Large diaphragm wall reinforcement cage structure and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a large-scale diaphragm wall reinforcement cage structure and relates to the field of diaphragm wall construction. The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage structure comprises strip-shaped bases arranged on both sides of a trench, a plurality of first hinged supports installed on the strip-shaped bases, the rotating axes of all the first hinged supports on the same strip-shaped base are collinear, and the rotating axes are parallel to the length direction of the trench; a plurality of rotating beams, the first ends of the rotating beams are rotatably connected with the corresponding first hinged supports; a plurality of profiled steel beams, the profiled steel beams are detachably connected with the second ends of the rotating beams; a diaphragm wall reinforcement cage fixed on the profiled steel beams; wherein, when the rotating beams are in a first working position, the profiled steel beams are in a horizontal state, and the profiled steel beams and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage are located on the ground beside the trench; when the rotating beams are in a second working position, the profiled steel beams are in a vertical state, and the profiled steel beams and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage are located directly above the trench. The application further discloses a construction method, which improves the reliability, safety and comprehensive benefits of large-scale diaphragm wall reinforcement cage construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of diaphragm wall engineering. More specifically, this invention relates to a large-scale diaphragm wall steel cage structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of diaphragm wall construction technology, especially in the construction of large or super-large diaphragm walls, the hoisting, lowering, and precise positioning of the internal steel reinforcement cage has always been a complex and difficult process to control. Due to the large size, weight, and high structural flexibility of large steel reinforcement cages, effectively controlling structural deformation, preventing overall instability, and achieving precise positioning during the hoisting process from the fabrication location to the designated trench has always been a technical challenge and a key focus of safety management in engineering practice.

[0003] Currently, there are two construction methods for hoisting diaphragm wall reinforcement cages in engineering practice. The first method is segmented construction, where layers of reinforcing mesh are tied above the trench. After each layer of reinforcement structure is completed to a certain height, it is lowered into the trench using hoisting equipment. Then, new layers of reinforcement are tied on top of the lowered structure, and this process is repeated until the entire reinforcement cage is completed. While this method reduces the difficulty of construction, it leads to multiple repetitions of construction procedures, significantly extending the overall construction period. The frequent hoisting operations also increase the complexity of on-site safety management. The second method involves tying the entire reinforcement cage together on a leveled site at once, and then using multiple large hoisting machines to lift, move, and lower the entire cage into the trench. While this method can achieve structural integrity, for large-scale projects, the weight and length of the steel cage are considerable. During the lifting process, uneven stress at multiple points can easily lead to unpredictable bending and twisting deformation of the cage. When moving and positioning in the air, the massive steel cage structure is significantly affected by wind load and swaying of the slings, making attitude control extremely difficult. The sinking process requires repeated adjustments by construction personnel, and the positioning process is cumbersome and time-consuming. It places extremely high demands on equipment capabilities and operational precision, resulting in significant safety risks.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies, whether employing segmented construction or overall hoisting, have inherent drawbacks that are difficult to overcome completely. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of steel cage structure and corresponding hoisting construction method that can fundamentally simplify the construction process, effectively control the deformation and swaying of the steel cage during hoisting, and achieve precise pre-positioning before lowering, thereby comprehensively improving the reliability, safety, and overall benefits of large-scale diaphragm wall construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a large diaphragm wall steel cage structure and construction method, which effectively controls the deformation and swaying of the steel cage during hoisting and achieves precise pre-positioning before lowering, thereby comprehensively improving the reliability, safety and overall benefits of large diaphragm wall construction.

[0006] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the invention, in a first aspect, the invention provides a large diaphragm wall reinforcement cage structure, comprising: strip-shaped bases disposed on both sides of a trench, and further comprising a plurality of first hinge supports mounted on the strip-shaped bases, wherein the rotation axes of all the first hinge supports on the same strip-shaped base are collinear and the rotation axes are parallel to the length direction of the trench; a plurality of rotating beams, each rotating beam having a first end rotatably connected to a corresponding first hinge support; a plurality of steel beams, each steel beam having a second end detachably connected to a rotating beam; and a diaphragm wall reinforcement cage fixed to the steel beams; wherein the rotating beams have a first working position and a second working position; in the first working position, the steel beams are in a horizontal state, and the steel beams and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage are located on the ground to the side of the trench; in the second working position, the steel beams are in a vertical state, and the steel beams and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage are located directly above the trench.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating beam is an I-beam, with a first hinge block fixedly connected to its first end. The first hinge block is connected to the first hinge support via a pin. The steel beam is fixedly connected to a steel bracket. Connecting plates extending outward from the end are fixedly connected to both sides of the web of the second end of the rotating beam. The end of the steel bracket is inserted between the two connecting plates. The web of the steel bracket has a first pin hole, and the connecting plate has a second pin hole. A fixing pin passes through the first pin hole and the second pin hole.

[0008] Preferably, the first hinge support, rotating beam, steel beam, and diaphragm wall reinforcement cage are located on one side of the trench.

[0009] Preferably, the trench is symmetrically provided with strip-shaped bases, several first hinge supports, several rotating beams, and several steel beams on both sides. The first hinge supports are installed on the strip-shaped bases via sliding supports, which limit the first hinge supports to slide only in a horizontal direction perpendicular to their rotation axis. The opposite ends of the two symmetrically provided steel beams are located above the trench and are hinged to each other via a second hinge support, which is located directly above the centerline of the trench. The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage is composed of two side reinforcement mesh units, which are respectively fixed to the steel beams on both sides of the trench.

[0010] Preferably, the device also includes multiple fastening components, each comprising a matching male and female fastening head. The male fastening head is fixed to a steel beam on one side, and the female fastening head is fixed to a symmetrical position on the steel beam on the other side. When the rotating beam is in the second working position, the male fastening head and the corresponding female fastening head are inserted and locked together.

[0011] Preferably, when the rotating beam is in the second working position, the opposite side surfaces of the two symmetrical rotating beams are in contact. The female buckle is a through hole opened on the side surface of one side of the steel beam, and the male buckle is a U-shaped hook formed by bending a plain round steel bar and set on the other side of the steel beam. During the movement of the steel beam to the second working position, the U-shaped hook is inserted into the through hole, and its two arms are squeezed by the hole wall to produce elastic deformation. After the U-shaped hook passes through the through hole, it returns to its shape, so that the hook body is hooked on the edge of the hole wall of the through hole.

[0012] Preferably, the sliding support includes a fixed base plate, a sliding plate, multiple rollers, and two limiting plates. The fixed base plate is fixedly installed on the strip-shaped base. The multiple rollers are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the fixed base plate, and the axial direction of each roller is consistent with the rotation axis direction of the first hinge support. The sliding plate is supported on the multiple rollers. The first hinge support is fixedly installed on the sliding plate. The two limiting plates are L-shaped steel plates, with their vertical sides fixedly connected to the fixed base plate and their horizontal sides extending above the sliding plate. The first hinge support is confined between the two limiting plates.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a construction method for a large-scale diaphragm wall reinforced cage structure, applicable to the aforementioned large-scale diaphragm wall reinforced cage structure, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. After the trench excavation is completed, construct strip-shaped bases on both sides of the top of the trench;

[0015] S2. Install multiple first hinge supports on the strip-shaped base, and install a rotating beam on each hinge support;

[0016] S3. Rotate the beam to maintain the first working position, install the steel beams, and keep all the steel beams horizontal.

[0017] S4. Tie the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage to the steel beam so that the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage and the steel beam form a whole for bearing the load.

[0018] S5. Set up lifting points on the steel beam and apply lifting force to the lifting points using hoisting equipment;

[0019] S6. The hoisting equipment drives the steel beam and the diaphragm wall steel cage to rotate around the rotation axis of the first hinge support, and the rotating beam rotates from the first working position to the second working position.

[0020] S7. Keep the hoisting equipment in the lifting state and disconnect the connection between the rotating beam and the steel beam;

[0021] S8. Lower the steel beams and diaphragm wall reinforcement cage into the trench using hoisting equipment.

[0022] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] First, this invention changes the binding work of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage from the traditional vertical operation near the trench to the horizontal steel beam located on the side of the trench. This allows construction workers to operate on a flat and stable ground, greatly reducing labor intensity and avoiding long-term high-altitude work. It also facilitates the layout and fixing of reinforcement bars and various embedded parts. Workers can perform high-efficiency and high-precision reinforcement binding or welding operations, just like the reinforcement bars for floor slabs. This ensures the overall manufacturing quality of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage from the source and effectively shortens the early preparation period.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention transforms the hoisting process of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage from free space hoisting to controllable rotation around a fixed rotation axis through a rigid rotating mechanism composed of the first hinge support, rotating beam and steel beam. This constrained motion trajectory solves the problem of large swing and torsional deformation of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in the air, making the entire turning and standing process stable and controllable, and significantly reducing the technical difficulty and safety risks of hoisting operations.

[0025] Third, in this invention, the rotation axis of the rotating beam is parallel to the direction of the trench, and its installation position is precisely determined based on the pre-constructed strip base. During the process of rotating the steel cage fixed on the steel beam from the horizontal state to the vertical state, its movement trajectory is unique and pre-set. When the steel beam reaches the second vertical working position, the steel cage is naturally and accurately suspended directly above the trench. There is no need to make difficult and time-consuming lateral adjustments in the air as in the traditional method, thus achieving precise positioning in one step.

[0026] Fourth, this invention helps reduce reliance on large hoisting equipment and saves construction costs. The hinged structure provides a stable turning fulcrum for the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage and bears the main structural moment. The hoisting equipment mainly plays the role of providing vertical lifting force. The performance and quantity requirements of the equipment can be reduced. One or two main hoisting devices, together with steel strands, can complete the turning action, thereby effectively reducing the daily operating costs of large machinery and improving economic efficiency.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single-sided construction method in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single-sided construction front view in one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a steel beam during single-sided construction in one of the technical solutions of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the node rotation of a steel beam-rotating beam in one technical solution of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the first working position and (b) is a schematic diagram of the second working position;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly and assembly of a steel beam-rotating beam node in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in one technical solution of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the steel beam and the support reinforcement, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall disassembly of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the double-sided construction in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the double-sided construction in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the working of a double-sided construction linkage system in one technical solution of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the first working position, (d) is a schematic diagram of the second working position, and (b) and (c) are schematic diagrams of the state between the first working position and the second working position;

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a steel beam during double-sided construction in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the state during double-sided construction in one technical solution of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the first working position and (b) is a schematic diagram of the second working position;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the working of the fastener in one technical solution of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram before insertion and locking, (b) is a schematic diagram during insertion and locking, and (c) is a schematic diagram after insertion and locking;

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a sliding support in one technical solution of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 15 For the purposes of this invention, a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage in one technical solution is provided. Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the steel beam and support reinforcement, and (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall disassembly of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1-groove, 2-strip base, 3-diaphragm wall reinforcement cage, 31-side reinforcement mesh unit, 32-middle reinforcement mesh unit, 4-steel beam, 40-strip through hole, 41-steel bracket, 410-first pin hole, 42-rotating beam, 420-second pin hole, 421-fixing pin, 422-connecting plate, 423-first hinge block, 43-support reinforcement, 44-second hinge block, 5-first hinge support, 6-second hinge support, 61-connecting rod body, 62-connecting rod body pin hole, 7-sliding support, 71-limiting plate, 72-fixed base plate, 73-roller, 74-sliding plate, 8-fastener, 81-fastener male head, 82-fastener female head, 9-lifting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0045] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the structures and components described are commercially available. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection or setting, detachable connection or setting, or integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0047] like Figures 1-15 As shown, the present invention provides a large-scale diaphragm wall reinforcement cage structure, including strip-shaped bases 2 disposed on both sides of a trench 1, and further including: a plurality of first hinge supports 5, installed on the strip-shaped bases 2, wherein the rotation axes of all the first hinge supports 5 on the same strip-shaped base 2 are collinear and the rotation axis is parallel to the length direction of the trench 1; a plurality of rotating beams 42, the first end of each rotating beam 42 being rotatably connected to the corresponding first hinge support 5; a plurality of steel beams 4, the steel beams 4 being detachably connected to the second ends of the rotating beams 42; and a diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, which is fixed to the steel beams 4; wherein, the rotating... The moving beam 42 has a first working position and a second working position. In the first working position, the steel beam 4 is in a horizontal state, and the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 are located on the ground on the side of the trench 1. In the second working position, the steel beam 4 is in a vertical state, and the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 are located directly above the trench 1. In this technical solution, the strip base 2 can be obtained by using the conventionally constructed concrete water retaining platform on both sides of the top of the trench 1, and by adding additional reinforcement and increasing the concrete grade, so that it can reliably bear the overturning moment and vertical load transmitted by the subsequent first hinge support 5.

[0048] The first hinge support 5 can be a box-shaped structure welded from thick steel plates or a high-strength cast steel component, and is firmly installed on the top surface of the strip base 2 by a group of bolts. During installation, a total station is used to measure and adjust the pin holes of all the first hinge supports 5 on the same strip base 2 to ensure that the rotation axes of all the first hinge supports 5 are collinear and parallel to the length direction of the groove 1. The rotating beam 42 can be made of I-beams or welded H-beams, and its first end is reliably connected to the first hinge support 5 by a high-strength pin. The steel beam 4 is also made of I-beams or H-beams, and it can be detachably connected to the second end of the rotating beam 42 by high-strength bolts. The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is formed by welding connecting bars to its horizontal reinforcement or by setting special U-shaped clamps, and is bound or welded to the steel beam 4 to form a load-bearing whole. The steel beam 4 itself possesses excellent bending stiffness, serving as the rigid keel of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, thus ensuring the integrity and morphological stability of the composite structure formed by the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 and the steel beam 4 during hoisting. The flexible steel mesh of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is reliably connected to numerous support bars 43 densely welded to the steel beam 4 through its horizontally distributed bars, and can pass through the strip-shaped through holes 40 on the web of the steel beam 4 according to the design, forming numerous rigid anchor points between the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 and the steel beam 4. During the tilting hoisting, the bending moment acting on the entire composite structure is mainly borne by the steel beam 4 as the main load-bearing component. The steel beam 4 can effectively resist deformation, while the dense anchor points strictly constrain the local deformation of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, ensuring that it deforms in tandem with the steel beam 4. The tilting trajectory of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is precisely controlled by the rotation of the steel beam 4, thereby effectively suppressing the overall bending, twisting, and uncontrollable swaying that are prone to occur during free hoisting.

[0049] During the construction of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, the rotating beam 42 is in the first working position. At this time, the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 fixed on it lie flat on the ground on the side of the trench 1 through temporary support measures such as sleepers spaced below, brick piers built, or adjustable steel pipe supports erected. This state greatly facilitates the binding construction of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, and the entire section of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 can be operated in parallel to shorten the construction period. After the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is completed, the hoisting equipment enters the site and provides lifting force to the overall structure through the lifting ring 9 set on the steel beam 4. The force-bearing whole composed of the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 will rotate smoothly from the horizontal position to the vertical position around the rotation axis of the first hinge support 5. This design transforms the uncontrollable free swing in the air in traditional hoisting into a constrained rotation around a fixed axis, fundamentally eliminating the large swing and uncontrollable deformation of the reinforcement cage. Meanwhile, since the rotation trajectory is uniquely determined by geometric relationships, when it reaches a vertical state, the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 can automatically and accurately be positioned directly above the trench, achieving extremely high alignment accuracy and significantly improving construction quality and safety. After the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is rotated and positioned directly above the trench 1, the hoisting equipment maintains its load-bearing state. Construction personnel dismantle the connection between the rotating beam 42 and the steel beam 4. The hoisting equipment, through the lifting ring 9 pulling the steel strand, vertically lowers the steel beam 4, which has been detached from the rotating beam 42, and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 as a whole to the design elevation inside the trench 1 in a low-speed, uniform, and controlled manner, completing the installation.

[0050] In another technical solution, the rotating beam 42 is an I-beam, with a first hinge block 423 fixedly connected to its first end. The first hinge block 423 is connected to the first hinge support 5 via a pin. The steel beam 4 is fixedly connected to a steel bracket 41. Connecting plates 422 extending outward from the end are fixedly connected to both sides of the web of the second end of the rotating beam 42. The end of the steel bracket 41 is inserted between the two connecting plates 422. The web of the steel bracket 41 has a first pin hole 410, and the connecting plate 422 has a second pin hole 420. A fixing pin 421 passes through the first pin hole 410 and the second pin hole 420. In this technical solution, the rotating beam 42 can be made of Q235B or Q355B I-beam to balance structural strength and economy. The first end of the rotating beam 42 is welded with a first hinge block 423 cut from a thick steel plate. The first hinge block 423 is reliably connected to the first hinge support 5 via a high-strength alloy pin to form a rotating pair. At the second end of the rotating beam 42, two connecting plates 422 are symmetrically welded to both sides of its I-beam web. The connecting plates 422 are made of wear-resistant steel plates. Correspondingly, steel brackets 41 are welded to the corresponding positions on the steel beam 4. The steel brackets 41 can be made into short I-beams or welded from steel plates into a similar structure. The end web of the steel brackets 41 is precisely cut to ensure that it can be accurately inserted into the gap between the connecting plates 422 on both sides.

[0051] The fixing pin 421 has a trapezoidal or wedge-shaped structure with a gradually changing cross-section along its length. It utilizes the inclined plane self-locking principle to achieve rapid assembly and reliable force transmission. When the rotating beam 42 is assembled with the steel bracket 41, the worker can hammer this wedge-shaped fixing pin 421 from one side into the pin hole channel formed by the first pin hole 410 on the web of the steel bracket 41 and the second pin hole 420 on the connecting plate 422. This achieves a tight connection between the steel bracket 41 and the connecting plate 422 during operation. The wedge-shaped design of the fixing pin 421 allows it to automatically tighten the gap between the steel bracket 41 and the connecting plate 422 after being hammered in, forming a tight fit and ensuring reliable transmission of shear force and bending moment during hoisting and rotation. After the entire diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is rotated and erected and positioned directly above the trench 1, the hoisting equipment maintains a stable vertical lifting force on the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 through the lifting ring 9 and steel strands. At this point, the structure is in a vertical, static state. The shear force at the connection point between the rotating beam 42 and the steel bracket 41 has been significantly reduced compared to the overturning process. The fixing pin 421 mainly serves to prevent the steel beam 4 from lateral swaying and to position it. In this state, it can be safely and easily removed by applying an impact force from the small end of the fixing pin 421. The operation direction is clear, and the space required is small, making it very suitable for high-altitude or air-based working environments. This connection method does not require complex mechanical or electrical devices; it can be assembled and disassembled with only simple tools, and it is highly reliable and reusable. After disassembly, the steel beam 4 with the steel bracket 41 is lowered into the trench along with the ground diaphragm reinforcement cage 3 to complete the installation.

[0052] In another technical solution, the first hinge support 5, the rotating beam 42, the steel beam 4, and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 are arranged on one side of the trench 1. This technical solution is designed for single-sided construction conditions that are limited by harsh site conditions. For example, when the other side of the trench 1 is adjacent to existing buildings, municipal roads, or other uninvaded planning red lines, this arrangement makes full use of the limited working space on the project site, so that it can still be successfully applied in narrow sites where the space on both sides of the trench 1 cannot be utilized.

[0053] Regarding the binding of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, when the steel beam 4 is horizontal, a set of symmetrically arranged support bars 43 are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of each steel beam 4. These support bars 43 are made of steel bars bent into regular U-shapes, and the two ends are fixed to the steel beam 4 by spot welding, thus forming a series of firmly distributed vertical support points on the steel beam. During construction, the operators first place the horizontal distribution bars of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 into the openings of the upper and lower rows of U-shaped support bars 43 in sequence, and connect them to the support bars 43 by binding with wire or direct spot welding. After the horizontal distribution bars are laid and fixed, the vertical main bars are inserted and fixed according to the design spacing, and finally the assembly of the entire reinforcement cage is completed. This rigid support system, composed of steel beams 4 and support bars 43, ensures the regularity of the shape and dimensional accuracy of the flexible steel cage when it is tied in a horizontal state, effectively preventing deformation and improving the efficiency and safety of the tying operation. Optionally, to further enhance the integrity of the diaphragm wall steel cage 3 and optimize its cooperative stress with the steel beams 4, a series of horizontal strip-shaped through holes 40 can be opened at intervals along the length of the web or side plate of the steel beams 4. During construction, the horizontal distribution bars can be directly passed through these aligned strip-shaped through holes 40 on the multiple steel beams 4, thereby forming a stable central steel mesh unit 32 between adjacent steel beams 4, composed of horizontal bars and subsequently tied vertical main bars.

[0054] In another technical solution, strip-shaped bases 2, several first hinge supports 5, several rotating beams 42, and several steel beams 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the trench 1. The first hinge supports 5 are installed on the strip-shaped bases 2 through sliding supports 7, which limit the first hinge supports 5 to slide only in a horizontal direction perpendicular to their rotation axis. The opposite ends of the two symmetrically arranged steel beams 4 are located above the trench 1 and are hinged to each other through a second hinge support 6, which is located directly above the centerline of the trench 1. The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is composed of two side reinforcement mesh units 31, which are respectively fixed to the steel beams 4 on both sides of the trench 1. In this technical solution, the double-sided flipping construction method is adopted, which is effectively applicable to the construction of large-width diaphragm walls when the site conditions are good. By symmetrically separating two side steel mesh units 31 along the centerline of the trench 1 from the traditional monolithic steel cage, each side steel mesh unit 31 is pre-tied on the steel beams 4 on both sides of the trench 1 and becomes a monolithic diaphragm wall steel cage 3 after being flipped. Optionally, before the diaphragm wall steel cage 3 is officially lowered, the overall structure can be further improved by adding hook bars and tie bars between the two side steel mesh units 31.

[0055] like Figures 9-12As shown, two symmetrical steel beams 4 have second hinge blocks 44 with pin holes welded to their opposite ends. The two corresponding second hinge blocks 44 are hinged to each other through a second hinge support 6. The second hinge support 6 is composed of a rigid connecting rod body 61 and connecting rod body pin holes 62 provided at both ends of the connecting rod body 61. The second hinge support 6 is movably connected to the second hinge blocks 44 on both sides through a pin. The second hinge support 6 acts as a rigid connecting rod, forcibly constraining the opposite ends of the steel beams 4 on both sides to maintain synchronous vertical displacement. The sliding support 7 provides the necessary horizontal displacement compensation capability. The sliding support 7 allows the first hinge support 5 to slide horizontally to ensure that the entire flipping process is smooth and without jamming.

[0056] In this technical solution, each end of the steel beam 4 away from the trench 1 is equipped with a dedicated lifting ring 9. For the synchronous lifting operation of the structures on both sides of the trench 1, a continuous steel strand can be used. The two ends of this steel strand are connected to the pre-set lifting rings 9 on the corresponding two steel beams 4, while the hook of the lifting equipment is suspended in the middle of this steel strand. To ensure reliable transmission of lifting force during lifting and to prevent relative slippage between the steel strand and the hook due to force or swaying, a dedicated anti-slip clamp can be added at the attachment point between the hook and the steel strand. When the hook is lifted, the lifting force is transmitted simultaneously and equally to the lifting rings 9 on both sides through the steel strand. Since the steel beams 4, which act as the keel in the structures on both sides, are constrained by the second hinge support 6, and the sliding support 7 under the bottom first hinge support 5 allows for horizontal sliding, the entire structure on both sides rotates synchronously around the axis of their respective first hinge support 5. The suspension method in the middle of the steel strand ensures that the single-point lifting force provided by a single lifting device is evenly distributed to both sides.

[0057] During this process, the second hinge support 6 connected to the ends of the two steel beams 4 on both sides acts as a rigid link, forcibly constraining both sides to maintain a synchronous vertical movement trajectory. At the same time, the sliding support 7 under the first hinge support 5 provides horizontal displacement compensation, so that a single hoisting device can realize the synchronous flipping and merging of the two side steel mesh units 31, and the ground diaphragm wall steel cage 3 is completely erected and precisely positioned above the trench 1.

[0058] In this technical solution, by designing the ultra-large diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 as a symmetrical split structure and combining it with a linkage structure, the synergistic effect of rigid constraints and adaptive compensation ensures the synchronization of the two side reinforcement mesh units 31 during the flipping process, significantly reducing the stringent requirements for operational precision. Simultaneously, the side reinforcement mesh units 31 are always subject to geometric constraints during the flipping process, ultimately aligning naturally and precisely directly above the trench 1. This solves multiple challenges in the hoisting of ultra-large reinforcement cages, including synchronization, stability, and precise positioning, significantly reducing equipment requirements and construction costs while improving project quality and safety.

[0059] In another technical solution, multiple fastening components 8 are also included. Each fastening component 8 includes a matching male fastening head 81 and a female fastening head 82. The male fastening head 81 is fixed to one side of the steel beam 4, and the female fastening head 82 is fixed to a symmetrical position on the other side of the steel beam. When the rotating beam 42 is in the second working position, the male fastening head 81 and the corresponding female fastening head 82 are interlocked and locked. In this technical solution, the male fastening head 81 can be welded and fixed to the side of one side of the steel beam 4, and the female fastening head 82 is welded and fixed to a symmetrical position on the other side of the steel beam 4. After the two side steel mesh units 31 are merged, the interlocking of the fastening components 8 with the two side steel beams 4 can provide additional lateral connection beyond the hinge constraint of the second hinge support 6, effectively limiting the possible relative displacement or swaying of the two side steel beams 4, ensuring the structural stability of the entire system before the final release of the hoisting equipment, and creating more reliable working conditions for the subsequent safe lowering process.

[0060] In another technical solution, when the rotating beam 42 is in the second working position, the two symmetrical rotating beams 42 have their opposite side surfaces in contact. The female snap-fit ​​head 82 is a through hole opened on the side surface of one side of the steel beam 4, and the male snap-fit ​​head 81 is a U-shaped hook formed by bending a plain round steel bar on the other side of the steel beam 4. During the movement of the steel beam 4 to the second working position, the U-shaped hook is inserted into the through hole, and its two arms are squeezed by the hole wall to produce elastic deformation. After the U-shaped hook passes through the through hole, it returns to its shape, so that the hook body is hooked on the edge of the hole wall of the through hole. In this technical solution, the female snap-fit ​​head 82 can be directly opened on one side of the steel beam 4, and the male snap-fit ​​head 81 can be bent into an elastic U-shaped hook from HPB300 plain round steel bar and firmly welded to the corresponding position of the other side of the steel beam 4. When the two steel beams 4 on both sides rotate and close to the second working position under the drive of the hoisting equipment, the U-shaped hook will be the first to insert into the corresponding through hole as the two steel beams 4 approach. At the moment of insertion, the two arms of the U-shaped hook are squeezed by the wall of the through hole, forcing the steel bars to undergo elastic deformation. The two arms retract inward, allowing the entire U-shaped hook to pass smoothly through the through hole. Once it passes through, the two arms will immediately spring back outward, restoring their original shape, so that the hook body of the U-shaped hook is reliably hooked onto the edge of the hole wall at the far end of the through hole, achieving automatic locking. This process is completed automatically during the flipping process, forming an effective anti-detachment connection. This design is not only simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost, but also achieves automatic interlocking of the two side structures during hoisting, providing crucial additional stability for the steel cage in the vertical state.

[0061] In another technical solution, the sliding support 7 includes a fixed base plate 72, a sliding plate 74, multiple rollers 73, and two limiting plates 71. The fixed base plate 72 is fixedly installed on the strip-shaped base 2. The multiple rollers 73 are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the fixed base plate, and the axial direction of each roller 73 is consistent with the rotation axis direction of the first hinge support 5. The sliding plate 74 supports the multiple rollers, and the first hinge support 5 is fixedly installed on the sliding plate 74. The limiting plate 71 is an L-shaped steel plate, with its vertical side fixedly connected to the fixed base plate 72 and its horizontal side extending above the sliding plate 74. The first hinge support 5 is constrained between the two limiting plates 71. In this technology, the sliding support 7 adopts a rolling support structure. The fixed base plate 72 is anchored to the strip base 2 by anchor bolts. Multiple precision-machined rollers 73 are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the fixed base plate 72. The parallelism of the axes and the consistency of the diameters of these rollers 73 are strictly controlled. During installation, a level is used to ensure that the top surfaces of the rollers 73 are flush and that their axial direction is strictly parallel to the rotation axis of the first hinge support 5. The two L-shaped limiting plates 71 have their vertical sides welded and fixed to the two sides of the fixed base plate 72, while their horizontal sides extend above the sliding plate 74, together forming a precise constraint groove. This structure restricts the first hinge support 5, fixed on the sliding plate 74, to slide only in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the length of the groove 1.

[0062] In this technical solution, the low-friction roller 73 ensures the smooth horizontal sliding of the first hinge support 5, and can timely and without jamming compensate for the small horizontal displacement difference that inevitably occurs due to geometric relationships during the flipping process of the two-sided structure. The rigid limiting groove composed of the limiting plate 71 strictly limits the lateral offset or torsion of the rotating beam 42. The sliding support 7, from the motion mechanism, forcibly ensures the synchronicity of the trajectory of the steel beams 4 on both sides of the groove 1 and the side steel mesh units 31 they bear throughout the flipping process, providing a basis for the composite force-bearing whole formed by the steel beams 4 and the diaphragm wall steel cage 3 to achieve the near-rigid flipping motion, and effectively suppressing the uncontrollable deformation of the diaphragm wall steel cage 3.

[0063] In another technical solution, the construction method of the large diaphragm wall steel cage structure, using the aforementioned large diaphragm wall steel cage structure, includes the following steps:

[0064] S1. After the excavation of trench 1 is completed, strip-shaped bases 2 are constructed on both sides of the top of trench 1. Specifically, after the earthwork excavation and wall finishing of trench 1 are completed, the strip-shaped bases 2 are constructed at the designed positions on both sides of the top of trench 1. First, accurate measurement and layout are carried out to determine the center line and edge line of the strip-shaped bases 2. Then, formwork is erected and the steel reinforcement cage is tied. The steel reinforcement configuration must consider bearing the load transmitted by the subsequent hinged supports. Finally, concrete of strength grade C25 or higher is poured. During the pouring process, the position of the embedded parts or anchor bolts must be ensured to be accurate. The next process can only be carried out after the concrete reaches the design strength.

[0065] S2. Install multiple first hinge supports 5 on the strip base 2, and install a rotating beam 42 on each first hinge support 5. Specifically, on the strip base 2 that has reached the required strength, accurately measure and mark the installation center point of each first hinge support 5 using a total station. Then, install the first hinge supports in place and firmly fix them using the pre-embedded bolts on the strip base 2 or by using chemical anchors. During the installation process, ensure that the centers of the pin holes of all first hinge supports 5 are collinear, and that this axis is parallel to the length direction of the groove 1. After verification, align the first hinge block 423 at the first end of the rotating beam 42 with the first hinge support 5, insert the high-strength pin, and install the anti-loosening snap ring to complete the hinged installation of the rotating beam 42.

[0066] S3. With the rotating beam 42 in its first working position, install the steel beams 4, ensuring all steel beams 4 are horizontal. Specifically, while maintaining the rotating beam 42 in its horizontal first working position, use forklifts or similar equipment to transport each section of steel beam 4 to above the second end of the rotating beam 42. Through a combination of manual and mechanical methods, accurately insert the ends of the steel brackets 41 welded to the steel beams 4 between the connecting plates 422 already fixed to both sides of the web at the end of the rotating beam 42. Align the first pin hole 410 on the web of the steel bracket 41 with the second pin hole 420 on the connecting plate 422, insert the wedge-shaped fixing pins 421, and wedge them tightly with a sledgehammer. This reliably connects all the steel beams 4 to the rotating beam 42, ensuring it is in a stable horizontal position. Use steel pipes or similar structures on the ground to provide additional support for the steel beams 4 to maintain their horizontal position.

[0067] S4. Tie the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 onto the steel beam 4, so that the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 and the steel beam 4 form a whole under load. Specifically, the tying operation of the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is carried out on the steel beam 4, which has been installed in place and is in a horizontal state. Construction personnel can easily operate on the ground. First, use the support bars 43 set on the steel beam as support and positioning, lay the horizontal distribution bars and tie or spot weld them for fixation. Then install the vertical main bars to form an integral reinforcement network. At the same time, various embedded parts, such as sonic logging pipes and grouting pipes, can be easily installed.

[0068] S5. Lifting points are set on the steel beam 4. Lifting force is applied to these points using hoisting equipment. Specifically, after the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 is tied and formed integrally with the steel beam 4, steel strands or wire ropes are connected to the pre-designed lifting rings 9 on the steel beam 4. The other end of the steel strand is connected to the hook of the main hoisting equipment. After connection, the hoisting equipment slowly tightens the steel strand to initially apply force, and the entire connection system is thoroughly inspected to ensure it is error-free.

[0069] S6. The hoisting equipment drives the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 to rotate around the first hinge support 5. The rotating beam 42 rotates from the first working position to the second working position. Specifically, the hoisting equipment continues to apply a lifting force smoothly, which is transmitted to the lifting ring 9 of the steel beam 4 through the steel strands. Under the continuous action of the lifting force, the overall structure composed of the steel beam 4, the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3, and the rotating beam 42 begins to rotate slowly around the axis of the first hinge support 5. For the double-sided system, the synergistic effect of the second hinge support 6 and the sliding support 7 ensures synchronous lifting on both sides. The entire process must be kept at a uniform speed and smooth until the entire system has completely rotated from the horizontal first working position to the vertical second working position. At this time, the reinforcement cage is precisely suspended above the trench 1.

[0070] S7. Maintaining the lifting equipment in its lifting state, dismantle the connection between the rotating beam 42 and the steel beam 4. Specifically, with the lifting equipment holding the load and stably suspending the entire system, construction workers use a sledgehammer to strike the wedge-shaped fixing pin 421 from its small end to its large end, disengaging it from the pin holes of the steel bracket 41 and the connecting plate 422, thus detaching the rotating beam 42 from the steel beam 42. Afterward, the entire weight of the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 will be borne by the lifting equipment.

[0071] S8. Using hoisting equipment, lower the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 into the trench 1. Specifically, the hoisting equipment will slowly and evenly lower the steel strands at a low speed, allowing the steel beam 4 and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage 3 to sink vertically into the trench 1. During the lowering process, a dedicated person must monitor and guide the process to prevent the cage from colliding with the trench wall. Once the reinforcement cage has sunk to the design elevation, the hoisting equipment can be released, completing the entire reinforcement cage installation process.

[0072] It should be noted that although the steps are described in a specific order above, this does not mean that they must be performed in that order. In fact, some of these steps can be executed concurrently, or even in a different order, as long as the required functionality is achieved. The number of devices and processing scale described herein are for simplification of the invention; applications, modifications, and variations of this invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0073] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A large diaphragm wall reinforced cage structure, comprising strip-shaped bases (2) disposed on both sides of a trench (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Several first hinge supports (5) are installed on the strip base (2). The rotation axes of all the first hinge supports (5) on the same strip base (2) are collinear and the rotation axis is parallel to the length direction of the groove (1). A plurality of rotating beams (42), the first end of each rotating beam (42) being rotatably connected to the corresponding first hinge support (5); Several steel beams (4) are provided, and the second end of the steel beams (4) is detachably connected to the rotating beam (42); The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage (3) is fixed to the steel beam (4); The rotating beam (42) has a first working position and a second working position; In the first working position, the steel beam (4) is in a horizontal state, and the steel beam (4) and the ground diaphragm wall reinforcement cage (3) are located on the ground on the side of the trench (1); In the second working position, the steel beam (4) is in a vertical state, and the steel beam (4) and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage (3) are located directly above the trench (1); The groove (1) is symmetrically provided with a strip base (2), a number of first hinge supports (5), a number of rotating beams (42), and a number of steel beams (4). The first hinge supports (5) are installed on the strip base (2) through sliding supports (7). The sliding supports (7) limit the first hinge supports (5) to slide only in the horizontal direction perpendicular to its rotation axis. The opposite ends of the two symmetrically arranged steel beams (4) are located above the groove (1) and are hinged to each other by a second hinge support (6), which is located directly above the centerline of the groove (1). The diaphragm wall reinforcement cage (3) is composed of two side reinforcement mesh units (31), and the two side reinforcement mesh units (31) are respectively fixed on the steel beams (4) on both sides of the trench (1).

2. The large diaphragm wall steel cage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating beam (42) is an I-beam, with a first hinge block (423) fixedly connected to its first end. The first hinge block (423) is connected to the first hinge support (5) by a pin. The steel beam (4) is fixedly connected to a steel bracket (41). The web of the second end of the rotating beam (42) is fixedly connected to two connecting plates (422) extending outward from the end. The end of the steel bracket (41) is inserted between the two connecting plates (422). The web of the steel bracket (41) has a first pin hole (410), and the connecting plate (422) has a second pin hole (420). A fixing pin (421) passes through the first pin hole (410) and the second pin hole (420).

3. The large-scale diaphragm wall steel cage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first hinge support (5), the rotating beam (42), the steel beam (4) and the diaphragm wall reinforcement cage (3) are located on one side of the trench (1).

4. The large-scale diaphragm wall steel cage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple fasteners (8), each fastener (8) including a matching male fastener (81) and a female fastener (82). The male fastener (81) is fixed to a steel beam (4) on one side, and the female fastener (82) is fixed to a symmetrical position on the other side of the steel beam (4). When the rotating beam (42) is in the second working position, the male fastener (81) and the corresponding female fastener (82) are inserted and locked together.

5. The large diaphragm wall steel cage structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the rotating beam (42) is in the second working position, the two symmetrical rotating beams (42) are connected on their opposite side surfaces. The female buckle (82) is a through hole opened on the side surface of one side steel beam (4), and the male buckle (81) is a U-shaped hook formed by bending a plain round steel bar on the other side steel beam (4). During the movement of the steel beam (4) to the second working position, the U-shaped hook is inserted into the through hole, and its two arms are squeezed by the hole wall to produce elastic deformation. After the U-shaped hook passes through the through hole, it returns to its shape, so that the hook body is hooked on the edge of the hole wall of the through hole.

6. The large diaphragm wall steel cage structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding support (7) includes a fixed base plate (72), a sliding plate (74), multiple rollers (73), and two limiting plates (71). The fixed base plate (72) is fixedly installed on the strip base (2). The multiple rollers (73) are arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the fixed base plate (72). The axial direction of each roller (73) is consistent with the rotation axis direction of the first hinge support (5). The sliding plate (74) is supported on the multiple rollers (73). The first hinge support (5) is fixedly installed on the sliding plate (74). The two limiting plates (71) are L-shaped steel plates. Their vertical sides are fixedly connected to the fixed base plate (72), and their horizontal sides extend to the top of the sliding plate (74). The first hinge support (5) is restricted between the two limiting plates (71).

7. A construction method for a large diaphragm wall reinforced cage structure, applicable to the large diaphragm wall reinforced cage structure described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. After the trench (1) is excavated, strip bases (2) are constructed on both sides of the top of the trench (1); S2. Install multiple first hinge supports (5) on the strip base (2), and install a rotating beam (42) on each first hinge support (5); S3. Rotate the beam (42) to keep it in the first working position and install the steel beam (4) so ​​that all the steel beams (4) are kept in a horizontal state; S4. Tie the ground diaphragm reinforcement cage (3) to the steel beam (4) so ​​that the ground diaphragm reinforcement cage (3) and the steel beam (4) form a whole for bearing load. S5. Set up lifting points on the steel beam (4) and apply lifting force to the lifting points using lifting equipment; S6. The hoisting equipment drives the steel beam (4) and the diaphragm wall steel cage (3) to rotate around the first hinge support (5), and the rotating beam (42) rotates from the first working position to the second working position. S7. Keep the hoisting equipment in the hoisting state and remove the connection between the rotating beam (42) and the steel beam (4); S8. The steel beam (4) and the diaphragm wall steel cage (3) are lowered into the trench (1) using hoisting equipment.

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