A foundation ramming device for civil construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of civil construction, and discloses a foundation tamping device for civil construction, which comprises a rigid frame, the side edge of the top end of the rigid frame is provided with a U-shaped handle, the two sides of the bottom of the rigid frame are respectively provided with an L-shaped tamping plate, the corners of the L-shaped tamping plates are formed into cambered surfaces, and the end, away from the center of the rigid frame, of the L-shaped tamping plate is obliquely arranged in a direction away from the ground, and the device further comprises a positioning and guiding mechanism and an impact generating mechanism. The L-shaped tamping plate is arranged to be synchronously reversely transversely moved and rotated, cooperates with the positioning and guiding mechanism and the impact generating mechanism, realizes the composite process of 'firstly scraping and shaping and then concentrating tamping' on the ground in one working cycle, and fundamentally solves the problems of easy inclination and uneven tamping when working on the uneven ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering construction technology, specifically a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction. Background Technology

[0002] In civil engineering, foundation compaction is a crucial step in ensuring the stability of the engineering foundation. For compaction of shallow to medium-depth soil, small impact rammers are commonly used. These devices are typically hydraulically driven, using a motor to rotate an eccentric block at high speed, generating periodic centrifugal force, which is then converted into high-frequency vertical impact energy. This energy acts on the ground to achieve a dense arrangement of soil particles. Due to their compact structure, light weight, and flexible operation, they are particularly suitable for construction in narrow spaces or small areas. They can often be operated manually by hand or by pushing, and are widely used in various foundation treatments, trench backfilling, and road repairs. Existing impact rammers of this type often feature a simple planar plate structure on the impact surface. The impact force is transmitted relatively evenly to the working surface through direct contact between the bottom of the plate and the surface of the soil to be compacted. This design can achieve basic compaction requirements under conditions of uniform soil and a flat surface, demonstrating practicality and economy.

[0003] However, with the increasing complexity of construction environments, the limitations of existing impact rammers are becoming increasingly apparent. Constrained by requirements for miniaturization and portability, these devices typically have low drive power and limited impact energy output. Their flat-plate contact surface structure is insufficiently adaptable to complex terrain. When the work area has localized soil bulges, high density, or hard inclusions, the limited impact energy cannot completely flatten the bulges, and the rigid flat plate bottom surface cannot adequately adhere to them. This makes the equipment prone to deflection or lateral slippage under the impact reaction force, leading to unstable working posture and even momentary tilting. This unstable working state not only disperses the impact energy, weakening the compaction effect on the target soil and causing uneven compaction and substandard density, but also increases the difficulty of operation and safety risks for operators due to unexpected equipment jumps or deviations. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize and improve the grounding structure and working stability of existing small impact rammers to enhance their construction quality and adaptability under non-ideal working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a foundation compaction device for civil construction, so as to solve the technical problem of the flat contact surface in the prior art causing the local heave of soil to become skewed.

[0005] A foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction includes a rigid frame, a U-shaped handle on the side of the top of the rigid frame, and an L-shaped tamping plate on each side of the bottom of the rigid frame. The corners of each L-shaped tamping plate are formed into arc surfaces, and the end of the L-shaped tamping plate away from the center of the rigid frame is inclined in the direction away from the ground. It also includes a positioning and guiding mechanism and an impact generating mechanism.

[0006] A positioning and guiding mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rigid frame to constrain the two L-shaped tamping plates to perform synchronous and opposite lateral movements, and to constrain the two L-shaped tamping plates to perform synchronous and opposite rotations.

[0007] An impact generating mechanism, located in the middle of the rigid frame, is used to apply a vertically downward impact force to the L-shaped ramming plate;

[0008] When the impact generating mechanism applies a downward impact force to the L-shaped tamping plate, the two L-shaped tamping plates overcome the constraint of the positioning and guiding mechanism and move away from each other, rotating to a horizontal tamping posture; when the impact force disappears, the positioning and guiding mechanism drives the two L-shaped tamping plates to move closer to each other and reset to the initial tilted posture.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom sides of the rigid frame are provided with clearance notches corresponding to the L-shaped tamping plates. When the two L-shaped tamping plates rotate to the horizontal tamping posture, the bottom surface of the L-shaped tamping plates is lower than the bottom surface of the rigid frame.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positioning and guiding mechanism includes a transverse guide rod fixedly mounted on the bottom side of the rigid frame. Two sliding seats are slidably sleeved on the transverse guide rod. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the side of each sliding seat. The end of each rotating rod away from the sliding seat is connected to the side wall of the corresponding L-shaped impact plate. A vertical guide rod is vertically fixed at the bottom center of the rigid frame. A sliding plate is slidably sleeved on the vertical guide rod. One end of a support rod is rotatably connected to both sides of the sliding plate, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding seat. A return spring is provided between the sliding plate and the rigid frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the impact generating mechanism includes a guide column vertically fixed to the side of the rigid frame, a lifting platform slidably connected to the guide column, an installation frame fixed in the middle of the lifting platform, a U-shaped bracket adapted to the L-shaped ramming plate at the bottom of the installation frame, and a counterweight block inside the installation frame.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a transmission rod is connected to the top of the mounting frame, and a lifting drive assembly is provided on the top of the rigid frame for driving the transmission rod to reciprocate the mounting frame and the counterweight in the vertical direction. The lifting drive assembly includes bearing seats disposed on both sides of the rigid frame, with a drive shaft rotatably connected to each bearing seat. A crank is fixed to the middle of the drive shaft, and one end of a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the crank. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the transmission rod. A rotary drive device for driving the drive shaft to rotate is provided on the side of the rigid frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission rod and the mounting frame are in a sliding fit, the top end of the transmission rod is provided with a rotating head that is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is provided with a limit plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the U-shaped handle is rotatably connected to an anti-slip sleeve in the middle, and the side wall of the rigid frame is also fixedly provided with a lifting handle for assisting in lifting.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. A composite process of "shaping first, then compacting": By using the forced unfolding and rotational movement of the L-shaped tamping plate under impact force, the surface leveling and shaping function and the impact compaction function are innovatively integrated into a single device and a single work cycle. This fundamentally solves the industry problem of uneven force and poor effect when directly compacting uneven or loose surfaces, and is especially suitable for working conditions with poor initial flatness, such as backfill soil and crushed stone base courses.

[0017] 2. Significantly improved operational stability and compaction quality: The unique positioning and guiding mechanism ensures precise control of the L-shaped tamping plate's trajectory, allowing it to maintain a stable horizontal posture during impact. Combined with the perfectly fitting design of the U-shaped bracket and the L-shaped tamping plate, this guarantees that the impact force is transmitted vertically and evenly to the ground, effectively preventing equipment tilting and bouncing, resulting in a more uniform and denser compaction effect and improving project quality.

[0018] 3. Intelligent intermittent movement capability: Utilizing the instantaneous reduction in ground pressure during the "no-load gliding phase" of the impact cycle, the device provides operators with a natural time window for low-resistance movement of equipment. This allows the device to achieve rapid and labor-saving switching between impact points without stopping the impact operation, improving work efficiency and continuity while reducing operational intensity.

[0019] 4. Optimized force transmission path and protection of the drive system: The "soft impact" design, which involves a sliding connection between the transmission rod and the mounting frame, mechanically decouples the counterweight, which generates a huge impact force, from the crank-connecting rod mechanism of the drive system at the moment of impact. The drive system is only responsible for smoothly lifting the counterweight to store energy, without having to bear the huge recoil load during impact. This greatly extends the service life of key drive components such as the motor and reducer, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0020] 5. High structural rigidity, adaptability, and adjustability: The rigid frame and independent force transmission path (U-shaped support directly transmitting to the impact plate) design protect the main structure from impact fatigue, resulting in high overall reliability. The replaceable counterweight design allows for flexible adjustment of impact energy according to construction requirements, enhancing the equipment's adaptability to various working conditions.

[0021] 6. Excellent ergonomic design: The rotatable non-slip grip effectively reduces shock, the lifting handle facilitates handling, the entire work cycle is highly automated, the operation is simple and intuitive, and it significantly improves the working experience and safety of construction workers. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of a foundation compaction device used in civil engineering construction.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impact generating mechanism in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an L-shaped tamping plate in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction, when the plate is in an inclined state.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation frame in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding mechanism in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction.

[0029] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the rigid frame structure in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an L-shaped tamping plate in a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction when it is in a horizontal state.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a foundation compaction device for civil engineering construction, showing the cooperation between a U-shaped support and an L-shaped tamping plate.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Rigid frame; 2. L-shaped impact plate; 3. Clearance notch; 4. Lifting handle; 5. U-shaped grip; 6. Anti-slip sleeve; 7. Impact generating mechanism; 8. Positioning and guiding mechanism; 9. Bearing seat; 10. Drive shaft; 11. Crank; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Rotary drive device; 14. Lifting drive assembly; 15. Guide column; 16. Lifting platform; 17. U-shaped bracket; 18. Mounting frame; 19. Counterweight; 20. Transmission rod; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Rotating head; 23. Horizontal guide rod; 24. Sliding seat; 25. Return spring; 26. Support rod; 27. Sliding plate; 28. Rotating rod; 29. ​​Vertical guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9A foundation compaction device for civil construction includes a rigid frame 1, which forms the skeleton and load-bearing body of the entire device. The rigid frame 1 is preferably a cubic or cage-like structure made of high-strength metal profiles (such as square steel pipes or channel steel) connected by welding. This structure ensures that the rigid frame 1 has sufficient rigidity and overall stability when subjected to high-frequency impacts and complex loads, effectively preventing deformation of the rigid frame 1 from affecting the matching accuracy of various moving parts. A U-shaped handle 5 is fixedly installed on the right side of the top of the rigid frame 1. This U-shaped handle 5 serves as the main operating component, allowing the operator to grip and control the movement direction and working position of the device. Considering the continuous vibration during operation, to further improve operating comfort and safety, a relatively rotatable anti-slip sleeve 6 is fitted in the middle of the U-shaped handle 5. This anti-slip sleeve 6 is usually made of rubber or elastic plastic, and its rotating connection design can absorb and isolate the high-frequency vibration transmitted by the handle to a certain extent, reducing operator hand fatigue. In addition, to facilitate the handling and unloading of the device, lifting handles 4 are also fixedly installed at other positions on the top of the rigid frame 1 (e.g., the front and rear ends). The structure of the lifting handle 4 is not limited; it can be a simple pull ring or a horizontal bar to facilitate two people working together to lift the device onto the transport vehicle.

[0035] An L-shaped impact plate 2 is respectively installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the rigid frame 1. The two L-shaped impact plates 2 are suspended and connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the rigid frame 1 by the positioning and guiding mechanism 8 described later. Each L-shaped impact plate 2 is L-shaped in general. In the initial state (i.e., non-impact state), the two L-shaped impact plates 2 are arranged opposite each other, with the end of the L-shaped impact plate 2 away from the center of the rigid frame 1 (outer end) extending upward at an angle, and the entire impact plate is unfolded in a figure-eight shape. This inclined design ensures that when the device is moving or in standby mode, only the outer edge or curved surface of the L-shaped impact plate 2 may come into contact with the ground, reducing movement resistance.

[0036] Crucially, the "L"-shaped corner of the L-shaped tamping plate 2 is machined into a smooth arc transition structure. This arc design has multiple benefits: First, when the L-shaped tamping plate 2 slides laterally relative to the ground (such as during the leveling stage), the arc significantly reduces the frictional resistance with surface protrusions, making the sliding smoother; second, the arc helps guide the L-shaped tamping plate 2 to rotate as expected when subjected to lateral forces; and third, it enhances the structural strength of this stress concentration area, preventing cracking.

[0037] At the bottom of the rigid frame 1, in the area corresponding to the movement trajectory of the two L-shaped impact plates 2, there are symmetrical clearance notches 3. These clearance notches 3 are a key design feature of the frame structure; their dimensions are precisely calculated to provide ample space for the lateral movement and rotational sway of the L-shaped impact plates 2 throughout their entire working cycle, completely preventing any mechanical interference from the bottom structure of the rigid frame 1 to the movement of the L-shaped impact plates 2. The system also includes a positioning guide mechanism 8 and an impact generating mechanism 7.

[0038] The positioning and guiding mechanism 8 is located at the bottom of the rigid frame 1. Through the positioning and guiding mechanism 8, the L-shaped tamping plates 2 on both sides can only move laterally in the left and right directions, and simultaneously, the two L-shaped tamping plates 2 can only rotate in opposite directions synchronously. The impact generating mechanism 7 is located at the center of the rigid frame 1. The impact generating mechanism 7 applies a stable downward impact force to the L-shaped tamping plates 2, thereby providing the L-shaped tamping plates 2 with the force to separate themselves and the force to compact the ground. When the impact generating mechanism 7 applies the downward impact force, the two L-shaped tamping plates 2 unfold to the left and right and extend outside the rigid frame 1. When the L-shaped tamping plates 2 rotate to a horizontal state, the impact force of the impact generating mechanism 7 is stably transmitted to the L-shaped tamping plates 2, and the L-shaped tamping plates 2 transfer the impact force to the ground. Conversely, when the downward impact force of the impact generating mechanism 7 disappears, the positioning and guiding mechanism 8 retracts the two L-shaped tamping plates 2, causing the opposite ends of the L-shaped tamping plates 2 to rise upwards, allowing the L-shaped tamping plates 2 to await the next impact force.

[0039] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The positioning and guiding mechanism 8 includes transverse guide rods 23 fixed laterally to the bottom side of the rigid frame 1. These two transverse guide rods 23 are preferably arranged parallel to each other on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the rigid frame 1 and are firmly connected to the rigid frame 1 via fixed seats. Each transverse guide rod 23 is fitted with two sliding seats 24 that can slide freely along the rod body (i.e., four sliding seats 24 in total on the front and rear sides, two on each side). A rotating rod 28 is rotatably connected to the side of each sliding seat 24. The other end of the rotating rod 28 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the L-shaped tamping plate 2 on the corresponding side. Through this composite connection method (sliding seat 24, rotating rod 28, and L-shaped tamping plate 2), the transverse guide rods 23 strictly restrict the L-shaped tamping plate 2 to move only in the left and right horizontal directions (achieved through the sliding of the sliding seats 24), while allowing the L-shaped tamping plate 2 to rotate within a certain angle range around its connection point with the rotating rod 28. Because the rotating rods 28 on both the front and rear sides move synchronously, it ensures that there will be no deviation during the lateral movement of the L-shaped tamping plate 2, and the movement trajectory is precise and controllable.

[0040] A vertical guide rod 29 is vertically installed at the center of the bottom of the rigid frame 1, with two more guide rods 29 positioned on the front and rear sides of the rigid frame 1, respectively. A sliding plate 27 is slidably fitted into the middle of the vertical guide rod 29. The upper ends of a support rod 26 are rotatably connected to the left and right sides of the sliding plate 27 via hinges. The lower ends of each support rod 26 are rotatably connected to the upper surface of the corresponding sliding seat 24 (left or right side) via hinges. Thus, the sliding plate 27, the two support rods 26, and the two sliding seats 24 constitute an approximately "isosceles triangle vertex linkage" mechanism. When the sliding plate 27 moves up and down along the vertical guide rod 29, the two inclined support rods 26 synchronously drive the left and right sliding seats 24 to perform strictly symmetrical movements along the transverse guide rod 23, moving them away from or closer to each other.

[0041] Between the sliding plate 27 and the bottom crossbeam of the rigid frame 1, a return spring 25 (or other elastic element with similar function) is fitted onto the outside of the vertical guide rod 29. The return spring 25 is in a compressed or pre-tightened state in its natural state, and its elastic force always acts on the sliding plate 27, attempting to push it upwards. According to the aforementioned linkage, this upward force is transmitted through the support rod 26, ultimately transforming into a lateral pulling force that drives the two sliding seats 24 to move closer together. Therefore, at any moment when the impact generating mechanism 7 does not apply a downward impact force, the pre-tightening force of the return spring 25 causes the two L-shaped impact plates 2 to tend to converge and maintain their initial tilted posture.

[0042] In one instance of this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The impact generating mechanism 7 is the kinetic energy core of the device. Installed in the central space of the rigid frame 1, it is primarily responsible for converting driving energy into periodic, vertically downward high-energy impact forces, which are then transmitted through a specific force path to the L-shaped impact plate 2. The impact generating mechanism 7 includes guide columns 15 vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the rigid frame 1. The upper end of the guide column 15 is fixed to the top of the rigid frame 1, while the lower end is fixed above the bottom clearance notch 3, forming a stable vertical support. A lifting platform 16 is slidably connected to the two guide columns 15 via linear bearings or bushings, thus strictly limiting its movement to vertical.

[0043] A mounting frame 18 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lifting platform 16. The mounting frame 18 is typically a rigidly welded box-shaped or frame structure, which houses replaceable counterweights 19. The weight of the counterweights 19 can be selected and adjusted according to different soil types and compaction depth requirements, which is key to achieving adjustable impact energy. U-shaped supports 17 are fixed to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the mounting frame 18. The opening of the U-shaped supports 17 faces upward, and its lower part is a horizontally set pressure beam. The ingenuity of this design lies in the fact that when the mounting frame 18 lowers the U-shaped supports 17, the lower surface of its horizontal pressure beam will precisely and simultaneously press against the upper surfaces of the two L-shaped tamping plates 2. When the L-shaped tamping plates 2 are in a horizontal tamping posture, the pressure beam of the U-shaped supports 17 and the upper surface of the L-shaped tamping plates 2 achieve large-area, full-contact contact, ensuring efficient and uniform impact force transmission. More importantly, this "aerial docking" force transmission method allows the huge impact force to be applied directly to the L-shaped tamping plate 2 through the U-shaped bracket 17, without passing through the main structure of the rigid frame 1, which greatly reduces the risk of long-term impact fatigue of the frame and improves the reliability and life of the whole machine.

[0044] To drive the mounting frame 18 and counterweight 19 in periodic lifting and lowering movements, a lifting drive assembly 14 is provided on the top of the rigid frame 1. The lifting drive assembly 14 includes a drive shaft 10 arranged laterally (e.g., in the front-to-back direction), which is supported on the top of the rigid frame 1 by a bearing seat 9. A crank 11 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the drive shaft 10. The middle of the crank 11 is rotatably connected to the upper end of a connecting rod 12 via a hinge point, and the lower end of the connecting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the top end of a transmission rod 20. The transmission rod 20 vertically penetrates the top of the mounting frame 18 and forms a sliding fit with it, meaning the transmission rod 20 can slide freely relative to the mounting frame 18 in the vertical direction for a predetermined stroke. At the bottom end of the transmission rod 20, a limiting plate 21 with a limiting diameter larger than the through-hole diameter is fixedly provided to prevent the transmission rod 20 from completely disengaging from the mounting frame 18. At its top end, a rotating head 22 (such as a ball joint or hinge joint) is provided for flexible connection with the lower end of the connecting rod 12.

[0045] The rotational power of the drive shaft 10 comes from a rotary drive device 13 fixed to the side of the rigid frame 1. This rotary drive device 13 typically uses a shock-resistant motor and is connected to the drive shaft 10 via a belt, chain, or coupling. The rotary drive device 13 drives the drive shaft 10 to rotate, and then converts the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the transmission rod 20 through the crank 11 and connecting rod 12 mechanism.

[0046] Finally, the collaborative relationships between the components and the status of key positions are explained.

[0047] In the initial state, the return spring 25, through the sliding plate 27 and the support rod 26, brings the two sliding seats 24 to their closest position. At this time, the two L-shaped tamping plates 2 are retracted, and their opposing inner ends may slightly touch or approach each other. Due to the constraint of the rotating rod 28 and the possible fit of the plate end shapes (such as the inner ends being designed as inclined or curved surfaces that can slide against each other), the L-shaped tamping plates 2 maintain their tilted posture with their inner ends raised. The U-shaped bracket 17 is in the upper position and does not contact the L-shaped tamping plates 2.

[0048] When the impact generating mechanism 7 operates, the transmission rod 20 moves downward under the drive of the rotary drive assembly. Initially, the transmission rod 20 pushes the mounting frame 18 and counterweight 19 downward together via the rotating head 22. When the horizontal bearing beam of the U-shaped bracket 17 contacts the still-inclined L-shaped impact plate 2, downward pressure begins to act on the L-shaped impact plate 2. This pressure produces two component forces: first, the horizontal component overcomes the tension of the return spring 25, forcing the two L-shaped impact plates 2 to separate to both sides along the transverse guide rod 23 via the sliding seat 24; second, the torque formed by the vertical component and the ground reaction force causes the L-shaped impact plate 2 to rotate around its hinge point with the rotating rod 28. Under the precise constraint of the positioning guide mechanism 8, these two actions are coupled and synchronously opposite. As the L-shaped impact plate 2 continues to move outward and rotate, the bottom surface of the L-shaped impact plate 2 gradually becomes horizontal.

[0049] When the L-shaped tamping plate 2 is fully rotated to a horizontal tamping posture, two key states are achieved simultaneously: First, the tamping bottom surface of the L-shaped tamping plate 2 drops below the bottom surface of the rigid frame 1. At this time, the weight of the entire device and the subsequent impact force are completely transferred to the ground through these two L-shaped tamping plates 2, and the rigid frame 1 is "lifted," detached from or only slightly in contact with the ground, ensuring the effective utilization of impact energy and the flatness of the ground after compaction. Second, the pressure beam of the U-shaped support 17 is fully in contact with the upper surface of the L-shaped tamping plate 2, establishing a rigid impact transmission path from the counterweight 19 to the ground. Subsequently, the counterweight 19 falls at high speed under the combined action of gravitational acceleration and driving force, and the huge impact force is released to the ground through the perfect contact surface, completing an efficient compaction.

[0050] After the impact ends, under the strong restoring force of the return spring 25 and as the transmission rod 20 rises, the entire motion process is reversed. The L-shaped tamping plate 2 retracts and returns to its tilted posture, preparing for the next "expansion-impact" cycle.

[0051] Based on the above specific structure, a complete working cycle of the foundation compaction device of the present invention can be divided into the following stages, and its dynamic process and mechanism linkage are as follows:

[0052] Phase 1: Device Placement and Start-up

[0053] After the compaction device is transported to the construction site by a transport vehicle, the operator uses the lifting handle 4 or pushes it directly to place the device in the area to be compacted. The rotary drive device 13 is started, and the motor starts to run at the set speed, driving the drive shaft 10, crank 11, and connecting rod 12 to work, thereby driving the transmission rod 20 to start its reciprocating lifting stroke.

[0054] Phase Two: Counterweight Lifting and Frame Pre-stressing (Energy Storage Phase)

[0055] When crank 11 rotates to the half-turn from bottom dead center, it pulls transmission rod 20 upward via connecting rod 12. At the initial moment of transmission rod 20's ascent, due to inertia, mounting frame 18 and counterweight 19 may not immediately follow. However, soon the limiting plate 21 at the bottom of transmission rod 20 will contact the top of mounting frame 18, causing it to accelerate upward together. During this stage, rotary drive device 13 provides power to lift counterweight 19 from a low position to a high position, converting electrical energy into the gravitational potential energy of counterweight 19. During this lifting process, because the entire device is supported by the L-shaped tamping plate 2 (which may be in an inclined or horizontal state) already in contact with the ground, the reaction force generated by the lifting of counterweight 19 is partially applied to rigid frame 1, making the total pressure of the device on the ground greater than its static weight. The L-shaped tamping plate 2 maintains a stable static pressure on the ground, helping the device to remain stable in the working position.

[0056] Phase 3: Transmission decoupling and device lateral movement preparation (no-load coasting phase)

[0057] When crank 11 passes top dead center and begins its downward half-cycle, connecting rod 12 begins to push transmission rod 20 downward. However, due to inertia, the downward speed of counterweight 19, which is at a higher position, may temporarily lag behind that of the driven transmission rod 20. At this moment, the sliding connection characteristics between transmission rod 20 and mounting frame 18 are crucial: transmission rod 20 can slide downward independently relative to mounting frame 18 for a certain distance, while mounting frame 18 and counterweight 19, under the combined action of gravity and inertia, undergo a complex process of brief "hanging" or deceleration upward before turning into free fall. At this instant, the weight and impact force of counterweight 19 are not transmitted to impact generating mechanism 7 through transmission rod 20, achieving "soft decoupling" between impact load and drive system, effectively protecting precision drive components such as motor, crank 11, and connecting rod 12 from huge impact reaction forces. At the same time, as the downward force of the counterweight 19 on the rigid frame 1 temporarily decreases or disappears, the total pressure of the device on the ground drops sharply, possibly even less than the device's own weight, resulting in a significant reduction in the friction between the L-shaped tamping plate 2 and the ground. The operator can keenly sense this change in force and easily push or pull the entire device laterally to the next tamping point using the U-shaped handle 5. Simultaneously, the tension of the return spring 25 causes the two L-shaped tamping plates 2 to quickly move closer together and return to their tilted, raised inner ends, preparing for leveling operations at the new location.

[0058] Phase Four: Weight Drop and Ground Leveling (Shaping Phase)

[0059] When the inertia of the counterweight 19 is completely overcome and it begins to accelerate downwards under the action of gravity, the transmission rod 20 may have already moved down a certain distance. Subsequently, the counterweight 19 and the mounting frame 18 enter the free fall or controlled fall phase. The U-shaped bracket 17 at the bottom of the mounting frame 18 first contacts the L-shaped tamping plate 2, which has returned to its tilted position. The downward pressure immediately acts on the L-shaped tamping plate 2. As mentioned earlier, this pressure is decomposed into a horizontal component and a torque, forcibly driving the two L-shaped tamping plates 2 to overcome the resistance of the return spring 25 and unfold to both sides. In the lateral movement of unfolding, the horizontal tamping surface of the L-shaped tamping plate 2 (especially its leading edge arc transition structure) slides from the center of the area to be compacted to both sides like a scraper. This action can effectively scrape and flatten small areas of soil bulges and pre-compact loose fill material to a new position. This "smoothing" function is the core step of this device to overcome the initial unevenness of the ground. It creates a relatively flat "working surface" and provides uniform force conditions for subsequent strong impact compaction.

[0060] Phase 5: Establishment of Rigid Force Transmission and Impact Consolidation (Core Work-Doing Phase)

[0061] As the L-shaped tamping plate 2 fully unfolds and rotates to a horizontal position, the bearing beam of the U-shaped support 17 fully contacts the upper surface of the L-shaped tamping plate 2, establishing a rigid impact force transmission channel. At this moment, the enormous kinetic energy of the high-speed falling counterweight 19 is transferred vertically to the L-shaped tamping plate 2 without loss through the U-shaped support 17 and instantly released onto the leveled ground surface. The impact energy causes the soil particles to move violently, overcoming the friction and cohesion between particles, rearranging them into a denser state, and compressing the pores, thus achieving efficient compaction. Because the L-shaped tamping plate 2 is now horizontal and has a suitable area, the impact force is vertically downward and evenly distributed, completely avoiding the tilting and bouncing problems that easily occur with traditional plate compactors on uneven ground, ensuring the uniformity and depth consistency of the compaction effect.

[0062] Phase Six: Reset and Loop

[0063] After a powerful impact, the L-shaped tamping plate 2 begins to retract and return to its original position under the action of the return spring 25. At the same time, the crank 11 has moved to the vicinity of the lower dead center and is preparing to rotate upward again. The transmission rod 20 then begins to rise, preparing to enter the "stage two" of the next work cycle. This process is repeated continuously to achieve continuous, intermittently movable automated compaction operations.

[0064] This invention provides a foundation compaction device for civil construction. By incorporating an L-shaped tamping plate 2 capable of synchronous reverse lateral movement and rotation, along with a positioning and guiding mechanism 8 and an impact generating mechanism 7, it achieves a composite process of "first leveling and shaping, then concentrated compaction" of the ground surface within a single work cycle. This fundamentally solves the problems of easy tilting and uneven compaction when working on uneven ground. Its unique design, with the U-shaped support 17 directly contacting the tamping plate for force transmission and the transmission rod 20 slidingly connected to the mounting frame 18, ensures that the impact force is vertically and evenly transmitted to the ground. Simultaneously, it achieves mechanical decoupling between the impact load and the drive system, effectively protecting the drive components. Furthermore, the device automatically reduces ground pressure using the impact gap, facilitating labor-saving movement by the operator and significantly improving work continuity, compaction quality stability, and equipment lifespan.

[0065] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A foundation compaction device for civil construction, comprising a rigid frame, wherein a U-shaped handle is provided on the side of the top of the rigid frame, characterized in that, The rigid frame has an L-shaped tamping plate on each side of its bottom. The corner of each L-shaped tamping plate is formed into an arc surface. The end of the L-shaped tamping plate away from the center of the rigid frame is inclined in the direction away from the ground. The frame also includes a positioning and guiding mechanism and an impact generating mechanism. A positioning and guiding mechanism is provided at the bottom of the rigid frame to constrain the two L-shaped tamping plates to perform synchronous and opposite lateral movements, and to constrain the two L-shaped tamping plates to perform synchronous and opposite rotations. An impact generating mechanism, located in the middle of the rigid frame, is used to apply a vertically downward impact force to the L-shaped ramming plate; The positioning and guiding mechanism includes a transverse guide rod fixed to the bottom side of the rigid frame. Two sliding seats are slidably sleeved on the transverse guide rod. A rotating rod is rotatably connected to the side of each sliding seat. The end of each rotating rod away from the sliding seat is connected to the side wall of the corresponding L-shaped tamping plate. A vertical guide rod is vertically fixed at the bottom center of the rigid frame. A sliding plate is slidably sleeved on the vertical guide rod. One end of a support rod is rotatably connected to both sides of the sliding plate. The other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the side of the sliding seat. A return spring is provided between the sliding plate and the rigid frame. When the impact generating mechanism applies a downward impact force to the L-shaped tamping plate, the two L-shaped tamping plates overcome the constraint of the positioning and guiding mechanism and move away from each other, rotating to a horizontal tamping posture; when the impact force disappears, the positioning and guiding mechanism drives the two L-shaped tamping plates to move closer to each other and reset to the initial tilted posture.

2. The foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rigid frame has clearance notches on both sides of its bottom corresponding to the L-shaped tamping plates. When the two L-shaped tamping plates rotate to the horizontal tamping posture, the bottom surface of the L-shaped tamping plates is lower than the bottom surface of the rigid frame.

3. The foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact generating mechanism includes a guide column vertically fixed to the side of the rigid frame, a lifting platform slidably connected to the guide column, an installation frame fixed in the middle of the lifting platform, a U-shaped bracket adapted to the L-shaped impact plate at the bottom of the installation frame, and a counterweight block inside the installation frame.

4. A foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, A transmission rod is connected to the top of the mounting frame, and a lifting drive assembly is provided on the top of the rigid frame to drive the transmission rod to drive the mounting frame and the counterweight to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

5. A foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting drive assembly includes bearing seats disposed on both sides of a rigid frame. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seats. A crank is fixed in the middle of the drive shaft. One end of a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the middle of the crank. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to a transmission rod. A rotary drive device for driving the drive shaft to rotate is disposed on the side of the rigid frame.

6. A foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission rod and the mounting frame are in a sliding fit. The top end of the transmission rod is provided with a rotating head that is rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom end of the transmission rod is provided with a limit plate.

7. A foundation compaction device for civil construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped grip is rotatably connected to an anti-slip sleeve in the middle, and the side wall of the rigid frame is also fixedly provided with a lifting handle for assisting in lifting.

Images