of the rigid frame are each provided with an L-shaped tamping plate, the corner of each L-shaped tamping plate forms an arc face, and the U-shaped handle is arranged on the side edge of the top end of the rigid frame. The end, away from the center of the rigid frame, of the L-shaped tamping plate is obliquely arranged in the direction away from the ground. The L-shaped tamping plate capable of synchronously and reversely transversely moving and rotating is arranged, and is matched with the positioning guide mechanism and the impact generation mechanism, so that a composite process of firstly scraping and shaping the ground surface and then intensively tamping the ground surface in a working cycle is realized, and the problems that the ground surface is easy to incline and is unevenly tamped during operation on the uneven ground surface are fundamentally solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of civil construction, and in particular to a foundation tamping device for civil construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of civil construction, foundation tamping is one of the key processes to ensure the stability of the engineering foundation. For the compaction of medium-shallow soil, small impact ramming devices are often used. Such devices are usually based on a hydraulic drive system, which uses a motor to drive an eccentric block to rotate at high speed, generating periodic centrifugal force, which is then converted into vertical high-frequency impact energy, acting on the ground to achieve the dense arrangement of soil particles. Due to its compact structure, light weight and flexible operation, it is particularly suitable for narrow sites or small area construction, and can be operated manually or by pushing, and is widely used in various foundation treatment, trench backfill and pavement repair scenes. The impact surface of the existing technology is designed as a simple flat plate structure, which relies on the direct contact between the flat bottom surface and the surface of the soil to be tamped to uniformly transmit the impact force to the working surface. This design can meet the basic tamping requirements under the condition of uniform soil and flat surface, and has certain practicality and economy.

[0003] However, with the increasing complexity of the construction environment, the limitations of the existing impact rammer gradually appear. Limited by the requirements of miniaturization and portability, the driving power of such devices is usually low, and the output impact energy is limited. The flat plate contact surface structure is not adaptable when dealing with complex terrain. When there are local soil bumps, high density or hard inclusions in the working area, the limited impact energy cannot completely flatten the bumps, and the rigid flat plate bottom surface is difficult to fully match them, which is prone to deflection or lateral slip under the impact reaction force, causing unstable working posture of the device, and even instantaneous tilting. This unstable working state not only disperses the impact energy, weakens the compaction effect on the target soil, causes uneven tamping and substandard density, but also increases the difficulty and safety risk of the operator due to the accidental jumping or deviation of the device. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize and improve the grounding structure and working stability of the existing small impact rammer to improve its construction quality and adaptability under non-ideal working conditions. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a foundation tamping device for civil construction to solve the technical problem of the flat plate contact surface tilting when dealing with local bumps.

[0005] The utility model provides a ground ramming device for civil engineering construction, which comprises a rigid frame, a U-shaped handle arranged on the side of the top end of the rigid frame, an L-shaped ramming plate arranged on each side of the bottom of the rigid frame, an arc surface formed at the corner of each L-shaped ramming plate, and an end of the L-shaped ramming plate away from the center of the rigid frame arranged in a direction away from the ground. A positioning and guiding mechanism arranged at the bottom of the rigid frame is used to constrain the two L-shaped ramming plates to perform synchronous and reverse lateral movement and to perform synchronous and reverse rotation. An impact generating mechanism arranged at the middle part of the rigid frame is used to apply a vertical downward impact force to the L-shaped ramming plates. When the impact generating mechanism applies a downward impact force to the L-shaped ramming plates, the two L-shaped ramming plates overcome the constraint of the positioning and guiding mechanism and move away from each other and rotate to a horizontal ramming posture. When the impact force disappears, the positioning and guiding mechanism drives the two L-shaped ramming plates to move close to each other and reset to an initial inclined posture.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the bottom of the rigid frame is provided with a relief notch corresponding to the L-shaped ramming plate. When the two L-shaped ramming plates rotate to the horizontal ramming posture, the bottom surface of the L-shaped ramming plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rigid frame.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the positioning and guiding mechanism comprises a transverse guide rod fixed transversely on the side of the bottom of the rigid frame, two sliding seats slidably sleeved on the transverse guide rod, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the side surface of each sliding seat, and an end of each rotating rod away from the sliding seat connected to the side wall of the corresponding L-shaped ramming plate. A vertical guide rod is vertically fixed at the central position of the bottom of the rigid frame, a sliding plate is slidably sleeved on the vertical guide rod, one end of a support rod rotatably connected to the side surface of the sliding plate, the other end of the support rod rotatably connected to the side surface of the sliding seat, and a reset spring arranged between the sliding plate and the rigid frame.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model, the impact generating mechanism comprises a guide column fixed vertically on the side of the rigid frame, a lifting platform slidably connected to the guide column, an installation frame fixed at the middle part of the lifting platform, a U-shaped support arranged at the bottom of the installation frame and matched with the L-shaped ramming plate, and a counterweight arranged in the installation frame.

[0009] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the top of the mounting frame is connected with a transmission rod, and the top of the rigid frame is provided with a lifting driving assembly for driving the transmission rod to drive the mounting frame and the counterweight to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The lifting driving assembly comprises bearing seats arranged on both sides of the rigid frame, the bearing seats are rotationally connected with driving shafts, the middle portions of the driving shafts are fixed with cranks, the middle portions of the cranks are rotationally connected with one ends of connecting rods, the other ends of the connecting rods are connected with the transmission rod, and the side surfaces of the rigid frame are provided with rotary driving devices for driving the driving shafts to rotate.

[0010] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the transmission rod and the mounting frame are in sliding fit, the top end of the transmission rod is provided with a rotating head rotationally connected with the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is provided with a limiting plate.

[0011] As a preferred technical scheme of the present application, the middle portion of the U-shaped handle is rotationally connected with an anti-skid sleeve, and the side wall of the rigid frame is further fixedly provided with a lifting handle for assisting lifting.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The compound process of "shaping first and tamping later" is realized: through the forced unfolding and rotating movement of the L-shaped tamper plate under the action of impact force, the surface leveling function and the impact tamping function are innovatively integrated in a single device and a single working cycle. This fundamentally solves the industry problem of uneven stress and poor effect when directly tamping the uneven or loose surface, and is especially suitable for the working conditions of backfill soil, gravel base and the like with poor initial flatness.

[0013] 2. The operation stability and tamping quality are significantly improved: the unique positioning and guiding mechanism ensures the accurate controllability of the movement track of the L-shaped tamper plate, so that it can stably maintain a horizontal posture at the moment of impact. In combination with the complete fitting design of the U-shaped support and the L-shaped tamper plate, it is ensured that the impact force is vertically and uniformly transmitted to the ground, effectively eliminating the phenomena of device tilting and jumping, so that more uniform and more compact tamping effect is obtained, and the engineering quality is improved.

[0014] 3. The device has intelligent intermittent movement capability: the device takes advantage of the characteristics of the instantaneous reduction of ground pressure in the "empty sliding stage" of the impact cycle to provide a natural time window for the operator to move the device with low resistance. This enables the device to quickly and labor-savingly switch between tamping points without stopping the impact operation, improves the operation efficiency and continuity, and reduces the operation strength.

[0015] 4、 Optimized force transmission path, protected the drive system: the "soft impact" design of the transmission rod and the sliding connection of the installation frame makes the counterweight block that produces a huge impact force mechanically decoupled from the crank linkage mechanism of the drive system at the moment of impact. The drive system is only responsible for smoothly lifting the counterweight block to store energy, without having to bear the huge recoil load when ramming, greatly extending the service life of the motor, reducer and other key drive components, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0016] 5、 Good structural rigidity, strong adaptability and adjustability: the design of the rigid frame and the independent force transmission path (U-shaped support straight transmission ramming plate) makes the main structure immune to impact fatigue, with high overall reliability. The replaceable design of the counterweight block allows the impact energy to be flexibly adjusted according to construction requirements, enhancing the working condition adaptability of the equipment.

[0017] 6、 Good ergonomics design: the rotatable anti-slip handle sleeve effectively reduces vibration, the lifting handle facilitates transportation, the entire working cycle is highly automated, operation is simple and intuitive, significantly improving the work experience and safety of construction personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an impact generating mechanism in a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a foundation ramming device for civil construction when the L-shaped ramming plate is in an inclined state.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an installation frame in a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning and guiding mechanism in a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0025] Figure 7It is a kind of rigid frame structure diagram of a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a kind of structure diagram of L-shaped ramming plate in horizontal state in a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a kind of structure diagram of U-shaped support and L-shaped ramming plate cooperation in a foundation ramming device for civil construction.

[0028] In the figure: 1, rigid frame; 2, L-shaped ramming plate; 3, avoiding notch; 4, lifting handle; 5, U-shaped handle; 6, anti-skid sleeve; 7, impact generating mechanism; 8, positioning guide mechanism; 9, bearing seat; 10, driving shaft; 11, crank; 12, connecting rod; 13, rotary drive device; 14, lifting drive assembly; 15, guide column; 16, lifting platform; 17, U-shaped support; 18, mounting frame; 19, counterweight; 20, transmission rod; 21, limiting plate; 22, rotating head; 23, transverse guide rod; 24, sliding seat; 25, return spring; 26, support rod; 27, sliding plate; 28, rotating rod; 29, vertical guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The utility model provides a kind of ground rammer for civil engineering, including rigid frame 1, the rigid frame 1 constitutes the skeleton and carrier of entire device, it is preferably by high-strength metal section (such as square steel pipe or channel steel) by welding connection and become cuboid or cage structure.This structure ensures that rigid frame 1 has enough rigidity and overall stability when bearing high-frequency impact and complex load, effectively prevent the matching accuracy of each moving part from being influenced by the deformation of rigid frame 1.A U-shaped handle 5 is fixedly arranged at the right side of the top end of rigid frame 1.The U-shaped handle 5 is used as main operating part, and is held by operator to control the moving direction and operating position of device.In view of the continuous vibration in the process of operation, to further improve the operation comfort and safety, a relative rotating anti-skid sleeve 6 is sleeved in the middle of U-shaped handle 5.The anti-skid sleeve 6 is usually made of rubber or elastic plastic, and the rotating connection design can absorb and isolate the high-frequency vibration transmitted by handle to a certain extent, reduce the fatigue feeling of operator's hand.In addition, lifting handle 4 is also fixedly arranged at other positions (such as front and rear end faces) of the top of rigid frame 1, to facilitate the carrying and disassembling of device.The structure of lifting handle 4 is not limited, which can be simple ring or horizontal rod, to facilitate two people to lift and place device to transport vehicle.

[0031] An L-shaped ramming plate 2 is arranged at the left and right sides of the bottom of rigid frame 1 respectively, and the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 are suspended and connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of rigid frame 1 by positioning guide mechanism 8 described later.Each L-shaped ramming plate 2 is in the shape of "L".In initial state (i.e.non-impact state), the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 are arranged oppositely, and the end (outer end) of L-shaped ramming plate 2 away from the center of rigid frame 1 extends upwardly and obliquely, and the whole ramming plate is in the shape of "8".The oblique design makes the outer edge or arc surface of L-shaped ramming plate 2 possibly contact with the ground when the device is moving or waiting, so as to reduce the moving resistance.

[0032] Especially, the "L" corner of L-shaped ramming plate 2 is processed into smooth arc transition structure.The arc design has multiple effects: first, when L-shaped ramming plate 2 slides transversely relative to the ground (such as scraping stage), the arc can significantly reduce the scraping resistance between the arc and the protrusions on the ground, so that the sliding is more smooth;Second, the arc is conducive to guiding the expected rotation of L-shaped ramming plate 2 when subjected to lateral force;Third, the structural strength of the stress concentration area is enhanced to prevent cracking.

[0033] At the bottom of the rigid frame 1, corresponding to the movement track of the two L-shaped tamper plates 2, left and right symmetrical avoiding notches 3 are formed. The avoiding notches 3 are the key design of the frame structure, and the size is accurately calculated to provide sufficient space for the lateral movement and rotational swing of the L-shaped tamper plates 2 in the whole working cycle, completely avoiding any form of mechanical interference of the bottom structure of the rigid frame 1 to the action of the L-shaped tamper plates 2. The positioning guide mechanism 8 and the impact generating mechanism 7 are also included.

[0034] The positioning guide mechanism 8 is arranged at the bottom of the rigid frame 1, and through the positioning guide mechanism 8, the two L-shaped tamper plates 2 can only move horizontally in the left and right directions, and the two L-shaped tamper plates 2 can only synchronously reverse. The impact generating mechanism 7 is arranged at the center position of the rigid frame 1, and the impact generating mechanism 7 applies a stable impact force downward to the L-shaped tamper plates 2, thereby providing a mutual separation force of the L-shaped tamper plates 2 and a force for ground compaction. When the impact generating mechanism 7 applies an impact force downward, the two L-shaped tamper plates 2 will expand to the left and right sides and extend to the outside of the rigid frame 1, and when the L-shaped tamper plates 2 are rotated to a horizontal state, the impact force of the impact generating mechanism 7 is stably transmitted to the L-shaped tamper plates 2, and the L-shaped tamper plates 2 transmit the impact force to the ground. Conversely, when the downward impact force of the impact generating mechanism 7 disappears, the positioning guide mechanism 8 will collect the two L-shaped tamper plates 2, so that the opposite end of the L-shaped tamper plates 2 is lifted upward, so that the L-shaped tamper plates 2 wait for the arrival of the next impact force.

[0035] In one case of the embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the positioning guide mechanism 8 includes two lateral guide rods 23 transversely fixed to the side edges of the bottom of the rigid frame 1. The two lateral guide rods 23 are preferably arranged in parallel on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the rigid frame 1 and are firmly connected to the rigid frame 1 through the fixed seat. Each lateral guide rod 23 is sleeved with two sliding seats 24 that can freely slide along the rod body (i.e. four sliding seats 24 in total, two on each side). The side surface of each sliding seat 24 is rotatably connected with a rotating rod 28. The other end of the rotating rod 28 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the corresponding L-shaped tamper plate 2. Through this composite connection mode (sliding seat 24, rotating rod 28 and L-shaped tamper plate 2), the lateral guide rod 23 strictly limits the L-shaped tamper plate 2 to move only in the horizontal left and right directions (achieved by sliding of the sliding seat 24), while allowing the L-shaped tamper plate 2 to rotate within a certain angle range around the connection point of the L-shaped tamper plate 2 and the rotating rod 28. Since the front and rear rotating rods 28 act synchronously, it is ensured that the L-shaped tamper plates 2 will not be skewed during lateral movement, and the movement track is accurately controllable.

[0036] A vertical guide rod 29 is vertically arranged at the center of the bottom of the rigid frame 1, and two vertical guide rods 29 are arranged at the front and rear sides of the rigid frame 1 respectively. A sliding plate 27 is slidably sleeved at the middle part of the vertical guide rod 29. The left and right sides of the sliding plate 27 are respectively rotatably connected to the upper end of a support rod 26 through a hinge shaft. The lower end of each support rod 26 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the sliding seat 24 on the corresponding side (left side or right side) through a hinge shaft. Thus, the sliding plate 27, the two support rods 26 and the two sliding seats 24 form a mechanism similar to the "isosceles triangle apex linkage". When the sliding plate 27 moves up and down along the vertical guide rod 29, the two sliding seats 24 are synchronously driven to move away from or close to each other along the horizontal guide rod 23 through the two inclined support rods 26.

[0037] A return spring 25 (or other elastic elements with similar functions) is sleeved outside the vertical guide rod 29 between the sliding plate 27 and the bottom beam of the rigid frame 1. The return spring 25 is in a compressed or pre-tightened state in the natural state, and its elastic force always acts on the sliding plate 27 to try to push it upward. According to the linkage relationship described above, this upward force is transmitted through the support rod 26 and finally converted into a horizontal pulling force that drives the two sliding seats 24 to move closer to each other. Therefore, at any moment when the impact generating mechanism 7 does not exert a downward impact force, the pre-tightening force of the return spring 25 makes the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 have a tendency to close to each other and maintain the initial inclined posture.

[0038] In one case of the present embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The impact generating mechanism 7 is the kinetic core of the device, which is installed in the middle space of the rigid frame 1 and is mainly responsible for converting driving energy into periodic, vertically downward high-energy impact force, and finally acting on the L-shaped ramming plate 2 through a specific force transmission path. The impact generating mechanism 7 includes guide columns 15 arranged vertically on the left and right sides of the rigid frame 1, the upper end of the guide column 15 is fixed to the top of the rigid frame 1, and the lower end is fixed above the bottom avoiding notch 3, forming a stable vertical support. A lifting platform 16 is slidably connected with the left and right guide columns 15 through linear bearings or bushings and the like, so that it is strictly limited to only move vertically.

[0039] A mounting frame 18 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lifting platform 16. The mounting frame 18 is usually a rigidly welded box or frame structure, and the inside of the mounting frame 18 contains replaceable counterweights 19. The weight of the counterweights 19 can be selected and adjusted according to different soil and different tamping depth requirements, which is the key to realizing adjustable impact energy. U-shaped supports 17 are fixed to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the mounting frame 18. The opening of the U-shaped support 17 is upward, and the lower part is a horizontally arranged pressure bearing beam. The ingenious part of this design is that when the mounting frame 18 drives the U-shaped support 17 to descend, the lower surface of the horizontal pressure bearing beam will accurately and simultaneously cover the upper surfaces of the left and right L-shaped ramming plates 2 at the same time. When the L-shaped ramming plate 2 is in a horizontal ramming posture, the pressure bearing beam of the U-shaped support 17 and the upper surface of the L-shaped ramming plate 2 realize large-area, full-contact fitting, which ensures the efficiency and uniformity of the impact force transmission. More importantly, this "air-to-air" transmission mode allows the huge impact force to be directly applied to the L-shaped ramming plate 2 through the U-shaped support 17, without passing through the main structure of the rigid frame 1, greatly reducing the risk of impact fatigue of the frame for a long time, and improving the reliability and life of the whole machine.

[0040] In order to drive the mounting frame 18 and the counterweights 19 to perform periodic lifting movement, a lifting drive assembly 14 is arranged at the top of the rigid frame 1. The lifting drive assembly 14 includes a transversely (for example, front-to-back) arranged drive shaft 10, which is supported on the top of the rigid frame 1 by a bearing seat 9. A crank 11 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the drive shaft 10. The middle of the crank 11 is rotatably connected to the upper end of a connecting rod 12 through a hinge point, and the lower end of the connecting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the top end of a transmission rod 20. The transmission rod 20 vertically penetrates the top of the mounting frame 18 and forms a sliding fit therewith, that is, the transmission rod 20 can freely slide in the vertical direction relative to the mounting frame 18 by a predetermined stroke. A limiting plate 21 with a limiting diameter larger than the hole diameter is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the transmission rod 20 to prevent the transmission rod 20 from being completely pulled out of the mounting frame 18, and a rotating head 22 (such as a ball head or a hinge joint) is arranged at the top end of the transmission rod 20 to flexibly connect with the lower end of the connecting rod 12.

[0041] The rotating power of the drive shaft 10 is derived from a rotary drive device 13 fixed to the side of the rigid frame 1. The rotary drive device 13 usually adopts a shockproof motor and is connected with the drive shaft 10 through a belt, a chain or a shaft coupling. The rotary drive device 13 drives the drive shaft 10 to rotate, and then converts the rotary motion into reciprocating linear motion of the transmission rod 20 through the crank 11 connecting rod 12 mechanism.

[0042] Finally, the cooperative relationship and key position state between the components are described.

[0043] In the initial state, the two sliding seats 24 are in the closest position to each other by the reset spring 25 through the sliding plate 27 and the support rod 26. At this time, the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 are folded, and the opposite inner ends thereof can be slightly in contact or close to each other, and the L-shaped ramming plates 2 maintain the inclined posture with the inner ends thereof lifted due to the constraint of the rotating rod 28 and the possible existence of the plate end shape fitting (for example, the inner ends are designed as mutually slidable inclined surfaces or curved surfaces). The U-shaped support 17 is in the upper position and does not contact the L-shaped ramming plates 2.

[0044] When the impact generating mechanism 7 works, the transmission rod 20 descends under the driving of the rotating driving assembly. In the initial stage, the transmission rod 20 pushes the mounting frame 18 and the counterweight 19 to descend together through the rotating head 22. When the horizontal pressure bearing beam of the U-shaped support 17 contacts the L-shaped ramming plates 2 which are still in the inclined state, the downward pressure starts to act on the L-shaped ramming plates 2. The pressure generates two force effects: one is the horizontal component force which overcomes the tension of the reset spring 25 and forces the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 to separate to both sides along the transverse guide rod 23 through the sliding seats 24; the other is the vertical component force which forms a moment with the ground reaction force and promotes the L-shaped ramming plates 2 to rotate around the hinge joint thereof with the rotating rod 28. Under the precise constraint of the positioning guide mechanism 8, the two actions are coupled and synchronously reversed. As the L-shaped ramming plates 2 continue to move outward and rotate, the bottom surfaces of the L-shaped ramming plates 2 gradually tend to be horizontal.

[0045] When the L-shaped ramming plates 2 are completely rotated to the horizontal ramming posture, two key states are simultaneously achieved: first, the ramming bottom surfaces of the L-shaped ramming plates 2 are lowered to positions below the bottom surface of the rigid frame 1. At this time, the weight of the entire device and the subsequent impact force will be completely transmitted to the ground through the two L-shaped ramming plates 2, and the body of the rigid frame 1 is "lifted" and is out of contact or only slightly in contact with the ground, which ensures the effective use of the impact energy and the flatness of the ground after ramming. Second, the pressure bearing beam of the U-shaped support 17 completely matches the upper surfaces of the L-shaped ramming plates 2, and a rigid impact transmission path from the counterweight 19 to the ground is established. Subsequently, the counterweight 19 is rapidly dropped under the combined action of the gravitational acceleration and the driving force, and the huge impact force is completely released to the ground through the perfect contact surface, and one efficient ramming is completed.

[0046] After the impact ends, the entire movement process is reversed under the strong restoring force of the reset spring 25 and as the transmission rod 20 rises, the L-shaped ramming plates 2 are folded and restored to the inclined posture, which is ready for the next "expansion-impact" cycle.

[0047] Based on the above specific structure, one complete working cycle of the foundation ramming device can be divided into the following stages, and the dynamics process and the mechanism linkage are as follows: Stage one: device positioning and starting After the ramming device is transported to the construction site by the transport tool, the operator uses the lifting handle 4 or directly pushes the device to place it in the area to be rammed. Start the rotary drive device 13, and the motor starts to operate at a set speed, driving the drive shaft 10, the crank 11, and the connecting rod 12 to work, thereby driving the transmission rod 20 to start its reciprocating lifting stroke.

[0048] Phase two: counterweight lifting and frame pre-pressing (energy storage phase) When the crank 11 rotates to the upper half of the movement from the lower dead point, the transmission rod 20 is pulled up by the connecting rod 12. In the initial moment of the transmission rod 20 rising, the installed frame 18 and the counterweight 19 may not follow due to inertia. However, soon the limiting plate 21 at the bottom of the transmission rod 20 will contact the top of the installed frame 18 and drive it to accelerate upward together. In this phase, the rotary drive device 13 provides power to lift the counterweight 19 from a low position to a high position, converting electrical energy into gravitational potential energy of the counterweight 19. During this lifting process, since the entire device is supported by the L-shaped ramming plate 2 (which may be in an inclined or horizontal state) that has contacted the ground, the counterforce generated by the lifting of the counterweight 19 will be partially applied to the rigid frame 1, making the total pressure of the device on the ground greater than its static weight, and the L-shaped ramming plate 2 maintains a stable static pressure on the ground, which helps the device to remain stable in the working position.

[0049] Phase three: transmission decoupling and device transverse movement preparation (empty sliding phase) When the crank 11 rotates over the upper dead point and starts to move downward, the connecting rod 12 starts to push the transmission rod 20 downward. However, the counterweight 19 at the high position may temporarily lag behind the transmission rod 20 being pushed due to inertia. At this moment, the sliding connection characteristics between the transmission rod 20 and the installed frame 18 are crucial: the transmission rod 20 can independently slide downward a certain distance relative to the installed frame 18, while the installed frame 18 and the counterweight 19 undergo a complex process of a short "hovering" or decelerating upward and then free falling under the combined action of gravity and inertia. At this moment, the weight and impact force of the counterweight 19 are not fully transmitted to the impact generating mechanism 7 through the transmission rod 20, achieving "soft decoupling" of the impact load and the drive system, effectively protecting the motor, crank 11, connecting rod 12, and other precision drive components from the huge impact force. At the same time, since the downward force of the counterweight 19 on the rigid frame 1 temporarily decreases or disappears, the total pressure of the device on the ground decreases sharply, and may even be less than the weight of the device, resulting in a significant reduction in the friction between the L-shaped ramming plate 2 and the ground. The operator can sensitively perceive this power gap and easily push or pull the entire device through the U-shaped handle 5 to move it transversely to the next ramming point. At the same time of moving, the tension of the reset spring 25 causes the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 to quickly approach each other and restore the inclined posture of the inner end raised, preparing for the scraping operation in the new position.

[0050] Phase Four: Weight Falling and Surface Smoothing (Shaping Phase) When the inertia of the weight 19 is completely overcome and starts to accelerate under the action of gravity, the transmission rod 20 can have already moved down a distance in advance. Subsequently, the weight 19 and the mounting frame 18 enter the free-falling or controlled-falling phase. The U-shaped bracket 17 at the bottom of the mounting frame 18 first contacts the L-shaped ramming plate 2 that has returned to the inclined position. The downward pressure immediately acts on the L-shaped ramming plate 2. As previously described, this pressure is decomposed into horizontal components and moments, forcing the two L-shaped ramming plates 2 to overcome the resistance of the reset springs 25 and expand to both sides. In the process of expanding the lateral movement, the horizontal ramming surface of the L-shaped ramming plate 2, especially its leading arc transition structure, slides like a scraper from the center of the area to be rammed to both sides. This action can effectively lift and spread the small range of soil and preliminarily pre-press the loose filler to a new position. This "smoothing" function is the core step of the device to overcome the initial unevenness of the ground, creating a relatively flat "working surface" for the subsequent powerful impact compaction to create uniform stress conditions.

[0051] Phase Five: Establishment of Rigid Impact Force Transmission and Impact Compaction (Core Working Phase) As the L-shaped ramming plate 2 fully expands and rotates to the horizontal position, the pressure-bearing beam of the U-shaped bracket 17 fully contacts the upper surface of the L-shaped ramming plate 2, establishing a rigid impact force transmission channel. At this moment, the huge kinetic energy of the high-speed falling weight 19 is transmitted vertically and without loss through the U-shaped bracket 17 to the L-shaped ramming plate 2 and is instantly released onto the smoothed ground surface. The impact energy causes the soil particles to move violently, overcoming the friction and cohesion between particles, rearranging to a more dense state, and compressing the pores, thereby achieving efficient compaction. Since the L-shaped ramming plate 2 is already in a horizontal position and has a moderate area, the impact force is vertically downward and uniformly distributed, completely avoiding the tilting and bouncing problems of traditional flat ramming plates on uneven ground, ensuring the uniformity and depth consistency of the compaction effect.

[0052] Phase Six: Reset and Cycle After a powerful impact is completed, the L-shaped ramming plate 2 begins to fold and reset under the action of the reset spring 25. At the same time, the crank 11 has reached the lower dead center and is ready to rotate upward again, and the transmission rod 20 begins to rise, preparing to enter "Phase Two" of the next working cycle. This continues in a cycle, achieving continuous and intermittent automatic compaction work.

[0053] The application provides a foundation ramming device for civil construction, which is characterized by the L-shaped ramming plate 2 capable of synchronous reverse horizontal movement and rotation, the positioning guide mechanism 8 and the impact generating mechanism 7, so that the complex process of 'first flattening and shaping, then concentrated ramming' on the ground in one working cycle is realized, and the problems of easy inclination and uneven ramming when working on uneven ground are fundamentally solved. The unique U-shaped support 17 directly adheres to the force transmission of the ramming plate, and the transmission rod 20 is slidingly connected with the mounting frame 18, so that the impact force is uniformly transmitted to the ground vertically, and the mechanical decoupling of the impact load and the driving system is realized, effectively protecting the driving components. In addition, the device automatically reduces the ground pressure by using the impact gap, which is convenient for the operator to move and saves labor, and significantly improves the operation continuity, ramming quality stability and equipment service life.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A ground base tamping device for civil engineering works, comprising a rigid frame, the side edges of the top end of which are provided with U-shaped grips, characterized in that, The two sides of the rigid frame bottom are respectively provided with an L-shaped tamper plate, the corner of each L-shaped tamper plate is formed as an arc surface, and the end of the L-shaped tamper plate away from the center of the rigid frame is obliquely arranged towards the direction away from the ground, and the device further comprises a positioning guide mechanism and an impact generating mechanism; The positioning guide mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rigid frame and is used for restricting the two L-shaped tamper plates to perform synchronous and reverse lateral movement and to perform synchronous and reverse rotation; The impact generating mechanism is arranged at the middle of the rigid frame and is used for applying a vertical downward impact force to the L-shaped tamper plates; The positioning guide mechanism comprises a lateral guide rod fixed laterally on the bottom side of the rigid frame, two sliding seats are slidingly sleeved on the lateral guide rod, the side surface of each sliding seat is rotationally connected with a rotating rod, the end of each rotating rod away from the sliding seat is connected with the side wall of the corresponding L-shaped tamper plate, a vertical guide rod is vertically fixed at the center of the bottom of the rigid frame, a sliding plate is slidingly sleeved on the vertical guide rod, the two side surfaces of the sliding plate are rotationally connected with one end of a support rod, the other end of the support rod is rotationally connected with the side surface of the sliding seat, and a return spring is arranged between the sliding plate and the rigid frame; When the impact generating mechanism applies a downward impact force to the L-shaped tamper plates, the two L-shaped tamper plates move away from each other and rotate to a horizontal tampering posture by overcoming the restriction of the positioning guide mechanism; when the impact force disappears, the positioning guide mechanism drives the two L-shaped tamper plates to move close to each other and return to the initial inclined posture.

2. The ground ramming device for civil engineering construction according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the rigid frame is provided with two avoiding notches corresponding to the L-shaped tamper plates, and when the two L-shaped tamper plates rotate to the horizontal tampering posture, the bottom surface of the L-shaped tamper plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rigid frame.

3. The foundation tamping device for civil engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact generating mechanism comprises a guide column vertically fixed on the side surface of the rigid frame, a lifting platform is slidingly connected on the guide column, a mounting frame is fixed at the middle of the lifting platform, a U-shaped support matched with the L-shaped tamper plate is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame, and a counterweight is arranged in the mounting frame.

4. The foundation tamping device for civil engineering construction according to claim 3, characterized in that The top of the mounting frame is connected with a transmission rod, and a lifting driving assembly is arranged at the top of the rigid frame and is used for driving the transmission rod to drive the mounting frame and the counterweight to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

5. The ground ramming device for civil engineering construction according to claim 4, wherein The lifting driving assembly comprises bearing seats arranged on the two sides of the rigid frame, a driving shaft rotationally connected with the bearing seats, a crank fixed at the middle of the driving shaft, a connecting rod rotationally connected with one end of the crank, and a transmission rod connected with the other end of the connecting rod, and a rotary driving device is arranged on the side surface of the rigid frame and is used for driving the driving shaft to rotate.

6. The foundation tamping device for civil engineering works according to claim 5, characterized in that The transmission rod and the mounting frame are in sliding fit, the top end of the transmission rod is provided with a rotating head rotationally connected with the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is provided with a limiting plate.

7. The foundation tamping device for civil engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized by The middle of the U-shaped handle is rotationally connected with an anti-skid sleeve, and a lifting handle for assisting lifting is further fixed on the side wall of the rigid frame.

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