Electric reactor turn-to-turn short circuit early warning method and device fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an electric reactor turn-to-turn short circuit early warning method and device fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection. The method comprises the steps that broadband signals of all measuring points of an electric reactor distributed array are collected through a broadband vibration sensor; performing filtering segmentation on the broadband signal to obtain a low-pass filtering component and a high-pass filtering component; wherein the low-pass filtering component is 0 to 10 kHz, and the high-pass filtering component is 10 kHz to 1 MHz; calculating a preset discharge characteristic parameter based on the high-pass filtering component, performing characteristic analysis on the low-frequency vibration signal of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtering component, and determining an analysis result; and determining an early turn-to-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters, determining a metallic short-circuit state based on an analysis result, and performing early warning based on the early turn-to-turn discharge state or the metallic short-circuit state. According to the scheme, early warning can be realized in the early stage of interturn metallic short circuit, so that the faulty reactor is cut off as soon as possible, and safe and stable operation of a power system is prevented from being influenced by accident expansion.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present specification relate to the technical field of power detection, and particularly relate to an early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dry-type air-core reactors are increasingly widely used in power systems, especially in high-voltage direct-current transmission converter station systems, due to their stable inductance value, small loss, and ease of maintenance. The safe and stable operation of dry-type air-core reactors plays an important role in ensuring the power quality of the power grid. Dry-type air-core reactors are usually used as bridge arm reactors in offshore wind power systems.

[0003] Dry-type air-core reactors are subjected to multiple stresses such as electrothermal machines during operation, and are prone to inter-turn short circuit faults under multiple stresses. Current accident analysis statistics and reports of dry-type air-core reactors show that dry-type air-core reactor accidents are mainly caused by inter-turn short circuit fires caused by inter-turn insulation deterioration, accounting for more than 90% of the total number of accidents. Combustion accidents can cause adverse social impact and significant indirect economic losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop early-stage monitoring of dry-type air-core reactor inter-turn short circuit faults.

[0004] According to the selected characteristic parameters and criteria, the existing detection methods of the turn-to-turn short-circuit fault of the dry-type air-core reactor include pulse oscillation method, temperature monitoring method, impedance monitoring method and spatial magnetic field monitoring method. The high-frequency pulse oscillation method is based on the change of inductance before and after the short-circuit fault of the reactor to determine the occurrence of the turn-to-turn short-circuit fault, and the accuracy is high, so it is widely used. However, the method is offline detection, which will cause the equipment to be out of operation, and the high-frequency oscillation voltage applied in the detection process is easy to cause damage to the reactor, which has certain limitations. The turn-to-turn short-circuit fault will change the equivalent electrical parameters of the dry-type air-core reactor, and usually the change rate of the equivalent resistance is much greater than the change rate of the equivalent inductance, so many scholars have proposed fault monitoring methods based on impedance change during turn-to-turn short-circuit. However, the grid frequency fluctuation will cause large errors in the measurement of reactor impedance and power angle, and the complex electromagnetic environment of the transformer substation will have high requirements for the anti-interference ability of the voltage and current sensors. The turn-to-turn short-circuit fault monitoring based on spatial magnetic field realizes online monitoring by using the change of spatial magnetic field distribution caused by short-circuit current, but this method is difficult to realize fault positioning, and because there are many influencing factors of spatial magnetic field, and the anti-interference ability of data transmission in measurement is high, it is also difficult to promote and use. The occurrence of turn-to-turn short-circuit will significantly increase the short-circuit turn current, which will cause the vibration of the short-circuit turn to be enhanced and the temperature of the short-circuit part to be rapidly increased, so the turn-to-turn short-circuit fault can be monitored by measuring the vibration and temperature distribution. The commonly used infrared temperature imaging instrument can only measure the temperature of the outer package of the reactor, and the embedded optical fiber sensor changes the manufacturing process of the reactor, and the most simple and effective measurement of temperature information has not been realized. The measurement method based on vibration signal distribution can sensitively reflect the metallic short-circuit state of the reactor, but it is usually limited to the vibration signal of the outer package and the short-circuit state monitoring.

[0005] The above detection methods are based on the change of characteristic parameters after the occurrence of metallic stable connection between turns, and the short-circuit fault is relatively serious, which is easy to expand into a fire burning accident in a short time. Considering that there is a process of continuous deterioration of insulation before the metallic short-circuit between turns, if the defect signs can be found in this stage, early diagnosis before short-circuit can be realized.

[0006] Therefore, a better solution is needed. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the early warning method for turn-to-turn short-circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection is provided. One or more embodiments of the present specification also relate to an early warning device for turn-to-turn short-circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection, a computing device, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program to solve the technical defects in the prior art.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, an early warning method for turn-to-turn short-circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection is provided, comprising: Collecting wideband signals of each measuring point of the distributed array of the electric reactor through the wideband vibration sensor; Filtering and segmenting the wideband signals to obtain low-pass filtered components and high-pass filtered components; wherein the low-pass filtered components are 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filtered components are 10 kHz-1 MHz; Calculating preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filtered components, and performing feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components to determine analysis results; Determining an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters, and determining a metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis results, and performing early warning based on the early inter-turn discharge state or the metallic short-circuit state.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the measuring points include axial measuring points and ring measuring points; The axial measuring points are located in the vertical direction of the side wall of the electric reactor; The ring measuring points are located in the horizontal direction of the side wall of the electric reactor.

[0010] In a possible implementation, filtering and segmenting the wideband signals to obtain low-pass filtered components and high-pass filtered components includes: Extracting effective information from the wideband signals collected by each measuring point through wavelet threshold denoising; Performing digital filtering on the effective information with 10 kHz as a separation to obtain the low-pass filtered components and the high-pass filtered components.

[0011] In a possible implementation, calculating preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filtered components includes: Performing frequency spectrum analysis on the high-pass filtered components to determine high-frequency component variation rules; Extracting discharge characteristic parameters according to the high-frequency component variation rules; wherein the discharge characteristic parameters include voltage phase angle, phase width, discharge pulse cluster number, and pulse energy integral.

[0012] In a possible implementation, determining an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters includes: Inputting the discharge characteristic parameters into a trained ANN neural network to determine the early inter-turn discharge state; wherein the early inter-turn discharge state includes inter-turn contact discharge, inter-turn insulation strength too low discharge, inter-turn arc discharge, and corona discharge.

[0013] In a possible implementation, performing feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components to determine analysis results includes: Comparing the low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components with a reference distribution under the same working condition collected in real time, and if the axial vibration distribution increases, it is determined that a short-circuit fault occurs.

[0014] In a possible implementation, determining the metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis result comprises: In the axial column of measuring points, a preset number of measuring points are compared with the historical normal operation state, and the metallic short-circuit state is determined when the distribution characteristic formula is satisfied.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, an early warning device for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor is provided, which fuses ultrasonic detection and vibration detection, and comprises: A signal acquisition module is configured to acquire wideband signals of each measuring point of a distributed array of the reactor through a wideband vibration sensor; A signal decomposition module is configured to filter and segment the wideband signals to obtain a low-pass filter component and a high-pass filter component; wherein the low-pass filter component is 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filter component is 10 kHz-1 MHz; A data analysis module is configured to calculate preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filter component, and to perform feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filter component to determine an analysis result; A result warning module is configured to determine an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters, and to determine a metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis result, and to perform early warning based on the early inter-turn discharge state or the metallic short-circuit state.

[0016] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a computing device is provided, which comprises: a memory and a processor; The memory is configured to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the above-mentioned early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic detection and vibration detection.

[0017] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer executable instructions, and the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-mentioned early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic detection and vibration detection.

[0018] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a computer program is provided, and when the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer program causes the computer to execute the steps of the above-mentioned early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor fusing ultrasonic detection and vibration detection.

[0019] The embodiment of the present specification provides an early warning method and device for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection, wherein the method comprises: collecting wideband signals of each measuring point of a distributed array of the reactor through a wideband vibration sensor; filtering and segmenting the wideband signals to obtain a low-pass filtering component and a high-pass filtering component; wherein the low-pass filtering component is 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filtering component is 10 kHz-1 MHz; calculating a pre-set discharge characteristic parameter based on the high-pass filtering component, and performing characteristic analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtering component to determine an analysis result; determining an early turn-to-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameter, and determining a metallic short circuit state based on the analysis result, and performing early warning based on the early turn-to-turn discharge state or the metallic short circuit state. The scheme can ensure early warning in the early stage of the turn-to-turn metallic short circuit, so that the faulty reactor can be removed as soon as possible, and the expansion of the accident can be avoided to affect the safe and stable operation of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a flow chart of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 2 is a principle diagram of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 3 is a first measuring point schematic diagram of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 4 is a second measuring point schematic diagram of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of turn-to-turn state diagnosis using an ANN neural network of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of an early warning device for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection provided by an embodiment of the present specification; Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present specification. However, the present specification can be practiced in many different ways beyond the specific embodiments described herein, and it is understood that one of ordinary skill in the art can make and use the present specification without departing from the scope of the present specification.

[0022] The terminology used in this disclosure of one or more embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of one or more embodiments of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0023] It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. can be used herein to describe various information, these terms are not intended to denote a temporal sequence, but to distinguish between different types of information. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments, first can be termed second, and similarly, second can be termed first. Depending on the context, the word "if' as used herein can be interpreted to mean "when" or "in response to determining."

[0024] In the present specification, an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection is provided, the present specification also relates to an early warning device for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection, a computing device, and a computer readable storage medium, which are described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0025] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of an early warning method for reactor turn-to-turn short circuit by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection is shown, according to an embodiment of the present specification, which specifically includes the following steps.

[0026] Step 101: Collecting wideband signals of each measuring point of the reactor distributed array by a wideband vibration sensor.

[0027] Referring to Figure 2 , this step uses a wideband vibration sensor to collect wideband ultrasonic-vibration composite signals of each measuring point of the reactor distributed array, i.e. the above-mentioned wideband signals. Referring to Figure 2The vibration signal generated by the vibration of the dry-type hollow reactor is mainly 100Hz and its multiple frequencies, and the vibration signal frequency band in the normal state or after the occurrence of metallic short circuit is mainly concentrated in the range of 0-10kHz; the ultrasonic signal generated by the insulation deterioration discharge is the spherical wave generated by the density change of the medium caused by compression, and the frequency band range is 10kHz-250kHz. The essence of the ultrasonic signal and the vibration signal is vibration wave, therefore, a wide frequency vibration signal sensor with a frequency band range covering (but not limited to) 0-250kHz can be used to collect the acoustic vibration composite signal on the surface of the reactor, and the change rule of the signal characteristic parameter in different states can be extracted by collecting, filtering and analyzing the output signal of the sensor, so as to realize the diagnosis of the short circuit fault of the reactor.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the measuring points include axial measuring points and ring measuring points; the axial measuring points are located in the vertical direction of the side wall of the reactor; and the ring measuring points are located in the horizontal direction of the side wall of the reactor.

[0029] In actual application, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The scheme collects signals by using a wide frequency vibration signal sensor, and the arrangement scheme of the m sensors is shown in the figure. The turn-to-turn discharge and the short circuit position are relatively random, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The measuring point arrangement mode shown in the figure can receive ultrasonic signals in each direction in the ring direction, and can simultaneously detect vibration signals of each turn in the axial direction, so as to realize panoramic monitoring of the fault.

[0030] Step 102: filtering and segmenting the wide frequency signal to obtain a low-pass filtered component and a high-pass filtered component; wherein the low-pass filtered component is 0-10kHz, and the high-pass filtered component is 10kHz-1MHz.

[0031] In a possible implementation, filtering and segmenting the wide frequency signal to obtain a low-pass filtered component and a high-pass filtered component includes: extracting effective information by wavelet threshold denoising on the wide frequency signal collected by each measuring point; and performing digital filtering on the effective information with 10kHz as a separation to obtain the low-pass filtered component and the high-pass filtered component.

[0032] In actual application, the wide frequency vibration signal collected by each measuring point is subjected to wavelet threshold denoising to extract effective information, and digital filtering is performed with 10kHz as a separation to obtain a high-pass filtered component of 10kHz-1MHz and a low-pass filtered component of 0-10kHz.

[0033] Step 103: calculating a pre-set discharge characteristic parameter based on the high-pass filtered component, and performing characteristic analysis on the low-frequency vibration signal of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered component to determine an analysis result.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the preset discharge characteristic parameter is calculated based on the high-pass filtered component, including: performing frequency spectrum analysis on the high-pass filtered component to determine a high-frequency component variation law; and extracting the discharge characteristic parameter according to the high-frequency component variation law; wherein the discharge characteristic parameter includes a voltage phase angle, a phase width, a discharge pulse cluster number, and a pulse energy integral.

[0035] In actual application, during long-time operation, the reactor package insulation will crack under the action of electric, thermal and mechanical stress, and the epoxy resin insulation on the package and the polyester film coated on the aluminum conductor will deteriorate and hydrolyze after being wet, until the inter-turn insulation fails. After the inter-turn insulation fails, early discharge phenomenon will occur in the inter-turn under the action of inter-turn voltage. The ultrasonic signal is essentially a vibration wave, and a wideband vibration signal sensor covering a frequency range of 10 kHz-250 kHz can be used to measure the early discharge ultrasonic signal of the reactor, and the output signal of the sensor is collected. The ultrasonic signal is a relatively high frequency signal, and the frequency of the sensor noise is also relatively high. In order to avoid the influence of high-frequency noise on the analysis of high-frequency ultrasonic signal, first, the wavelet threshold denoising algorithm is applied to the denoising processing of the output signal of the sensor. The denoised signal is digitally filtered at 10 kHz-250 kHz to obtain the effective high-frequency ultrasonic signal. The high-frequency signal after denoising and filtering is analyzed, the variation law of the signal characteristic parameter in different states is extracted, and the early state of the reactor inter-turn short circuit is diagnosed.

[0036] When the reactor is in normal operation, there is almost no high-frequency component above 10 kHz in the acoustic vibration signal measured on the surface of the reactor, but when the reactor has an early inter-turn short circuit partial discharge defect, the high-frequency signal component above 20 kHz in the signal spectrum measured by the sensor will significantly increase, and the power and φ :

[0037] wherein, U i represents the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal corresponding to the frequency component of i ; i ∈ [1 × 10 4 , 25 × 10 4 ].

[0038] When the inter-turn discharge defect occurs, φ will significantly increase. Therefore, the early discharge state of the dry-type air-core reactor can be detected by detecting the change of the high-frequency ultrasonic signal amplitude. The detection threshold is set to , and At this time, it can be judged that the reactor has a discharge phenomenon. Among them, the detection threshold is set by collecting the size of the high-frequency component power of the reactor with the same voltage level and known defects in the running process .

[0039] Further, the time of occurrence of the ultrasonic signal in a period of time can be recorded, and the specific discharge fault type can be judged according to the periodicity of the time of occurrence of the ultrasonic signal. There are various reasons for the early inter-turn discharge phenomenon, including: discharge due to relative movement between turns, non-contact discharge when the inter-turn insulation strength is too low, inter-turn arc discharge, etc. In addition, the ultrasonic signal generated by corona discharge also has certain discharge characteristics, but corona discharge is not inter-turn discharge, and it must be excluded when diagnosing faults. Further, discharge phase, discharge repetition rate, maximum discharge phase width, and average discharge amount are proposed as discharge characteristic parameters to distinguish different types of inter-turn discharge.

[0040] The voltage signal and the ultrasonic signal of the reactor are collected synchronously, and the ultrasonic signal is subjected to the foregoing noise reduction and filtering processing. The time domain signal of 1s is intercepted T obs , that is, the voltage and ultrasonic signal of 50 power frequency cycles are taken. When inter-turn discharge occurs, high-frequency pulses or high-frequency pulse clusters will appear at certain times in the time domain waveform of the ultrasonic signal, and the appearance of the high-frequency pulse indicates the occurrence of inter-turn discharge in the time domain.

[0041] In T obs , the voltage signal and the corresponding ultrasonic signal in 0.02s of a power frequency cycle are taken within 1s. The discharge phase refers to the voltage phase angle corresponding to the time when the inter-turn discharge pulse first appears , and the calculation formula is:

[0042] , wherein t discharge is the time interval from the voltage zero-crossing point to the rising edge of the first ultrasonic pulse in 0.02s of a power frequency voltage cycle; is 0.02s of a power frequency cycle.

[0043] The discharge phase can reflect the voltage polarity and time when the discharge occurs, and is related to the field emission characteristics of the insulating material or the accumulation of space charges. The phase aggregation of different types of discharge differs.

[0044] The maximum discharge phase width is the maximum width of the phase interval occupied by all discharge pulse clusters in 0.02s of a single power frequency cycle. When calculating, the phase width of a single discharge is first obtained :

[0045] wherein, θ end is the end phase of the discharge cluster, θ start is the start phase of the discharge cluster, the maximum discharge phase width is taken as the time interval between the maximum value of T obs the maximum value.

[0046] The polarity asymmetry reflecting the discharge duration, the wide phase can be caused by multiple physical processes (such as streamer- leader transition) or complex space charge dynamics.

[0047] Discharge repetition rate DRR is the number of effective discharge pulse clusters detected per unit time, the statistical formula is:

[0048] wherein, N is the observation time T obs The number of pulse clusters in the ultrasonic signal (the count of pulse clusters must define the amplitude threshold A 0 to eliminate noise); T obs =1s.

[0049] The discharge repetition rate can represent the frequency of discharge activity, and high repetition rate can indicate the severity of local defects.

[0050] Average discharge amount Q avg Based on the equivalent discharge amount estimation of the ultrasonic signal amplitude, the pulse energy integral is calculated:

[0051] wherein, U ultrasonic ( t ) is the time-domain ultrasonic signal after noise reduction filtering.

[0052] In a possible implementation, the low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point are analyzed based on the low-pass filtering component to determine the analysis result, including: comparing the low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtering component with the reference distribution under the same working condition collected in real time, and if the axial vibration distribution increases, it is determined that a short circuit fault occurs.

[0053] ​In practical applications, when a metallic short circuit occurs between two turns in the dry-type air-core reactor, the short-circuit turn will generate a short-circuit current much higher than the rated value, and the total current of the coil where the short circuit occurs changes little. Since the vibration generated by the conductor is proportional to the square of the current, when the short circuit occurs, the vibration amplitude in the short-circuit ring increases significantly, and the vibration intensity of other parts of the coil where the short-circuit ring is located increases but changes relatively little. The reactor is a whole structure, and the vibration signal caused by the turn-to-turn short circuit fault in any layer of the package will be transmitted to the outer package through the interconnected structure of the package and the stay. Therefore, the turn-to-turn short circuit fault can be diagnosed and highly located by the change of the vibration distribution on the outer package.

[0054] The vibration distribution signals of each measuring point of the reactor in normal steady state operation are taken as the control data, and the vibration values of each measuring point collected in real time are compared with the original values in the normal operation state. Assuming that there are m measuring points in the package column during monitoring, the measuring point numbers from top to bottom are 1, 2… k … m If the following formula is met, it is preliminarily judged that the reactor has a short circuit abnormal fault: (1) In formula (1), a h ( h is the vibration value measured in real time by the measuring point No. m from top to bottom in the axial direction of the outer package; h a h0 is the vibration value measured in the historical normal operation state by the measuring point at the corresponding position.

[0055] Step 104: determining the early turn-to-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameter, determining the metallic short circuit state based on the analysis result, and performing early warning based on the early turn-to-turn discharge state or the metallic short circuit state.

[0056] In one possible implementation, determining the early turn-to-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameter includes: inputting the discharge characteristic parameter into a trained ANN neural network to determine the early turn-to-turn discharge state; wherein the early turn-to-turn discharge state includes turn-to-turn contact discharge, turn-to-turn insulation strength too low discharge, turn-to-turn arc discharge and corona discharge.

[0057] ​In practical application, the ultrasonic signal characteristics under different inter-turn discharge types and corona discharge in the laboratory or field should be collected as the original database firstly, and the ANN neural network is used for training and verification of data set classification. The real-time measured ultrasonic signal is denoised, filtered and the characteristic value is calculated, and then the characteristic value is input into the trained ANN neural network, so that the inter-turn discharge fault diagnosis and discharge type discrimination can be realized. The discharge state diagnosis using the ANN neural network structure is shown as follows. Figure 5

[0058] In a possible implementation, the metal short-circuit state is determined based on the analysis result, including: in an axial column of measuring points, a preset number of measuring points are compared with a historical normal operation state, and in the case of satisfying a distribution characteristic formula, the metal short-circuit state is determined.

[0059] In practical application, in an axial column of measuring points, if the real-time vibration value of the first measuring point is obviously deviated from the original vibration value of the corresponding point in the historical normal operation state, and the distribution characteristic formula is satisfied, the metal short-circuit state is determined. k- 1 , k, k+ 1 a k-1 、 a k 、 a k+1 a （k-1）0 、 a k0 、 a （k+1）0 (2) In formula (2), a is a coefficient representing a short-circuit amplitude increment percentage, and is taken as 0.15. γ

[0060] Therefore, on the basis of the preliminary judgment of the short-circuit fault in formula (1), formula (2) indicates that abnormal vibration of the metal inter-turn short-circuit fault occurs near the corresponding height of the first laser vibration measuring point of the reactor. k

[0061] ​​​​​The early-stage fault of the inter-turn metallic short circuit can be distinguished based on the ultrasonic detection and feature analysis of the partial discharge, and the fault state of the inter-turn short circuit of the encapsulated metallic short circuit can be sensitively detected based on the axial vibration distribution. The ultrasonic pulse detection method can solve the problem that the state detection occurs in the metallic short circuit state, and the metallic short circuit develops into a major fire burning and destroying accident in a short time. The vibration detection method can make up for the problem that the feature value of the discharge detection is relatively random and is prone to be interfered, and the fault is missed. The ultrasonic pulse signal and the vibration distribution signal are combined with each other, so that the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis of the full encapsulation of the electric reactor can be realized in the earliest stage of the fault, the reliability of the inter-turn short circuit state detection can be ensured, and then a correct operation and maintenance decision can be implemented. The early-stage warning method of the inter-turn short circuit of the electric reactor by fusing the ultrasonic pulse detection and the vibration detection in the present application has high practical value for any type of dry-type air-core electric reactor.

[0062] The present application is based on the inter-turn discharge phenomenon in the early stage of the short circuit after the inter-turn insulation deterioration failure, and proposes an early-stage state diagnosis method of the short circuit based on the ultrasonic pulse detection and feature analysis. The early-stage state of the inter-turn short circuit can be recognized by monitoring the ultrasonic pulse in the signal and based on the typical features of the pulse. The normal state and the discharge state can be initially distinguished by the typical feature parameters of the ultrasonic signal, and then the non-short-circuit discharge and different types of inter-turn discharges can be further distinguished based on the multi-feature parameters and the ANN network architecture. Through the above detection scheme, the early-stage discharge fault of the inter-turn short circuit can be diagnosed, and the non-short-circuit corona discharge is distinguished, and the early-stage state detection of the short circuit is realized. Meanwhile, a row of vibration measuring points are arranged outside the encapsulation of the electric reactor to collect the vibration information transmitted by each encapsulation, so that the metallic short circuit fault can be quickly detected. The two detection methods are complementary to each other, and the inter-turn short circuit fault diagnosis of the full encapsulation of the electric reactor can be realized in the earliest stage of the fault.

[0063] Corresponding to the method embodiments, the present specification also provides an early-warning device for the early-stage inter-turn short circuit of the electric reactor by fusing the ultrasonic and vibration detection, Figure 6 A structure diagram of an early-warning device for the early-stage inter-turn short circuit of the electric reactor by fusing the ultrasonic and vibration detection is shown in an embodiment of the present specification. As shown in the figure, Figure 6 The device comprises: A signal acquisition module 601 configured to acquire the wide-frequency signals of each measuring point of the distributed array of the electric reactor through a wide-frequency vibration sensor; A signal decomposition module 602 configured to filter and segment the wide-frequency signals to obtain a low-pass filter component and a high-pass filter component; wherein the low-pass filter component is 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filter component is 10 kHz-1 MHz; The data analysis module 603 is configured to calculate preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filtered components, and perform feature analysis on the low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components to determine an analysis result. The result warning module 604 is configured to determine an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters, and determine a metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis result, and perform warning based on the early inter-turn discharge state or the metallic short-circuit state.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the measuring points include axial measuring points and ring measuring points. The axial measuring points are located in the vertical direction of the side wall of the reactor. The ring measuring points are located in the horizontal direction of the side wall of the reactor.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the wideband signal is filtered and segmented to obtain the low-pass filtered components and the high-pass filtered components, including: The wideband signal collected by each measuring point is subjected to wavelet threshold denoising to extract effective information. The effective information is subjected to digital filtering with 10 kHz as a separation to obtain the low-pass filtered components and the high-pass filtered components.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the preset discharge characteristic parameters are calculated based on the high-pass filtered components, including: The high-pass filtered components are subjected to frequency spectrum analysis to determine the variation law of high-frequency components. The discharge characteristic parameters are extracted according to the variation law of high-frequency components; wherein the discharge characteristic parameters include voltage phase angle, phase width, discharge pulse cluster number and pulse energy integral.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the early inter-turn discharge state is determined based on the discharge characteristic parameters, including: The discharge characteristic parameters are input into a trained ANN neural network to determine the early inter-turn discharge state; wherein the early inter-turn discharge state includes inter-turn contact discharge, inter-turn insulation strength too low discharge, inter-turn arc discharge and corona discharge.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the analysis result is determined based on the feature analysis on the low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components, including: The low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filtered components are compared with a reference distribution collected in real time under the same working condition, and if the axial vibration distribution increases, it is determined that a short-circuit fault occurs.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the metallic short-circuit state is determined based on the analysis result, including: In the axial array of measuring points, the preset number of measuring points are compared with the historical normal operation state, and the metal short circuit state is determined in the case that the distribution characteristic formula is met.

[0070] The above is a schematic scheme of the early warning device for the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit of the fusion of ultrasonic and vibration detection according to the embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the early warning device for the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit of the fusion of ultrasonic and vibration detection belongs to the same concept as the technical scheme of the early warning method for the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit of the fusion of ultrasonic and vibration detection described above. The technical scheme of the early warning device for the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit of the fusion of ultrasonic and vibration detection is not described in detail, and can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the early warning method for the reactor turn-to-turn short circuit of the fusion of ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0071] Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a computing device 700 is shown according to one embodiment of the present specification. The components of the computing device 700 include, but are not limited to, a memory 710 and a processor 720. The processor 720 is connected to the memory 710 through a bus 730, and a database 750 is used to save data.

[0072] The computing device 700 also includes an access device 740, which enables the computing device 700 to communicate via one or more networks 760. Examples of these networks include a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a personal area network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 740 can include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., network interface card (NIC)) such as an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless interface, a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX) interface, an Ethernet interface, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, a near field communication (NFC).

[0073] In one embodiment of the present specification, the above-mentioned components of the computing device 700 and Figure 7Other components not shown can also be connected to each other in the system, such as through a bus. It should be understood that Figure 7 The illustrated computing device architecture diagram is for the purpose of example only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present specification. Other components can be added or substituted as needed by one skilled in the art.

[0074] The computing device 700 can be any type of stationary or mobile computing device including a mobile computer or mobile computing device (e.g., a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, etc.), a mobile phone (e.g., a smartphone), a wearable computing device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses, etc.), or other type of mobile device, or a stationary computing device such as a desktop computer or a personal computer (PC). The computing device 700 can also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0075] The processor 720 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions to perform the steps of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection. The above is a schematic solution of the computing device of the embodiment. It should be understood that the technical solution of the computing device and the technical solution of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection belong to the same concept, and the details of the technical solution of the computing device not described in detail can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0076] An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0077] The above is a schematic solution of the computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment. It should be understood that the technical solution of the storage medium and the technical solution of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection belong to the same concept, and the details of the technical solution of the storage medium not described in detail can be referred to the description of the technical solution of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0078] An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer program, which, when executed in a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the above-mentioned method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of power reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0079] The above is a schematic scheme of a computer program of the embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the computer program and the technical scheme of the early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of the reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection belong to the same concept, and the technical scheme of the computer program is not described in detail. The description of the technical scheme of the early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of the reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection.

[0080] The above describes specific embodiments of the present specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different than the order in which they are recited in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve the desired results. In certain implementations, multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous or necessary.

[0081] The computer instructions include computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable code, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include any entity or apparatus capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the contents contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0082] It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, in order to facilitate description, they are all expressed as a combination of a series of actions, but those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present specification are not limited by the order of the described actions, because according to the embodiments of the present specification, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the embodiments of the present specification.

[0083] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0084] The preferred embodiments of the present specification disclosed above are only used to help explain the present specification. Alternative embodiments do not describe all the details and limit the present application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the embodiments of the present specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments of the present specification, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present specification. The present specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for early warning of inter-turn short circuit of a reactor by fusing ultrasonic and vibration detection, characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: collecting wideband signals of each measuring point of a distributed array of a reactor through a wideband vibration sensor; filtering and segmenting the wideband signals to obtain low-pass filter components and high-pass filter components; wherein the low-pass filter components are 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filter components are 10 kHz-1 MHz; calculating preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filter components, and performing feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filter components to determine analysis results; determining an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters, and determining a metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis results, and performing early warning based on the early inter-turn discharge state or the metallic short-circuit state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The measuring points include axial measuring points and ring measuring points; The axial measuring points are located in the vertical direction of the side wall of the reactor; The ring measuring points are located in the horizontal direction of the side wall of the reactor.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The filtering and segmenting of the wideband signals to obtain low-pass filter components and high-pass filter components comprises the steps of: performing wavelet threshold denoising on the wideband signals collected by each measuring point to extract effective information; performing digital filtering on the effective information with 10 kHz as the separation to obtain low-pass filter components and high-pass filter components.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation of preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filter components comprises the steps of: performing frequency spectrum analysis on the high-pass filter components to determine the change rule of high-frequency components; extracting discharge characteristic parameters according to the change rule of high-frequency components; wherein the discharge characteristic parameters include voltage phase angle, phase width, discharge pulse cluster number, and pulse energy integral.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The determination of an early inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameters comprises the steps of: inputting the discharge characteristic parameters into a trained ANN neural network to determine the early inter-turn discharge state; wherein the early inter-turn discharge state includes inter-turn contact discharge, inter-turn insulation strength discharge, inter-turn arc discharge, and corona discharge.

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filter components to determine analysis results comprises the steps of: comparing low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filter components with a reference distribution collected under the same working condition in real time, and determining that a short-circuit fault occurs if the axial vibration distribution increases.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The determination of a metallic short-circuit state based on the analysis results comprises the steps of: comparing a preset number of measuring points with a historical normal operating state in an axial row of measuring points, and determining the metallic short-circuit state if the distribution characteristic formula is satisfied.

8. An early warning device for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor, which fuses ultrasonic and vibration detection, characterized in that, The method comprises the steps of: a signal collection module configured to collect wideband signals of each measuring point of a distributed array of a reactor through a wideband vibration sensor; a signal decomposition module configured to filter and segment the wideband signals to obtain low-pass filter components and high-pass filter components; wherein the low-pass filter components are 0-10 kHz, and the high-pass filter components are 10 kHz-1 MHz; a data analysis module configured to calculate preset discharge characteristic parameters based on the high-pass filter components, and perform feature analysis on low-frequency vibration signals of each measuring point based on the low-pass filter components to determine analysis results; An early warning module is configured to determine an early stage inter-turn discharge state based on the discharge characteristic parameter, determine a metallic short circuit state based on the analysis result, and give a warning based on the early stage inter-turn discharge state or the metallic short circuit state.

9. A computing device, comprising: Comprise: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, realize the steps of the early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor combined with ultrasonic and vibration detection according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 10.A computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions, when executed by a processor, realize the steps of the early warning method for inter-turn short circuit of a reactor combined with ultrasonic and vibration detection according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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