River channel water quality on-line monitoring device

Abstract

The invention provides a river water quality on-line monitoring device, which belongs to the technical field of water quality monitoring, and comprises a floating unit, a position adjusting unit and a monitoring unit, the floating unit comprises a base, a plurality of partition plates and a plurality of counterweight structures, a counterweight cavity is formed in the base, the partition plates are arranged around the central axis of the base at intervals, an independent area is arranged between every two adjacent partition plates, and each counterweight structure comprises a driven plate arranged in the corresponding independent area and a driving plate arranged opposite to the driven plate; the driven plate and the driving plate are both in sliding connection with the partition plate in the axial direction of the base, and contents are arranged between the driving plate and the driven plate; the position adjusting unit is connected to the balance weight structure and used for driving the driving plate and the driven plate to move in the corresponding independent areas and adjusting the content volume between the driving plate and the driven plate. The monitoring unit is arranged on the base and used for monitoring water quality. The center of gravity of the monitoring device changes along with environmental factors, and the detection accuracy of the monitoring device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of water quality monitoring, specifically relating to an online monitoring device for river water quality. Background Technology

[0002] Water quality monitoring is a fundamental task in environmental protection and water ecological management. By continuously tracking physical, chemical, and biological indicators in water bodies, it is possible to effectively assess water quality, provide early warnings of pollution incidents, and ensure water safety. With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and automation technologies, traditional manual sampling and laboratory analysis methods are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of high-frequency, real-time water quality monitoring. Therefore, online monitoring devices deployed in natural water bodies such as rivers and lakes have emerged. These devices can transmit monitoring data to a monitoring center in real time, providing crucial technical support for achieving precise governance and intelligent management of the water environment.

[0003] Currently, common online river water quality monitoring devices typically employ a sealed float that provides the main buoyancy. A solar panel, communication antenna, and data acquisition module are fixed above the float. Below the float, a probe assembly containing various sensors (such as pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and conductivity) is suspended by a rigid bracket. The position and mass distribution of each component are determined during production and installation. Once deployed in the water, the overall center of gravity and center of buoyancy become fixed, becoming an unchanging parameter.

[0004] However, the water flow speed, wind direction, and wave conditions in natural river channels are complex and changeable. When the device is subjected to external hydrodynamic forces, the fixed center of gravity cannot dynamically adapt to these changes, causing the monitoring device to continuously sway, tilt, or even overturn in the water, resulting in poor stability of the monitoring device and thus reducing the detection accuracy of the monitoring device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an online river water quality monitoring device, which aims to solve the technical problem of low detection accuracy caused by the inability to change the center of gravity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an online river water quality monitoring device, comprising: A floating unit includes a base, multiple partition plates, and multiple counterweight structures. The base has a counterweight cavity. The partition plates are spaced apart around the central axis of the base, and an independent region is defined between two adjacent partition plates. The counterweight structures are correspondingly located in the independent regions. Each counterweight structure includes a passive plate located in the independent region and an active plate located opposite to the passive plate. Both the passive plate and the active plate are slidably connected to the partition plates along the axial direction of the base. A content is provided between the active plate and the passive plate. An adjustment unit, connected to the counterweight structure, is used to drive the active plate and the passive plate to move within their respective independent areas and to adjust the volume of contents between the active plate and the passive plate; and A monitoring unit is located on the base and is used to monitor water quality.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the active plate, the passive plate, and the two adjacent partition plates enclose a first change cavity; The adjustment unit includes a first moving component connected to the active plate, a first feed pipe communicating with the outside and the first changing cavity, a first pressure member disposed on the first feed pipe, and a first elastic member fixed between the active plate and the passive plate. The first moving component is used to drive the active plate to move, the first pressure member is used to inject contents into the first changing cavity or extract contents from the first changing cavity, and the first elastic member has a pre-tightening force that causes the passive plate to move toward the active plate.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the counterweight structure further includes: Multiple counterweight columns are inserted through the passive plate. The counterweight columns extend along the axial direction of the base. The counterweight columns slide and adapt to the passive plate along their own axial direction. The counterweight columns are also fixedly connected to the active plate. A filling cavity is formed inside the counterweight column. Multiple pitch-changing components are correspondingly disposed within the filling cavity. Each pitch-changing component includes two opposing upper and lower plates. Both the upper and lower plates are slidably disposed along the axial direction of the counterweight column on the inner wall of the filling cavity. Contents are also disposed between the upper and lower plates. An adjustment component is connected to the pitch variable component and is used to drive the upper plate and the lower plate to move within the corresponding filling cavity.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the upper plate, the lower plate, and the inner wall of the filling cavity enclose a second variable cavity; The adjustment assembly includes a second moving assembly connected to the lower plate, a second feed pipe connecting the first changing cavity and the second changing cavity, a second pressure member disposed in the second feed pipe, and a second elastic member fixed between the upper plate and the lower plate. The second moving assembly is used to drive the lower plate to move, the second pressure member is used to inject contents into the second changing cavity or extract contents from the second changing cavity, and the second elastic member has a preload force that causes the upper plate to move toward the lower plate.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the second moving component includes: A displacement screw is screwed to the lower plate, and the displacement screw is also rotatably connected to the counterweight column. The axial direction of the displacement screw is parallel to the axial direction of the counterweight column, and the displacement screw rotates about its own axial direction as the rotation axis. A limiting rod, passing through the upper plate and slidably adapted to it, is also fixedly connected to the lower plate; and A driving component is connected to the displacement screw and is used to drive the displacement screw to rotate.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first moving component includes: A displacement airbag is disposed on the side of the active plate opposite to the passive plate; and A pneumatic component, connected to the outside and the displacement airbag, is used to inflate the displacement airbag or extract gas from the displacement airbag.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the first shifting component further includes: A transfer box is disposed on the top surface of the base. The transfer box contains a processing chamber, the inner wall of which has a drain outlet communicating with the outside. The top surface of the transfer box has an air inlet communicating with the outside, and the top of the transfer box has an air outlet communicating with the pneumatic component. A drain valve is provided at the drain outlet and is used to drain the water in the treatment chamber.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a switching unit is provided at the drain outlet. The switching unit includes an extension tube slidably disposed on the inner wall of the drain outlet and a sliding member connected to the extension tube. A plurality of protrusions are fixedly connected to the side of the extension tube away from the drain outlet. A first through groove is opened on the inner side of the protrusions. A second through groove is opened on the inner wall of the extension tube, connecting the first through groove and the drain outlet. The processing chamber is also equipped with a separation unit; The separation unit includes: A separation bucket is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the processing chamber. The axis of the separation bucket is parallel to the axis of the base. The separation bucket rotates around its own axis. The bottom of the separation bucket has multiple water outlets that are inserted and adapted to the protrusions one by one. The multiple water outlets form a circle. The inner wall of the water outlet has a collection groove. Multiple water-blocking blocks are slidably disposed in the receiving groove, one-to-one. A deformation member is fixedly connected between the water-blocking block and the inner wall of the receiving groove. The deformation member has a pre-tightening force that causes the water-blocking block to extend out of the receiving groove. The outer side of each water-blocking block has a force-bearing surface for the protrusion to press against it. A rotating component is connected to the separating barrel and is used to drive the separating barrel to rotate.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the floating unit further includes: A floating platform has a mounting cavity for placing the base, and the base is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity about its own axial direction; and The reversing component is connected to the floating platform and is used to drive the base to rotate.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the bottom wall of the floating platform has a storage cavity, and the storage cavity is provided with an anchoring unit; The anchoring unit includes: An anchor plate is disposed within the receiving cavity; A connecting rope is fixed between the anchor plate and the inner wall of the receiving cavity; A winding assembly is disposed within the storage cavity and is used to wind up or unwind the connecting rope; Multiple spikes are fixed to the side of the anchor plate opposite to the floating platform; The mounting bracket is rotatably connected to the anchor plate, and the rotation axis of the mounting bracket is parallel to the surface of the anchor plate. A rotating component, drively connected to the mounting bracket, and used to drive the mounting bracket to rotate; and A thruster, located on the mounting bracket, is used to drive the anchor plate downward.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the online river water quality monitoring device provided by this invention can actively and in real time adjust the position of the counterweight structure in multiple independent areas when subjected to external forces such as changing water flow and wave disturbances in the river, thereby changing the center of gravity distribution of the entire device. This dynamic center of gravity compensation mechanism can effectively counteract the overturning moment generated by external disturbances, enabling the device to maintain a stable floating posture. This not only greatly improves the physical stability of the monitoring device in complex hydrological environments, avoiding data acquisition interruptions or equipment damage caused by violent shaking or overturning, but more importantly, it provides a stable working platform for the top monitoring unit, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the collected water quality parameters (such as pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, etc.), and providing a high-quality data foundation for environmental monitoring. Simultaneously, during the detection process, the adjustment unit 20 can actively adjust the posture of the device to ensure that the sensor is in full contact with the water source being monitored, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the data. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the online river water quality monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating an independent region in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the counterweight structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the internal structure of the transfer box in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of part B in the middle section; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view illustrating the anchoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part C in the diagram.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Floating unit; 101. Base; 1011. Independent area; 1012. First change chamber; 102. Divider plate; 103. Passive plate; 104. Active plate; 105. Counterweight column; 1051. Filling chamber; 1052. Second change chamber; 106. Upper plate; 107. Lower plate; 108. Second elastic element; 109. Shifting screw; 110. Limiting rod; 111. Driving element; 112. Floating platform; 1121. Mounting chamber; 1122. Storage chamber; 113. Reversing element; 20. Adjustment unit; 201. First elastic element; 202. Displacement airbag; 203. Transfer box; 2031. Processing chamber; 2032. Drain outlet; 2033. Air inlet; 2034. Air outlet; 204. Drain valve; 30. Switching unit; 301. Extension tube; 3011. Protrusion; 30111. First through slot; 3012. Second through slot; 302. Sliding part; 40. Separation unit; 401. Separation tank; 4011. Water outlet; 4012. Collection tank; 402. Water baffle; 4021. Deformable component; 4022. Force-bearing surface; 403. Rotating component; 50. Anchoring unit; 501. Anchoring plate; 502. Connecting rope; 503. Spike; 504. Mounting bracket; 505. Rotating component; 506. Thruster. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 8 This invention describes an online river water quality monitoring device. The device includes a floating unit 10, an adjustment unit 20, and a monitoring unit. The floating unit 10 includes a base 101, multiple partition plates 102, and multiple counterweight structures. A counterweight cavity is formed within the base 101. The multiple partition plates 102 are spaced apart around the central axis of the base 101, with an independent region 1011 between adjacent partition plates 102. Each counterweight structure is correspondingly located in one of the independent regions 1011. Each counterweight structure includes a passive plate 103 located in one of the independent regions 1011 and a main plate 103 located opposite the passive plate 103. The moving plate 104, the passive plate 103, and the active plate 104 are all slidably connected to the partition plate 102 along the axial direction of the base 101. A content is provided between the active plate 104 and the passive plate 103, which can be water. The adjustment unit 20 is connected to the counterweight structure and is used to drive the active plate 104 and the passive plate 103 to move within their respective independent areas 1011 and to adjust the volume of the content between the active plate 104 and the passive plate 103. The monitoring unit is located on the base 101 and is used to monitor the water quality. The monitoring unit is prior art and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0021] Specifically, the base 101 is equipped with a tilt sensor, which is electrically connected to the adjustment unit 20.

[0022] The online river water quality monitoring device provided in this embodiment tilts when external environmental factors such as water flow velocity, direction, or wave intensity change and cause unbalanced disturbances. At this time, the adjustment unit 20 is activated, and based on feedback signals from the tilt sensor, it drives the counterweight structure within each independent region 1011. The adjustment unit 20 controls the sliding of the active plate 104 and passive plate 103 within each independent region 1011. When the distance between the active plate 104 and passive plate 103 increases, the volume that can accommodate the contents increases, and the amount of contents injected by the adjustment unit 20 also increases accordingly. Conversely, when the distance between the active plate 104 and passive plate 103 decreases, the volume that can accommodate the contents decreases, and the amount of contents injected by the adjustment unit 20 also decreases accordingly. The relative position of the active plate 104 and passive plate 103, as well as their overall displacement, alters the mass distribution of the region, thereby changing the device's center of gravity.

[0023] Compared to existing technologies, modularizing the counterweight structure and making it dynamically movable transforms the device from a traditional static balancing system into a dynamic balancing system with adaptive capabilities. When subjected to external forces such as changing water flow and wave disturbances in the river channel, the device can actively and in real time adjust the position of the counterweight structure in multiple independent areas 1011 through the adjustment unit 20, thereby changing the center of gravity distribution of the entire device. This dynamic center of gravity compensation mechanism can effectively counteract the overturning moment generated by external disturbances, enabling the device to maintain a stable floating attitude. This not only greatly improves the physical stability of the monitoring device in complex hydrological environments, avoiding data acquisition interruptions or equipment damage caused by violent shaking or overturning, but more importantly, it provides a stable working platform for the top monitoring unit, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the collected water quality parameters (such as pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, etc.), providing a high-quality data foundation for environmental monitoring. Simultaneously, during the detection process, the adjustment unit 20 can actively adjust the attitude of the device to ensure full contact between the sensor and the detected water source, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of the data.

[0024] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The active plate 104, the passive plate 103, and the two adjacent partition plates 102 enclose and form the first change cavity 1012.

[0025] The adjustment unit 20 includes a first moving component connected to the active plate 104, a first feed pipe communicating with the outside and the first changing cavity 1012, a first pressure member disposed on the first feed pipe, and a first elastic member 201 fixed between the active plate 104 and the passive plate 103. The first moving component is used to drive the active plate 104 to move, and the first pressure member is used to inject contents into the first changing cavity 1012 or extract contents from the first changing cavity 1012. The first pressure member can be a water pump. The first elastic member 201 has a preload force that causes the passive plate 103 to move toward the active plate 104. The first elastic member 201 is a spring or a spring rod.

[0026] It should be noted that the first feed pipe includes a first water inlet end and multiple first water outlet ends corresponding to the first changing chambers, and the multiple first water outlet ends are all connected to the first water inlet end.

[0027] The first moving component drives the active board 104 to move within the independent region 1011. At this time, the volume of the first changing cavity 1012 does not change, thereby moving the position of the first changing cavity 1012 as a whole.

[0028] The first pressure component is activated, drawing water from the environment into the first change chamber 1012 through the first feed pipe. After entering the first change chamber 1012, the water will squeeze the passive plate 103, causing the passive plate 103 to move away from the active plate 104, thereby expanding the volume of the first change chamber 1012 and increasing the weight of the first receiving chamber. During the process of increasing the volume of the first change chamber 1012, the first elastic component 201 is in a stretched state.

[0029] The device directly drives the active plate 104 through the first moving component, and in conjunction with the first pressure component, injects or extracts the contents of the first changing chamber 1012. The device not only changes the position of the counterweight, but also changes its mass in real time. This is a dual coordinated adjustment of the center of mass and mass, which greatly enhances the stability of the device.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The counterweight structure also includes multiple counterweight columns 105, multiple pitch-changing components, and a pitch-adjusting component. Multiple counterweight columns 105 are all inserted through the passive plate 103, extending axially along the base 101. Each counterweight column 105 slides along its own axial direction to adapt to the passive plate 103. The counterweight column 105 is also fixedly connected to the active plate 104. A filling cavity 1051 is formed within each counterweight column 105. Multiple pitch-changing components are correspondingly arranged within the filling cavities 1051. Each pitch-changing component includes two opposing upper plates 106 and lower plates 107. Both upper plates 106 and lower plates 107 slide along the axial direction of the counterweight columns 105 on the inner wall of the filling cavity 1051. Contents are also provided between the upper plates 106 and lower plates 107. The pitch-adjusting component is connected to the pitch-changing component and is used to drive the upper plates 106 and lower plates 107 to move within their respective filling cavities 1051.

[0031] Specifically, the upper plate 106, the lower plate 107, and the inner wall of the filling cavity 1051 enclose each other to form the second change cavity 1052.

[0032] It should be noted that the second feed pipe includes a second water inlet and a second water outlet. The second water inlet is connected to the first changing cavity, and the second water outlet is fixedly connected to the lower plate. The second water outlet is reserved with a length for the lower plate to move.

[0033] The adjustable distance assembly includes a second moving assembly connected to the lower plate 107, a second feed pipe connecting the first changing cavity 1012 and the second changing cavity 1052, a second pressure member disposed in the second feed pipe, and a second elastic member 108 fixed between the upper plate 106 and the lower plate 107. The second moving assembly is used to drive the lower plate 107 to move, and the second pressure member is used to inject contents into the second changing cavity 1052 or extract contents from the second changing cavity 1052. The second pressure member is a water pump, and the second elastic member 108 has a preload force that causes the upper plate 106 to move towards the lower plate 107. The second elastic member 108 is a spring or a spring rod.

[0034] The first moving component drives the lower plate 107 to move within the filling cavity 1051. At this time, the volume of the second changing cavity 1052 does not change, thereby moving the position of the second changing cavity 1052 as a whole.

[0035] The second pressure component is activated, drawing water from the first change chamber 1012 into the second change chamber 1052 through the second feed pipe. After entering the second change chamber 1052, the water will squeeze the upper plate 106, causing the upper plate 106 to move away from the lower plate 107, thereby expanding the volume of the second change chamber 1052 and increasing the weight of the second receiving chamber. During the process of increasing the volume of the second change chamber 1052, the second elastic component 108 is in a stretched state.

[0036] The leap from "coarse adjustment" to "fine adjustment" in the device's center of gravity adjustment greatly improves the accuracy and adaptability of stable control. By setting multiple independently adjustable counterweight columns 105 inside the first variable cavity 1012, and integrating a pitch-changing component in each counterweight column 105, this device achieves the ability to distribute mass more precisely in three-dimensional space.

[0037] When the device encounters slight but frequent disturbances, or when fine attitude calibration is required (such as adjusting the optimal measurement angle of the sensor probe), it may not be necessary to move the entire large main counterweight. Instead, by simply changing the position of the upper plate 106 and lower plate 107 inside the counterweight column 105 through the adjustment component, its mass distribution and center of gravity height can be locally altered, achieving subtle modulation of the device's restoring torque. When the device tilts excessively, the first moving component directly drives the active plate 104, which, combined with the first pressure component, injects or extracts the contents of the first changing chamber 1012. The device not only changes the position of the counterweight but also changes its mass in real time, thereby enabling the device to quickly return to a stable state. This dual counterweight mechanism enables both precise adjustment and rapid response, allowing the monitoring device to cope with a wider range of hydrological conditions, from severe waves to calm currents, effectively suppressing swaying of various amplitudes and frequencies, raising stability to a new level, and providing a near-ideal working platform for high-precision sensors.

[0038] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The second moving component includes a shifting screw 109, a limiting rod 110, and a driving component 111. The shifting screw 109 is screwed to the lower plate 107 and is also rotatably connected to the counterweight column 105. The axial direction of the shifting screw 109 is parallel to the axial direction of the counterweight column 105, and the shifting screw 109 rotates about its own axial direction. The limiting rod 110 passes through the upper plate 106 and the two are slidably adapted to each other. The limiting rod 110 is also fixed to the lower plate 107. The driving component 111 is drivenly connected to the shifting screw 109 and is used to drive the shifting screw 109 to rotate. The driving component 111 is a servo motor.

[0039] The drive unit 111 starts to drive the displacement screw 109 to rotate. Since the displacement screw 109 and the lower plate 107 are threaded together, and the rotation of the lower plate 107 is constrained by it and the limiting rod 110, the rotational motion of the displacement screw 109 is directly converted into the linear movement of the lower plate 107 along the axial direction of the counterweight column 105, which directly changes the volume of the second changing cavity 1052 and works with the second pressure component to complete the injection or discharge of the contents.

[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The first moving component includes a displacement airbag 202 and a pneumatic component; the displacement airbag 202 is located on the side of the active plate 104 away from the passive plate 103; the pneumatic component is connected to the outside and the displacement airbag 202, and is used to inflate the displacement airbag 202 or extract the gas from the displacement airbag 202, and the pneumatic component is an air pump.

[0041] When the pneumatic component is activated, it pumps outside air into the displacement airbag 202. As the air is injected, the displacement airbag 202 gradually expands in the sealed space. The pressure generated by its increased volume acts directly on the entire back of the active plate 104, thereby pushing the active plate 104 outward. Conversely, when it is necessary to pull the active plate 104 back, the pneumatic component switches to the suction mode, extracting the air from the displacement airbag 202. The internal pressure of the displacement airbag 202 decreases, the displacement airbag 202 contracts and deflates, and the active plate 104 resets under the action of gravity.

[0042] The expansion and contraction of the airbag evenly distributes gas pressure across the entire surface of the active plate 104, providing a smooth and powerful driving force. This effectively avoids jamming or impact phenomena that may occur with rigid mechanisms, which is crucial for maintaining operational reliability in continuously fluctuating fluid environments. The inherent buffering characteristics of the pneumatic system allow the device to respond with an "elastic" energy response to sudden wave impacts, absorbing some of the energy and reducing mechanical stress and wear throughout the system. Furthermore, unlike traditional discrete positioning methods such as stepper motor drives or rack and pinion systems, the pneumatic system, by precisely controlling the amount of gas injected into or extracted from the shifting airbag 202, can achieve continuous and precise control of the active plate 104's position at any point. This stepless adjustment means that the movement of the active plate 104 is no longer jump-like or segmented, but can be stably positioned at any desired location throughout its entire stroke range.

[0043] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The first shifting assembly also includes a transfer box 203 and a drain valve 204. The transfer box 203 is located on the top surface of the base 101. A processing chamber 2031 is provided inside the transfer box 203. A drain outlet 2032 communicating with the outside is provided on the inner wall of the processing chamber 2031. An air inlet 2033 communicating with the outside is provided on the top surface of the transfer box 203. An air outlet 2034 communicating with the pneumatic component is provided on the top of the transfer box 203. The drain valve 204 is located at the drain outlet 2032 and is used to drain the water in the processing chamber 2031.

[0044] When the pneumatic components need to replenish the displacement airbag 202, outside air is drawn into the processing chamber 2031 through the air inlet 2033 at the top of the transfer box 203. Since air is less dense and the air inlet 2033 is located at the top, the air will naturally flow upward towards the air outlet 2034, while impurities such as water droplets, mist droplets or dust carried in the air will settle and separate due to gravity, reduced flow velocity and collision with the chamber wall, and collect at the bottom of the processing chamber 2031.

[0045] During this process, relatively dry and clean gas is drawn from the outlet 2034 by the pneumatic component and transported to the displacement airbag 202. At the same time, the liquid water collected at the bottom of the processing chamber 2031 is discharged through the drain outlet 2032 located on the chamber wall by the drain valve 204. The drain valve 204 can be automatically activated according to a preset program (such as timed opening) or according to the liquid level sensor signal to discharge the separated water back to the external environment, thereby always maintaining the dry state inside the processing chamber 2031 and providing a stable and reliable air source guarantee for the entire pneumatic regulation system.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 A switching unit 30 is provided at the drain outlet 2032. The switching unit 30 includes an extension tube 301 that slides on the inner wall of the drain outlet 2032 and a sliding member 302 that is connected to the extension tube 301. Multiple protrusions 3011 are fixedly connected to the side of the extension tube 301 away from the drain outlet 2032. A first through groove 30111 is opened on the inner side of the protrusions 3011. A second through groove 3012 is opened on the inner wall of the extension tube 301, which connects the first through groove 30111 and the drain outlet 2032. The sliding member 302 is used to drive the extension tube 301 to move. The sliding member 302 is a linear module or a linear guide rail.

[0047] The processing chamber 2031 is also equipped with a separation unit 40; the separation unit 40 includes a separation bucket 401, multiple water-blocking blocks 402, and a rotating component 403; the separation bucket 401 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the processing chamber 2031, the axis of the separation bucket 401 is parallel to the axis of the base 101, and the separation bucket 401 rotates about its own axis as the rotation axis. The bottom of the separation bucket 401 has multiple water outlets 4011 that are correspondingly inserted and adapted to the protrusions 3011. The multiple water outlets 4011 form a circle, and the inner wall of the water outlets 4011 has a receiving part. The groove 4012; multiple water-blocking blocks 402 are slidably disposed in the receiving groove 4012 in a corresponding manner. A deformable element 4021 is fixedly connected between the water-blocking block 402 and the inner wall of the receiving groove 4012. The deformable element 4021 has a pre-tightening force that causes the water-blocking block 402 to extend out of the receiving groove 4012. The outer side of the water-blocking block 402 is provided with a force-bearing surface 4022 for the protrusion 3011 to press. The deformable element 4021 is a spring or a spring rod. The rotating element 403 is connected to the separation bucket 401 and is used to drive the separation bucket 401 to rotate. The rotating element 403 is a servo motor.

[0048] When the liquid level accumulated in the processing chamber 2031 reaches the required level for drainage, the sliding member 302 first activates, pushing the extension tube 301 towards the separation tank 401 until the protrusion 3011 at the end of the extension tube 301 is inserted into the corresponding outlet 4011 at the bottom of the separation tank 401. During the insertion process, the inclined force surface 4022 of the protrusion 3011 will squeeze the corresponding inclined surface of the baffle block 402, overcoming the pre-tightening force of the deformation member 4021, and pressing the baffle block 402, which originally extended and closed the outlet 4011, back into the receiving groove 4012, thereby opening the channel from the inside of the separation tank 401 to the drain outlet 2032. After drainage is completed, the sliding member 302 pulls the extension tube 301 back to its original position, the protrusion 3011 separates from the baffle block 402, and the baffle block 402 re-extends under the elastic force of the deformation member 4021, sealing the outlet 4011 again, waiting for the next working cycle.

[0049] The ingenious design of the extension pipe 301 and protrusion 3011 in the switching unit 30 ensures that the drain outlet 2032 only establishes a sealed connection with the separation tank 401 when drainage is required, effectively preventing short circuits of humid gas or backflow of external pollutants that may occur during non-drainage periods. The centrifugal rotation of the separation tank 401 gives the system the ability to actively separate, efficiently throwing tiny water droplets and particles from the intake air against the tank wall, achieving a separation effect far exceeding that of static settling.

[0050] The normally closed outlet 4011, formed by the water-blocking block 402 and the deformation element 4021, can reliably seal when there is no external force intervention. It only opens when the switching unit 30 is accurately connected and pressure is applied. This "on-demand drainage" mechanism avoids waste of air source and system pressure fluctuations. The entire system achieves an automated closed loop of separation, collection and drainage through mechanical linkage, which significantly reduces the risk of system failure due to water in the air source and provides air source guarantee for the stepless leveling function.

[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 The floating unit 10 also includes a floating platform 112 and a reversing component 113. The floating platform 112 has a mounting cavity 1121 for placing the base 101. The base 101 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 1121 with its own axis as the rotation axis. The reversing component 113 is connected to the floating platform 112 and is used to drive the base 101 to rotate. The reversing component 113 is a servo motor.

[0052] The floating platform 112 provides stable basic buoyancy as the main float and places the base 101 that carries the core counterweight mechanism in a rotatable mounting cavity 1121, so that the core counterweight mechanism can rotate as a whole, thereby increasing the diversity of counterweight layout.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 and Figure 8The bottom wall of the floating platform 112 has a storage cavity 1122, and an anchoring unit 50 is provided inside the storage cavity 1122. The anchoring unit 50 includes an anchoring plate 501, a connecting rope 502, a winding assembly, multiple spikes 503, a mounting bracket 504, a rotating component 505, and a thruster 506. The anchoring plate 501 is located inside the storage cavity 1122. The connecting rope 502 is fixed between the anchoring plate 501 and the inner wall of the storage cavity 1122. The winding assembly is located inside the storage cavity 1122 and is used to wind up or unwind the connecting rope 502. The opening and winding assembly are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here; multiple spikes 503 are fixed to the side of the anchor plate 501 away from the floating platform 112; the mounting bracket 504 is rotatably connected to the anchor plate 501, and the rotation axis of the mounting bracket 504 is parallel to the surface of the anchor plate 501; the rotating component 505 is drively connected to the mounting bracket 504 and is used to drive the mounting bracket 504 to rotate, and the rotating component 505 is a servo motor; the thruster 506 is provided on the mounting bracket 504 and is used to drive the anchor plate 501 to move downward.

[0054] The winding assembly releases the connecting rope 502, and the anchor plate 501 begins to sink towards the riverbed under gravity. Simultaneously, the rotating component 505 adjusts the angle of the mounting bracket 504 based on water flow sensor data, thereby changing the thrust direction of the thruster 506 to counteract the influence of lateral water flow on the sinking path and ensure that the anchor plate 501 sinks as vertically as possible. Subsequently, the thruster 506 on the mounting bracket 504 activates, generating a powerful downward thrust to accelerate the sinking process of the anchor plate 501 and give it greater impact kinetic energy.

[0055] When the anchor plate 501 contacts the riverbed, under the combined action of its own weight and the continuous thrust of the thruster 506, the multiple spikes 503 at its bottom quickly pierce and embed themselves into the riverbed sediment, forming a firm grip. After anchoring, the thruster 506 is deactivated, and the device is tightly connected to the riverbed via a taut connecting rope 502. The water flow impact and wave load on the floating unit 10 are effectively transferred to the anchoring point through the connecting rope 502, preventing the monitoring device from being blown away from the target area by wind and waves, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the entire monitoring device's position and guaranteeing the reliability of the monitoring results.

[0056] After the task is completed, the winding assembly starts to retrieve the connecting rope 502. The direction of the mounting bracket 504 is adjusted by the rotating component 505, so that the thruster 506 separates the anchor plate 501 from the riverbed and finally retracts it into the storage cavity 1122.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river water quality on-line monitoring device, characterized in that, The application relates to a water quality monitoring device. The device comprises a floating unit, a position adjusting unit and a monitoring unit. The floating unit comprises a base, a plurality of partition plates and a plurality of counterweight structures. The base is internally provided with counterweight cavities. The plurality of partition plates are arranged at intervals around the central axis of the base.

2. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein, Two adjacent partition plates are arranged as independent areas. The counterweight structures are arranged in the independent areas one by one.

3. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein, Each counterweight structure comprises a driven plate arranged in the independent area and a driving plate arranged opposite to the driven plate. The driven plate and the driving plate are both slidably connected to the partition plates along the axial direction of the base. The driving plate and the driven plate are provided with contents. The position adjusting unit is connected to the counterweight structures and is used for driving the driving plate and the driven plate to move in the corresponding independent areas and adjusting the volume of the contents between the driving plate and the driven plate.

4. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The monitoring unit is arranged on the base and is used for monitoring water quality. The driving plate, the driven plate and two adjacent partition plates form a first change cavity.

5. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein The position adjusting unit comprises a first moving assembly connected to the driving plate, a first feeding pipe connected to the outside and the first change cavity, a first pressure element arranged on the first feeding pipe and a first elastic element fixed between the driving plate and the driven plate. The first moving assembly is used for driving the driving plate to move. The first pressure element is used for injecting contents into the first change cavity or extracting the contents in the first change cavity. The first elastic element has a pre-tightening force for moving the driven plate towards the driving plate. The counterweight structure further comprises a plurality of counterweight columns. Each counterweight column is arranged in the driven plate. The counterweight column extends along the axial direction of the base. The counterweight column is slidably fitted to the driven plate along the axial direction of the counterweight column. The counterweight column is fixed to the driving plate. The counterweight column is internally provided with a filling cavity. A plurality of distance changing assemblies are arranged in the filling cavity one by one. Each distance changing assembly comprises two oppositely arranged upper plates and lower plates. The upper plates and the lower plates are both slidably arranged on the inner wall of the filling cavity along the axial direction of the counterweight column. Contents are arranged between the upper plates and the lower plates. A distance adjusting assembly is connected to the distance changing assembly and is used for driving the upper plates and the lower plates to move in the corresponding filling cavities. The upper plates, the lower plates and the inner wall of the filling cavity form a second change cavity. The distance adjusting assembly comprises a second moving assembly connected to the lower plates, a second feeding pipe connected to the first change cavity and the second change cavity, a second pressure element arranged on the second feeding pipe and a second elastic element fixed between the upper plates and the lower plates. The second moving assembly is used for driving the lower plates to move. The second pressure element is used for injecting contents into the second change cavity or extracting the contents in the second change cavity. The second elastic element has a pre-tightening force for moving the upper plates towards the lower plates. The second moving assembly comprises A displacement screw is screwed to the lower plate, and rotationally connected to the counterweight column. The axial direction of the displacement screw is parallel to the axial direction of the counterweight column. The displacement screw rotates around its own axial direction as the rotation axis. A limiting rod is slidably arranged in the upper plate and fixed to the lower plate. A driving member is transmissionally connected to the displacement screw and used to drive the displacement screw to rotate.

6. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein The first moving assembly comprises: A displacement air bag is arranged on the side of the driving plate away from the driven plate. A pneumatic member is connected to the displacement air bag and used to inflate or deflate the displacement air bag.

7. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein, The first displacement assembly further comprises: A transfer box is arranged on the top surface of the base. A treatment cavity is formed in the transfer box. A drain port is formed in the inner wall of the treatment cavity and connected to the outside. An air inlet is formed in the top surface of the transfer box and connected to the outside. An air outlet is formed in the top of the transfer box and connected to the pneumatic member. A drain valve is arranged in the drain port and used to drain water in the treatment cavity.

8. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A switching unit is arranged at the drain port. The switching unit comprises an extension tube slidably arranged in the inner wall of the drain port and a sliding member transmissionally connected to the extension tube. A plurality of protrusions are fixed to the side of the extension tube away from the drain port. A first through groove is formed in the inner side of the protrusions. A second through groove is formed in the inner wall of the extension tube and connected to the first through groove and the drain port. A separation unit is further arranged in the treatment cavity. The separation unit comprises: A separation barrel is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the treatment cavity. The axial direction of the separation barrel is parallel to the axial direction of the base. The separation barrel rotates around its own axial direction as the rotation axis. A plurality of water outlets are formed in the bottom of the separation barrel and correspondingly inserted into the protrusions. The water outlets are circularly arranged. A receiving groove is formed in the inner wall of the water outlet. A plurality of water blocking blocks are correspondingly slidably arranged in the receiving groove. A deformation member is fixed between the water blocking block and the inner wall of the receiving groove. The deformation member has a pre-tightening force to make the water blocking block extend out of the receiving groove. A stress surface is formed in the outer side of the water blocking block and used to be pressed by the protrusion. A rotating member is transmissionally connected to the separation barrel and used to drive the separation barrel to rotate.

9. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein, The floating unit further comprises: A floating platform is arranged in the installation cavity and rotationally connected to the inner wall of the installation cavity around its own axial direction as the rotation axis. A reversing member is transmissionally connected to the floating platform and used to drive the base to rotate.

10. The riverway water quality on-line monitoring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the floating platform is provided with a receiving cavity. An anchoring unit is arranged in the receiving cavity. The anchoring unit comprises: An anchoring plate is arranged in the receiving cavity. A connecting rope is fixed between the anchoring plate and the inner wall of the receiving cavity. A winding assembly is arranged in the receiving cavity and used to wind or unwind the connecting rope. A plurality of spikes are fixed to the side of the anchoring plate away from the floating platform. An installation support is rotationally connected to the anchoring plate. The rotation axis of the installation support is parallel to the plate surface of the anchoring plate. A rotating member is in transmission connection with the mounting bracket and used to drive the mounting bracket to rotate; and A pusher is arranged on the mounting bracket and used to drive the anchoring plate to move downward.

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