Wind generating set

Abstract

The invention provides a wind generating set, and relates to the technical field of wind power generation, the wind generating set is provided with a joist assembly with a vertical guide structure, so that a generator cabin can be lifted along the axial direction of a tower drum, rigid support is formed through a locking device after the generator cabin is lifted to a preset operation height, and the whole machine yawing function is realized in combination with a yawing rotary table; the distance between the rotating plane of the wind wheel and the tower drum is remarkably increased, the tower sweeping risk of the blades is effectively reduced, the generator cabin can be lowered to the low position and locked before a typhoon comes, the gravity center of the structure and wind load stress are greatly reduced, and safety under the extreme working condition is improved; meanwhile, due to the lifting type design, the wind generating set can complete component installation and maintenance work at a low height, the offshore construction process is simplified, dependence on a large hoisting ship is reduced, the installation and operation and maintenance efficiency is improved, and the whole life cycle cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular to a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] As wind turbines develop towards larger capacity, taller towers, and longer blades, the risk of blade sweeping against the tower increases significantly. This is especially true in situations of sudden strong wind changes, yaw delays, or control mismatches, where flexible blades are prone to bending and swaying, potentially impacting the tower. Simultaneously, offshore construction is constrained by lifting capacity, weather windows, and transportation conditions, leading to a sharp increase in the difficulty and cost of installing large-scale turbines. During operation and maintenance, replacing large components relies on heavy-duty lifting equipment, resulting in long downtimes and high costs. Under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons, traditional fixed-height turbines bear enormous wind loads, posing a severe challenge to structural safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new wind turbine design that balances safety, structural stability, ease of construction / installation, ease of operation and maintenance, and adaptability to extreme operating conditions to promote the reliable and sustainable development of future wind power projects (especially large-scale turbines and deep-sea / floating wind farms). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind turbine generator set that reduces the risk of blade sweeping, improves safety under extreme operating conditions, increases installation and maintenance efficiency, and reduces the total life cycle cost.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a wind turbine generator set, comprising: a tower, a wind turbine, a generator nacelle, a support beam assembly, a yaw turntable, a lifting drive device, and a locking device; a first end of the support beam assembly is fixedly connected to the generator nacelle, and a second end is provided with a vertical guide structure, which is slidably connected to the tower along its axial direction, and the support beam assembly is also used to increase the distance between the wind turbine's rotation plane and the tower; the lifting drive device is installed on the tower and the support beam assembly, and is used to drive the generator nacelle to rise and fall along the tower's axial direction; the yaw turntable is disposed on the top of the tower, and is used to connect with the support beam assembly, so that the generator nacelle can rotate around the tower's centerline in an unlocked state; after the generator nacelle rises and falls to a predetermined height, the locking device is activated to lock the support beam assembly to the tower, forming a rigid support structure.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the support beam assembly includes a first half beam and a second half beam. After the first half beam and the second half beam are spliced ​​together, they together form a frame with a closed ring shape in cross-section. A central channel for accommodating the tower is formed inside the frame.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the second end of the support beam assembly is provided with a slider or guide rail structure, which slides in cooperation with the vertical guide rail provided on the outside of the tower to form a vertical guiding device.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, the lifting drive includes: a winch, ropes, and pulley blocks; the winch and pulley blocks are mounted on the top of the tower; a structure for securing the ropes is mounted on the support beam assembly; the winch vertically lifts and lowers the support beam assembly by winding the ropes, thereby driving the generator nacelle to lift and lower along the tower axis.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the locking device includes an electric locking pin and a hydraulic locking device disposed between the beam assembly and the tower.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the yaw turntable is provided with a raised wheel, and the inner surface of the support beam assembly is provided with a groove; in the unlocked state, the support beam assembly and the wheel are connected in a concave-convex fit so that the yaw turntable drives the generator nacelle to rotate around the center line of the tower.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the bottom of the yaw turntable is provided with N protruding wheels; the inner surface of the support beam assembly is provided with N through-hole notches and grooves and N positioning grooves; when the N protruding wheels are connected with the N positioning grooves in a convex-concave fit, the support beam assembly is fixed on the yaw turntable; when the N protruding wheels are connected with the N through-hole notches and grooves in a convex-concave fit, the generator nacelle can be raised and lowered along the tower axis.

[0011] In an optional implementation, the wind turbine generator set further includes an adaptive adjustment module; the adaptive adjustment module is used to acquire meteorological early warning information, and when a typhoon is detected, it automatically generates a descent command to trigger the lifting drive device to perform a descent operation, while controlling the blades on the wind turbine to adjust to the typhoon feather-shaped shutdown posture.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the tower also includes a beam limiting device for calibrating the minimum drop height of the beam assembly.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the number of generator nacelles is two, and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the tower.

[0014] The wind turbine generator set provided by this invention features a support beam assembly with a vertical guide structure, allowing the generator nacelle to be raised and lowered along the tower axis. After being raised and lowered to a predetermined operating height, it forms a rigid support through a locking device. Combined with a yaw turntable, this enables the entire unit to yaw. This not only significantly increases the distance between the rotor's rotation plane and the tower, effectively reducing the risk of blades swiping the tower, but also allows the generator nacelle to be lowered to a low position and locked before a typhoon arrives, greatly reducing the structural center of gravity and wind load, and improving safety under extreme conditions. At the same time, the lifting design allows the wind turbine generator set to complete component installation and maintenance operations at a low height, simplifying the offshore construction process, reducing reliance on large lifting vessels, improving installation and maintenance efficiency, and reducing the total life cycle cost. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of a wind turbine generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a wind turbine generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This invention provides an installation diagram of a wind turbine generator set in three applicable scenarios. Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a beam support assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a lifting drive device in a wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator set descending to the low position of the tower, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a yaw turntable provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a multi-angle schematic diagram of the first half beam in a beam assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a multi-angle schematic diagram of the second half beam in a beam support assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of lifting a beam assembly, rotating a wheel, and lowering the beam assembly, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating an automatic yaw of a wind turbine generator to align with the wind and generate electricity, provided as an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another wind turbine generator set provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0019] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0020] Example 1 This invention provides a wind turbine generator set, for reference. Figures 1-2 The wind turbine generator set includes: tower 100, wind rotor 101, generator nacelle 102, support beam assembly 103, yaw turntable 104, and lifting drive device. Figures 1-2 (not shown in the image) and locking device ( Figures 1-2 (Not shown in the image).

[0021] The first end of the support beam assembly is fixedly connected to the generator nacelle, and the second end is provided with a vertical guide structure that is slidably connected to the tower along its axial direction. The support beam assembly is also used to increase the distance between the wind turbine rotation plane and the tower.

[0022] The lifting drive unit is installed on the tower and the supporting beam assembly and is used to drive the generator nacelle to move up and down along the tower axis.

[0023] The yaw turntable is located at the top of the tower and is used to connect with the support beam assembly, allowing the generator nacelle to rotate around the centerline of the tower in the unlocked state.

[0024] After the generator nacelle is raised or lowered to the predetermined height, the locking device is activated to lock the support beam assembly to the tower, forming a rigid support structure.

[0025] Specifically, the core of the wind turbine generator set provided in this embodiment of the invention lies in the introduction of a liftable support beam assembly in coordination with the yaw turntable, enabling the vertical movement and circumferential rotation of the nacelle platform (short for the "generator nacelle and wind turbine combination") on the tower. This balances operational efficiency, construction convenience, maintenance flexibility, and structural safety under extreme conditions. The unit as a whole includes: tower, wind turbine, generator nacelle, support beam assembly, yaw turntable, lifting drive device, and locking device. The components work together through precise mechanical connections and control logic to adapt to the operational needs of multiple stages, from installation and normal power generation to typhoon response.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the tower serves as the foundational load-bearing structure for the entire unit. It can be used for fixed onshore supports (such as spread foundations, pile foundations, or jacket foundations) as well as for fixed offshore supports (such as monopiles, multipiles, and jacket foundations) and even floating offshore foundations (such as semi-submersible and tension leg foundations). Figure 1 The wind turbine shown is a monopile foundation type offshore wind turbine. Figure 1 The locations of sea level 201 and seabed 202 have been shown. The tower not only bears the vertical gravity load but also needs to resist wind loads, yaw inertial forces, and dynamic loads caused by earthquakes or waves. A yaw turntable is installed at its top, possessing 360-degree rotation capability. It typically consists of an external gear ring, drive gear, slewing bearing, and control system, and can actively adjust its azimuth angle based on wind direction sensor signals to ensure the wind turbine is always aligned with the oncoming wind direction to maximize energy capture efficiency.

[0027] The generator nacelle integrates power transmission components such as the main shaft, generator, and pitch control system. In this embodiment of the invention, it is not directly fixed to the tower top, but rather indirectly connected to the tower via a support beam assembly. The first end of the support beam assembly is firmly connected to the generator nacelle, forming a rigid support frame; the second end is equipped with a vertical guide structure, such as a guide rail, slider, guide rod, or nested sleeve structure. This structure slides axially against the outer wall of the tower, allowing the entire generator nacelle to rise and fall smoothly in the vertical direction. Crucially, the support beam assembly extends laterally by a certain distance, effectively pushing the rotor's rotation plane outward, significantly increasing the distance between the blades and the tower, fundamentally reducing the risk of "tower sweeping" caused by blade deformation, gust disturbances, or control delays.

[0028] The lifting drive unit is the power source for adjusting the nacelle position. It can take the form of a winch system (wire rope + pulley block), hydraulic cylinder, electric push rod, or multi-point synchronous lifting mechanism, and is installed at a suitable location inside or outside the tower, connected to the support beam assembly. During construction or typhoon warnings, the control system automatically activates the lifting drive unit, lowering the generator nacelle along with the support beam assembly from its high operating position to the lower middle part of the tower or even close to the foundation. After blade installation is completed or the typhoon has passed, the operation is reversed to raise it to the designed power generation height. The entire lifting process can be precisely and synchronously controlled via PLC or remote monitoring system to prevent tilting, jamming, or structural damage caused by uneven force.

[0029] The yaw turntable is located at the top of the tower, and its upper surface has a connection interface for detachable docking with the support beam assembly when the generator nacelle is in a high-position operation. Once the nacelle is raised to the predetermined position, a portion of the support beam assembly (such as a bracket or support) embeds into the corresponding groove or positioning hole on the yaw turntable, thus establishing a yaw moment transmission path. At this time, the yaw turntable can drive the entire generator nacelle to rotate around the tower's centerline via its drive mechanism, achieving active wind-fighting functionality. When the nacelle is in a lowered position (such as during installation or typhoon preparedness), the support beam assembly disengages from the yaw turntable, and the yaw function is temporarily disabled to avoid unnecessary movement interference.

[0030] A locking device is installed between the support beam assembly and the tower, and may also be installed between the support beam assembly and the yaw turntable. It is used to secure the generator nacelle after it has been raised or lowered to the target height, forming a stable, rigid connection structure. This locking device may include mechanical pins, hydraulic clamps, wedge-shaped locking blocks, or a multi-point anchoring system. After the nacelle is in position, it automatically inserts into preset holes or presses against the contact surface to resist vibrations, torsional loads, and lateral wind forces generated during operation. The lifting drive can only operate again after the locking device is fully released, ensuring operational safety. This design achieves orderly switching between the three states of "lifting—locking—yaw," ensuring both structural rigidity and windward flexibility during normal operation, while providing a safe posture with a low center of gravity and small windward front when not in operation.

[0031] In summary, this invention, by constructing the generator nacelle and support beam assembly into a composite structure that can slide along the tower axis and couple with the yaw system at a specific height, breaks through the traditional design paradigm of fixing the wind turbine nacelle to the top of the tower. This unit structure not only improves the convenience of construction assembly and replacement of large components (allowing for low-level operation) and significantly reduces reliance on large hoisting equipment, making it particularly suitable for engineering implementation in complex deep-sea conditions; it also allows for proactive descent to avoid danger before extreme weather events such as typhoons, significantly reducing the overall wind pressure area and overturning moment, thus improving survivability; furthermore, the lateral extension design of the support beam geometrically optimizes the spatial relationship between the blades and the tower, fundamentally alleviating the increasingly prominent tower sweeping problem of large-scale units, and has significant engineering application value.

[0032] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the support beam assembly includes a first half beam 301 and a second half beam 302. After the first half beam and the second half beam are spliced ​​together, they together form a frame with a closed ring cross-section. A central channel for accommodating the tower is formed inside the frame.

[0033] Specifically, the support beam assembly, as a key structural component in this embodiment of the invention, not only bears the static load function of supporting the generator nacelle, but also realizes the lifting and lowering movement of the nacelle along the tower axis and the dynamic connection with the yaw system. To improve the overall structure, ease of installation, and adaptability to offshore construction, the support beam assembly is designed to consist of two parts: a first half-beam and a second half-beam. The two parts are assembled on the construction site or in the factory pre-assembly stage through detachable mechanical connections (such as toothed joints, high-strength bolts, locating pins, and flange interfaces). This split design significantly reduces the size and weight of individual components for transportation, improves the feasibility of land transportation and offshore transshipment, and is particularly suitable for the stringent restrictions on logistics channels for large components in deep-sea wind power projects.

[0034] After the first and second halves of the beam are joined, they together form a rigid frame structure with a closed ring cross-section. This ring frame surrounds the tower, and the central channel formed on its inner side allows the tower to pass through, enabling the support beam assembly to slide vertically along the outer wall of the tower. This closed ring structure has excellent torsional stiffness and lateral stability, effectively transmitting yaw torque and suppressing nacelle sway during unit operation, and evenly distributing concentrated loads from the generator nacelle to the periphery of the tower, avoiding localized stress concentration. Simultaneously, the ring layout makes the structural stress more symmetrical, which is beneficial for maintaining multi-point synchronization during lifting and lowering, reducing the risk of off-center loading.

[0035] It is important to note that the design of the central channel is not simply a geometric containment, but rather integrates functional units of a vertical guide structure. For example, guide rails, sliders, or wear-resistant liners are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first and second half-beams, cooperating with pre-set guide components (such as longitudinal ribs or embedded guide rods) on the outer surface of the tower to form a high-precision sliding pair. This guide system ensures that the support beam assembly maintains the correct spatial posture during lifting and lowering, preventing twisting, tilting, or jamming. In addition, the guide structure can also integrate displacement sensors and limit switches to monitor the lifting and lowering status in real time and provide safety protection.

[0036] In one alternative embodiment, the second end of the support beam assembly is provided with a slider or guide rail structure, which slides in cooperation with the vertical guide rail provided on the outside of the tower to form a vertical guiding device.

[0037] Specifically, the second end of the support beam assembly is equipped with a slider or guide rail structure, which forms a sliding engagement with the vertical guide rails arranged on the outside of the tower, together constituting a high-precision, high-load-bearing-capacity vertical guiding device. The core function of this guiding device is to provide reliable axial guidance during the raising and lowering of the generator nacelle, ensuring that the nacelle platform moves smoothly and synchronously up and down along the centerline of the tower, avoiding tilting, twisting, or jamming caused by off-center loading, wind disturbance, or asynchronous drive, and ensuring the safety and controllability of the entire raising and lowering process.

[0038] Specifically, when the support beam assembly adopts a closed-loop frame design, its inner side (i.e., the side facing the tower) is equipped with a slider or guide rail structure in the axial extension direction. For example, wear-resistant metal sliders or polymer composite material liners can be installed symmetrically on the inner walls of the first and second half-beams. These sliders, as the active components of the sliding pair, are embedded in the vertical guide rail grooves pre-welded or integrated on the outer surface of the tower. Conversely, protruding guide rails can also be set on the support beam assembly, while a corresponding sliding sleeve or groove structure is configured on the outer side of the tower, forming a reverse fit of "support beam guide rail + tower sliding sleeve". Regardless of which arrangement method is adopted, it is necessary to ensure that the contact surface has sufficient hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance to adapt to long-term operation and harsh environments such as high humidity and salt spray at sea.

[0039] Optionally, to achieve multi-point coordinated guidance, multiple "guide rail-slider groups" are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction to make the load distribution more uniform and improve the stability and torsional resistance of the overall structure.

[0040] Furthermore, this vertical guide device can integrate a sensor system for real-time monitoring of displacement, speed, tilt angle, and stress state at each support point during the lifting process. For example, installing strain gauges or pressure sensors in the contact area between the slider and the guide rail can detect unilateral overload; combined with an encoder or laser rangefinder, it can accurately provide feedback on the current cabin height and achieve closed-loop control. Once an abnormal deviation is detected, the control system can automatically adjust the output torque of each lifting drive point for dynamic correction, ensuring smooth and reliable lifting operations.

[0041] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lifting drive device includes: a winch, ropes, and pulley blocks.

[0042] The winch and pulley block are installed at the top of the tower.

[0043] A structure for securing the ropes is installed on the beam assembly.

[0044] The winch raises and lowers the support beam assembly vertically by winding ropes, which in turn drives the generator nacelle to rise and fall along the tower axis.

[0045] Specifically, the lifting drive device is the core power system for realizing the lifting function of the nacelle in this embodiment of the invention. It mainly consists of a winch, ropes, and pulley blocks, forming a highly efficient, controllable, and redundant safety mechanism for vertical lifting. This device drives the support beam assembly and the generator nacelle it carries to move up or down along the tower axis through mechanical traction, thereby flexibly adjusting the nacelle height under different working conditions (such as installation, operation and maintenance, and typhoon response), significantly improving the engineering adaptability and operational safety of the unit.

[0046] As the power source for the entire lifting system, the winch typically employs an electric or electro-hydraulic hybrid drive system, featuring precise speed control, constant tension output, and emergency braking. Optionally, multiple winches (e.g., four) can be symmetrically arranged on the yaw turntable at the top of the tower or integrated into the superstructure platform to ensure uniform lifting force distribution and prevent tilting or jamming of the support beam assembly due to eccentric force. Each winch is equipped with an independent encoder, torque sensor, and safety brake, enabling multi-point synchronous rope winding and unwinding operations under the unified control system, ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the lifting process.

[0047] The pulley block is installed at the top of the tower and arranged in conjunction with the winch to change the rope direction and provide necessary mechanical gain. A pulley block typically consists of a combination of fixed and movable pulleys. The fixed pulleys are fixed to the tower top support, while the movable pulleys are connected to the lifting points on the support beam assembly or the rope anchoring structure. By rationally designing the number of pulleys and the rope threading method, the tensile force required on a single rope can be effectively reduced, increasing the system's load-bearing capacity and decreasing the winch's power requirements. Simultaneously, the pulley bearings feature a sealed, corrosion-resistant design, adapting to harsh environments such as high salt spray and strong winds at sea, ensuring long-term operational reliability.

[0048] As a key flexible element for transmitting traction, the rope is generally made of high-strength steel wire rope or fiber composite cable, possessing high tensile strength, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance. One end of the rope is fixed to the drum of the winch, and after being guided by the pulley block, the other end is securely connected to the pre-set rope anchor point on the support beam assembly. These anchoring structures are typically reinforced lugs, U-shaped clamps, or ring pin structures, capable of reliably withstanding dynamic loads and maintaining connection integrity under extreme conditions. To prevent loosening, a double-safety locking device and a tension monitoring module can also be installed.

[0049] When the generator nacelle needs to be lifted, the control system activates the winch, which, through forward and reverse winding or releasing of the ropes, drives the pulley system to move in tandem, thus smoothly raising and lowering the support beam assembly along the vertical guide rails on the outside of the tower. During the ascent, the system gradually raises the generator nacelle to the designed operating height; upon reaching the target position, the locking device automatically engages, rigidly locking the support beam assembly to the tower or yaw turntable, completing the transition from a "movable state" to a "rigidly supported state." Conversely, in the event of a typhoon warning or maintenance needs, the control system can remotely trigger a descent command, causing the winch to reverse, safely lowering the nacelle to a lower position for safety or convenient operation. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine generator descending to the lowest position on the tower.

[0050] In one alternative embodiment, the locking device includes an electric locking pin and a hydraulic locking device disposed between the beam assembly and the tower.

[0051] The locking device is a key safety component in this invention embodiment that ensures a rigid connection of the structure after lifting and lowering. Its core function is to reliably fix the support beam assembly to the tower after the generator nacelle is raised to the predetermined operating height or lowered to the typhoon / maintenance position, forming a stable structural system with sufficient strength and rigidity to resist vibrations, wind loads, yaw inertial forces, and dynamic impacts under extreme weather conditions generated during operation. The locking device mainly includes two types of mechanisms: electric locking pins and hydraulic locking devices. These two can be used independently or in combination to form a multi-redundant safety locking system.

[0052] The electric locking pin, as the primary position locking element, typically consists of a telescopic pin driven by a motor, installed on the side wall or bottom connecting support of the support beam assembly. A precisely matched array of pin holes is provided on the outer wall of the tower or the internal support structure. When the support beam assembly is raised or lowered to the target height, the control system confirms the current position via a displacement sensor and automatically aligns with the nearest locking hole. A command is then issued to extend the electric locking pin, inserting it into the hole on the tower side to complete the mechanical locking. This process can be remotely automated, eliminating the need for manual operation at height, making it particularly suitable for inaccessible working environments such as offshore wind power. The electric locking pin is equipped with limit switches and a status feedback module, capable of uploading "locked" or "not in position" signals to the central monitoring system in real time, ensuring operational visibility and safety.

[0053] Hydraulic locking devices are primarily used to provide surface-contact pressure locking, enhancing the overall structure's resistance to shear and torsion. They typically consist of a hydraulic cylinder, a pressure plate, and a sealing oil circuit system, positioned at multiple key stress points between the support beam assembly and the tower. Once the nacelle reaches its designated position and is initially positioned, the hydraulic system activates, pushing the pressure plate tightly against the tower surface or a pre-set pressure flange, generating a significant normal preload. This preload transfers lateral loads through friction, effectively suppressing relative sliding and fretting wear. Compared to pure pin connections, hydraulic locking devices offer higher dynamic response and load adaptability, making them particularly suitable for maintaining structural stability under complex alternating load conditions.

[0054] The two locking methods described above can be used in combination to form a "point-to-surface collaborative locking" mechanism: the electric locking pin is responsible for precise positioning and pull-out resistance, preventing vertical dislodgement; the hydraulic locking device bears most of the lateral force and torque transmission, improving the overall connection rigidity. This composite locking design not only improves the system's safety margin but also has fault tolerance capabilities. Even if one type of device experiences partial failure, the other can still temporarily maintain basic locking functionality, buying time for emergency handling.

[0055] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom of the yaw turntable is provided with a raised wheel, and the inner surface of the support beam assembly is provided with a groove.

[0056] In the unlocked state, the support beam assembly and the swivel wheel are connected by a convex-concave engagement, so that the yaw turntable drives the generator nacelle to rotate around the center line of the tower.

[0057] refer to Figures 7-9 In this embodiment of the invention, a "convex-concave fit" mechanical connection structure is designed between the yaw turntable and the support beam assembly. Specifically, a raised wheel is provided at the bottom of the outer periphery of the yaw turntable, and a matching annular groove is opened at the corresponding position on the inner surface of the support beam assembly (the side facing the yaw turntable). The two constitute a separable guide and transmission interface.

[0058] The raised rollers are evenly distributed around the circumference of the yaw turntable (e.g., 4-8), mounted on the turntable support via bearings, and can roll along a circular path driven by the drive gear. The grooves on the inner surface of the support beam assembly are U-shaped, V-shaped, or rectangular guide rail grooves, their width and depth precisely matched to the roller dimensions, allowing the rollers to embed within them and slide freely along the grooves. When the generator nacelle rises to its operating altitude and docks with the yaw turntable, the rollers automatically fall into the grooves, forming a stable mechanical coupling relationship, thus enabling the yaw turntable to effectively transmit rotational torque to the support beam assembly and the entire nacelle system.

[0059] It is important to note that this convex-concave connection structure is only activated when the nacelle is raised to its highest position and ready to enter normal power generation mode. During construction and installation, major component replacement, or typhoon descent, the nacelle is located in the lower part of the tower, the support beam assembly has no physical contact with the yaw turntable, and the runner is separated from the groove, thus avoiding unnecessary interference. This connectable and detachable design allows for the on-demand activation of functional modules, improving the system's flexibility and safety.

[0060] The control system uses position sensors to monitor whether the support beam assembly is accurately positioned and whether the rollers are fully embedded in the groove. The yaw system is only activated after confirming proper alignment. If misalignment or incomplete engagement is detected, the system will issue an alarm and prohibit yaw action to prevent equipment damage. Furthermore, a gentle slope or guide ramp can be designed at the end of the groove to facilitate automatic centering and sliding of the rollers during lifting and lowering, improving the success rate of docking.

[0061] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom of the yaw turntable is provided with N protruding wheels; the inner surface of the support beam assembly is provided with N through-hole notch grooves 401 and N positioning grooves 402.

[0062] When the N protruding wheels are connected to the N positioning grooves in a convex-concave fit, the support beam assembly is fixed on the yaw turntable.

[0063] When the N protruding rollers are connected to the N through-hole grooves, the generator nacelle can move up and down along the tower axis.

[0064] As described above, the embodiments of the present invention design a multifunctional and switchable mechanical interface structure between the yaw turntable and the support beam assembly. By setting N evenly distributed protruding wheels at the bottom of the yaw turntable and setting N through notches and grooves and N positioning slots at corresponding positions on the inner surface of the support beam assembly, the safe switching of the cabin between the "lifting mode" and the "operating yaw mode" can be realized.

[0065] Specifically, N raised rollers are connected to the turntable support via rolling bearings, allowing them to roll circumferentially under the action of the drive unit. These rollers not only bear part of the vertical load but, more importantly, serve as the medium for transmitting yaw moment. The inner structure of the support beam assembly is designed as a mating interface with dual functions, as shown in the reference... Figure 8 and Figure 9 On the one hand, there are N through-type notch grooves 401, which extend along the axial direction of the tower to form a channel that allows the wheel to pass through in the vertical direction; on the other hand, at the position corresponding to the support beam assembly after it is raised to the predetermined operating height, there are also N positioning grooves 402 with their openings facing downwards, which are used to form a stable fit with the wheel to achieve radial limiting and torque transmission.

[0066] When the generator unit is in a state requiring the lifting and lowering of the nacelle, such as during construction, installation, operation and maintenance, or typhoon sheltering, the control system activates the lifting drive device, causing the support beam assembly and the generator nacelle it carries to move axially along the tower. At this time, the N protruding rollers on the yaw turntable align and embed themselves into the N through-hole notches and grooves on the support beam assembly. Because these notches are vertically continuous, the rollers can slide up and down within them without being constrained by the horizontal direction, thus allowing the entire support beam assembly to maintain physical contact with the yaw turntable during lifting and lowering without a rigid connection, avoiding structural interference. This design ensures the guidance of the nacelle's lifting and lowering path without hindering the independent existence of the yaw system, achieving open lifting and lowering degrees of freedom.

[0067] When the generator nacelle needs to be raised to the design height required for normal power generation, the control system precisely controls the lifting and lowering of the support beam assembly and triggers the attitude calibration mechanism. This ensures that after each through-hole groove of the support beam assembly rises completely away from the rotating wheel position, the yaw turntable rotates, causing the rotating wheel to rotate so that the N positioning slots of the support beam assembly align with the N protruding rotating wheels. Subsequently, the support beam assembly moves downward under the drive of the lifting drive device, causing each rotating wheel to fall completely into its corresponding positioning slot, forming a secure concave-convex fit connection. At this point, the rotating wheel is restricted in the positioning slot and cannot move axially; it can only rotate with the support beam assembly as a whole. The yaw turntable then drives the rotating wheel to roll along the circular track via the drive gear, thereby efficiently transmitting rotational torque to the generator nacelle and achieving active yaw wind-fighting function. Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the process of lifting the support beam assembly, rotating the rollers, and lowering the support beam assembly. Figure 5The wind turbine generator set in the diagram is a schematic diagram of its supporting beam assembly in the lifting state. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing a wind turbine automatically yawing to the wind and generating electricity.

[0068] The dual-slot structure (through notch + positioning slot) provided in this embodiment of the invention achieves safe isolation and orderly switching between two working modes: the through notch ensures unobstructed passage during lifting, while the positioning slot ensures reliable connection during operation. To improve docking accuracy, a chamfer or guide slope can be set at the entrance of the positioning slot to assist automatic centering; at the same time, a laser alignment sensor or encoder feedback system is used to monitor the relative position in real time to ensure accurate locking.

[0069] In one alternative implementation, the wind turbine generator set further includes an adaptive adjustment module.

[0070] The adaptive adjustment module is used to obtain meteorological early warning information. When a typhoon is detected, it automatically generates a descent command to trigger the lifting drive device to perform a descent operation, while controlling the blades on the wind turbine to adjust to the typhoon feather-shaped shutdown posture.

[0071] This invention further integrates an adaptive adjustment module as the core control unit for intelligent operation and proactive safety protection. This module accesses meteorological monitoring systems, regional weather forecasting platforms, and marine buoy observation networks to acquire real-time meteorological data around the wind field, particularly key early warning information such as typhoon path, intensity level, predicted landfall time, maximum wind speed, and air pressure change trends. Based on preset judgment thresholds (such as sustained wind speeds exceeding 25 m / s or receiving a yellow or higher typhoon warning from the meteorological bureau), the adaptive adjustment module can automatically identify the arrival of extreme weather events and activate corresponding emergency response mechanisms, significantly improving the unit's survivability in harsh environments.

[0072] Specifically, when a typhoon is detected approaching its impact area, the adaptive adjustment module automatically generates a descent command and sends it to the unit's main control system. This command takes precedence over routine operations, triggering the descent procedure of the lifting drive unit: the winch releases the wire rope according to a predetermined synchronization strategy, and the pulley system works in concert to allow the support beam assembly to smoothly lower the entire generator nacelle along the vertical guide rails on the outside of the tower to a preset safe height, typically the lower middle part of the tower or near the foundation. This process requires no manual intervention, supports remote monitoring and emergency start / stop, and is particularly suitable for unmanned deep-sea wind farms. Simultaneously, the system monitors the displacement, speed, and stress state of each lifting support point in real time, automatically correcting or suspending operation upon detecting any abnormal deviation to ensure a safe and reliable descent process.

[0073] While performing the descent operation, the adaptive adjustment module also sends a linkage command to the pitch control system, controlling the three blades on the turbine to rotate synchronously to the "typhoon feather shutdown posture," that is, all blade pitch angles are adjusted to approximately 90° (feathered state), making the blades windward (i.e., the edges of the blades face the direction of the wind), thereby minimizing the wind thrust on the blades, achieving aerodynamic braking, and preventing the turbine from being damaged by excessive wind speed. This posture can effectively reduce the vibration, fatigue damage, and tower sweep risk of the blades caused by strong wind excitation. Especially when the nacelle has been lowered to a low position and the overall structural rigidity has been enhanced, a dual typhoon resistance mode of "low center of gravity + low wind resistance" is formed, which greatly improves the stability of the whole machine under extreme wind and wave coupled loads.

[0074] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 12 As shown, the tower also includes a beam limiting device 105, which is used to calibrate the minimum drop height of the beam assembly.

[0075] The beam limiting device installed on the tower is a key limiting mechanism in this embodiment of the invention, ensuring the safety and controllability of the lifting process and preventing mechanical overshoot and structural damage. Its core function is to accurately calibrate and forcibly constrain the minimum safe height of the beam assembly during the lowering operation, ensuring that the nacelle platform will not descend to a dangerous position that endangers structural integrity or affects the foundation connection due to drive failure, signal misinterpretation, or external disturbances.

[0076] Optionally, the beam limiting device consists of the following three parts working together: First, a rigid limiting baffle or boss installed on the outer wall of the tower or the internal support ring, the position of which is determined by structural mechanics analysis and fatigue simulation, corresponding to the lowest boundary of the beam assembly that is allowed to descend; Second, a contact triggering mechanism (such as a buffer block, metal contact arm, or hydraulic buffer head) arranged at the bottom or side of the beam assembly, which indicates that the preset minimum height has been reached when it contacts the limiting baffle; Third, a multi-redundant sensor system integrated near the contact point, including: mechanical micro switches, proximity switches, photoelectric encoders, and high-precision displacement sensors, used to provide real-time feedback on the position status of the beam assembly and synchronously upload the signal to the main control system and adaptive adjustment module.

[0077] As the support beam assembly descends along the vertical guide rail, approaching the preset minimum height, the control system will enter the "deceleration zone" in advance based on encoder readings, reducing the winch speed. When the trigger mechanism on the support beam assembly contacts the limit baffle, the sensor immediately outputs a "positioned" signal. The main control system then cuts off the lifting power output and activates the low-position locking mechanism in the locking device (such as a hydraulic clamp or electric pin), rigidly fixing the support beam assembly in this safe position. At this time, even if there is still abnormal output in the drive system, the rigid baffle can provide ultimate mechanical protection to prevent further descent.

[0078] In one alternative embodiment, the number of generator nacelles is two, and they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the tower.

[0079] For details, please refer to Figure 12 If there are two generator nacelles, they are arranged symmetrically along the tower centerline to form an innovative dual-nacelle collaborative power generation structure. This design breaks through the traditional configuration paradigm of single-nacelle wind turbines. By setting an independent generator nacelle on each side of the support beam assembly (i.e., at radially symmetrical positions on the tower), the energy capture efficiency and system redundancy per unit tower height are significantly improved. Each of the two generator nacelles is equipped with a complete wind turbine, main shaft, converter, and control system, which can operate and be controlled independently, or can be coordinated and scheduled to form a modular and scalable power output architecture.

[0080] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0081] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0082] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator system characterized by, The wind turbine generator set comprises a tower tube, a wind wheel, a generator cabin, a beam assembly, a yawing turntable, a lifting driving device and a locking device. The first end of the beam assembly is fixedly connected with the generator cabin, and the second end is provided with a vertical guide structure and is slidably connected with the tower tube along the axial direction of the tower tube. The lifting driving device is installed on the tower tube and the beam assembly and is used to drive the generator cabin to ascend and descend along the axial direction of the tower tube. The yawing turntable is arranged at the top of the tower tube and is used to be connected with the beam assembly, so that the generator cabin can rotate around the center line of the tower tube in an unlocked state. After the generator cabin is lifted to a predetermined height, the locking device is activated to lock the beam assembly and the tower tube, forming a rigid support structure. The beam assembly comprises a first half beam and a second half beam, which are spliced to jointly enclose a frame with a closed ring cross section, and a central passage for accommodating the tower tube is formed in the frame.

2. A wind power plant according to claim 1, characterised in that The second end of the beam assembly is provided with a sliding block or a guide rail structure and is slidably connected with a vertical guide rail arranged on the outside of the tower tube, forming a vertical guide device.

3. A wind power plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The lifting driving device comprises a winch, a rope and a pulley block.

4. The wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that The winch and the pulley block are installed at the top of the tower tube. A structure for fixing the rope is installed on the beam assembly. The winch winds the rope to vertically lift the beam assembly, thereby driving the generator cabin to ascend and descend along the axial direction of the tower tube. The locking device comprises an electric lock pin and a hydraulic locker arranged between the beam assembly and the tower tube.

5. The wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that The bottom of the yawing turntable is provided with a protruding rotating wheel, and the inner surface of the beam assembly is provided with a recess.

6. The wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that In the unlocked state, the beam assembly is connected with the rotating wheel in a concave-convex matching mode, so that the yawing turntable drives the generator cabin to rotate around the center line of the tower tube. The bottom of the yawing turntable is provided with N protruding rotating wheels, and the inner surface of the beam assembly is provided with N through-type notch recesses and N positioning grooves.

7. The wind power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that When the N protruding rotating wheels are connected with the N positioning grooves in a concave-convex matching mode, the beam assembly is fixed on the yawing turntable. When the N protruding rotating wheels are connected with the N through-type notch recesses in a concave-convex matching mode, the generator cabin can ascend and descend along the axial direction of the tower tube. The wind turbine generator set further comprises an adaptive adjustment module.

8. The wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that The adaptive adjustment module is used to obtain meteorological warning information, automatically generate a lowering instruction to trigger the lifting driving device to perform a lowering operation when a typhoon is detected, and control the blades on the wind wheel to adjust to a typhoon feathered parking posture. The tower tube further comprises a beam limiting device for marking the lowest lowering height of the beam assembly.

9. The wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the generator cabins is 2, and the generator cabins are arranged in an axial symmetry with the tower tube.

10. The wind power generating unit according to claim 1, characterized by ​

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