Method for monitoring an energy storage system, monitoring device and energy storage system

Abstract

This application provides a monitoring method, monitoring device, and energy storage system for an energy storage system, relating to the field of energy storage system technology. The energy storage system includes multiple operating battery modules. The monitoring method for the energy storage system includes the following steps: identifying the topology of the multiple operating battery modules; monitoring the temperature of the operating battery modules; determining whether the temperature of the operating battery modules exceeds a preset value; for battery modules whose temperature exceeds the preset value, determining the position of the battery module within the topology to obtain the actual physical position of the battery module; and handling fires based on the actual physical position of the battery module. Through the monitoring method for the energy storage system provided by this invention, the topology of the operating battery modules can be obtained, and by detecting the temperature of the operating battery modules, the battery modules can be located to facilitate fire handling for battery modules whose temperature exceeds the preset value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to monitoring methods, monitoring devices, and energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] As the proportion of renewable energy increases, energy storage systems are becoming increasingly important in power systems. A common energy storage system is a battery pack that powers transportation vehicles; this pack consists of multiple battery modules. Because various companies develop a wide variety of energy storage systems, targeted maintenance is required for the battery modules of different types of systems to ensure timely response in case of fire. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose a monitoring method for an energy storage system and an energy storage system in order to identify the internal battery components of different energy storage systems for targeted maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a monitoring method for an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising multiple operating battery modules, the monitoring method comprising the following steps:

[0005] Identify the topology composed of the multiple running battery blocks;

[0006] Monitor the temperature of all running battery blocks;

[0007] Determine whether the temperature of all the operating battery blocks exceeds a preset value;

[0008] For battery blocks whose temperature exceeds a preset value, determine the position of the battery block in the topology to obtain the actual physical position of the battery block;

[0009] Fire suppression should be carried out based on the actual physical location of the battery blocks.

[0010] In one embodiment, the topology includes multiple battery series groups connected in parallel, each battery series group including multiple serially connected operating battery blocks;

[0011] The identification of the topology includes the following steps:

[0012] Calculate the number of active battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group;

[0013] Calculate the number of parallel battery series groups in the topology;

[0014] The topology is determined based on the number of operating battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group and the number of battery series groups connected in parallel in the topology.

[0015] In one embodiment, the number of operating battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group is obtained by the ratio of the total voltage of the battery series group to the voltage of a preset battery block.

[0016] In one embodiment, the energy storage system further includes a battery control unit and multiple battery pack management units. The battery control unit is used to detect the total voltage of a single battery series group; each of the battery pack management units is used to detect the total voltage of multiple battery series groups. The number of parallel battery series groups in the calculation topology is obtained by the following calculation formula:

[0017] The total number of battery building blocks in the energy storage system = N BMU总 N BMU , where N BMU总 To preset the number of battery pack management units, N BMU The number of battery series groups detected for each battery pack management unit;

[0018] The number of battery series groups detected by each battery pack management unit is N. BMU =V BMU总 / V 积木 , where V BMU总 For each battery pack management unit, the total voltage (V) of multiple battery groups connected in series is detected. 积木 The preset voltage for a single battery block;

[0019] The total number of battery building blocks in the energy storage system = N 并 N 串 , where N 并 N represents the number of parallel battery packs connected in series. 串 This represents the number of battery blocks currently in operation in the battery series assembly.

[0020] In one embodiment, the energy storage system further includes multiple battery pack management units, each of which is used to detect the temperature of battery modules within multiple series-connected battery groups. Determining the position of a battery module in the topology for a battery module whose temperature exceeds a preset value includes:

[0021] Identify the battery pack management unit corresponding to the battery block whose temperature exceeds the preset value;

[0022] The location of the battery block whose temperature exceeds the preset value is determined based on the location of the battery pack management unit.

[0023] In one embodiment, the fire suppression of battery blocks whose temperature exceeds a preset value based on their location includes:

[0024] A high-temperature alarm will be triggered when the temperature of the battery block exceeds the historical highest temperature of the battery block.

[0025] When the temperature of the battery block is higher than the highest historical temperature of the battery block, and the difference between the battery block temperature and the highest historical temperature of the battery block is greater than a preset threshold, a fire extinguisher is used to extinguish the fire.

[0026] In one embodiment, the battery block has heat dissipation holes, and the step of using a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire when the temperature of the battery block is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block and the historical highest temperature of the battery block is greater than a preset threshold, further includes:

[0027] If the temperature of the battery block is higher than the highest historical temperature of the battery block, and the difference between the battery block temperature and the highest historical temperature of the battery block is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration of the battery block temperature is greater than a preset time, the heat dissipation holes of the battery block are sealed with a heat insulation plate.

[0028] This application also provides a monitoring device for an energy storage system, wherein the monitoring device performs the monitoring method described above.

[0029] This application also provides an energy storage system, including the aforementioned monitoring device.

[0030] The monitoring method for the energy storage system provided by this invention can obtain the topology of the battery blocks in operation. At the same time, by detecting the temperature of the battery blocks in operation, the battery blocks can be located so as to handle fires in battery blocks whose temperature exceeds the preset value. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of the monitoring method for an energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A circuit connection diagram for forming a series battery group using battery building blocks in an energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A circuit connection diagram for forming another series battery group by connecting battery building blocks in the energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4A circuit connection diagram for forming another series battery group by connecting battery building blocks in the energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the battery blocks connected in series to form multiple battery series groups and the multiple battery series groups connected in parallel in the energy storage system provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 Another circuit connection diagram for the energy storage system provided by the present invention, in which battery building blocks are connected in series to form multiple battery series groups, and multiple battery series groups are connected in parallel.

[0038] Figure 7 (1) is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing the outer shell and back plate of the battery block;

[0039] Figure 7 (2) is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing multiple power interfaces and communication interfaces located in different positions of the battery block;

[0040] Figure 8 (1) is a schematic diagram of the interface switching between the battery pack management unit and one of the battery blocks in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing that the battery pack management unit is connected one-to-one through multiple switching switches and multiple power interfaces that are opposite to the battery blocks in different positions.

[0041] Figure 8(2) is a schematic diagram of the interface switching between the battery pack management unit and one of the battery blocks in the energy storage system provided by the present invention. It shows that the battery pack management unit is connected one-to-one through multiple switching switches and multiple power interfaces that are opposite to the battery blocks in different positions.

[0042] Figure 8 (3) is a schematic diagram of the interface switching between the battery pack management unit and one of the battery blocks in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing that the battery pack management unit is connected one by one through multiple switching switches and multiple communication interfaces that are opposite to the battery blocks in different directions.

[0043] Figure 9 A flowchart of the monitoring method for an energy storage system provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 (1) is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing multiple battery cells, a movable fire extinguisher and a fixed heat insulation board;

[0045] Figure 10 (2) is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery block in the energy storage system provided by the present invention, showing multiple battery cells and a movable heat insulation plate.

[0046] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0047] 12. Battery building blocks; 13. Battery cells; 21. Portable fire extinguisher; 22. Heat dissipation holes; 23. Fixed heat insulation board; 24. Portable heat insulation board; 30. Battery control unit

[0048] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0051] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0052] Currently, there are many types of energy storage systems, and the topology of the 12 battery modules inside is not well understood. The topology includes multiple parallel-connected series-connected battery groups, denoted as N. 并 Each battery series group consists of multiple series-connected operating battery blocks 12, the number of which is denoted as N. 串 Because the topology is unclear, targeted maintenance of the battery blocks is not possible, and it is difficult to deal with a fire involving the battery blocks in a timely manner.

[0053] The energy storage system includes multiple operating battery modules 12. This application provides a monitoring method for the energy storage system, referring to... Figure 1 This includes the following steps:

[0054] S10 identifies the topology composed of multiple running battery blocks 12;

[0055] S20 monitors the temperature of all running battery blocks 12;

[0056] S30 determines whether the temperature of all running battery blocks 12 exceeds the preset value;

[0057] S40, for battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value, determine the position of battery block 12 in the topology to obtain the actual physical position of battery block 12;

[0058] S50, fire suppression is carried out based on the actual physical location of battery block 12.

[0059] In step S10, the identification of the topology composed of multiple operating battery blocks 12 is achieved by setting up monitoring devices such as a Battery Control Unit (BCU) and multiple Battery Management Units (BMU) in the energy storage system. The topology identification can be achieved by setting up the following settings.

[0060] The battery control unit 30 is connected to the DC-side power output terminal of the DC-side power output circuit of the battery series group to detect the voltage of the entire battery series group. The number of operating battery blocks 12 connected in series is obtained by comparing the total voltage of the battery series group with the voltage of the preset battery blocks 12.

[0061] The battery pack management unit can connect to multiple battery series groups to monitor them. Multiple battery pack management units can monitor all battery series groups in the energy storage system. Each battery pack management unit connects to the monitoring interface T of each battery module 12 in the battery series group to detect data such as voltage and temperature. The total voltage of the multiple battery series groups is calculated by summing the voltages of each group. The number of battery series groups monitored by the battery pack management unit is obtained by comparing the total voltage of the multiple battery series groups with the preset voltage of a single battery module 12. The battery pack management unit can transmit the temperature data of the battery module 12 to the battery control unit 30, which then determines whether the temperature of all operating battery modules 12 exceeds a preset value.

[0062] The number of parallel battery series groups can be obtained by acquiring the total voltage of multiple battery series groups, combining the number of preset battery pack management units, the number of series-connected running battery blocks 12 calculated above, and the number of battery series groups detected by the battery pack management unit.

[0063] The specific calculation principle for the number of parallel battery series groups is as follows: The number of all operating battery blocks 12 can be calculated by multiplying it by the number of battery series groups detected by each battery pack management unit. The number of all operating battery blocks 12 can also be calculated by multiplying the number of parallel battery series groups by the number of operating battery blocks 12 within each battery series group. Therefore, the number of parallel battery series groups can be calculated.

[0064] Step S40: The location of the battery block 12 can be determined by addressing the battery pack management unit. Addressing the battery pack management unit determines the location of each unit. For a battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds a preset value, the address of the corresponding detected battery pack management unit can be obtained. Combined with the physical address of the battery block 12 detected by the battery pack management unit, the physical address of the battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value can be obtained.

[0065] The fire handling in step S50 includes high temperature warning and fire extinguishing. Fire can be extinguished using a fixed fire extinguisher placed in the middle area of ​​the top of the battery block 12 cavity. Referring to Figure 10 (2), fire can be extinguished using a movable fire extinguisher 21 that can move on top of the battery block cavity. Furthermore, referring to Figures 7 (1) and 7 (2), fire handling can also be achieved by sealing the heat dissipation holes 22 of the battery block with a movable heat insulation plate to prevent flames from spreading to other battery blocks through the heat dissipation holes 22, causing a chain reaction of fires in adjacent battery blocks, and reducing the oxygen supply inside the battery block to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguisher.

[0066] The monitoring method for the energy storage system provided by this invention can obtain the topology of the battery blocks in operation. At the same time, by detecting the temperature of the battery blocks in operation, the battery blocks can be located so as to handle fires in battery blocks whose temperature exceeds the preset value.

[0067] Reference Figures 2 to 4 This shows battery series groups with different circuit connection shapes.

[0068] Reference Figure 2Multiple battery blocks 12 are stacked vertically, with their positive and negative terminals connected one-to-one along the vertical direction to achieve series connection of the batteries and ensure the total voltage of the energy storage system reaches the target value. When the DC-side power output circuit is closed, the multiple battery blocks 12 can charge or discharge; when the DC-side power output circuit is open, the multiple battery blocks 12 stop charging or discharging. The DC-side power output circuit refers to the line that outputs electrical energy from the multiple battery blocks 12 to the load.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 Multiple battery blocks 12 are arranged in the left-right direction, and the positive and negative terminals of adjacent battery blocks 12 are connected one-to-one in the left-right direction to realize the serial connection of batteries and the total voltage of the energy storage system to reach the target value.

[0070] Reference Figure 4 The battery blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The positive terminal of the battery block 12 is connected to the negative terminal of the nearest battery block 12 connected in series in a serpentine manner, and the negative terminal of the battery block 12 is connected to the positive terminal of the nearest battery block 12 connected in series in a serpentine manner, so that the total voltage of the energy storage system reaches the target value.

[0071] Reference Figure 5 The diagram shows a circuit connection diagram of multiple battery series groups connected in parallel. The battery building blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The positive terminals of adjacent battery building blocks 12 are connected accordingly, and the negative terminals of adjacent battery building blocks 12 are connected accordingly, so that the total capacity of the energy storage system reaches the target value.

[0072] Reference Figure 6 This diagram illustrates another circuit connection formed by multiple battery series groups connected in parallel. The battery building blocks 12 of the energy storage system are arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The energy storage system includes 3 parallel battery series groups. Each battery series group includes 3 battery building blocks 12 connected in series in the vertical direction. Every two adjacent battery building blocks 12 connected in series are connected through the positive and negative terminals respectively. The battery building blocks 12 in the top row are connected through the positive terminals respectively, so that the voltage and capacity of the energy storage system can reach the preset values, solving the problem of limited physical space in the energy storage system.

[0073] When the DC-side power output circuit is closed, the battery series group can be charged or discharged; when the DC-side power output circuit is open, the battery series group stops charging or discharging. The DC-side power output circuit refers to the line that outputs electrical energy from the battery series group to the load.

[0074] S10, Identifying the topology includes the following steps:

[0075] S11, Calculate the number of running battery blocks 12 connected in series in the battery series group;

[0076] S12, calculate the number of parallel battery series groups in the topology;

[0077] S13, the topology is determined based on the number of operating battery blocks 12 connected in series in the battery series group and the number of battery series groups connected in parallel in the topology. The calculation process is explained in detail below.

[0078] S11, the number of operating battery blocks 12 connected in series in the battery series group is calculated by the ratio of the total voltage of the battery series group to the voltage of the preset battery block 12.

[0079] Since each battery series group consists of multiple battery blocks 12 connected in series, the number N of battery blocks 12 connected in series in each battery series group can be calculated. 串 =V out / V 积木 (1)

[0080] Among them, V out The total voltage of a single battery series group can be detected by the Battery Control Unit (BCU). The BCU can detect the voltage of the entire battery series group using the DC-side power output terminal of the DC-side power output circuit of the battery series group. 积木 The voltage of a single battery block 12 is preset.

[0081] S12, the number of parallel battery series groups in the topology is calculated using the following formula:

[0082] The Battery Management Unit (BMU) is used to detect the total voltage of multiple battery packs connected in series, denoted as V. BMU总 The number N of battery series groups detected by the battery pack management unit. BMU =V BMU总 / V 积木 (2)

[0083] Among them, V 积木 The voltage of a single battery block 12 is preset.

[0084] In the energy storage system, all operating battery blocks 12 are detected by multiple battery pack management units. Therefore, the total number of operating battery blocks 12 in the energy storage system is N. BMU总 N BMU (3)

[0085] Where, NBMU总 To preset the number of battery pack management units, N BMU The number of battery series groups detected for each battery pack management unit.

[0086] The total number of battery blocks 12 currently in operation in the energy storage system = N 并 N 串 (4)

[0087] Where, N 并 N represents the number of parallel battery packs connected in series. 串 This represents the number of battery blocks 12 currently in operation in the battery series assembly.

[0088] Combining formulas (1) to (4), the number N of parallel battery series groups can be obtained. 并 .

[0089] In the embodiments of this application, the total capacity Q of the battery series group can be calculated using the following formula:

[0090] The total capacity of the battery series group is Q=V out C 积木 (5)

[0091] Among them, V out The total voltage of a single battery group connected in series can be detected by the battery control unit 30, C. 积木 The capacity of a single battery block 12 is preset.

[0092] S20, monitoring the temperature of all operating battery blocks 12, including the battery pack management unit monitoring the temperature of battery blocks 12 in multiple battery series groups.

[0093] S30 checks whether the temperature of all running battery blocks 12 exceeds the preset value.

[0094] S40, for battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value, determining the position of battery block 12 in the topology includes:

[0095] Identify the battery pack management unit corresponding to battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value;

[0096] The location of battery block 12 with a temperature exceeding the preset value is determined based on the location of the battery pack management unit.

[0097] The location of the battery pack management unit can be determined by addressing the battery pack management unit. For example, the battery control unit 30 issues power-on commands to the battery pack management unit in stages, and the power supply signals of the battery control unit 30 and the battery pack management unit are connected in a predetermined order. The predetermined order can be from left to right or from top to bottom, etc. Multiple battery pack management units are powered on and addressed sequentially in the predetermined order until all battery pack management units are addressed. By addressing the battery pack management units, it is easy to find the location of the battery pack management unit corresponding to the battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the battery block 12 that exceeds the preset value.

[0098] S50, for battery block 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value, fire handling is performed according to the location of battery block 12, including:

[0099] A high-temperature alarm will be triggered when the temperature of battery block 12 exceeds the highest historical temperature of battery block 12.

[0100] When the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the highest historical temperature of battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of battery block 12 and the highest historical temperature of battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, a fire extinguisher is used to extinguish the fire.

[0101] In the embodiments of this application, the high-temperature alarm when the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 further includes: when the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is not greater than a preset threshold, and the duration for which the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is T1, and T1 is greater than the preset duration t1, a high-temperature alarm is triggered. The preset threshold can be 3 to 5 degrees Celsius.

[0102] In the embodiments of this application, when the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, extinguishing the fire with a fire extinguisher specifically includes: when the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration for which the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of battery block 12 is T2, and T2 is greater than a preset duration t2, then extinguishing the fire with a fire extinguisher. The preset threshold can be 3 to 5 degrees Celsius.

[0103] In one example, T2 is less than T1, indicating that the judgment and response time for timely fire extinguishing is less than the judgment and response time required to trigger a high-temperature warning.

[0104] The battery block 12 has heat dissipation holes 22. When the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, the use of a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire also includes:

[0105] When the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the highest historical temperature of battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of battery block 12 and the highest historical temperature of battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration of the temperature of battery block 12 is greater than the preset time t3, the heat dissipation holes 22 of battery block 12 are sealed with a heat insulation plate.

[0106] Overheating of battery block 12 can lead to thermal runaway. Thermal runaway refers to a chain reaction of fires and explosions occurring within a short period of time among multiple battery blocks 12. By sealing the heat dissipation holes 22 of battery block 12 with a heat insulation plate, the spread of flames through the heat dissipation holes 22 to other battery blocks 12 can be prevented, thus avoiding a chain reaction of fires in adjacent battery blocks 12. Additionally, the oxygen supply inside the battery blocks 12 can be reduced to improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of the fire extinguisher.

[0107] In the embodiments of this application, the battery control unit 30 issues power-on commands to the battery pack management unit in stages for addressing the battery pack management unit. After addressing is completed, it is determined whether the communication between the battery control unit 30 and each battery pack management unit is normal. After confirming that the communication is normal, the topology structure composed of multiple running battery blocks 12 is identified, corresponding to... Figure 9 The identification and combination steps are as follows: The temperature of all operating battery blocks 12 is checked to see if it exceeds a preset value; for battery blocks 12 whose temperature exceeds the preset value, their positions in the topology are determined to obtain their actual physical locations; fire handling is then performed based on the actual physical locations of the battery blocks 12, corresponding to... Figure 9 The self-protection steps include fire extinguisher activation and high-temperature risk alarm. For battery block 12 whose temperature does not exceed the preset value, normal charging or discharging steps are performed, corresponding to... Figure 9 The normal operating procedures.

[0108] This application also provides a monitoring device for an energy storage system, which performs the monitoring method described above.

[0109] The monitoring device includes a battery control unit 30 and multiple battery pack management units.

[0110] The battery pack management unit is electrically connected to multiple battery series groups and monitors basic parameters of the battery series groups, such as voltage, current, and temperature. The battery pack management unit collects the temperature data of the battery blocks 12 in the battery series groups and uploads it to the battery control unit 30.

[0111] The battery control unit 30 receives basic parameters of the corresponding battery series groups, such as voltage, current, and temperature, from multiple battery pack management units via a CAN bus. Based on these basic parameters, the battery control unit 30 can execute control strategies for the battery series groups. For example, it can control the charging and discharging process of the battery series groups, including adjusting the charging current and voltage, and setting the discharge cutoff voltage. The battery control unit 30 can also determine if a fire has occurred based on the temperature of the battery block 12; if so, it will control the fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

[0112] This application also provides an energy storage system, including the aforementioned monitoring device and multiple parallel battery series groups, each battery series group including multiple battery modules 12 connected in series. The monitoring device includes the aforementioned battery control unit 30 and multiple battery pack management units, and the monitoring device is capable of performing the aforementioned monitoring method.

[0113] The structure and interfaces of the battery block 12 are explained in detail below. Figure 7 (1) shows the outer shell and back plate of the battery block, and the back plate is provided with heat dissipation holes 22; Figure 7 (2) shows multiple power interfaces and communication interfaces located in different positions of the battery block, wherein the power interface in Figure 7 (2) includes B 左+ B 上+ B 右+ B 下+ B 左- B 上- B 右- B 下- Communication interfaces include T 左 T 上 T 右 T 下 .

[0114] The following explains in detail the interface connection method between the battery block 12 and the battery pack management unit. Figure 8 (1) shows that the battery pack management unit is connected one-to-one through multiple switching switches and multiple power interfaces that are opposite to the battery block in different positions; wherein, the switching switches include K +上1 K +上2 K +下1 K +下2 K +左1 K +左2 K +右1 K +右2 The power interface includes B. +上1 B +上2 B +下1 B +下2 B +左1 B +左2 B +右1 B +右2;8(2) shows that the battery pack management unit is connected one-to-one with multiple switching switches and multiple power interfaces that are opposite to the battery building blocks in different positions, wherein the switching switches include K -上1 K -上2 K -下1 K -下2 K -左1 K -左2 K -右1 K -右2 The power interface includes B. -上1 B -上2 B -下1 B -下2 B -左1 B -左2 B -右1 B -右2 Figure 8 (3) shows that the battery pack management unit is connected one-to-one with multiple switching switches and multiple communication interfaces that are opposite to the battery building blocks in different positions. Among them, the switching switches include T1 上 T1 下 T1 左 T1 右 The communication interface includes T 上 T 下 T 左 T 右 .

[0115] The following explains the structure of Battery Block 12 and the installation location of the fire extinguisher.

[0116] Referring to Figures 10(1) and 10(2), the battery block has a cavity structure. Multiple battery cells 13 and a fire extinguisher for handling fires of battery cells 13 are installed inside the cavity structure of the battery block.

[0117] The fire extinguisher can be a spray fire extinguisher, which sprays flame retardant material to cover and fill the cavity of the entire battery block 12 to extinguish the flames of the battery cell 13 and the battery block 12 and control the spread of fire.

[0118] The fire extinguisher includes a fixed fire extinguisher and a portable fire extinguisher 21, as well as a spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism (not shown), which is used to drive the portable fire extinguisher 21. Figure 10 (1) shows multiple battery cells 13 and the portable fire extinguisher 21; Figure 10 (2) shows multiple battery cells 13.

[0119] In one embodiment, a fixed fire extinguisher is placed in the middle area of ​​the top of the battery block cavity. When the temperature of the battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of the battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of the battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, the fixed fire extinguisher is used to extinguish the fire.

[0120] In one embodiment, when the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of battery block 12, and the difference between the temperature of battery block 12 and the historical highest temperature of battery block 12 is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration for which the temperature of battery block 12 is higher than the historical highest temperature of battery block 12 is T2, and T2 is greater than a preset duration t2, a portable fire extinguisher 21 is used to extinguish the fire. The portable fire extinguisher 21 can be used in conjunction with a fixed fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire.

[0121] The spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism is connected to the battery control unit 30 and is used to receive control signals issued by the battery control unit 30. The control signals are used to control the spray fire extinguisher drive mechanism to drive the movable fire extinguisher 21 to move on the top of the cavity of the battery block 12.

[0122] In one embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 can be the battery core temperature. In another embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 is the ambient temperature inside the cavity of the battery block 12. In yet another embodiment, the temperature of the battery block 12 includes both the battery core temperature and the ambient temperature inside the cavity of the battery block 12.

[0123] The following is a detailed analysis of the fixed heat insulation board 23 and the movable heat insulation board 24. The fixed heat insulation board 23 is shown in Figure 10 (1); the movable heat insulation board 24 is shown in Figure 10 (2).

[0124] The battery block 12 has heat dissipation holes 22. The battery block 12 is equipped with a movable heat insulation plate 24 and a heat insulation plate driving mechanism (not shown). The heat insulation plate driving mechanism drives the movable heat insulation plate 24 and is connected to the battery control unit 30. The driving mechanism receives control signals from the battery control unit 30 to control the heat insulation plate driving mechanism to drive the movable heat insulation plate 24 to block the heat dissipation holes 22, preventing flames from spreading to other battery blocks 12 through the heat dissipation holes 22, and reducing oxygen supply to accelerate fire extinguishing. The heat insulation plate driving mechanism can be a moving guide rail, a robotic arm, or other device that can move the movable heat insulation plate 24.

[0125] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring method for an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising multiple operating battery modules, characterized in that, The monitoring method includes the following steps: Identify the topology of the battery block connections to be determined, which consists of the plurality of running battery blocks; the topology includes multiple battery series groups connected in parallel, and each battery series group includes multiple running battery blocks connected in series; identifying the topology includes the following steps: Calculate the number of operating battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group; the number of operating battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group is obtained by the ratio of the total voltage of the battery series group to the voltage of a preset battery block; Calculate the number of parallel battery series groups in the topology; the number of parallel battery series groups in the topology is obtained by calculating the total number of battery blocks in the energy storage system; The topology is determined based on the number of operating battery blocks connected in series in the battery series group and the number of battery series groups connected in parallel in the topology. Monitor the temperature of all running battery blocks; Determine whether the temperature of all the operating battery blocks exceeds a preset value; For battery blocks whose temperature exceeds a preset value, determine the position of the battery block in the topology to obtain the actual physical position of the battery block; Fire suppression should be carried out based on the actual physical location of the battery blocks.

2. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes a battery control unit and multiple battery pack management units. The battery control unit is used to detect the total voltage of a single battery series group; each battery pack management unit is used to detect the total voltage of multiple battery series groups. The number of parallel battery series groups in the calculation topology is obtained by the following formula: The total number of battery building blocks in the energy storage system = N BMU总 N BMU , where N BMU总 To preset the number of battery pack management units, N BMU The number of battery series groups detected for each battery pack management unit; The number of battery series groups detected by each battery pack management unit is N. BMU =V BMU总 / V 积木 , where V BMU总 For each battery pack management unit, the total voltage (V) of multiple battery groups connected in series is detected. 积木 The preset voltage for a single battery block; The total number of battery building blocks in the energy storage system = N 并 N 串 , where N 并 N represents the number of parallel battery packs connected in series. 串 This represents the number of battery blocks currently in operation in the battery series assembly.

3. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes multiple battery pack management units, each of which is used to detect the temperature of battery modules within multiple series-connected battery groups. For battery modules whose temperature exceeds a preset value, determining the position of the battery module within the topology includes: Identify the battery pack management unit corresponding to the battery block whose temperature exceeds the preset value; The location of the battery block whose temperature exceeds the preset value is determined based on the location of the battery pack management unit.

4. The monitoring method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fire handling of battery blocks whose temperature exceeds the preset value, based on their location, includes: A high-temperature alarm will be triggered when the temperature of the battery block exceeds the historical highest temperature of the battery block. When the temperature of the battery block is higher than the highest historical temperature of the battery block, and the difference between the battery block temperature and the highest historical temperature of the battery block is greater than a preset threshold, a fire extinguisher is used to extinguish the fire.

5. The monitoring method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The battery block has heat dissipation holes. The step of using a fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire when the battery block temperature is higher than the historical highest battery block temperature, and the difference between the battery block temperature and the historical highest battery block temperature is greater than a preset threshold, further includes: If the temperature of the battery block is higher than the highest historical temperature of the battery block, and the difference between the battery block temperature and the highest historical temperature of the battery block is greater than a preset threshold, and the duration of the battery block temperature is greater than a preset time, the heat dissipation holes of the battery block are sealed with a heat insulation plate.

6. A monitoring device for an energy storage system, characterized in that, The monitoring device of the energy storage system performs the monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the monitoring device as described in claim 6.

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