Horizontal shaft hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experiment device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a horizontal shaft hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device and method.The experimental device comprises a material mixing unit, a pump injection unit, a horizontal shaft unit and a recycling unit which are sequentially connected, and the material mixing unit is connected with the pump injection unit through a pipeline; the horizontal shaft unit comprises a horizontal shaft and a plurality of clusters of holes formed in the horizontal shaft; and the recovery unit is connected with the multi-cluster eyelets through pipelines. The experimental method is realized by adopting the horizontal shaft hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device. The horizontal shaft hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device is used for researching the plugging characteristics of the temporary plugging material under the hole abrasion condition, the defect that hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging are not considered integrally at present is overcome, and an advanced means is provided for inter-cluster temporary plugging process parameter optimization research.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of petroleum engineering, in particular, to a horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Inter-cluster temporary plugging and diverting fracturing is a key technology to realize full reconstruction of horizontal section of shale gas reservoir. The technology usually refers to using temporary plugging material to plug the opened perforation hole, so as to force the subsequent fluid to divert, open a new fracture, and realize the purpose of improving the reconstruction degree of horizontal section. The plugging characteristics of temporary plugging material at the hole is an important factor affecting the effect of inter-cluster temporary plugging and diverting fracturing. Through the development of horizontal wellbore hole temporary plugging experiment, it is an important method to analyze the plugging characteristics of temporary plugging material at the hole. The commonly used horizontal wellbore hole temporary plugging experimental device usually sets the hole as a circle and the hole diameter is constant. However, the downhole television research results show that due to the non-uniform erosion of proppant to the hole during fracturing, the shape and diameter of the hole of different perforation clusters and different phase angles change dramatically, which is different from the initial shape and diameter. Therefore, the current horizontal wellbore hole temporary plugging experimental device is difficult to be used to study the influence of hole erosion on the plugging characteristics of temporary plugging material at the hole. In terms of hole erosion, the current hole erosion experimental research mainly focuses on single cluster and single hole, ignoring the influence of perforation cluster number and hole phase, and the hole erosion research is not combined with temporary ball plugging research.

[0003] In summary, the current experimental device and method are difficult to be used to study the multi-cluster multi-hole erosion characteristics and the plugging characteristics of temporary plugging material at the hole under the erosion condition. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device and method which can not only be used to study the multi-cluster multi-hole erosion characteristics, but also be used to study the plugging characteristics of temporary plugging material at the hole under the erosion condition.

[0004] A Chinese invention patent with the application number "CN202010300976.6" and the title "Experimental device and method for simulating downhole temporary plugging and fracturing experiment" discloses an experimental device for simulating downhole temporary plugging and fracturing experiment, comprising: a plurality of flat plate crack mechanisms, including two flat plates arranged at intervals and enclosed on four sides and a cylindrical perforation mechanism, a simulated crack is formed between the two flat plates, and the perforation mechanism is provided with a plurality of perforations in communication with the simulated crack; a plurality of horizontal wellbores connected in sequence and passing through the flat plate crack mechanism; a circulating pump, the simulated crack and the horizontal wellbore are respectively in communication with the circulating pump; and a temporary plugging material; wherein, the simulated crack is provided with a detection mechanism, the temporary plugging material can enter the horizontal wellbore with the liquid, and then be set in the perforation position or enter the simulated crack to simulate the temporary plugging operation, the plugging effect of the temporary plugging material on the perforation and the temporary plugging effect on the simulated crack can be observed through the flat plate crack mechanism, so as to determine the temporary plugging effect of the simulation experiment through the observation and detection mechanism. However, the experimental device and its structure of the present application are different, and the experimental method is also different. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to solve one or more problems existing in the prior art. For example, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide a horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device and method, which provides technical support for cluster temporary plugging process parameter optimization research.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, one aspect of the present application provides a horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device, which can include: a mixing unit, a pump injection unit and a horizontal wellbore unit connected in sequence, and a recovery unit, wherein the mixing unit is connected with the pump injection unit through a pipeline; the horizontal wellbore unit includes a horizontal wellbore and a plurality of cluster holes mounted on the horizontal wellbore; and the recovery unit is connected with the plurality of cluster holes through a pipeline.

[0007] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, the mixing unit can include a sand mixing tank and a stirrer, wherein the sand mixing tank is provided with a feeding port at the top for adding at least one of the proppant and the carrier fluid; and the stirrer is arranged in the sand mixing tank, which can mix the carrier fluid and the proppant uniformly and prevent the proppant from settling at the bottom of the sand mixing tank.

[0008] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, a first valve can be arranged on the pipeline connecting the mixing unit and the pump injection unit, to control the entry of at least one of the carrier fluid and the proppant into the pump injection unit.

[0009] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, a ball throwing unit can be arranged on the horizontal wellbore, and a second valve is arranged on the ball throwing unit to control the number of temporary plugging balls and the interval of ball throwing time.

[0010] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, a third valve can be further arranged on the horizontal wellbore, and the third valve can regulate objects entering the horizontal wellbore.

[0011] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, two adjacent clusters in the multi-cluster perforation can be arranged at a predetermined distance, and each perforation in each cluster can be uniformly distributed at a predetermined distance along the horizontal wellbore.

[0012] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, a flow meter can be arranged on a pipeline connecting the recovery unit and the multi-cluster perforation, so as to record the change of the flow size of the perforation in real time during the experiment.

[0013] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of one aspect of the present application, the experimental device can further comprise a blow-off pipeline connected to an end of the horizontal wellbore away from the pumping unit, and a fourth valve is arranged on the blow-off pipeline.

[0014] Another aspect of the present application provides a horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing integrated experiment method, which can be realized by using the horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing integrated experimental device as described above. The experimental method can comprise the following steps: selecting 40-140 mesh proppants, 13.5-22 m diameter temporary plugging balls and 3-10 mPa.s viscosity carrying fluid as experimental samples, determining the experimental displacement and perforation erosion time; mixing the proppants and the carrying fluid uniformly in the mixing unit to obtain a mixed fluid; using the pumping unit to pump the mixed fluid in the mixing unit to the horizontal wellbore at the determined experimental displacement for the determined perforation erosion time, recording the flow size of each perforation in the multi-cluster perforation during the perforation erosion, and recording the sand amount of each perforation by using the recovery unit; stopping the pump, removing the multi-cluster perforation, analyzing the shape characteristics and equivalent inner diameter size of each perforation after erosion, and establishing the relationship between the equivalent inner diameter of the perforation and the sand amount of the perforation; installing the removed multi-cluster perforation at the original installation position of the horizontal wellbore, pumping only the carrying fluid without adding the proppants, and pumping the temporary plugging balls, the displacement is still the determined experimental displacement, and recording the flow change size of the perforation; analyzing the setting sequence and setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; after the temporary plugging balls are set and sealed in the perforation, adding the proppants as the experimental sample in the mixing unit, mixing the carrying fluid and the proppants uniformly in the mixing unit, and then injecting them into the horizontal wellbore by using the pumping unit, and analyzing the influence of the proppant scouring action on the setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; at the end of the experiment, releasing the pressure, and cleaning the experimental device by pumping clean water through the pumping unit.

[0015] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present application, the experimental displacement can be determined by the following formula 1:

[0016] Formula 1:

[0017] wherein Q2 is the experimental displacement, m 3 / min; Q1 is the actual field displacement, m 3 / min; S1 is the field single-stage open cluster number, dimensionless; S2 is the experimental horizontal wellbore cluster number, dimensionless; R2 is the experimental horizontal wellbore radius, m; and R1 is the actual horizontal wellbore radius, m.

[0018] According to one or more exemplary embodiments of another aspect of the present application, the perforation erosion time can be determined by the following formula 2:

[0019] Formula 2:

[0020] wherein T2 is the perforation erosion time, min; M1 is the average sanding amount before the temporary plugging ball is added, kg; C2 is the experimental average sanding concentration, kg / m 3 ; Q2 is the experimental displacement, m 3 / min; S1 is the field single-stage open cluster number, dimensionless; and S2 is the experimental horizontal wellbore cluster number, dimensionless.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device provided by the present application not only can be used to study the perforation erosion characteristics of multiple clusters and multiple perforations, but also can be used to study the plugging characteristics of the temporary plugging material at the perforation under the perforation erosion condition.

[0023] (2) The horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device provided by the present application takes into account the influence of proppant erosion on the shape and size change characteristics of the perforation, can be used to study the relationship between the perforation erosion and the proppant entering amount of different perforation clusters at different phase angles, and analyze the perforation erosion law.

[0024] (3) The horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device provided by the present application can also be used to study the plugging characteristics of the temporary plugging material under the perforation erosion condition, overcome the shortcomings that the perforation erosion and the temporary plugging material plugging are not considered integrally at present, and provide an advanced means for the optimization research of the inter-cluster temporary plugging process parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The above and other objects and / or characteristics of the present application will become more apparent by describing in detail the present application with reference to the attached drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 Figure 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of the integrated experimental device for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2A Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the shape before perforation erosion in Example 1 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2B Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the shape after perforation erosion in Example 1 of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the equivalent inner diameter of the perforation and the perforation sand entry volume in Example 1 of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the change in the size of the perforation flow during the temporary plugging material plugging process in Example 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the change in the size of the perforation flow during the process of proppant flushing of the set temporary plugging ball in Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] 11 - sand mixing tank, 12 - mixer, 2 - sand entry pipeline, 21 - first valve, 3 - pump injection unit, 4 - ball injection unit, 41 - second valve, 51 - horizontal wellbore, 52 - third valve, 53 - first cluster of perforations, 54 - second cluster of perforations, 55 - recovery unit, 56 - flow meter, 57 - sand exit pipeline, 6 - blowout pipeline, 61 - fourth valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the following, the integrated experimental device and method for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging of the present application will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second", "third", "fourth" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material integrated experimental device provided by the present application mainly comprises: a sand mixing unit, a sand inlet pipeline, a pump injection unit, a horizontal wellbore unit, a flowmeter, a sand outlet pipeline, a recovery unit and a blowout pipeline. The right end of the sand mixing unit is connected with the left end of the pump injection unit through the sand inlet pipeline, the right end of the pump injection unit is directly connected with the left end of the horizontal wellbore unit, the right end of the horizontal wellbore unit is connected with the blowout pipeline, and the horizontal wellbore unit is connected with the recovery unit through the sand outlet pipeline around. The sand mixing unit comprises a sand mixing tank and a mixer, a feeding port is arranged at the top of the sand mixing tank for adding proppant and carrying fluid, a mixer is arranged in the sand mixing tank, the mixer is opened in real time to ensure uniform mixing of the proppant and the carrying fluid, and the proppant is prevented from settling at the bottom of the sand mixing tank, and the right lower part of the sand mixing tank is the outlet of the mixed proppant and carrying fluid. The horizontal wellbore unit comprises a horizontal wellbore, a ball throwing unit, a valve and a hole are arranged on the horizontal wellbore, the ball throwing unit is used for throwing temporary plugging balls, the valve is arranged on the ball throwing unit to realize precise control of the number of temporary plugging balls and the time interval of ball throwing, and the valve is arranged between the ball throwing unit and the hole to control the proppant, the carrying fluid and the temporary plugging balls entering the hole. There are totally 2 clusters of 12 holes in the hole, the hole phases are 0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 270° and 360° respectively, the initial shape of the hole is circular, the initial inner diameter is 10mm, and the hole and the horizontal wellbore are separable, that is, when the pump is stopped and the valve between the ball throwing unit and the hole is closed, the hole can be taken out to observe the shape and size after erosion. The flowmeters are arranged on the sand outlet pipelines to record the flow change of each hole in real time, and the temporary plugging ball setting characteristics are judged according to the flow change characteristics. The recovery unit can record the amount of proppant entering the hole at different times, and the relationship between the hole erosion and the proppant entering amount can be established by combining the observed hole erosion.

[0038] The present invention provides an integrated experimental method for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing, which may include the following steps: After uniformly mixing proppant and carrier fluid in a sand mixing unit, the mixed fluid is pumped into the horizontal wellbore through a pumping unit at a predetermined discharge rate and erosion time; the flow meter is turned on to record the flow rate changes of each perforation in real time, and a recovery unit is used to record the proppant dosage entering each perforation; the pump is stopped and the valve is closed, the perforation is removed, and the erosion of perforations with different perforation clusters and different phase angles is observed, and the shape characteristics and equivalent inner diameter of the perforated perforations are analyzed; the mass of proppant in each perforation recovery unit is counted, and the relationship between the equivalent inner diameter of perforations with different perforation clusters and different phase angles and the amount of sand entering the perforation is established; after observing the perforation erosion characteristics, the perforation is installed back in its original position in the horizontal wellbore, and a temporary plugging ball setting experiment is continued, this time without adding proppant, only the carrier fluid is pumped. Simultaneously, a specified number of temporary plugging balls were deployed through the ball-throwing unit. The setting sequence and effectiveness of the plugging balls were analyzed by observing the order and magnitude of flow changes at each orifice. The orifice with the earliest decrease in flow indicated that it was the first to be set by the plugging balls. If the flow remained unchanged, the plugging balls had not set the orifice. Small changes in flow indicated that the plugging balls had not completely set the orifice. When the flow reached zero, the plugging balls had completely set the orifice, achieving the best setting effect. After the plugging balls had set at the orifices, proppant was re-added, and the effect of proppant scouring on the setting effect was analyzed. If the orifice flow increased, it indicated that the plugging balls had fallen from the orifice due to proppant scouring, resulting in setting failure. At the end of the experiment, the release line was opened to release pressure, and the sand mixing tank, pumping unit, and horizontal wellbore unit were cleaned with water.

[0039] Exemplary Example 1

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the integrated experimental device for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] This exemplary embodiment provides an integrated experimental device for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the experimental apparatus may include: a mixing unit, a pumping unit 3 and a horizontal wellbore unit connected in sequence, and a recovery unit 55.

[0043] The mixing unit and the pumping unit 3 are connected via a sand inlet pipeline 2. The horizontal wellbore unit includes a horizontal wellbore 51 and multiple clusters of orifices installed on the horizontal wellbore 51. The recovery unit 55 is connected to the multiple clusters of orifices via a sand outlet pipeline 57. Here, a first valve 21 may be installed on the sand inlet pipeline 2 to control the entry of at least one of the carrier fluid and proppant into the pumping unit 3. The maximum discharge capacity of the pumping unit 3 is 2m³. 3The length of the sand flow line 57 can be 1 m, the inner diameter can be 10 mm, and a flow meter 56 can be arranged on the sand flow line 57 to record the change of the flow rate of each hole in real time during the experiment, and the setting sequence and setting effect of the temporary plugging ball can be analyzed according to the sequence and size of the change of the flow rate of each hole. The volume of the recovery unit can be 0.5 L, and the amount of proppant entering each hole can be recorded, which can be used to analyze the relationship between hole abrasion and proppant entering amount. Each hole in each cluster of holes can be uniformly spaced according to a predetermined distance along the horizontal wellbore direction, and adjacent two clusters of holes in the multiple clusters of holes can be arranged at a predetermined distance, for example, the distance between the first cluster of holes 53 and the second cluster of holes 54 can be 4 m. The shape, inner diameter and distance between holes of the first cluster of holes 53 are consistent with those of the second cluster of holes 54. The inner diameter of all holes can be 10 mm, and the shape can be circular. The distance between the two holes farthest apart in the same cluster of holes can be 0.5 m, and one cluster of holes can include 7 holes, which are equally distributed along the horizontal wellbore direction, i.e., the distance can be 0.083 m. The phase angles of the holes in the same cluster of holes are in the order of 0°, 60°, 120°, 180°, 240°, 270° and 360° from small to large according to the distance from the ball throwing unit. All holes can be removed from the horizontal wellbore to observe and analyze the changes in hole shape and inner diameter caused by abrasion.

[0044] In the present exemplary embodiment, the mixing unit can include a sand mixing tank 11 and a mixer 12, wherein the sand mixing tank 11 is provided with a feeding port at the top to add at least one of the proppant and the carrying fluid, and the mixer 12 is arranged in the sand mixing tank 11 and can uniformly mix the carrying fluid and the proppant and prevent the proppant from settling at the bottom of the sand mixing tank. Here, the mixer 12 can be arranged at the bottom position in the sand mixing tank 11, and the volume of the sand mixing tank can be 2 m 3 .

[0045] In the present exemplary embodiment, the horizontal wellbore 51 can be provided with a ball throwing unit 4, and the ball throwing unit 4 is provided with a second valve 41 at the lower part to control the number of temporary plugging balls thrown and the time interval of throwing. The horizontal wellbore 51 can also be provided with a third valve 52, which can adjust the objects entering the horizontal wellbore 51, and here, the objects entering the horizontal wellbore can include at least one of the proppant, the temporary plugging ball and the carrying fluid.

[0046] In the present exemplary embodiment, the experimental device can further comprise a blow-off line 6 connected to the end of the horizontal wellbore 51 away from the pumping unit 3, and a fourth valve 61 is arranged on the blow-off line 6. Here, the length of the blow-off line can be 0.2 meters, and the inner diameter can be 50 mm. The blow-off line 6 serves as an outlet for the mixed fluid, and after the experiment is completed, the experimental wastewater can be discharged through the blow-off line 6 to clean the horizontal wellbore unit and other components. If the experimental pressure exceeds the upper limit of the equipment pressure of 20 MPa during the experiment, the fourth valve 61 will automatically open to discharge the fluid through the blow-off line 6 to relieve the pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the experiment.

[0047] Exemplary Embodiment 2

[0048] The present exemplary embodiment provides a horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental method, which can be realized by using the horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device as described in exemplary embodiment 1. The horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental method of the present exemplary embodiment is described below in combination with the horizontal wellbore hole erosion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device of exemplary embodiment 1.

[0049] The experimental method can comprise the following steps: selecting 40-140 mesh proppants, temporary plugging balls with a diameter of 13.5-22 mm, and a carrying fluid with a viscosity of 3-10 mPa.s as experimental samples, determining the experimental displacement and hole erosion time; mixing the proppants and the carrying fluid uniformly in the mixing unit to obtain a mixed fluid; using the pumping unit to pump the mixed fluid in the mixing unit to the horizontal wellbore at the determined experimental displacement for the determined hole erosion time, recording the flow rate of each hole in the multi-cluster hole during the hole erosion process, and recording the sand influx of each hole using the recovery unit; stopping the pump, removing the multi-cluster hole, analyzing the shape characteristics and equivalent inner diameter size of each hole after erosion, and establishing the relationship between the hole equivalent inner diameter and the hole sand influx; installing the removed multi-cluster hole at the original installation position of the horizontal wellbore, pumping only the carrying fluid without adding proppants, and pumping the temporary plugging balls, the displacement being the determined experimental displacement, and recording the flow rate change of the hole; analyzing the setting sequence and setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; after the temporary plugging balls are set in the hole, adding the proppants as experimental samples in the mixing unit, mixing the carrying fluid and the proppants uniformly in the mixing unit, and then injecting them into the horizontal wellbore through the pumping unit, and analyzing the influence of the proppant scouring action on the setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; at the end of the experiment, relieving the pressure, and pumping clean water through the pumping unit to clean the experimental device.

[0050] Further, the experimental method can comprise the following steps:

[0051] The 40-140 mesh silt, the temporary plugging ball with 13.5-22 mm diameter and the carrying fluid with 3-10 mPa.s viscosity are selected as the experimental sample, the experimental displacement and the hole abrasion time are determined;

[0052] The first valve 21 is closed and the stirrer 12 is opened, so that the silt and the carrying fluid are mixed uniformly in the sand mixing tank;

[0053] The second valve 41 and the fourth valve 61 are closed, the first valve 21 and the third valve 52 are opened, the good hole abrasion time is determined as the experimental time, the pump injection unit 3 is used to pump the mixed fluid in the sand mixing tank 11 at the good experimental displacement, all the flow meters 56 on the sand outlet lines 57 are opened, the flow size of each hole during the hole abrasion is recorded, and the sand injection amount of each hole is recorded by using the recovery unit 55;

[0054] The pump is stopped, the first valve 21 and the third valve 52 are closed, the flow meters 56 are closed, all the holes are taken out, the shape characteristics and the equivalent inner diameter size of each hole after the hole abrasion are analyzed, and the relationship between the hole equivalent inner diameter and the hole sand injection amount is established;

[0055] All the taken-out holes are respectively installed at the original installation positions of the horizontal wellbore 51, the proppant, i.e. the silt, is not added, only the carrying fluid, i.e. the slick water, is pumped, the temporary plugging ball is put by using the ball putting unit 4, the displacement is still the good experimental displacement, the first valve 21, the second valve 41 and the third valve 52 are opened, the fourth valve 61 is closed, and all the flow meters 56 are opened, so that the flow change size of the hole is recorded;

[0056] The setting sequence and the setting effect of the temporary plugging ball are analyzed;

[0057] When the temporary plugging ball is set and sealed at the hole, the second valve 41 is closed, the silt as the experimental sample is added in the sand mixing tank 11, the carrying fluid and the silt are mixed uniformly and then injected into the horizontal wellbore 51 by using the pump injection unit 3, and the influence of the silt scouring action on the setting effect of the temporary plugging ball is analyzed;

[0058] The experiment is ended, the fourth valve 61 is opened to release the pressure, and the clean water is pumped by using the pump injection unit 3 to clean the experimental device.

[0059] In the example embodiment, the experimental displacement can be determined by the following formula 1:

[0060] Formula 1:

[0061] Wherein, Q2 is the experimental displacement, m 3 / min; Q1 is the actual field displacement, m 3 / min; S1 is the number of clusters opened in a single section on site, dimensionless; S2 is the number of clusters in the experimental horizontal wellbore, dimensionless; R2 is the radius of the experimental horizontal wellbore, m; R1 is the actual radius of the horizontal wellbore, m.

[0062] In this exemplary embodiment, the aperture erosion time can be determined by the following formula 2:

[0063] Formula 2:

[0064] Where T2 is the pore erosion time, min; M1 is the average amount of sand added before the addition of the temporary plugging ball, kg; and C2 is the average sand concentration added in the experiment, kg / m³. 3 Q2 is the experimental displacement, in m³. 3 / min; S1 is the number of clusters opened in a single segment on site, dimensionless; S2 is the number of clusters in the experimental horizontal wellbore, dimensionless.

[0065] To better understand the above exemplary embodiment 2, it will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] In this example, the integrated experimental method for horizontal wellbore perforation erosion and temporary plugging material sealing may include the following steps:

[0068] (1) Selecting experimental samples. Commonly used 100-mesh sand, temporary plugging balls with diameters of 13mm, 15mm and 19mm, and slickwater with a viscosity of 3mPa.s can be used as experimental samples.

[0069] (2) Determine the experimental displacement. The on-site construction displacement is 12m³. 3 / min, with 6 clusters opened in a single section on-site, the actual inner diameter of the horizontal wellbore is 0.114m, the number of clusters in the experimental horizontal wellbore is 2, and the inner diameter of the experimental horizontal wellbore is 0.06m. Therefore, according to Equation 1 above, the experimental discharge rate can be calculated as 1.11m. 3 / min.

[0070] (3) Determine the pore erosion time. The average amount of sand added before the temporary plugging ball was added was 110,000 kg, and the average sand concentration on site was 100 kg / m³. 3 Since the average sand concentration added in the experiment is consistent with the average sand concentration added on site, the hole erosion time can be calculated as 33.03 min according to Equation 2 above.

[0071] (4) Prepare for the pore abrasion test. Close the first valve 21 and turn on the mixer 12 to make the powder sand and the carrying liquid in step (1) mix evenly in the sand mixing tank 11.

[0072] (5) Start the orifice erosion experiment. Close the second valve 41 and the fourth valve 61, and open the first valve 21 and the third valve 52. Use the orifice erosion time calculated in step (3) as the experiment duration, and use the pumping unit 3 to pump the mixed fluid in the sand mixing tank 11 according to the discharge rate calculated in step (2). At the same time, open all the flow meters 56 connected to the first cluster of orifices 53 and the second cluster of orifices 54, record the flow rate of each orifice during the orifice erosion process, and use the recovery unit 55 to record the sand feed rate of each orifice.

[0073] (6) Stop the pump, close the first valve 21 and the third valve 52, close the flow meter 56, take out the first cluster of holes 53 and the second cluster of holes 54, and analyze the shape characteristics and equivalent inner diameter of each hole after abrasion. Figure 2A A schematic diagram of the morphology of the perforation before erosion is shown. Figure 2B A schematic diagram of the morphology of the perforated holes after abrasion is shown. Figure 2A and Figure 2B A comparison of the two figures reveals that during proppant fracturing, the continuous influx of proppant into the pores leads to non-uniform erosion. The shape and inner diameter of the pores after proppant erosion are completely different from their initial state. Therefore, the relationship between the equivalent inner diameter of the pore and the amount of proppant introduced into the pore needs to be established. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the equivalent inner diameter of the orifice and the sand inlet rate is provided. Figure 3 It can be seen that as the amount of sand fed into the orifice increases, the inner diameter of the orifice continuously increases. When the amount of sand fed into the orifice reaches 1750 kg, the inner diameter of the orifice increases from 10 mm to 10.9 mm. Therefore, the abrasive effect of the proppant on the orifice must be considered when conducting the setting test of the temporary plugging ball.

[0074] (7) Start the temporary plugging ball setting test. Install the removed first cluster of orifices 53 and the second cluster of orifices 54 at their original positions in the horizontal wellbore. At this time, no proppant is added, only the carrying fluid is pumped in. At the same time, 14 temporary plugging balls with a diameter of 13mm are released through the ball-dropping unit 4, and the discharge rate calculated in step (2) is used as the experimental discharge rate. Open the first valve 21, the second valve 41 and the third valve 52, close the fourth valve 61, open all the flow meters 56 connected to the first cluster of orifices 53 and the second cluster of orifices 54, and record the change in flow rate of the orifices.

[0075] (8) Analyze the sealing sequence and sealing effect of the temporary block ball. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the change in flow rate through the orifice during the temporary plugging process. Figure 4 As shown, the orifice flow rate decreases first, indicating that the orifice is first sealed by the temporary plugging ball. When the orifice flow rate does not change, it indicates that the temporary plugging ball has not sealed the orifice. When the orifice flow rate changes slightly, it indicates that the temporary plugging ball has not completely sealed the orifice. When the orifice flow rate becomes completely zero, it indicates that the temporary plugging ball has completely sealed the orifice, and the sealing effect is the best.

[0076] (9) After the temporary plugging ball is set at the orifice, close the second valve 41, add 100-mesh sand from step (1) to the sand mixing tank 11, and turn on the mixer 12. Mix the carrying liquid and sand evenly and then inject it into the horizontal wellbore 51 through the pumping unit 3. Analyze the effect of sand scouring on the setting effect of the temporary plugging ball. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the change in orifice flow rate during the proppant flushing of the set temporary plugging ball, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, if the flow rate through the orifice increases, it indicates that the temporary plugging ball has fallen out of the orifice due to the scouring effect of the proppant, resulting in the failure of the setting seal.

[0077] (10) After the experiment, open the fourth valve 61 to release the pressure and pump clean water through the pumping unit 3 to clean the experimental device.

[0078] In summary, this invention considers the influence of proppant erosion on the shape and size variation characteristics of perforations. It can be used to study the relationship between perforation erosion and proppant ingress amount at different phase angles of different perforation clusters, analyze the perforation erosion law, and further study the plugging characteristics of temporary plugging materials under perforation erosion conditions. It overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that do not consider perforation erosion and temporary plugging material plugging in an integrated manner, and provides an advanced means for the optimization of inter-cluster temporary plugging process parameters.

[0079] Although the invention has been described above in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A horizontal wellbore hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device, characterized in that, The experimental device comprises a mixing unit, a pump injection unit and a horizontal wellbore unit connected in sequence, and a recovery unit, wherein, The mixing unit is connected with the pump injection unit through a pipeline; The horizontal wellbore unit comprises a horizontal wellbore and a plurality of clusters of holes installed on the horizontal wellbore; The recovery unit is connected with the plurality of clusters of holes through a pipeline.

2. The integrated plug and abrasion experiment apparatus for horizontal wellbore perforation and temporary plugging materials of claim 1, wherein, The mixing unit comprises a sand mixing tank and a stirrer, wherein, The sand mixing tank is provided with a feeding port at the top for adding at least one of a proppant and a carrying fluid; The stirrer is arranged in the sand mixing tank and can mix the carrying fluid and the proppant uniformly and prevent the proppant from settling at the bottom of the sand mixing tank.

3. The integrated plug and abrasion testing device for horizontal wellbore perforation and temporary plugging materials of claim 1, wherein, A first valve is arranged on the pipeline connecting the mixing unit with the pump injection unit to control the entry of at least one of the carrying fluid and the proppant into the pump injection unit.

4. The integrated plug and abrasion testing device for horizontal wellbore perforation and temporary plugging materials of claim 1, wherein, A ball injection unit is arranged on the horizontal wellbore, and a second valve is arranged on the ball injection unit to control the number and time interval of injection of the temporary plugging balls.

5. The horizontal wellbore hole abrasion and temporary plugging material integrated experimental device of claim 4, wherein, A third valve is further arranged on the horizontal wellbore to adjust the objects entering the horizontal wellbore.

6. The integrated plug and abrasion testing device for horizontal wellbore perforation and temporary plugging materials of claim 1, wherein, Adjacent two clusters of the plurality of clusters of holes are arranged at a predetermined distance, and each hole in each cluster of holes is uniformly distributed at a predetermined distance along the horizontal wellbore.

7. The integrated plug-and-abrade device of claim 1, wherein the plug-and-abrade device is configured to be inserted into a horizontal wellbore. A flow meter is arranged on the pipeline connecting the recovery unit with the plurality of clusters of holes to record the change of the flow size of the holes in real time during the experiment.

8. The integrated plug-and-abrade device of claim 1, wherein, The experimental device further comprises a blow-off pipeline connected with one end of the horizontal wellbore away from the pump injection unit, and a fourth valve is arranged on the blow-off pipeline.

9. A method for integrated plug and abrasion of a horizontal wellbore hole, comprising: The experimental method is realized by using the horizontal wellbore hole abrasion and temporary plugging material plugging integrated experimental device according to any one of claims 1-8, and the experimental method comprises the following steps: Selecting 40-140 mesh proppants, temporary plugging balls with a diameter of 13.5-22 mm and carrying fluid with a viscosity of 3-10 mPa.s as experimental samples, determining the experimental displacement and hole abrasion time; Mixing the proppants and the carrying fluid uniformly in the mixing unit to obtain a mixed fluid; Using the pump injection unit to pump the mixed fluid in the mixing unit to the horizontal wellbore at the determined experimental displacement for the determined hole abrasion time, recording the flow size of each hole in the plurality of clusters of holes during the hole abrasion process, and recording the sand entering amount of each hole by using the recovery unit; Stopping the pump, taking out the plurality of clusters of holes, analyzing the shape characteristics and equivalent inner diameter size of each hole after abrasion, and establishing the relationship between the hole equivalent inner diameter and the sand entering amount; Installing the taken-out plurality of clusters of holes at the original installation position of the horizontal wellbore, pumping only the carrying fluid without adding the proppant, injecting the temporary plugging balls, and recording the flow change size of the holes; Analyzing the setting sequence and setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; After the temporary plugging balls are set and sealed at the holes, adding the proppants as the experimental samples in the mixing unit, mixing the carrying fluid and the proppants uniformly in the mixing unit, and then injecting them into the horizontal wellbore through the pump injection unit to analyze the influence of the proppant scouring action on the setting effect of the temporary plugging balls; At the end of the experiment, releasing the pressure and pumping clean water through the pump injection unit to clean the experimental device.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method is characterized by: The experimental displacement is determined by the following formula 1: Formula 1: wherein Q2 is the experimental displacement, m 3 Q1 is the actual field displacement, m 3 S1 is the field single interval open cluster number, dimensionless; S2 is the experimental horizontal wellbore cluster number, dimensionless; R2 is the experimental horizontal wellbore radius, m; and R1 is the actual horizontal wellbore radius, m.

11. The method of claim 9, wherein the method is characterized by: The hole erosion time is determined by the following formula 2: Formula 2: Wherein, T2 is the hole erosion time, min; M1 is the average sanding amount before the temporary plugging ball is added, kg; C2 is the average sand concentration of the experiment, kg / m 3 ; Q2 is the experimental displacement, m 3 / min; S1 is the number of single-section open clusters in the field, dimensionless; S2 is the number of horizontal wellbore clusters in the experiment, dimensionless.

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