Underwater shield ditching and slurry backfilling integrated equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses underwater shield ditching and slurry backfilling integrated equipment, and belongs to the technical field of underwater engineering construction equipment. Through cooperative work of the head tunneling unit, the trench expansion unit and the trench wall reinforcement unit, integrated continuous operation of excavation, expansion, monitoring and reinforcement is achieved, and the device is suitable for automatic laying and burying operation of submarine cable trenches. Controllable cyclic utilization of slurry is achieved through the slurry conveying unit, the self weight of equipment can be adjusted through the slurry collecting device so that the excavation depth can be accurately controlled, an excavated groove can be filled, meanwhile, silt can be sucked and a sea ditch can be reinforced in the excavation process, so that better soil excavation is achieved, and the excavation efficiency is improved. And the excavated grooves are higher in strength. Real-time monitoring of the size of the groove is achieved through the contact type probe rod groove-shaped sensor, and the excavation depth control precision is remarkably improved by combining the weight adjusting function of the slurry collecting device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of underwater engineering construction equipment, specifically relating to an integrated underwater shield tunneling trenching and mud backfilling equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening development and utilization of marine resources, the demand for laying underwater facilities such as submarine cables and pipelines is increasing. As a key link in pipeline laying, the performance of the construction equipment used in underwater trenching directly affects the efficiency, cost, and reliability of the project.

[0003] Currently, common underwater trenching technologies mainly include towed plowing, high-pressure water jet scouring, and mechanical excavation. Towed plowing is suitable for softer seabeds, but its excavation depth control accuracy is low and it is poorly adaptable to complex geological conditions. High-pressure water jet excavation can reduce mechanical resistance, but it has problems such as high energy consumption, large mud diffusion range, and easy pollution of surrounding water bodies. Traditional mechanical trenching equipment is often single-function, mostly only capable of excavation, and lacks the ability to reinforce the trench wall in real time and backfill with mud, resulting in poor stability of the excavated trench, easy collapse, and affecting the quality of pipeline laying.

[0004] Furthermore, existing equipment generally falls short in mud treatment, with most directly discharging excavated mud into the surrounding environment. This not only expands the area of ​​sediment disturbance but also fails to achieve mud recycling. In terms of excavation depth control, the lack of real-time, precise monitoring and adjustment methods makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision laying.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an underwater trenching device that integrates efficient tunneling, trench expansion, real-time monitoring, dynamic reinforcement, and controllable mud backfilling, which can adapt to complex seabed conditions, improve trenching quality and efficiency, and reduce environmental impact. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing underwater trenching technologies, particularly the low excavation efficiency, poor trench wall stability, and inconsistent mud treatment of traditional trenching equipment in hard or complex soil layers. It provides an integrated underwater shield tunneling and mud backfilling device. This device employs a continuous operation method—front excavation, middle expansion, and rear reinforcement and burial—to mix the soil into mud and pump it to the rear, achieving efficient, continuous, and stable underwater trenching operations.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0008] An integrated underwater shield tunneling trenching and mud backfilling device, comprising:

[0009] The head excavation unit is rotatably mounted at the front end of the integrated equipment to achieve preliminary cutting and mudification of the soil;

[0010] The trench extension unit is rotatably disposed behind the head tunneling unit and is used to perform secondary trimming and extension of the trench outline excavated by the head tunneling unit.

[0011] The trench wall reinforcement unit is rotatably disposed behind the trench expansion unit, and is used to detect the trench size in real time and inject mud into the trench wall during the advancement process;

[0012] The water supply unit, connected to the head tunneling unit, is used to provide water for mixing mud to the head tunneling unit;

[0013] The mud conveying unit is used for pumping, storing, controlling the discharge of mud, and backfilling and compacting the mud generated by the head tunneling unit.

[0014] The equipment connection unit is used to connect the entire integrated equipment to an external operating platform;

[0015] The head excavation unit, trench expansion unit, and trench wall reinforcement unit are sequentially connected to the equipment connection unit via a support assembly, a fixing ring assembly, and a connecting isolation plate.

[0016] The transmission unit is used to drive the head excavation unit, the trench expansion unit, and the trench wall reinforcement unit to rotate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] This invention achieves integrated continuous operation of excavation, expansion, monitoring and reinforcement through the series and coordinated rotation of the head excavation unit, trench expansion unit and trench wall reinforcement unit, which greatly improves the operation efficiency and trench forming quality. It is suitable for the automated laying and burial of submarine cable trenches.

[0019] This invention employs a rear-mounted main drive motor, with power transmitted forward through the central main transmission rod. Simultaneously, the water nozzle is positioned on the rear wall of the head unit, completely resolving the spatial interference problem between the rotary drive and the central water supply. The structure is compact and reliable.

[0020] The innovative split-type fixed ring design of this invention (fixed outer ring + rotating inner ring), combined with the triangular rigid frame formed by the support rod, ensures that the equipment obtains stable external connection and support while ensuring efficient and independent rotation of the internal working unit and a clear power transmission path.

[0021] This invention utilizes a mud conveying unit to achieve controllable recycling of mud. It can adjust the equipment's weight through a mud collection device to precisely control the excavation depth, and can also fill the excavated trench. Furthermore, this invention can pump out mud and sand during the excavation process to reinforce the trench, thereby achieving better excavation of the soil and resulting in a stronger excavated trench.

[0022] This invention optimizes the mud path by using the internal cavity of the rotating unit itself as the mud delivery channel. The structure is simple and streamlined, reducing the complexity and maintenance cost of independent built-in pipes.

[0023] This invention enables real-time monitoring of trench dimensions using a contact-type probe trench sensor, and, combined with the weight adjustment function of the mud collection device, significantly improves the accuracy of excavation depth control. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the integrated device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a side view of the integrated device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of the integrated device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a detailed internal structure diagram of the head tunneling unit of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the fixing ring and transmission structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a detailed structural diagram of the contact-type probe groove sensor of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the tail section of the device of the present invention;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Head excavation unit; 11. Front longitudinal blade; 12. Front transverse blade; 13. Excavation rotary blade; 14. Internal rotary blade; 15. Mixing rod; 16. Water nozzle; 17. External topsink blade; 18. Mud conveying port; 2. Trench expansion unit; 21. Front expansion section; 22. Rear expansion section; 3. Trench wall reinforcement unit; 31. Cylindrical reinforcement structure; 32. Mud seepage structure; 33. Contact probe trench sensor; 33-1. Probe; 33-2. Cylinder; 33-3. Piston rod; 33-4. Protective housing; 34. Rear reinforcement section; 4. Water conveying unit; 41. Water conveying pipeline; 42. Water pump; 5. Mud conveying unit; 51. Mud pressurization device; 52. 53. Mud valve; 54. First mud pipe; 55. Second mud pipe; 56. Mud collection device; 57. Third mud pipe; 6. Mud discharge outlet; 78. Equipment connection unit; 69. Front connecting rod; 60. Rear connecting rod; 71. Support assembly; 72. Support rod one; 73. Support rod three; 80. Fixing ring assembly; 81. First fixing ring; 81-1. First fixing outer ring; 81-2. First rotating inner ring; 82. Second fixing ring; 82-1. Second fixing outer ring; 82-2. Second rotating inner ring; 9. Connecting isolation plate; 10. Transmission unit; 101. Head drive head; 102. Main drive motor; 103. Main transmission rod; 104. Power connection component. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] This invention is an integrated equipment for underwater trench excavation, mud treatment and trench wall forming based on the principle of shield tunneling.

[0035] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides an integrated underwater shield tunneling trenching and mud backfilling device, which mainly consists of an operation module, a support frame, a power transmission module and an auxiliary system.

[0036] The working module includes a head tunneling unit 1, a trench expansion unit 2, and a trench wall reinforcement unit 3, which are connected in series coaxially along the forward direction.

[0037] Head tunneling unit 1, located at the very front of the integrated equipment, is its core tunneling component, used to achieve preliminary cutting and mudification of the soil;

[0038] The trench extension unit 2 is rotatably disposed behind the head tunneling unit 1 and is used to perform secondary trimming and extension of the trench outline excavated by the head tunneling unit 1.

[0039] The trench wall reinforcement unit 3 is rotatably disposed behind the trench expansion unit 2, and is used to detect the trench size in real time during the advancement process and inject mud into the trench wall to enhance its stability.

[0040] The auxiliary system includes water conveying unit 4 and mud conveying unit 5.

[0041] Water supply unit 4 is connected to head tunneling unit 1 and is used to provide water for mixing mud to head tunneling unit 1;

[0042] The mud conveying unit 5 is used to pump, store, controllably discharge, and backfill and compact the mud generated by the head tunneling unit 1, and adjust the equipment weight and trenching depth by adjusting the amount of mud in the mud collection device 55.

[0043] The support frame mainly includes equipment connection unit 6, support component 7, fixing ring component 8 and connecting isolation plate 9.

[0044] The equipment connection unit 6 is used to connect the entire integrated equipment to an external work platform;

[0045] The head excavation unit 1, trench expansion unit 2, and trench wall reinforcement unit 3 are sequentially connected to the equipment connection unit 6 via support component 7, fixing ring component 8, and connecting isolation plate 9.

[0046] Connecting isolation plate 9, which is located at the rear end of trench wall reinforcement unit 3;

[0047] The internal cavities of the head excavation unit 1, the trench expansion unit 2, and the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 are interconnected to form a mud conveying channel; the pipe of the water conveying unit 4 passes through the connecting isolation plate 9.

[0048] The power transmission module mainly consists of transmission unit 10.

[0049] The transmission unit 10 is used to drive the head tunneling unit 1, the trench expansion unit 2 and the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 to rotate.

[0050] An external working platform (such as a cable-laying vessel) provides traction and support to the entire equipment via the front connecting rod 61 and the rear connecting rod 62 of the equipment connection unit 6. Support rod assembly 7, consisting of support rod one 71, support rod two 72, and support rod three 73, is connected between the first fixing ring 81 and the second fixing ring 82, forming a stable triangular spatial truss. This truss constitutes the main load-bearing frame of the equipment. A mud collection device 55 is installed on this frame.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the head tunneling unit 1 is located at the foremost end. It includes...

[0052] The head excavation shell adopts a cylindrical structure with an open front end and a closed rear end, and the head drive head 101 of the transmission unit 10 is set in the center.

[0053] Multiple front longitudinal blades 11 are arranged in a ring array on the front end face of the head tunneling shell, and each front longitudinal blade 11 is arranged radially along the head tunneling shell;

[0054] Multiple front transverse blades 12 are arranged in a ring array on the front end face of the head tunneling shell, and each front transverse blade 12 is arranged tangentially along the head tunneling shell;

[0055] Multiple front longitudinal blades 11 and multiple front transverse blades 12 form a grid-like cutting structure, responsible for the initial crushing of the original soil.

[0056] Multiple tunneling rotary blades 13 are located at the front end of the inner cavity of the head tunneling shell and are evenly distributed in a ring on the head drive head 101 for excavating the cross section and breaking the soil directly in front.

[0057] Multiple internal rotating blades 14 are located behind the tunneling rotating blades 13 and are uniformly and fixedly arranged in a ring on the head drive head 101 to perform secondary crushing of the soil blocks entering the unit.

[0058] Multiple stirring rods 15 are located behind the internal rotating blades 14 and are uniformly and fixedly arranged in a ring on the head drive head 101. They work in conjunction with the internal rotating blades 14 to violently stir the broken soil.

[0059] Multiple external trenching blades 17 are arranged in a multi-head spiral on the outside of the head excavation shell for further trenching.

[0060] The water nozzle 16 is located on the rear wall of the inner cavity of the head excavation shell and is connected to the water delivery unit 4. It is used to spray high-pressure water to mix with the soil being stirred to form a uniform slurry.

[0061] The mud inlet 18 is located on the rear wall of the inner cavity of the head excavation shell, serving as the initial channel for mud discharge and fluidly connected to the inner cavity of the trench extension unit 2.

[0062] The head drive 101 of the transmission unit 10 drives the tunneling rotary blade 13, the internal rotary blade 14 and the mixing rod 15 to rotate at high speed together, completing the tunneling, crushing and mixing functions. The pressurized water provided by the water supply unit 4 is injected from the rear water nozzle 16 and mixed with the crushed soil to form mud.

[0063] like Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the multiple tunneling rotary blades 13 adopt a sickle-shaped structure and are arranged in four groups symmetrically along the diagonal. Each group contains five tunneling rotary blades 13. Each group of tunneling rotary blades 13 is fixed on the same connecting shaft. Both ends of the four connecting shafts are fixedly installed on the head drive head 101 of the transmission unit 10.

[0064] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the main body of the trench expansion unit 2 is cylindrical, and its outer wall is provided with multi-head spiral blades. It can rotate as a whole under the drive of the transmission unit 10 to radially expand and trim the initial trench opened by the head tunneling unit 1 to achieve the required trench width. An annular groove is opened on the outer surface of the trench expansion unit 2, so that the trench expansion unit 2 is divided into a front expansion section 21 and a rear expansion section 22, and the first fixing ring 81 of the fixing ring assembly 8 is sleeved on the annular groove.

[0065] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the main body of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 is cylindrical. An annular groove 2 is opened on the outer surface of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, which divides the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 into a cylindrical reinforcement structure 31 and a post-reinforcement section 34. Multiple seepage outlets are opened on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforcement structure 31 to form a mud seepage structure 32. A contact-type probe groove sensor 33 is installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforcement structure 31. The second fixing ring 82 of the fixing ring assembly 8 is sleeved on the annular groove 2.

[0066] This unit is also driven to rotate by the transmission unit 10, and its cylindrical reinforcing structure 31 compresses the trench wall. The mud seepage structure 32 can seep some mud into the trench wall, thus playing a reinforcing role.

[0067] The cylindrical reinforcing structure 31 squeezes and compacts the wall of the formed trench through rotational motion, and has an inner cavity that is in fluid communication with the mud conveying port 18.

[0068] The mud seepage structure 32 can inject mud into the trench wall to enhance its stability;

[0069] The contact-type probe groove sensor 33 can detect the depth and width of the groove in real time during the advancement process.

[0070] like Figure 7As shown, the specific structure of the contact-type probe groove sensor 33 includes a front probe 33-1, a middle telescopic actuator (e.g., a hydraulic cylinder, including a cylinder 33-2 and a piston rod 33-3), and an external protective housing 33-4. The telescopic actuator is controlled by the equipment control system, and its working logic is as follows: during trenching operations, the probe 33-1 is periodically driven to extend intermittently, briefly contacting the trench wall or bottom to obtain a groove dimension signal, and then immediately retracts; during non-detection cycles, or when the equipment starts, stops, or detects a risk, the probe 33-1 remains in the retracted state to achieve effective detection and avoid probe damage. The protective housing 33-4, including the cylinder 33-2, piston rod 33-3, and external protective housing 33-4, is mounted on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforced structure 31. The telescopic actuator can drive the probe 33-1 to extend and contact the groove contour, or retract it to avoid obstacles.

[0071] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the water conveyance unit 4 includes

[0072] The water supply pipe 41 passes through the connecting isolation plate 9, the inner cavity of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, and the inner cavity of the trench expansion unit 2, and is connected to the water nozzle 16 and in fluid communication.

[0073] The water pump 42, connected to the water supply pipe 41, is responsible for drawing seawater from the outside and pressurizing it to provide a continuous high-pressure water flow to the nozzle 16.

[0074] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the mud conveying unit 5 includes

[0075] The mud pressurization device 51 has its inlet connected to the inner cavity of the rear reinforcement section 34 of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 through a short pipe, and is in fluid communication with the mud conveying port 18, and is used to pump the mud generated by the head tunneling unit 1 to the rear.

[0076] The mud valve 52 is a three-way valve, whose inlet is connected to the mud flow path at the output end of the mud pressurizing device 51, and is used to control the mud flow direction;

[0077] The first mud pipe 53 is connected to the first outlet of the mud valve 52 and is used to directly discharge the mud generated by the head tunneling unit 1.

[0078] The second mud pipe 54 is connected to the second outlet of the mud valve 52 and is used to transport mud to the mud collection device 55.

[0079] The mud collection device 55 receives mud through the second mud pipe 54 and adjusts the trenching depth by changing the weight of the device by adjusting the mud storage inside it; the mud collection device 55 is installed on a rigid external frame composed of support rod assembly 7.

[0080] The third mud pipe 56 is connected to the mud collection device 55 and is used to discharge the mud in the mud collection device 55.

[0081] The mud discharge outlet 57 is located at the end of the first mud pipe 53 and the third mud pipe 56, and is used to discharge mud and discharge backfill mud.

[0082] During operation, the mud generated by the head excavation unit 1 flows sequentially through the mud inlet 18, the inner cavity of the trench expansion unit 2, and the inner cavity of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, and is finally sucked in by the mud pressurization device 51. Thus, the mud inlet 18, the trench expansion unit 2, and the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 together form a continuous mud flow channel. The mud pressurization device 51 is connected to the very end of this channel (i.e., the rear end of the trench wall reinforcement unit 3) and is used to suck in the mud flowing through the entire channel. According to control commands, the mud valve 52 directs the mud through the first mud pipe 53 directly to the mud discharge outlet 57, or through the second mud pipe 54 into the mud collection device 55 for temporary storage. The stored mud can be pumped back to the mud discharge outlet 57 via the third mud pipe 56. By adjusting the amount of mud in the mud collection device 55, the overall weight of the equipment can be changed, thereby achieving precise control of the excavation depth.

[0083] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the device connection unit 6 includes a front connecting rod 61 and a rear connecting rod 62; the front connecting rod 61 is connected to the first fixing ring 81, and the rear connecting rod 62 is connected to the second fixing ring 82.

[0084] The front connecting rod 61 and the rear connecting rod 62 together form the support frame of the equipment, which is used to rigidly connect the entire equipment to the external working platform to ensure the stability of the posture of each unit and the transmission of power during operation.

[0085] like Figures 1-4 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the support assembly 7 includes two support rods 71, multiple support rods 72, and multiple support rods 73; the two support rods 71 ​​form two support frames, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mud collection device 55. The two support frames are fixedly connected to the mud collection device 55 through multiple support rods 72 and multiple support rods 73. The lower front end of the two support frames is connected to the first fixing ring 81 of the fixing ring assembly 8, and the lower rear end of the two support frames is connected to the second fixing ring 82 of the fixing ring assembly 8.

[0086] The retaining ring assembly 8 includes a first retaining ring 81 and a second retaining ring 82.

[0087] The first fixing ring 81 is fitted onto the annular groove between the front extension section 21 and the rear extension section 22.

[0088] The second fixing ring 82 is fitted onto the annular groove 2 between the cylindrical reinforcing structure 31 and the rear reinforcing section 34.

[0089] The first fixing ring 81 and the second fixing ring 82 adopt the same design.

[0090] The fixing ring assembly 8 includes a first fixing ring 81 and a second fixing ring 82.

[0091] The first fixed ring 81 includes a first fixed outer ring 81-1 and multiple first rotating inner rings 81-2. The first fixed outer ring 81-1 is rigidly connected to the front connecting rod 61 of the equipment connecting unit 6 at the lower front end of the two support frames by bolts, and is a fixed part. The multiple first rotating inner rings 81-2 are semi-cylindrical structures, each with one side fixedly connected to the groove expansion unit 2, and the other side is a curved surface that directly contacts and rolls relative to the inner surface of the first fixed outer ring 81-1. By being fixedly connected to the groove expansion unit 2, the first fixed ring 81 can reliably connect the rotating unit and the non-rotating frame while withstanding greater vertical loads.

[0092] The second fixed ring 82 includes a second fixed outer ring 82-1 and multiple second rotating inner rings 82-2. The second fixed outer ring 82-1 is rigidly connected to the rear connecting rod 62 of the equipment connecting unit 6 at the lower rear end of the two support frames by bolts, and is a fixed part. The multiple second rotating inner rings 82-2 have a semi-cylindrical structure, one side of which is fixedly connected to the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, and the other side is a curved surface that directly contacts and rolls relative to the inner surface of the second fixed outer ring 82-1. By being fixedly connected to the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, the second fixed ring 82 can achieve a reliable connection between the rotating unit and the non-rotating frame, while also being able to withstand greater vertical loads.

[0093] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 As shown, the transmission unit 10 is the core drive source of the equipment. The main drive motor 102 is located in the fixed area at the rear of the equipment, behind the connecting isolation plate 9. The main drive rod 103 extends forward from the output end of the main drive motor 102, passing sequentially through the internal cavities of the connecting isolation plate 9, the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, and the trench expansion unit 2. Its front end is connected to the head drive head 101 to drive the rotating cutting blade 13, the internal rotating blade 14, and the stirring rod 15 of the head tunneling unit 1 to rotate. A power connector 104 (such as a flange or drive key) is fixed on the main drive rod 103. This power connector 104 is connected to the rotating housing of the trench expansion unit 2 and / or the trench wall reinforcement unit 3, thereby transmitting torque to the trench expansion unit 2 and the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 to drive their overall rotation.

[0094] like Figure 8As shown, the connecting isolation plate 9 is a fixed circular plate, with a planar bearing and corresponding sealing components between it and the rotating rear reinforcement section 34. The connecting isolation plate 9 has sealing holes for the main drive rod 103, water supply pipe 41, and mud connection pipe to pass through. This structure achieves sealed connection between the rotating and fixed parts of the equipment, ensuring the transmission and water supply pipeline are sealed and connected, and guaranteeing relative free rotation between the two parts. It marks the physical boundary between the rotating part (front) and the fixed part (rear) of the equipment.

[0095] The workflow of this invention is as follows:

[0096] The equipment is towed forward by an external platform. The main drive motor 102 is started, and power is transmitted through the main transmission rod 103 to simultaneously rotate the housings of the head excavation unit 1, trench expansion unit 2, and trench wall reinforcement unit 3. The head excavation unit 1 cuts into the soil, and the soil, after being broken by multi-stage blades, mixes with high-pressure water jets from the nozzle 16 under the action of the mixing rod 15 to form mud. Under negative pressure, the mud is drawn through the internal connecting cavity to the mud pressurization device 51. The control system adjusts the mud valve 52 based on the real-time trench dimensions fed back by the contact probe trench shape sensor 33, controlling the mud's destination (direct backfilling or storage in the mud collection device 55 to adjust the equipment counterweight), thus achieving depth control. Simultaneously, the trench expansion unit 2 widens the trench, and the trench wall reinforcement unit 3 compacts the trench walls and reinforces them through the mud seepage structure 32. Finally, the equipment completes a trench with controllable dimensions and stable walls, which can be backfilled using the treated mud.

[0097] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device, characterized in that: Comprising a head excavation unit (1) rotatably arranged at the front end of the integrated device for realizing the initial cutting and slurry of the soil; a trench expansion unit (2) rotatably arranged behind the head excavation unit (1) for secondary finishing and expansion of the trench profile excavated by the head excavation unit (1); a trench wall reinforcement unit (3) rotatably arranged behind the trench expansion unit (2) for real-time detection of the trench size during the advancing process and for injecting slurry to the trench wall; a water conveying unit (4) connected with the head excavation unit (1) for providing water for mixing slurry for the head excavation unit (1); a slurry conveying unit (5) for pumping, storing, controllable discharging and backfilling and compacting the slurry generated by the head excavation unit (1); a device connecting unit (6) for connecting the entire integrated device with an external operation platform; the head excavation unit (1), the trench expansion unit (2) and the trench wall reinforcement unit (3) are sequentially connected with the device connecting unit (6) through a support assembly (7), a fixed ring assembly (8), a connecting isolation sheet (9), a transmission unit (10) for driving the head excavation unit (1), the trench expansion unit (2) and the trench wall reinforcement unit (3) to rotate.

2. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the head excavation unit (1) comprises a head excavation shell, a front longitudinal blade (11) and a front transverse blade (12) arranged on the front end surface of the shell, an excavation rotary blade (13) rotatably arranged at the front end of the inner cavity of the shell, an internal rotary blade (14) located at the rear side of the excavation rotary blade (13), a stirring rod (15) located at the rear side of the internal rotary blade (14), a water injection port (16) on the rear wall of the inner cavity of the head excavation shell, an external land leveling blade (17) arranged on the outer side of the head excavation shell, and a slurry conveying port (18) arranged on and opened on the rear wall of the head excavation shell, and the excavation rotary blade (13), the internal rotary blade (14) and the stirring rod (15) are fixedly connected to the head drive head (101).

3. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trench expansion unit (2) is a cylindrical structure, a plurality of spiral blades are arranged on the outer wall of the trench expansion unit (2) for radially expanding the initial trench excavated by the head excavation unit (1), an annular groove one is opened on the outer surface of the trench expansion unit (2) to divide the trench expansion unit (2) into a front expansion section (21) and a rear expansion section (22), and a first fixed ring (81) of the fixed ring assembly (8) is sleeved on the annular groove one.

4. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trench wall reinforcement unit (3) is a cylindrical structure, an annular groove two is opened on the outer surface of the trench wall reinforcement unit (3) to divide the trench wall reinforcement unit (3) into a cylindrical reinforcement structure (31) and a rear reinforcement section (34), a plurality of seepage outlets are opened on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforcement structure (31) to form a slurry seepage structure (32), a contact type probe rod trench sensor (33) is installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforcement structure (31), a second fixed ring (82) of the fixed ring assembly (8) is sleeved on the annular groove two, The contact type probe rod groove-shaped sensor (33) comprises a probe head (33-1) at the front end, a telescopic actuating mechanism for driving the telescopic movement of the probe head (33-1), and an external protective shell (33-4) mounted on the outer wall of the cylindrical reinforcing structure (31).

5. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water delivery unit (4) comprises a water delivery pipeline (41) connected to the water outlet (16) through the connecting isolation sheet (9), the internal cavity of the groove wall reinforcing unit (3), the internal cavity of the groove expansion unit (2), and a water pump (42) connected to the water delivery pipeline (41) to provide continuous high-pressure water flow to the water outlet (16). The mud delivery unit (5) comprises a mud pressurizing device (51), a mud valve (52), a first mud pipeline (53), a second mud pipeline (54), a mud collecting device (55), a third mud pipeline (56), and a mud discharge outlet (57); the mud collecting device (55) is mounted on a rigid external frame formed by the support rod assembly (7); the inlet of the mud pressurizing device (51) is in communication with the internal cavity of the groove wall reinforcing unit (3), and the outlet thereof is in communication with the inlet of the mud valve (52); the first outlet of the mud valve (52) is in communication with the mud discharge outlet (57) through the first mud pipeline (53), and the second outlet thereof is in communication with the inlet of the mud collecting device (55) through the second mud pipeline (54); the outlet of the mud collecting device (55) is in communication with the mud discharge outlet (57) through the third mud pipeline (56).

6. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (7) comprises two support rods one (71), a plurality of support rods two (72), and a plurality of support rods three (73); the two support rods one (71) form two support frames, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mud collecting device (55) and fixedly connected to the mud collecting device (55) through the plurality of support rods two (72) and the plurality of support rods three (73); the support frame, the support rods two (72), and the support rods three (73) form a triangular rigid frame, the lower front ends of the two support frames are connected to the first fixing ring (81) of the fixing ring assembly (8), and the lower rear ends thereof are connected to the second fixing ring (82) of the fixing ring assembly (8).

7. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing ring assembly (8) comprises the first fixing ring (81) and the second fixing ring (82); 8. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first fixing ring (81) comprises a first fixed outer ring (81-1) and a plurality of first rotating inner rings (81-2); the first fixed outer ring (81-1) is rigidly connected to the lower front ends of the two support frames and the front connecting rod (61) of the equipment connecting unit (6) through bolts and belongs to a fixed part; the plurality of first rotating inner rings (81-2) are in the form of a semicylindrical structure, one side of each of which is fixedly connected to the groove expansion unit (2), and the other side thereof is a curved surface in direct contact with and relatively rolling against the inner surface of the first fixed outer ring (81-1); ​ The second fixed ring (82) comprises a second fixed outer ring (82-1) and a plurality of second rotating inner rings (82-2), the second fixed outer ring (82-1) is rigidly connected with the rear lower end of the two support frames, the rear connecting rod (62) of the equipment connecting unit (6) through bolts, and belongs to a fixed part, the plurality of second rotating inner rings (82-2) are semicylindrical structures, one side of each of which is fixedly connected with the trench wall reinforcing unit (3), and the other side is a curved surface, which is in direct contact with the inner surface of the second fixed outer ring (82-1) and relatively rolls.

9. The underwater shield trenching and slurry backfill integrated device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The equipment connecting unit (6) comprises a front connecting rod (61) and a rear connecting rod (62); the front connecting rod (61) is connected with the first fixed ring (81), and the rear connecting rod (62) is connected with the second fixed ring (82).

10. The integrated underwater trenching and slurry backfilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The transmission unit (10) comprises a main drive motor (102), a main transmission rod (103) driven by the main drive motor (102), a head driving head (101) arranged at the front end of the main transmission rod (103), and a power connecting piece (104) arranged on the main transmission rod (103); the head driving head (101) is connected with and drives the head tunneling unit (1) to rotate, and the power connecting piece (104) is connected with and drives the shell of the trench expanding unit (2) and the trench wall reinforcing unit (3) to rotate.

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