Power distribution automation pressing plate switching external alarm device

Abstract

The invention discloses a power distribution automation pressing plate switching external alarm device, which comprises a function host and a wiring terminal electrically connected with the function host, the wiring terminal outputs digital electric signals according to the closing and opening states of a loop where the wiring terminal is located, and the function host judges whether a connecting sheet is in a connection state or not by receiving the digital electric signals; the induction monitoring part is used for inducting the opening and closing state of a cabinet door of the power distribution control terminal cabinet, the induction monitoring part outputs the door closing state as a digital electric signal, and the function host judges whether the cabinet door is in a closed state or not by receiving the digital electric signal. The function host analyzes and judges the field working state and the connecting state of the connecting piece through two sets of digital signals, and when the box door is closed and the connecting piece is disconnected, the function host gives an alarm in an acousto-optic reminding mode to remind field workers that the state of the connecting piece is abnormal. And the information is wirelessly transmitted to a corresponding wireless receiving end to realize remote state monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire safety, and in particular to an external alarm device for the activation and deactivation of a power distribution automation pressure plate. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation and maintenance management of power distribution automation, the existing technology has the following defects: On the one hand, due to the negligence of the local power supply station or the maintenance personnel of automation operation and maintenance, the pressure plate may be missed, which will lead to the switch refusing to operate, affecting the accuracy of terminal remote control, fault isolation and line self-healing, causing significant economic losses, and there is a lack of effective means to monitor and warn of the pressure plate's operation status; on the other hand, conventional alarm devices may continue to alarm when the cabinet door is open for maintenance and repair, generating noise pollution, and it is not convenient for on-site inspection personnel to quickly identify the pressure plate status, nor is it easy to remotely view relevant status information through the main station.

[0003] Therefore, how to accurately monitor the status of the opening and closing connection pieces, so as to reasonably shield alarms to avoid noise pollution when the cabinet door is under maintenance and repair, and at the same time facilitate the identification of on-site inspection personnel and remote viewing of the status by the main station, is a problem that needs to be solved in the operation and maintenance management of power distribution automation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to accurately monitor the status of the opening and closing connection piece so that the alarm can be reasonably shielded to avoid noise pollution when the cabinet door is under maintenance and repair, while facilitating on-site inspection personnel to identify and the main station to remotely view the status.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes an external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of a power distribution automation control panel, which includes a functional host, a terminal block electrically connected to the functional host, and a sensing and monitoring component electrically connected to the functional host. The functional host is equipped with an alarm component. The terminal block is used to simultaneously connect to the functional host and the device to be monitored. The sensing and monitoring component is used to sense the opening and closing state of the power distribution control terminal cabinet door. When the cabinet door is closed, the sensing and monitoring component and the terminal block form a closed loop. The functional host is used to control the activation and deactivation state of the alarm component according to the connection state between the terminal block and the device to be monitored.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the main unit further includes a main unit housing and a circuit control board disposed on the inner wall of the main unit housing; The circuit control board can receive electrical signals from the power terminals and the sensing and monitoring components, and after processing the received electrical signals, convert them into output signals and transmit them to the alarm components; the alarm components can receive and process the output signals of the circuit control board and make corresponding instruction actions according to the output signals.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the main unit housing is connected to the power distribution control terminal cabinet via a connector, and the circuit control board has built-in intelligent judgment logic to distinguish between equipment maintenance status and operating status.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation switch activation / deactivation described in this invention: the sensing and monitoring component includes a first housing, a push-button switch extending from the first housing, and a pressure plate in contact with the push-button switch; the pressure plate is disposed between the cabinet doors of the power distribution control terminal cabinet; when the pressure plate is subjected to the resistance force when the cabinet door is closed, it can press the push-button switch, thereby forming a series path between the sensing and monitoring component and the wiring terminal.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the first housing is connected to the outer wall of the power distribution control terminal cabinet via the connector.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the pressure plate is generally sheet-shaped, with one end connected to the first housing; the middle part of the pressure plate is used to contact the button cap of the push-button switch, and the tail part of the pressure plate is used to contact the power distribution control terminal cabinet door; by cooperating with the push-button switch, the opening and closing action of the cabinet door can be converted into a switch on / off signal.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the wiring terminal includes a second housing, a quick connector disposed on the outer wall of the second housing, and a wire terminal head disposed on the second housing; the wire extends out of the quick connector and is connected to the functional host; one end of the wire terminal head extending out of the second housing is connected to the device to be monitored to form an electrical signal detection circuit.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: at least one set of wire terminals is provided; when the cabinet door is closed and the pressure plate presses the push switch, the alarm component will be triggered to start the alarm if any one of the wire terminals is not electrically connected to the device under test.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the external alarm device for power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation described in this invention: the main unit housing is further provided with a USB interface, and the main unit housing is connected to the outer wall of the power distribution control terminal cabinet via a connector.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the power distribution automation pressure plate activation / deactivation external alarm device of the present invention: the circuit control main board includes an MCU main control module, a switch detection module electrically connected to the MCU main control module, a communication module electrically connected to the MCU main control module, and an alarm component drive module electrically connected to the MCU main control module.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses a combination of physical triggering and electrical signals to convert the mechanical action of the cabinet door into an electrical signal through a sensing and monitoring component, thereby realizing cabinet door status recognition; Establish an electrical connection between the main unit and the pressure plate inside the distribution cabinet using dedicated wiring terminals, and collect the pressure plate's engagement / disengagement status in real time; The main unit uses built-in logic circuits to comprehensively judge the cabinet door status signal and the pressure plate status signal. When the pressure plate is detected to be missing when the cabinet door is closed, an alarm is triggered. When the cabinet door is open, the alarm is automatically blocked. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the usage status of the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation control panel. Figure 2 This diagram shows the internal structure of the main unit of the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation control panel. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the sensing and monitoring components of the external alarm device for the activation and deactivation of the power distribution automation switch is shown. Figure 4 This diagram shows the circuit diagram of the MCU main control module of the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation pressure plate; Figure 5 This diagram shows the circuit connection of the sensing and monitoring module of the external alarm device for the activation and deactivation of the power distribution automation switch. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the communication module circuit of the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation pressure plate is shown. Figure 7 This diagram shows a schematic of the alarm component drive module circuit of the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation pressure plate; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the push-button switch circuit for the external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of the power distribution automation control panel is shown.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Functional host; 2. Wiring terminal; 3. Sensing and monitoring component; 4. Alarm component; 5. Host housing; 6. Circuit control board; 7. First housing; 8. Push switch; 9. Pressure plate; 10. Connector; 11. Power distribution control terminal cabinet; 12. Cabinet door; 15. Clock oscillator; 16. Reset unit circuit; 17. Debugging interface; 18. Microcontroller; 19. Power decoupling circuit; 20. Microcontroller peripheral interface and core power supply circuit; 21. Switch detection interface U1; 22. Switch detection interface U2; 23. Switch detection interface U3; 24. Switch detection interface U7; 25. Switch detection interface U8; 211. Power supply terminal; 222. Common ground terminal; 223. Sampling power supply; 214. Switch status signal terminal; 30. Audible and visual alarm driver. 301. External audio-visual device interface; 302. Relay; 303. Transistor; 304. Freewheeling diode; 305. Current-limiting resistor network; 306. Alarm control input terminal; 307. Filter capacitor; 308. Power supply line; 31. Communication module; 311. RS485 transceiver chip; 312. Data receiving signal line; 313. Transmit / receive direction control signal line; 314. Data transmitting signal line; 315. High-speed decoupling capacitor; 316. Termination matching resistor; 317. External communication interface; 32. Switch detection circuit; 321. Isolated power supply module; 322. Filter capacitor C1; 323. Filter capacitor C2; 324. Current-limiting resistor link; 325. Terminal; 326. Optocoupler; 327. Pull-up resistor; 328. Output terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-3This embodiment provides an external alarm device for the activation / deactivation of a switchgear in power distribution automation, including a functional host 1, a terminal block 2 electrically connected to the functional host 1, and a sensing and monitoring component 3 electrically connected to the functional host 1. The functional host 1 is equipped with an alarm component 4. The terminal block 2 is used to simultaneously connect to the functional host 1 and the device to be monitored. The sensing and monitoring component 3 is used to sense the opening and closing state of the cabinet door 12 of the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11. When the cabinet door 12 is closed, the sensing and monitoring component 3 and the terminal block 2 form a closed loop. The functional host 1 controls the opening and closing state of the alarm component 4 according to the connection state between the terminal block 2 and the device to be monitored. It should be noted that the application scenarios of this embodiment include, but are not limited to, pole-mounted switchgear and outdoor switch boxes for power distribution automation. In this embodiment, the device to be monitored is exemplified by a switching connection piece.

[0021] In use, terminal 2 outputs a digital signal based on the closed and open state of its circuit. The host computer 1 receives this digital signal to determine if the connecting piece is in a connected state. The sensing and monitoring component 3 senses the opening and closing state of the cabinet door 12 of the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11. The sensing and monitoring component 3 outputs a digital signal indicating the door is closed. The host computer 1 receives this digital signal to determine if the door is closed. The host computer 1 analyzes and judges the on-site working status and the connecting piece connection status using two sets of digital signals. When the door is closed and the connecting piece is disconnected, the host computer 1 issues an alarm via sound and light to alert on-site personnel of the abnormal connecting piece status and transmits the information wirelessly to the corresponding wireless receiver for remote status monitoring.

[0022] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the functional host 1 also includes a host housing 5 and a circuit control board 6 disposed on the inner wall of the host housing 5; the circuit control board 6 can receive electrical signals from the power terminal and the sensing and monitoring component 3, and after judging and processing the received electrical signals, convert them into output signals and transmit them to the alarm component 4; the alarm component 4 can receive and process the output signals of the circuit control board 6 and make corresponding instruction actions according to the output signals.

[0023] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 The main housing 5 is connected to the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11 via a connector 10. The circuit control board 6 has built-in intelligent judgment logic to distinguish between equipment maintenance and operation status. The connector 10 can be a strong magnet, which is connected to the end face of the main housing 5 to facilitate the main housing 5's adhesion to the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11. Alternatively, the connector 10 can be a bolt and nut, with pre-drilled connection holes on the side wall of the main housing, used to connect the main housing to the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11 at a suitable position. In summary, the connector 10 is a component that connects the main housing 5 to the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11.

[0024] In this embodiment, the alarm component 4 can be an alarm device that can emit sound and light, such as an audible and visual alarm or a buzzer alarm.

[0025] It should be noted that the functional host 1, as the core control unit of the entire device, integrates key functions such as signal processing, status judgment, and alarm output. Its host housing 5 contains a circuit control board 6, an audible and visual alarm, and a USB interface; a strong magnet is embedded on the back of the host housing 5, allowing it to be firmly attached to the metal surface of the distribution cabinet, enabling tool-free quick installation and removal.

[0026] The USB interface supports USB flash drive insertion, allowing export of historical status records and alarm logs to provide data support for operation and maintenance analysis. The circuit control board 6 incorporates intelligent judgment logic, accurately distinguishing between equipment maintenance and operational states, thus preventing false alarms at their source.

[0027] Furthermore, refer to Figure 2 The sensing and monitoring component 3 includes a first housing 7, a push-button switch 8 extending from the first housing 7, and a pressure plate 9 in contact with the push-button switch 8. The pressure plate 9 is disposed between the cabinet doors 12 of the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11. When the pressure plate 9 is subjected to the resistance force when the cabinet doors 12 are closed, it can press the push-button switch 8, thereby forming a series path between the sensing and monitoring component 3 and the wiring terminal 2. The first housing 7 is connected to the outer wall of the power distribution control terminal cabinet 11 through a connector 10.

[0028] It should be noted that the sensing and monitoring component 3 is a key component for the overall device's status perception, mainly composed of a push-button switch 8, a first housing 7, a pressure plate 9, and a magnet. The pressure plate 9 is sheet-shaped, with one end connected to the housing, the middle part for contacting the button cap of the push-button switch 8, and the tail for contacting the distribution cabinet door 12. Through the cooperation of the pressure plate 9 and the push-button switch, the opening and closing action of the cabinet door 12 is converted into a switch on / off signal. The push-button switch 8 is built into the first housing 7, with its button cap extending from the upper part of the housing and its extension wire connected to the main unit 1. A magnet is provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the first housing 7, which can be flexibly attached to a suitable position on the frame of the cabinet door 12 for convenient installation. When the cabinet door 12 is closed, the pressure plate 9 is pressed down and squeezes the push-button switch 8, sending a "door closed" signal to the main unit 1. When the cabinet door 12 is opened, the pressure plate 9 springs up, the push-button switch 8 resets, and the main unit 1 determines that it has entered the "maintenance state" (door open) and automatically disables the alarm function. The principle of the automatic shielding alarm function is as follows: when the cabinet door 12 is opened, the pressure plate 9 pops up, and the pressing switch 8 resets, causing the circuit between the sensing and monitoring component 3 and the wiring terminal 2 to be disconnected. The sensing and monitoring component 3 transmits the circuit disconnection electrical signal to the circuit control board 6 of the function host 1, so that the function host 1 recognizes that the cabinet door 12 is now open and no longer sends the opening alarm command to the alarm component 4.

[0029] Furthermore, the terminal block 2 includes a second housing, a quick connector disposed on the outer wall of the second housing, and a wire terminal head disposed on the second housing; the wire extends out of the quick connector and is connected to the functional host 1; one end of the wire terminal head extending out of the second housing is connected to the device to be monitored to form an electrical signal detection circuit.

[0030] It should be noted that terminal block 2 adopts a quick-connect design, which greatly simplifies on-site wiring operations. Terminal block 2 is installed inside the distribution cabinet. One side connects to the wires of the main unit 1 via a quick connector; the other side reliably connects to the terminals at both ends of the distribution switch connection piece via a lead-out wire, forming a stable electrical signal monitoring circuit. Compared to the traditional cumbersome screw-tightening method, this setup shortens installation time, reduces the risk of malfunctions due to loose wiring, and ensures the stability of monitoring signal transmission.

[0031] In some implementations, at least one set of wire terminals is provided; when the cabinet door 12 is closed and the pressure plate 9 presses the pressure switch 8, the alarm component 4 will be triggered to activate the alarm if any wire terminal is not electrically connected to the device under test. For example, if three sets of wire terminals are provided, each connected to one of three switch-opening / closing connecting plates, the alarm component 4 will be triggered to activate the alarm if any wire terminal is not connected to the switch-opening / closing connecting plate when the cabinet door 12 is closed and the pressure plate 9 presses the pressure switch 8.

[0032] In some implementations, refer to Figure 4 As shown, the circuit control motherboard includes an MCU main control module, a switch detection module electrically connected to the MCU main control module, a communication module electrically connected to the MCU main control module, and an alarm component drive module electrically connected to the MCU main control module.

[0033] The MCU main control module circuit is configured as follows: The main control core of this device adopts an STM32F407 series 32-bit microcontroller (U16) (18, 20), and its peripheral circuit consists of a clock oscillator 15, a reset unit 16, an SWD debugging interface 17, a power supply decoupling circuit 19, and multiple digital input / output ports. The design goal of the entire main control circuit is to ensure that the system has high reliability, low noise anti-interference capability, and stable logic processing capability for each detection module in the complex power distribution cabinet operating environment.

[0034] The switch detection module consists of multiple independent detection interfaces with the same structure. They are connected to external pressure plate contacts or cabinet door limit switches through connection terminals such as U1, U2, U3, U7, and U8 to achieve multi-channel synchronous status detection.

[0035] The diagram is divided into 5 independent switch detection interfaces, namely U1 (21), U2 (22), U3 (23), U7 (24), and U8 (25). Each interface has the same structure, and the corresponding contents are as follows: +12V power supply terminal 211: Provides operating voltage for isolation or pre-amplifier optocouplers, and is the high-voltage side power supply for each detection interface.

[0036] Common ground (GND) 222: forms the circuit reference and ensures the electrical stability of the circuit.

[0037] +3.3V sampling power supply 223: provides a stable logic level reference for the MCU side and belongs to the signal side power supply.

[0038] Switch status signal terminal (SW) 214: Each SW pin (such as SW1, SW2, etc.) is used as a detection signal output to transmit the on / off status of external switches (pressure plate, cabinet door limit switch, etc.), and is sent to the MCU GPIO input terminal after isolation processing.

[0039] These interfaces have a unified structure, enabling synchronous detection of multiple switching quantities (such as pressure plate "in / out", cabinet door "open / close"), and are characterized by anti-interference and easy expansion.

[0040] Each detection interface consists of a +12V power supply, a common ground, a +3.3V sampling power supply, and a switch status signal SW. The +12V provides the operating voltage for the isolation or pre-amplifier optocoupler, GND forms the loop reference, and the +3.3V provides a stable logic level reference for the MCU side. The SW pin serves as the final detection signal output for each channel. After being processed by internal optocoupler isolation and current-limiting sampling resistors, it is transmitted to the MCU's GPIO input, enabling real-time monitoring of pressure plate "entry / exit," cabinet door "open / close," and other switching events.

[0041] The pin arrangement of each terminal group is standardized, allowing external pressure plates, magnetic door switches, or other contacts to be directly connected using the same standard interface. The detection process alters the input circuit state through the on / off action of external switches. After passing through a pre-stage optocoupler or isolation circuit, a clear and stable high / low level signal is finally generated at the SW output. Because the design strictly separates the +12V high-voltage side from the +3.3V signal side of the MCU and leads them out through independent terminals, external interference is effectively prevented from directly coupling to the MCU. This also facilitates the connection of different types of input switches to a unified port, improving the module's adaptability and expandability. This structure not only simplifies the wiring of multiple switching signals but also provides the entire device with better anti-interference performance, fault isolation capabilities, and engineering maintainability in complex distribution cabinet environments, ensuring that the status of each pressure plate and cabinet door can be accurately and stably acquired and processed by the main control system.

[0042] like Figure 6 As shown, the communication module includes a transceiver chip, a data receive signal line, a transmit / receive direction control signal line, a data transmit signal line, a high-speed decoupling capacitor, a termination matching resistor, and an external communication interface; The RS485 transceiver chip 311 is the core of the module, enabling industrial-grade differential data transmission.

[0043] RXD1: Data receive signal line 312, connected to the RO pin (pin 1) of U14, responsible for transmitting the data received from the RS485 bus to the MCU.

[0044] RE1: Transmit / receive direction control signal line 313, connects to RE# (pin 2) and DE (pin 3) of U14, controls the chip to switch between receive and transmit modes.

[0045] TXD1: Data transmission signal line 314, connected to the DI pin (pin 4) of U14, responsible for sending the MCU's data to the RS485 bus.

[0046] C11 (100nF): High-speed decoupling capacitor 315, which filters out noise from the power supply terminal of U14 and ensures the stability of differential signal output.

[0047] R7 (120Ω): Termination matching resistor 316, connected between differential signals A and B, absorbs bus reflected signals, and improves the integrity and reliability of long-distance communication.

[0048] CN5: External communication interface 317, providing a unified wiring method for external RS485 communication lines, leading out differential pairs and power supply terminals.

[0049] The RS485 communication module 31 of this device is based on U14 (MAX485ESA+T) 311 and is used to realize industrial-grade differential data transmission between the device and external communication equipment, meeting the requirements of remote parameter configuration, data transmission and system linkage. The module is connected to the MCU via RXD1 (312), TXD1 (314) and RE1 (313) signal lines. TXD1 (314) is input to the DI pin of MAX485 as a data transmission channel; RXD1 (312) is connected to the RO pin as a data reception channel; the RE1 (313) signal controls the transmission and reception direction by connecting RE# and DE pins, allowing the chip to switch between transmission and reception modes. The VCC of U14 (311) is connected to the system power supply, and C11 (315) is placed next to its power supply terminal as a high-speed decoupling capacitor to filter out power supply noise generated during chip switching and ensure the stability of differential output.

[0050] The differential signal terminals A and B are connected via R7 (120Ω) to form a terminating matching resistor, used to absorb reflected signals at the bus end, improving the integrity and reliability of long-distance communication. The CN5 interface leads out the differential pair and power supply terminal, providing a unified wiring method for external communication lines. Leveraging the differential drive capability of the MAX485, the module possesses strong common-mode interference immunity, enabling stable data transmission over hundreds of meters in environments with strong electromagnetic interference, ensuring the safe and reliable exchange of commands, parameters, and log data between the remote port and the device. This communication module has a compact structure and strong anti-interference capability, and in power distribution automation scenarios, it can serve as an extended communication link or equipment integration interface, providing excellent support for system-level interconnection of this device. Reference Figure 7 As shown, the sound and light alarm driver module includes an external sound and light device interface, a relay, a transistor, a freewheeling diode, a current limiting resistor network, an alarm control input terminal, a filter capacitor, and a power supply line.

[0051] External audio-visual device interface (CN2) 301: Provides a physical connection interface for external audio-visual alarms, and provides a power supply path for audio-visual devices through +12V_OUT and GND. It serves as a bridge for the external output of audio-visual alarm signals.

[0052] Relay K1 (APAN3112) 302: As a core switching element, its normally open contact closes when the coil is energized, connecting the +12V_OUT power supply to the external audible and visual alarm to realize the power supply control of the audible and visual alarm. It is the execution component that triggers the audible and visual alarm.

[0053] Transistor Q1303: As an electronic switch, it is controlled by the ALM signal. When it is turned on, it provides the working current to the coil of relay K1, controls the relay's engagement and disengagement, and is the core driver of the relay.

[0054] The freewheeling diode D1304 is connected in parallel across the coil of relay K1. It absorbs the inductive back electromotive force at the moment the relay coil is de-energized, preventing reverse high voltage from impacting transistor Q1 and the main control MCU, thus protecting the drive circuit.

[0055] Current limiting resistor network (R5, R6) 305: R5 limits the base current of transistor Q1, and R6 works with R5 to divide the voltage, providing a suitable base drive voltage for the transistor, while limiting current and protecting it to ensure stable operation of the transistor.

[0056] Alarm control input terminal (ALM) 306: Receives alarm control signals from the main control MCU and serves as the instruction entry point for the drive module. A high-level signal triggers subsequent audible and visual alarm actions.

[0057] Filter capacitor C8 (307): suppresses voltage spikes and ripples when the relay is working, stabilizes the power supply voltage, improves the circuit's anti-interference ability, and ensures the stability of alarm action.

[0058] +12V_OUT (308) power supply line: provides +12V working power for the external sound and light alarm, and is also the load power output after relay K1 switches, which is the energy source for the sound and light alarm.

[0059] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the audible and visual alarm drive module 30 of this device consists of a relay K1302, a transistor Q1303, a freewheeling diode D1304, a current-limiting resistor network 305, and an alarm control input terminal ALM306, etc., and is used to realize the audible and visual alarm output triggered by the main control system.

[0060] External audio-visual devices are connected via the CN2301 interface, and their power supply is provided by the +12V_OUT port 308. The alarm control signal ALM output by the main control MCU drives transistor Q1303 through a voltage divider and current limiting network composed of resistors R5 and R6, making it act as a low-side switch to control the on / off state of the relay coil. When the ALM signal is high, Q1303 conducts, the relay coil is energized and closes, the normally open contact of K1302 closes, and thus the +12V_OUT load power supply is delivered to the external audio-visual alarm, causing the buzzer and indicator light to sound and flash.

[0061] To prevent the relay coil from transmitting back electromotive force to the drive circuit during power failure, a fast recovery diode D1 (304) is connected in parallel across K1 (302) to absorb the inductive backflow voltage generated when the coil is de-energized, protecting the transistor and MCU output from high-voltage transient impacts. Capacitor C8 is used to suppress voltage spikes and ripples generated during relay operation, making the alarm power supply more stable. The overall drive circuit is constructed using discrete components, ensuring reliable structure and strong anti-interference capabilities, making it suitable for high-noise and electromagnetic interference environments in power distribution cabinets. At the system logic level, the main control MCU can implement strategies such as timed buzzer beeping and constant or flashing indicator lights through software, thereby creating a "sound and light combined alarm" effect to ensure that abnormal conditions can be promptly identified by on-site personnel.

[0062] Reference Figure 8 As shown, the switch detection circuit includes an isolation power supply module, filter capacitor C1, filter capacitor C2, current limiting resistor link, terminals, optocoupler, pull-up resistor and output terminal.

[0063] The isolation power supply module (321) U4 (B1212S-2WR3) and filter capacitors C1 (322) and C2 (323) provide a fully isolated +12V_GL1 power supply and GND_GL1 ground for the switch detection circuit, realizing electrical isolation between input and output; C1 and C2 are used to absorb the ripple and high-frequency noise of the isolation power supply output to ensure voltage stability within the isolation domain.

[0064] Current limiting resistor link 324 (R2, R3, R4, R5, R6) and terminal (325) U5: precisely control the driving current of the input LED of optocoupler (326) U3, and at the same time improve the surge resistance of the input circuit through multi-stage series resistors, avoid damage to the optocoupler by external transient impact, and enhance the circuit withstand voltage and long-term stability.

[0065] Optocoupler (326) U3 (PC817 series), pull-up resistor (327) R7 and output terminal (328) SW: are the core of switch state isolation detection. When the external switch is closed, the optocoupler LED is turned on, and the phototransistor is turned on, so that SW outputs a low level. When the switch is opened, the phototransistor is turned off, and SW is pulled to a high level by the pull-up resistor R7 (327), realizing electrical isolation detection of switch state and avoiding external interference from entering the main control system.

[0066] +12V power supply and GND circuit: Provides input power to the isolated power module U4 (321) and provides energy support to the input side of the entire switch detection circuit to ensure normal operation of the circuit.

[0067] The switch detection circuit 32 of this device adopts an isolated design and is mainly composed of an isolated power supply module U4 (321), a current limiting resistor link 324, and an optocoupler U3 (PC817 series) 326. It is mainly used to reliably acquire external pressure plate contacts, cabinet door switches, or other status quantities, and to prevent external interference from entering the main control system through electrical isolation.

[0068] In the circuit, U4 (321) is a B1212S-2WR3 isolated power supply module. Its input is connected to the system's +12V power supply, and its output generates completely isolated +12V_GL1 and GND_GL1, providing independent operating voltages for the subsequent switch detection circuit. The input and output of U4 are physically and electrically isolated through a magnetic isolation structure, and two capacitors, C1 (322) and C2 (323), are configured at the output to absorb ripple and high-frequency noise, making the voltage in the isolation domain more stable.

[0069] The isolated power supply output from +12V_GL1 is led out through terminal 325 of U5 and connected in series with multiple current-limiting resistors (324) R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 to the input LED terminal of optocoupler (326) U3. This multi-stage uniform current-limiting design is used to precisely control the driving current of the optocoupler LED and to improve the surge resistance of the entire input circuit by increasing the series impedance, so that transient impact voltages that may be brought by external contacts cannot be directly applied to the optocoupler, thereby improving the circuit's withstand voltage and long-term stability. When the external switch is closed, the isolated power supply forms a complete circuit, the internal LED of the optocoupler is turned on, and the phototransistor is turned on. At this time, the phototransistor pulls the output terminal SW (328) to a low level. When the external switch is open, the internal LED of the optocoupler is turned off, the phototransistor is in the open state, and the MCU detects the corresponding reverse logic level, thereby realizing state recognition.

[0070] Because the input and output sides of the optocoupler U3 (326) are completely isolated, and all components within the isolation domain are powered by independent power supplies, electromagnetic interference, reverse spikes, or common-mode noise from external switching circuits cannot be directly coupled to the MCU. This detection method not only ensures the purity of the sampled signal but also significantly improves the device's anti-interference capability in the complex electromagnetic environment of the distribution cabinet. Through this optocoupler isolation structure, the device can stably detect the status of multiple pressure plates or cabinet doors, while avoiding malfunctions caused by wiring errors or inconsistent ground potentials, thus achieving a highly reliable and electrically safe switch input design.

[0071] Operation process: The sensing and monitoring component is attracted to the cabinet door by a strong magnet set on the outer wall of the first housing, ensuring that the tail of its pressing plate can contact the cabinet door, and then the extension wire of the internal push switch is connected to the main unit.

[0072] The main unit is attracted to the cabinet by a magnet installed on the outer wall of the main unit housing, and then the main unit is connected to the switch plate terminals inside the distribution cabinet through the wiring terminals.

[0073] After installation, the device continuously monitors the system. The sensing and monitoring component determines the cabinet door status by whether a pressure plate presses against the switch: when the pressure plate presses against the switch button cap, the cabinet door is closed; when the pressure plate does not press against the switch, the cabinet door is open. The main unit is connected to the sensing and monitoring component and the switch circuit inside the distribution cabinet. When the cabinet door is detected to be closed (operating), it immediately monitors the status signal of the opening and closing connection plates from the wiring terminals. If at least one opening and closing connection plate is detected to be disconnected (missing connection), the control board immediately activates the audible and visual alarm system. A buzzer sounds to alert on-site personnel, and an indicator light remains on for easy identification by inspection personnel from a distance. To avoid noise pollution during short-term maintenance or inspections, the buzzer automatically stops after a preset delay, but the indicator light remains on until the abnormal state is resolved. When the cabinet door is open, the device automatically determines it to be in maintenance mode, suspending all alarm judgments to ensure maintenance safety.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution automation pad switching external warning device, characterized by: The utility model relates to a kind of power distribution control terminal cabinet monitoring system, including, Function host (1), terminal (2) electrically connected with the function host (1), and inductive monitoring component (3) electrically connected with the function host (1), alarm component (4) is provided on the function host (1); The terminal (2) is used to be electrically connected with function host (1) and the equipment to be monitored simultaneously; The inductive monitoring component (3) is used to induct the opening and closing state of the cabinet door (12) of power distribution control terminal cabinet (11); When the cabinet door (12) is closed, the inductive monitoring component (3) forms closed loop with the terminal (2), and the function host (1) is used to control the opening and closing state of alarm component (4) according to the connection state of the terminal (2) and the equipment to be detected.

2. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 1, wherein: The function host (1) further includes host shell (5) and circuit control panel (6) arranged on the inner wall of the host shell (5); The circuit control panel (6) can receive the electrical signals of the terminal (2) and the inductive monitoring component (3), and convert the received electrical signals into output signals after judging and processing, and then transmit the output signals to the alarm component (4); The alarm component (4) can receive and process the output signals of the circuit control panel (6) and make corresponding instruction actions according to the output signals.

3. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 2, wherein: The host shell (5) is connected with the power distribution control terminal cabinet (11) through the connecting piece (10), and the circuit control panel (6) is built-in intelligent judgment logic, which is used to distinguish the equipment maintenance state and the running state.

4. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 3, wherein: The inductive monitoring component (3) includes a first housing (7), a press switch (8) extending from the first housing (7), and a pressing sheet (9) in contact with the press switch (8); The pressing sheet (9) is arranged between the cabinet doors (12) of the power distribution control terminal cabinet (11), and when the pressing sheet (9) is pressed by the resistance force of the cabinet door (12) when it is closed, the press switch (8) can be pressed, so that a series connection path is formed between the inductive monitoring component (3) and the terminal (2).

5. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 4, wherein: The first housing (7) is connected with the outer wall of the power distribution control terminal cabinet (11) through the connecting piece (10).

6. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 5, wherein: The pressing sheet (9) is in the shape of a sheet as a whole, one end of which is connected with the first housing (7); The middle part of the pressing sheet (9) is used to contact the button cap of the press switch (8), and the tail part of the pressing sheet (9) is used to contact the cabinet door (12) of the power distribution control terminal cabinet (11); Through the cooperation of the pressing sheet (9) and the button switch, the opening and closing actions of the cabinet door (12) can be converted into on-off signals of the switch.

7. The power distribution automation pad bank throw external warning device of claim 6, wherein: The terminal (2) includes a second housing, a quick connector arranged on the outer wall of the second housing, and a wire terminal head arranged on the second housing; The wire passes through the quick connector and is connected with the function host (1); One end of the wire terminal head extending out of the second housing is connected with the equipment to be monitored to form an electrical signal detection loop.

8. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 7, wherein: The wire terminal head is provided with at least one group. When the cabinet door (12) is closed and the pressing sheet (9) presses the press switch (8), the alarm component (4) will be triggered to start alarm if any of the wire terminal heads is not electrically connected with the equipment to be detected.

9. The power distribution automation pad bank throw external warning device of claim 8, wherein: The host shell (5) is connected with the outer wall of the power distribution control terminal cabinet (11) through a connecting piece (10).

10. The power distribution automation pad bank throw-in / out external warning device of claim 9, wherein: The circuit control mainboard comprises an MCU main control module, a switch detection module electrically connected with the MCU main control module, a communication module (31) electrically connected with the MCU main control module, and an alarm component driving module (30) electrically connected with the MCU main control module.

Images