Disturbance triggering type operation control method for mineral drilling engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mineral drilling engineering, and provides a disturbance triggering type operation control method for mineral drilling engineering. The method comprises the following steps: determining a disturbance control target according to geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of a drilling operation area, and implementing the disturbance control target as control thresholds of three disturbance indexes of noise, waste discharge and soil disturbance; disturbance indexes are obtained in the drilling operation process; analyzing the change condition of the disturbance index in a preset time window, and judging whether a disturbance triggering condition is met or not in combination with a control threshold value of the disturbance index; when the disturbance triggering condition is met, the drilling operation behavior is restrained, and drilling slag is discharged in a segmented mode in cooperation with a pulse slag discharging mode; and after the disturbance index falls back and is kept in the disturbance control target range, the drilling behavior constraint is relieved. According to the method and the device, the drilling operation can be adjusted according to the disturbance change condition, so that the environmental disturbance in the drilling operation process is subjected to procedural control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mineral exploration technology, and in particular to a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral drilling is a crucial method for obtaining underground geological information in mineral resource exploration and mine construction. Its operation typically involves continuous processes including drill bit cutting and rock breaking, drill string rotation and propulsion, drilling fluid circulation to carry cuttings, and cuttings removal. During continuous drilling operations, the operation of the drilling rig, drilling activities, and cuttings removal inevitably cause some degree of disturbance to the work area and its surrounding environment. This is typically manifested as changes in noise levels, the amount of cuttings discharged, and the extent of surface disturbance at the work site. Especially in mineral drilling projects with long drilling cycles or large drilling depths, these environmental disturbances often change gradually as the operation progresses, exhibiting dynamic characteristics that evolve over time.

[0003] In existing technologies, the control of environmental disturbances during mineral drilling operations typically involves pre-setting drilling parameters or operational specifications before the operation begins, and adjusting drilling speed, drilling fluid volume, or slag removal methods based on experience during the operation. When necessary, interventions are made through methods such as stopping drilling or limiting operational intensity. While this approach is widely used in engineering practice, its control is largely based on static settings or manual experience, making it difficult to reflect the actual changes in environmental disturbance indicators over time during drilling operations.

[0004] Due to the lack of a mechanism for determining the changing trends of environmental disturbance indicators, existing drilling operation control methods typically only take control measures after the disturbance has significantly increased. This makes it difficult to identify the critical stage where the disturbance transitions from a controllable to an unfavorable state in a timely manner, easily leading to a lag in the response of drilling behavior control. Consequently, environmental disturbances accumulate continuously during the operation or are released in concentrated bursts within localized time periods. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an operational method that can trigger drilling operations based on the changing trends of environmental disturbance indicators during mineral drilling operations, and promptly implement responsive control of drilling behavior when a controllable critical state is reached. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering, which solves the problem that the existing mineral drilling operation lacks a trigger judgment mechanism based on the changing trend of environmental disturbance indicators, resulting in a lag in the response of drilling behavior control and the easy accumulation of environmental disturbances.

[0006] This application provides a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering, comprising the following steps: S1. Determination of disturbance control targets: Based on the geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area, disturbance control targets are determined to characterize the degree of disturbance in the drilling operation environment. The disturbance control targets include control thresholds for three types of disturbance indicators: noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance. S2. Acquisition of disturbance indicators: During drilling operations, disturbance indicators are acquired through monitoring methods. S3. Determination of disturbance triggering conditions: Based on the acquired disturbance index, determine whether the disturbance index shows a continuous upward change characteristic within a preset time window, and determine whether the disturbance level is in a controlled critical state in combination with the control threshold of the disturbance index. S4. Drilling behavior constraints triggered by disturbance: When the disturbance triggering condition is met, the drilling behavior is constrained by one or more of the following methods: reducing the drilling speed, reducing the amount of drilling fluid, or switching continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, in order to suppress the further accumulation of disturbance. S5. Active disturbance release based on pulse slag removal: While imposing constraints on drilling behavior, the drilling slag generated during the drilling process is discharged in stages using a pulse slag removal method to reduce the instantaneous disturbance peak during the drilling operation. S6. Maintenance and release of drilling behavior constraints: After the disturbance index falls back to the disturbance control target range, the drilling behavior constraints shall be maintained for a period of time, and the drilling behavior constraints shall be released after the disturbance index remains within the disturbance control target range.

[0007] In one optional implementation, determining the disturbance control target includes the following steps: S1.1 Geological condition assessment: Obtain the lithology, fracture zone development, water content, overburden thickness, and ore body occurrence conditions of the drilling operation area, and comprehensively assess the environmental disturbance risk generated during the drilling operation based on the obtained geological conditions to determine the disturbance risk level. S1.2 Environmental Sensitivity Assessment: Obtain information on the distribution of residential areas, ecological protection areas, surface water, and existing engineering facilities around the drilling operation area. Based on the obtained environmental sensitivity factors, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area to determine the environmental sensitivity level. S1.3 Target Level Matching: The disturbance control target level is determined by combining and matching the disturbance risk level and the environmental sensitivity level, taking into account the relationship between the two levels. S1.4 Threshold Determination: Based on the determined disturbance control target level, and in accordance with the principle that different disturbance control target levels correspond to different levels of control strictness, the control thresholds for the three types of disturbance indicators, namely noise, waste emission and soil disturbance, are determined respectively.

[0008] In one optional implementation, in step S2, the acquisition of the disturbance index includes collecting data on the noise level generated during the drilling operation, the amount of drill cuttings discharged, and the range of disturbance to the surface caused by the drilling operation. Noise levels are obtained by monitoring changes in the acoustic environment of the drilling site and its surrounding area; The amount of drill cuttings discharged is obtained by statistically analyzing the mass or volume of drill cuttings discharged per unit time. The extent of surface disturbance is obtained by observing or recording changes in the surface condition of the drilling operation area.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the determination of the disturbance triggering condition includes the following steps: S3.1 Sampling cycle setting: Set the sampling cycle of disturbance indicators according to the stability of drilling conditions, and obtain the sampling values ​​of three types of disturbance indicators, namely noise, waste emission and soil disturbance, according to the sampling cycle. S3.2 Time window formation: The time range corresponding to multiple consecutive sampling periods is used as a preset time window, and the sampled values ​​of disturbance indicators falling within the preset time window constitute a data sequence for trend determination; S3.3 Trend determination: Within the preset time window, based on the change of the disturbance index sample value over time, determine whether the disturbance index is in a continuous upward state, wherein the continuous upward state means that the disturbance index shows an overall upward change characteristic within the preset time window. S3.4 Triggering Condition Determination: When step S3.3 determines that the disturbance index is in a continuously rising state and the disturbance index reaches the corresponding disturbance index control threshold, the disturbance triggering condition is determined to be met.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the drilling behavior constraint triggered by the disturbance includes the following steps: S4.1 Constraint Method Selection: After determining that the disturbance triggering condition is met, select at least one of the following three constraint methods as the current drilling behavior constraint method, based on the type of disturbance index and its changing trend: reduce drilling speed, reduce drilling fluid consumption, and switch continuous drilling to intermittent drilling. S4.2 Single constraint implementation: When the disturbance triggering condition is triggered by a single disturbance index, the single constraint method corresponding to the disturbance index shall be implemented first to suppress the disturbance source in a targeted manner; S4.3 Implementation of combined constraints: When the disturbance triggering condition is triggered by multiple disturbance indicators or the disturbance indicators continue to rise, at least two of the above constraint methods shall be implemented in combination to enhance the suppression effect on drilling operation disturbances.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, when the drilling behavior constraint includes switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, the implementation of intermittent drilling includes the following steps: Drilling stop phase setting: At least one drilling stop phase is set between continuous drilling phases, the drilling stop phase is used to suspend drilling operations to interrupt the environmental disturbances continuously generated by drill bit cutting and drill string rotation during the drilling process; Maintaining the Drill Stopped State: During the drilling stopped state, the drill string is kept at its current drilling depth position and no new drilling actions are performed to avoid introducing additional disturbances due to frequent raising and lowering or repositioning of the drill string. Maintenance and termination of the drilling stop phase: During the drilling stop phase, the change in the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index stops rising or shows a downward trend, the drilling stop phase ends and drilling operations resume, entering the next continuous drilling phase.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the active disturbance release based on pulse slag discharge includes the following steps: S5.1, Slag Discharge Stage Division: During drilling operations, the cuttings removal process is divided into multiple alternating cuttings removal stages and a pause in cuttings removal to avoid the cuttings being removed all at once in a short period of time. S5.2, Pulse slag discharge execution: During the cuttings removal phase, the cuttings removal operation is performed, and during the pausing cuttings removal phase, the cuttings removal operation is paused, so that the cuttings are removed in a time-dispersed manner, thereby dispersing the originally concentrated disturbance into multiple low-intensity disturbance events. S5.3, Adjustment of slag discharge rhythm: Based on the changes in the disturbance index during the slag discharge phase and the slag discharge pause phase, the duration of the slag discharge phase and the slag discharge pause phase are adjusted to match the pulse slag discharge process with the disturbance change trend.

[0013] In one optional implementation, maintaining and releasing the drilling behavior constraints includes the following steps: S6.1, Stable State Determination: After implementing drilling behavior constraints and pulse slag removal under disturbance triggering, the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index falls back to the disturbance control target range and remains within the disturbance control target range within a preset time window, the drilling operation is determined to have entered a disturbance stable state. S6.2, Gradual Removal of Constraints: After determining that the disturbance has reached a stable state, the drilling behavior constraints are gradually released, wherein the gradual release includes one or more of the following: restoring the drilling speed in stages, restoring continuous drilling, or canceling intermittent drilling. S6.3, Monitoring of the release process: During the process of releasing the drilling behavior constraints, the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index shows an upward trend again or exceeds the corresponding disturbance index control threshold, the determination of the disturbance trigger condition is re-triggered, and the corresponding drilling behavior constraints are restored.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the method is applicable to deep mineral drilling projects, wherein the deep mineral drilling projects include mineral exploration or mining engineering operation scenarios with large drilling depths, long drilling cycles, or easy accumulation of environmental disturbances during drilling. In the operation scenarios, the instantaneous peak value of environmental disturbances during drilling operations and the continuous accumulation of disturbances are reduced and suppressed by the coordinated implementation of disturbance-triggered operation control, drilling behavior constraints, and pulse slag removal.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application provides a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering. In the operation control process, the disturbance control target is first determined. This step, combined with the geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area, distinguishes the environmental disturbances caused by the drilling operation and specifically implements the disturbance control requirements as control thresholds for three types of disturbance indicators: noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance. This method provides a clear reference standard for subsequent judgments of the drilling operation status, rather than relying solely on the subjective experience of the operators. Based on this, disturbance indicators are further acquired during the drilling operation, establishing disturbance control based on the real-time status of the operation. Furthermore, the changes in disturbance indicators are analyzed within a preset time window. When the disturbance indicator shows a continuously rising trend within this time window, and its value reaches the corresponding disturbance control threshold, the disturbance state is determined to be in a controlled critical state. Because this determination considers both the trend of disturbance change and the threshold status, disturbance control is no longer limited to passive handling after a single exceedance, but can identify stages requiring operational adjustments as disturbances gradually accumulate. Moreover, by incorporating the disturbance change process into the judgment criteria, this application allows for early intervention in drilling operations before the disturbance significantly exceeds the limit, thereby reducing control lag caused by post-event response and improving the timeliness of operation control in response to disturbance changes.

[0016] 2. When the disturbance triggering condition is met, this application also constrains drilling operation behavior. Specifically, the drilling operation process is adjusted by one or more methods, such as reducing the drilling speed, reducing the amount of drilling fluid, or switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling. These constraints directly affect the drill bit cutting strength, the drilling tool operating status, and the continuity of operations, and have a direct impact on the generation of disturbances per unit time. By constraining drilling operation behavior, it helps to reduce the trend of continued increase in disturbances during drilling operations, thereby gradually stabilizing the disturbance level. Moreover, the above-mentioned operation adjustments based on triggering conditions enable drilling behavior control to shift from passive regulation relying on manual judgment to timely response based on changes in the disturbance state.

[0017] 3. While constraining drilling behavior, this application also employs a pulsed slag removal method to remove drill cuttings generated during drilling in stages. Compared to continuous slag removal, pulsed slag removal, by switching between slag removal and pause phases, makes the slag removal process more dispersed in time, thus avoiding the concentrated release of disturbances caused by concentrated slag removal within a short period. This slag removal method is implemented in conjunction with drilling behavior constraints, ensuring that disturbance control applies simultaneously to both the generation and release processes of disturbances. Subsequently, when the disturbance index is detected to have fallen back to the disturbance control target range, the drilling behavior constraints are maintained for a period of time, and only after the disturbance index remains within the disturbance control target range are the existing drilling behavior constraints released. During the constraint release process, the disturbance index is continuously monitored to ensure that the drilling operation status remains within the disturbance control target range during the recovery process. Through the above steps, this application enables drilling operations to be adjusted in a timely manner according to changes in disturbances, thereby achieving process-based control of environmental disturbances during drilling operations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering, including the following steps: S1. Determination of disturbance control targets: Based on the geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area, disturbance control targets are determined to characterize the degree of disturbance to the drilling operation environment. The disturbance control targets include control thresholds for three types of disturbance indicators: noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance. S2. Acquisition of disturbance indicators: During drilling operations, disturbance indicators are acquired through monitoring methods. S3. Determination of disturbance triggering conditions: Based on the acquired disturbance index, determine whether the disturbance index shows a continuous upward change characteristic within a preset time window, and determine whether the disturbance level is in a controlled critical state in combination with the control threshold of the disturbance index. S4. Drilling behavior constraints triggered by disturbance: When the disturbance triggering condition is met, the drilling behavior is constrained by one or more of the following methods: reducing the drilling speed, reducing the amount of drilling fluid, or switching continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, in order to suppress the further accumulation of disturbance. S5. Active disturbance release based on pulse slag removal: While imposing constraints on drilling behavior, the drilling slag generated during the drilling process is discharged in stages using a pulse slag removal method to reduce the instantaneous disturbance peak during the drilling operation. S6. Maintenance and Removal of Drilling Behavior Constraints: After the disturbance index falls back to the disturbance control target range, the drilling behavior constraints shall be maintained for a period of time, and the drilling behavior constraints shall be removed after the disturbance index remains within the disturbance control target range.

[0022] During mineral drilling operations, environmental disturbances often change gradually as drilling progresses, as drilling is typically continuous. In this embodiment, the disturbance control target is first determined in step S1. This step, considering the geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of the drilling area, differentiates the environmental disturbances caused by drilling operations and specifically implements the disturbance control requirements as control thresholds for three types of disturbance indicators: noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance. This approach provides a clear reference standard for subsequent judgments of the drilling operation status, rather than relying solely on the subjective experience of the operators.

[0023] Based on this, step S2 acquires disturbance indicators during drilling operations, enabling disturbance control to be established on the real-time status of the operation. Further, step S3 analyzes the changes in disturbance indicators within a preset time window. When the disturbance indicator shows a continuous upward trend within this time window and its value reaches the corresponding disturbance control threshold, it is determined that the disturbance state is in a controlled critical state. Because this determination considers both the disturbance's changing trend and the threshold state, disturbance control is no longer limited to passive handling after a single exceedance, but can identify stages requiring operational adjustments as disturbances gradually accumulate. Moreover, by incorporating the disturbance change process into the determination criteria, this embodiment allows for early intervention in drilling operations before the disturbance significantly exceeds the threshold, thereby reducing control lag caused by reactive responses and improving the timeliness of operational control in response to disturbance changes.

[0024] Once the aforementioned disturbance triggering conditions are met, this embodiment constrains the drilling operation behavior through step S4. Specifically, the drilling operation process is adjusted by reducing the drilling speed, decreasing the drilling fluid usage, or switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, among other methods. These constraints directly affect the drill bit cutting strength, the drilling tool operating status, and the continuity of operations, directly influencing the generation of disturbances per unit time. By constraining the drilling operation behavior, the tendency for disturbances to continue to escalate during drilling operations is reduced, thereby gradually stabilizing the disturbance level. Moreover, the aforementioned operation adjustments based on triggering conditions enable drilling behavior control to shift from passive adjustment relying on manual judgment to timely response based on changes in the disturbance state.

[0025] While constraining drilling behavior, this embodiment employs a pulsed slag removal method in step S5 to remove drill cuttings generated during the drilling process in stages. Compared to continuous slag removal, pulsed slag removal, by switching between slag removal and pause phases, makes the slag removal process more dispersed in time, thus avoiding the concentrated release of disturbances caused by concentrated slag removal within a short period. This slag removal method is implemented in conjunction with drilling behavior constraints, ensuring that disturbance control simultaneously applies to both the generation and release processes of disturbances.

[0026] Subsequently, in step S6, after the disturbance index is detected to have fallen back to the disturbance control target range, the drilling behavior constraints are maintained for a period of time. Once the disturbance index remains within the disturbance control target range, the existing drilling behavior constraints are then released. During the constraint release process, the disturbance index is continuously monitored to ensure that the drilling operation status remains within the disturbance control target range during the recovery process. Through the above steps, this embodiment enables drilling operations to be adjusted promptly according to changes in disturbance, thereby achieving process-oriented control of environmental disturbances during drilling operations.

[0027] In some embodiments, determining the disturbance control target includes the following steps: S1.1 Geological condition assessment: Obtain the lithology, fracture zone development, water content, overburden thickness, and ore body occurrence conditions of the drilling operation area, and comprehensively assess the environmental disturbance risk generated during the drilling operation based on the obtained geological conditions to determine the disturbance risk level. S1.2 Environmental Sensitivity Assessment: Obtain information on the distribution of residential areas, ecological protection areas, surface water, and existing engineering facilities around the drilling operation area. Based on the obtained environmental sensitivity factors, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area to determine the environmental sensitivity level. S1.3 Target Level Matching: The disturbance control target level is determined by combining and matching the disturbance risk level and the environmental sensitivity level, taking into account the relationship between the two levels. S1.4 Threshold Determination: Based on the determined disturbance control target level, and in accordance with the principle that different disturbance control target levels correspond to different levels of control strictness, the control thresholds for the three types of disturbance indicators, namely noise, waste emission and soil disturbance, are determined respectively.

[0028] In the above embodiments, geological condition assessment and environmental sensitivity assessment can be based on existing exploration data, field survey results, or engineering design documents. Specifically, geological condition parameters such as stratigraphic lithology, degree of fracture zone development, water content, overburden thickness, and ore body occurrence conditions can be obtained through existing geological exploration results, drilling design data, and geological surveys conducted before construction. Environmentally sensitive factors such as the distribution of residential areas, ecological protection areas, surface water, and existing engineering facilities around the drilling operation area can be confirmed through field reconnaissance, existing planning data, and publicly available geographic information data. By acquiring and organizing the above information, the geological characteristics and environmental sensitivity characteristics of the drilling operation area have a clear engineering cognitive basis, providing a basis for determining subsequent disturbance control targets.

[0029] After completing the geological condition assessment and environmental sensitivity assessment, this embodiment comprehensively analyzes the disturbance risk level and environmental sensitivity level to determine the disturbance control target level. In practice, the relative levels of disturbance risk and environmental sensitivity can be combined for judgment. For example, when either the disturbance risk level or the environmental sensitivity level is high, a disturbance control target level with a higher degree of control stringency is set; conversely, when both the disturbance risk level and the environmental sensitivity level are low, a disturbance control target level with a relatively lower degree of control stringency is set. This approach ensures that the determined disturbance control target matches the actual conditions of the drilling operation area, avoiding the use of a uniform, fixed standard that ignores regional differences.

[0030] After determining the disturbance control target level, this embodiment sets control thresholds for three types of disturbance indicators—noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance—according to the principle that different control stringency levels correspond to different threshold requirements. In practice, the thresholds corresponding to different disturbance control target levels can be set differently based on engineering management requirements, operating conditions, and commonly used control ranges in existing standards. This allows the determined control thresholds to serve as a direct basis for subsequent disturbance triggering condition determination and drilling behavior adjustment. Through the above implementation method, the process of determining the disturbance control target unfolds step by step from parameter acquisition and level evaluation to threshold setting. Those skilled in the art can use this to set the disturbance control target and apply it to the drilling operation control process.

[0031] In some embodiments, in step S2, the acquisition of disturbance indicators includes collecting data on the noise level generated during drilling operations, the amount of drill cuttings discharged, and the range of disturbance to the surface caused by drilling operations. Noise levels are obtained by monitoring changes in the acoustic environment of the drilling site and its surrounding area; The amount of drill cuttings discharged is obtained by statistically analyzing the mass or volume of drill cuttings discharged per unit time. The extent of surface disturbance is obtained by observing or recording changes in the surface condition of the drilling operation area.

[0032] In the process of acquiring the aforementioned disturbance indicators, the noise level, drill cuttings discharge volume, and surface disturbance range in this embodiment can be collected using conventional engineering monitoring or recording methods. Specifically, noise level monitoring can be performed by setting up monitoring points at the drilling site and its surrounding area. By continuously or periodically recording the changes in the acoustic environment during drilling operations, the noise disturbance state generated by the drilling operations on the surrounding environment can be reflected. This monitoring method does not rely on complex equipment, and those skilled in the art can select appropriate deployment locations and monitoring frequencies according to the site conditions to obtain data that reflects the noise change trend.

[0033] To obtain the amount of drill cuttings discharged, this embodiment achieves this by statistically analyzing the mass or volume of drill cuttings discharged per unit time. Specifically, during the drill cuttings discharge process, the drill cuttings can be weighed, measured, or the changes in discharge volume can be recorded to generate drill cuttings discharge data corresponding to the drilling operation. The extent of surface disturbance is obtained by observing or recording changes in the surface condition of the drilling area, such as identifying or recording the extent of surface damage around the drilling rig, the area of ​​soil disturbance, or the expansion of work traces. Through these methods, the three disturbance indicators—noise level, drill cuttings discharge, and surface disturbance extent—can all be obtained in an engineering-feasible manner and serve as the basis for subsequent disturbance change analysis and operation control judgment.

[0034] In some embodiments, determining the disturbance triggering condition includes the following steps: S3.1 Sampling cycle setting: Set the sampling cycle of disturbance indicators according to the stability of drilling conditions, and obtain the sampling values ​​of three types of disturbance indicators, namely noise, waste emission and soil disturbance, according to the sampling cycle. S3.2 Time window formation: The time range corresponding to multiple consecutive sampling periods is used as the preset time window, and the sampled values ​​of disturbance indicators falling within the preset time window constitute a data sequence for trend determination; S3.3 Trend Judgment: Within a preset time window, based on the changes in the sampled values ​​of the disturbance index over time, determine whether the disturbance index is in a state of continuous rise. A state of continuous rise means that the disturbance index shows an overall upward trend within the preset time window. S3.4 Triggering Condition Determination: When step S3.3 determines that the disturbance index is in a continuously rising state and the disturbance index reaches the corresponding disturbance index control threshold, the disturbance triggering condition is determined to be met.

[0035] In the process of determining the aforementioned disturbance triggering conditions, the sampling period in this embodiment is adjusted based on the stability of the drilling conditions. Specifically, when the drilling process is relatively stable and the operating parameters change little, a relatively long sampling period can be used; when the drilling conditions change and the operating conditions fluctuate significantly, the sampling period can be shortened accordingly to improve the timeliness of response to disturbance changes. In this way, the sampling frequency of the disturbance index is matched with the drilling operation status, thereby obtaining sampling data that reflects the disturbance change process.

[0036] After sampling the disturbance indicators, this embodiment uses a preset time window, corresponding to a time range of multiple consecutive sampling periods, to organize the disturbance indicator sampling values ​​obtained within this time range for subsequent trend analysis. Specifically, the preset time window is not limited to a fixed duration but is naturally formed by the continuous sampling periods, ensuring that the analysis of the disturbance indicators is based on data within a certain time span. By observing the disturbance indicator sampling values ​​falling within this time window as a whole, misjudgments of the disturbance state due to fluctuations in a single sampling value can be avoided, thus making the overall trend of disturbance changes clearer.

[0037] Based on this, this embodiment analyzes the changes of the disturbance index within a preset time window. When the disturbance index shows an overall upward trend over time, it is determined to be in a continuously rising state. Furthermore, when this continuously rising state is combined with the control threshold of the corresponding disturbance index, and the disturbance index reaches the corresponding control threshold, it is determined that the disturbance triggering condition is met. Through the above determination process, disturbance triggering is not based solely on whether a single sampled value exceeds the threshold, but rather on a comprehensive judgment combining the disturbance change trend and the threshold state. This allows the disturbance triggering condition to reflect the process characteristics of the disturbance evolving from a controlled state to an unfavorable state, thereby providing a basis for determining subsequent drilling behavior constraints.

[0038] 5. In some embodiments, the drilling behavior constraints triggered by disturbances include the following steps: S4.1 Constraint Method Selection: After determining that the disturbance triggering condition is met, select at least one of the following three constraint methods as the current drilling behavior constraint method, based on the type of disturbance index and its changing trend: reduce drilling speed, reduce drilling fluid consumption, and switch continuous drilling to intermittent drilling. S4.2 Single Constraint Implementation: When the disturbance triggering condition is triggered by a single disturbance index, the single constraint method corresponding to the disturbance index shall be implemented first in order to suppress the disturbance source in a targeted manner; S4.3 Implementation of Combined Constraints: When the disturbance triggering condition is triggered by multiple disturbance indicators or the disturbance indicators continue to rise, at least two constraint methods shall be implemented in combination to enhance the suppression effect on drilling operation disturbances.

[0039] In practice, noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance represent different dimensions of the impact of drilling operations on the surrounding environment. Their changing characteristics and control requirements are independent of each other but interconnected. Therefore, when determining the disturbance triggering conditions, it is not required that the above three types of disturbance indicators simultaneously reach their respective control thresholds.

[0040] In some embodiments, when any one of the three disturbance indicators—noise, waste emissions, and soil disturbance—shows a continuously increasing trend within a preset time window and reaches the corresponding disturbance indicator control threshold, the disturbance level can be determined to be in a controlled critical state, thus satisfying the disturbance triggering condition. At this time, even if the other disturbance indicators have not yet reached their respective control thresholds, it does not affect the establishment of the disturbance triggering condition.

[0041] Furthermore, when only a single disturbance index meets the above-mentioned disturbance triggering conditions, drilling behavior constraints can be implemented first for the disturbance source corresponding to that disturbance index; when multiple disturbance indices meet the disturbance triggering conditions at the same time, or when multiple disturbance indices show a synchronous upward trend after the disturbance is triggered, multiple drilling behavior constraint methods can be combined for coordinated control in order to adjust the overall level of environmental disturbance during drilling operations.

[0042] In the drilling behavior constraint process triggered by the above-mentioned disturbances, the selection of constraint methods in this embodiment is mainly based on the type of disturbance index. Specifically, when noise index changes significantly, the drilling speed is reduced to adjust the drill bit cutting intensity and equipment operating status; when waste emission index changes significantly, the drilling fluid usage is reduced or the cuttings removal rhythm is adjusted to control the generation and removal of drilling cuttings; when the surface disturbance range shows an expanding trend, the continuity of drilling operations is adjusted by switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling. Through the above correspondence, the selected constraint method has a clear engineering correlation with the source of disturbance, facilitating implementation in actual operations.

[0043] When a disturbance is triggered by a single disturbance index, this embodiment prioritizes implementing the single constraint method corresponding to that disturbance index. Under this implementation, by adjusting the main operational steps that cause the disturbance change, the trend of the disturbance change can be influenced without significantly altering the overall operational process, thereby achieving targeted intervention in the disturbance state. Since this constraint method only involves adjusting a single operational parameter or method, those skilled in the art can implement it in conjunction with on-site operational conditions, and it will not significantly affect the continuous progress of drilling operations.

[0044] When a disturbance is triggered by multiple disturbance indicators, or when the disturbance indicators continue to rise after implementing a single constraint, this embodiment adjusts the drilling operation by combining at least two constraint methods. Specifically, drilling speed and drilling fluid volume can be adjusted simultaneously, or intermittent drilling can be introduced while reducing the drilling speed, allowing multiple operational parameters to act on the drilling process together. By combining constraints, disturbance control is not limited to adjusting a single factor, but rather influences disturbance changes from multiple operational stages, thereby helping to mitigate the continuous rise of disturbances.

[0045] In some embodiments, when drilling behavior constraints include switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, the implementation of intermittent drilling includes the following steps: Stop drilling phase setting: At least one stop drilling phase is set between continuous drilling phases. The stop drilling phase is used to suspend drilling operations to interrupt the environmental disturbances continuously generated by drill bit cutting and drill string rotation during the drilling process. Maintaining the stop drilling state: During the stop drilling phase, keep the drill bit at the current drilling depth position basically unchanged and do not perform any new drilling actions to avoid introducing additional disturbances due to frequent raising and lowering or repositioning of the drill bit. Maintenance and termination of the drilling stop phase: During the drilling stop phase, the changes in the disturbance index are continuously monitored. When the disturbance index stops rising or shows a downward trend, the drilling stop phase ends and drilling operations resume, entering the next continuous drilling phase.

[0046] In the implementation of the intermittent drilling described above, the drilling stop phase in this embodiment does not require a fixed duration, but is flexibly arranged according to the changes in disturbance indicators during the drilling operation. Specifically, the start of the drilling stop phase can correspond to the operation adjustment phase after the disturbance triggering conditions are met, and the duration of the drilling stop phase is determined by combining the changes in disturbance indicators during the drilling stop process, so that the drilling stop operation matches the disturbance change process, rather than being controlled solely based on pre-set time parameters.

[0047] During the drilling stop phase, this embodiment maintains the drill string at its current drilling depth position and suspends new drilling operations, temporarily interrupting the continuous disturbances generated by drill bit cutting and drill string rotation. Since no drill string lifting or repositioning operations are performed, additional mechanical disturbances are avoided during the drilling stop process, thus the drilling stop phase primarily serves to mitigate disturbances generated by drilling operations. During this phase, continuous monitoring of changes in disturbance indicators such as noise, waste emissions, or surface disturbances provides a clear indication of the impact of the drilling stop operation on disturbance changes.

[0048] When the disturbance index stops rising or shows a downward trend, this embodiment ends the current drilling stop phase and resumes drilling operations, entering the next continuous drilling phase. By switching between the continuous drilling phase and the drilling stop phase, the drilling operation is made to proceed intermittently on a time scale, which helps to avoid the continuous accumulation of disturbances during continuous drilling. The above-mentioned intermittent drilling method can be implemented multiple times during the drilling operation, and its specific implementation rhythm can be adjusted according to the changes in disturbance, thus making intermittent drilling a repeatedly applicable operation control method under disturbance triggering.

[0049] In some embodiments, the active disturbance release based on pulse slag discharge includes the following steps: S5.1, Slag Discharge Stage Division: During drilling operations, the cuttings removal process is divided into multiple alternating cuttings removal stages and a pause in cuttings removal to avoid the cuttings being removed all at once in a short period of time. S5.2, Pulse slag discharge execution: During the cuttings removal phase, the cuttings removal operation is performed, and during the cuttings removal pause phase, the cuttings removal operation is paused, so that the cuttings are removed in a time-dispersed manner, thereby dispersing the originally concentrated disturbance into multiple low-intensity disturbance events. S5.3, Adjustment of slag discharge rhythm: Based on the changes in the disturbance index during the slag discharge phase and the slag discharge pause phase, the duration of the slag discharge phase and the slag discharge pause phase are adjusted to match the pulse slag discharge process with the disturbance change trend.

[0050] In this embodiment, the division between the cuttings removal phase and the paused cuttings removal phase can be arranged according to the actual cuttings removal conditions of the drilling operation. Specifically, the cuttings removal phase is used to perform normal cuttings removal operations, allowing the cuttings generated during drilling to be discharged through the existing cuttings removal channels; the paused cuttings removal phase temporarily interrupts the cuttings removal process, making the cuttings removal activity intermittent in time. By alternating between the cuttings removal phase and the paused cuttings removal phase, the cuttings removal no longer occurs concentrated in a continuous time period, but is dispersed across multiple cuttings removal phases, thereby changing the temporal distribution characteristics of the disturbance release.

[0051] During the slag removal pause phase, this embodiment does not require a complete halt to drilling operations. Instead, it controls only the slag removal process, temporarily preventing the slag from being discharged. During this time, drilling operations can continue as needed or be carried out synchronously with other operational constraints. Through this method, the slag removal pause phase primarily serves to buffer slag removal disturbances without significantly interrupting the drilling operation flow, thus facilitating implementation in practical engineering projects.

[0052] During pulsed slag removal, this embodiment observes the changes in disturbance indicators during the slag removal and pause phases, and adjusts the slag removal rhythm accordingly. Specifically, when the disturbance indicators show a significant upward trend during the slag removal phase, the duration of the slag removal phase can be appropriately shortened or the duration of the pause phase can be extended; when the disturbance indicators stabilize, the slag removal rhythm can be adjusted to meet the needs of drilling operations. This rhythm adjustment method based on disturbance changes allows the pulsed slag removal process to be dynamically adjusted according to the operational status, thereby playing a proactive role in regulating disturbance release during drilling operations.

[0053] In some embodiments, maintaining and releasing drilling behavior constraints includes the following steps: S6.1, Stable State Determination: After implementing drilling behavior constraints and pulse slag removal under disturbance triggering, the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index falls back to the disturbance control target range and remains within the disturbance control target range within the preset time window, the drilling operation is determined to have entered a disturbance stable state. S6.2, Gradual Removal of Constraints: After determining that the disturbance has reached a stable state, the drilling behavior constraints are gradually lifted. The gradual lifting includes one or more of the following: restoring the drilling speed in stages, restoring continuous drilling, or canceling intermittent drilling. S6.3, Monitoring of the release process: During the process of removing drilling behavior constraints, disturbance indicators are continuously monitored. When the disturbance indicators show an upward trend again or exceed the corresponding disturbance indicator control threshold, the determination of the disturbance trigger condition is re-triggered, and the corresponding drilling behavior constraints are restored.

[0054] In the above embodiments, after completing the drilling behavior constraints and pulsed slag removal under disturbance triggering, the three types of disturbance indicators—noise, waste emission, and soil disturbance—are continuously monitored. When the disturbance indicators fall back to the corresponding disturbance control target range and remain within that range within a preset time window without showing any new upward changes, the disturbance level during the drilling operation can be considered to be in a relatively stable state. By combining the judgment of the fall-back state with the maintenance within the time window, the assessment of the disturbance state is based on continuous observation, rather than relying solely on a single monitoring result.

[0055] After confirming that the disturbance level is relatively stable, this embodiment adjusts the existing drilling behavior constraints by gradually removing them. Specifically, some operational parameters can be restored first, such as gradually increasing the drilling speed while keeping other constraints unchanged, or resuming continuous drilling while maintaining drilling speed constraints. Subsequently, based on continuous monitoring of changes in disturbance indicators, other drilling behavior constraints are further removed. By adjusting the drilling operation status in stages, the drilling operation gradually transitions from a controlled state to a normal operation state, thereby reducing the possibility of disturbance fluctuations caused by removing all constraints at once.

[0056] During the process of releasing drilling behavior constraints, this embodiment continuously monitors the disturbance index to dynamically grasp the changes in disturbance. When the disturbance index is detected to be rising again or reaching the corresponding disturbance index control threshold during the release process, the disturbance trigger condition determination process is re-entered, and the drilling behavior constraints are restored accordingly. In this way, the maintenance and release process of drilling behavior constraints is linked to the disturbance change state, thereby forming a control process in which disturbance identification, operation constraints, and state restoration are interconnected during the drilling operation.

[0057] The disturbance-triggered operation control method for mineral drilling engineering provided in this embodiment is applicable to deep mineral drilling engineering. Deep mineral drilling engineering includes mineral exploration or mining engineering operation scenarios with large drilling depth, long drilling cycle, or easy accumulation of environmental disturbances during drilling. In the above operation scenarios, the instantaneous peak value of environmental disturbances during drilling operations and the continuous accumulation of disturbances are reduced by the coordinated implementation of disturbance-triggered operation control, drilling behavior constraints, and pulse slag removal.

[0058] In the aforementioned operational scenario, this embodiment employs a disturbance-triggered operation control method to respond in real-time to disturbance changes during drilling operations. When the disturbance index gradually rises during the operation and reaches a controlled critical state, drilling behavior is promptly constrained, and the disturbance release rhythm is adjusted in conjunction with a pulse-based slag removal method, ensuring that operation control is maintained throughout the entire drilling process. Because this control method judges and adjusts based on the disturbance change process, it is particularly suitable for deep mineral drilling projects where disturbances tend to accumulate over long-term operations.

[0059] Furthermore, in deep mineral drilling projects, drilling operations often need to meet project schedule requirements while simultaneously controlling environmental disturbances. This embodiment gradually removes drilling behavior constraints after the disturbance stabilizes, allowing drilling operations to resume normal progress under controlled conditions. This ensures the continuity of drilling operations while providing process-oriented management of disturbance changes. Through this approach, the operation control method of this embodiment can form a complete operation control process in the practical application of deep mineral drilling projects, enabling those skilled in the art to implement it in conjunction with specific engineering conditions.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A disturbance-triggered work control method for mineral drilling projects, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, determination of a disturbance control target: according to the geological conditions and environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area, a disturbance control target for representing the degree of disturbance of the drilling operation environment is determined, the disturbance control target comprising control thresholds of three types of disturbance indexes, namely noise, waste discharge and soil disturbance; S2, acquisition of disturbance indexes: in the drilling operation process, disturbance indexes are acquired through monitoring means; S3, determination of a disturbance triggering condition: based on the acquired disturbance indexes, it is determined whether the disturbance indexes exhibit a continuously rising change characteristic within a preset time window, and whether the disturbance level is in a controlled critical state is determined in combination with the control thresholds of the disturbance indexes; S4, drilling behavior constraint under disturbance triggering: when the disturbance triggering condition is met, one or more of the following methods is used to constrain the drilling behavior to suppress the further accumulation of disturbance: reducing drilling speed, reducing the amount of drilling fluid, or switching from continuous drilling to intermittent drilling; S5, active disturbance release based on pulse residue discharge: while the drilling behavior is constrained, the drilling residue generated in the drilling process is discharged in segments in a pulse residue discharge manner to reduce the instantaneous disturbance peak value in the drilling operation process; S6, maintenance and removal of drilling behavior constraint: after the disturbance indexes fall within the range of the disturbance control target, the drilling behavior constraint is maintained for a period of time, and the drilling behavior constraint is removed after the disturbance indexes remain within the range of the disturbance control target.

2. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the disturbance control target comprises the following steps: S1.1, geological condition evaluation: the formation lithology, fracture zone development degree, water content, overburden thickness and ore body occurrence conditions of the drilling operation area are acquired respectively, and the environmental disturbance risk generated in the drilling operation process is comprehensively evaluated based on the acquired geological conditions to determine the disturbance risk level; S1.2, environmental sensitivity evaluation: the distribution of residential areas, the distribution of ecological protection areas, the distribution of surface water and the distribution of existing engineering facilities around the drilling operation area are acquired respectively, and the environmental sensitivity of the drilling operation area is comprehensively evaluated based on the acquired environmental sensitive elements to determine the environmental sensitivity level; S1.3, target level matching: the disturbance control target level is determined by matching the disturbance risk level and the environmental sensitivity level according to the relationship between the two levels; S1.4, threshold determination: based on the determined disturbance control target level, the control thresholds of the three types of disturbance indexes, namely noise, waste discharge and soil disturbance, are determined according to the principle that different disturbance control target levels correspond to different control strictness levels.

3. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S2, the acquisition of disturbance indexes comprises collecting the noise level, the amount of drilling residue and the disturbance range on the ground surface generated by the drilling operation respectively; The noise level is obtained by monitoring the sound environment changes of the drilling operation site and its surrounding area; The amount of drilling residue is obtained by counting the mass or volume of drilling residue discharged per unit time; The ground surface disturbance range is obtained by observing or recording the changes in the ground surface state of the drilling operation area.

4. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized by, The determination of the disturbance triggering condition comprises the following steps: S3.1, sampling period setting: set the sampling period of the disturbance index according to the stability of the drilling operation condition, and obtain the sampling values of the three types of disturbance indexes of noise, waste discharge and soil disturbance according to the sampling period; S3.2, time window formation: take the time range corresponding to a plurality of continuous sampling periods as a preset time window, and form a data sequence for trend determination by the disturbance index sampling values falling within the preset time window; S3.3, trend determination: within the preset time window, based on the change of the disturbance index sampling value with time, determine whether the disturbance index is in a continuous rising state, wherein the continuous rising state refers to the overall rising change characteristic of the disturbance index within the preset time window; S3.4, trigger condition determination: when it is determined in step S3.3 that the disturbance index is in a continuous rising state and the disturbance index reaches the corresponding disturbance index control threshold, it is determined that the disturbance trigger condition is met.

5. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized by, The drilling behavior constraint under the disturbance trigger includes the following steps: S4.1, constraint mode selection: after it is determined that the disturbance trigger condition is met, at least one of the three constraint modes of reducing drilling speed, reducing drilling fluid consumption and switching continuous drilling to intermittent drilling is selected as the current drilling behavior constraint mode according to the type of the disturbance index and its change trend; S4.2, single constraint implementation: when the disturbance trigger condition is triggered by a single disturbance index, the single constraint mode corresponding to the disturbance index is preferentially implemented to specifically inhibit the disturbance source; S4.3, combined constraint implementation: when the disturbance trigger condition is triggered by multiple disturbance indexes or the disturbance index continuously rises, at least two of the constraint modes are combined to implement to enhance the inhibition effect on the drilling operation disturbance.

6. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the drilling behavior constraint includes switching continuous drilling to intermittent drilling, the implementation of the intermittent drilling includes the following steps: Stop drilling stage setting: at least one stop drilling stage is set between the continuous drilling stages, which is used to pause the drilling operation to interrupt the continuous environmental disturbance caused by the bit cutting and the drilling tool rotation in the drilling process; Stop drilling state maintenance: in the stop drilling stage, the drilling tool is kept substantially unchanged at the current drilling depth position, and no new drilling action is performed to avoid introducing additional disturbance due to frequent lifting or repositioning of the drilling tool; Stop drilling stage maintenance and end: the change state of the disturbance index is continuously monitored in the stop drilling stage, and when the disturbance index stops rising or shows a falling trend, the stop drilling stage is ended and the drilling operation is resumed to enter the next continuous drilling stage.

7. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized by, The active disturbance release based on pulse discharge of drilling cuttings includes the following steps: S5.1, discharge stage division: In the drilling operation process, the drilling cuttings discharge process is divided into a plurality of alternating discharge stages and pause discharge stages to avoid the concentrated discharge of drilling cuttings in a short time; S5.2, pulse discharge execution: In the discharge stage, the drilling cuttings discharge operation is performed, and in the pause discharge stage, the drilling cuttings discharge operation is paused, so that the drilling cuttings are discharged in a time-dispersed manner, thereby dispersing the originally concentrated disturbance into a plurality of low-intensity disturbance events; S5.3, adjusting the deslagging rhythm: According to the change state of the disturbance index in the deslagging stage and the suspended deslagging stage, the duration of the deslagging stage and the duration of the suspended deslagging stage are adjusted to match the pulse deslagging process with the disturbance change trend.

8. The disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to claim 1, characterized by, The maintenance and release of the drilling behavior constraint includes the following steps: S6.1, steady state determination: After implementing the drilling behavior constraint and pulse deslagging triggered by disturbance, the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index falls within the disturbance control target range and continuously remains within the disturbance control target range within a preset time window, it is determined that the drilling operation enters a disturbance stable state; S6.2, step-by-step release of constraints: After determining that the disturbance stable state is entered, the drilling behavior constraint is gradually released, wherein the step-by-step release includes one or more of the following: resuming the drilling speed in stages, resuming continuous drilling, or canceling intermittent drilling; S6.3, monitoring of the release process: During the release process of the drilling behavior constraint, the disturbance index is continuously monitored. When the disturbance index again shows an upward trend or exceeds the corresponding disturbance index control threshold, the determination of the disturbance trigger condition is retriggered, and the corresponding drilling behavior constraint is restored.

9. A disturbance-triggered work control method for a mineral exploration project according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that, The method is suitable for deep mineral drilling engineering, wherein the deep mineral drilling engineering includes mineral exploration or mine engineering scenarios with large drilling depth, long drilling period, or easy accumulation of environmental disturbance during drilling. In the operation scenario, the disturbance trigger type operation control, drilling behavior constraint, and pulse deslagging are cooperatively implemented to reduce the instantaneous peak value of environmental disturbance during drilling operation and inhibit the continuous accumulation of disturbance.

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