Method for effectively improving main economic traits of camellia oleifera fruits
By applying paclobutrazol solution during the spring shoot emergence of Camellia oleifera, the problems of low fruit yield, low oil yield, and low squalene content were solved, resulting in a high-efficiency increase in fruit yield and improved oil quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are difficult to effectively increase the yield, oil production, and content of physiologically active ingredients, especially squalene, in camellia fruit, and the operation is complex and costly.
When the tea tree sprouts new shoots in spring, apply paclobutrazol solution to the tea tree plants in a ring trench. The concentration is 0.2-0.6 g/L, and the application rate is 4-6L per tea tree. The application time is from late March to early April.
It significantly increases the yield, oil production, and content of physiologically active ingredients in camellia oleifera fruits, especially squalene. The operation is simple and applicable to different camellia oleifera varieties, resulting in high economic benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN121647136A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of camellia oleifera cultivation technology, and in particular relates to a method for effectively improving the main economic traits of camellia oleifera fruits. Background Technology
[0002] Camellia oleifera ( Camellia oleifera Camellia oleifera (Abel.) is an evergreen small tree or shrub belonging to the genus Camellia in the family Theaceae. It is an important woody oilseed tree species with economic, social, and ecological value. The seeds of Camellia oleifera are used to extract tea oil. Tea oil contains unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid, as well as physiologically active components such as squalene, which are highly beneficial to human health. In recent years, the Camellia oleifera industry has developed rapidly, but problems such as low yield and inconsistent quality are prominent, seriously hindering the high-quality development of the industry.
[0003] Currently, the main methods to increase the yield, oil production, and content of physiologically active ingredients in Camellia oleifera are: (1) cultivating or selecting Camellia oleifera varieties that meet the corresponding objectives; and (2) using cultivation management and other measures to achieve the goals of increasing yield, oil production, or increasing the content of physiologically active ingredients. The selection of target varieties has always been valued by researchers, and several high-yielding Camellia oleifera varieties have been selected. However, there are currently few methods to effectively increase the yield, oil production, and content of physiologically active ingredients in existing Camellia oleifera varieties in production, especially the application of artificial regulators, which remains a major goal and technical challenge in Camellia oleifera cultivation and breeding. In addition, Camellia oil contains physiologically active ingredients with health-promoting functions, such as squalene, but current methods cannot effectively increase the squalene content in Camellia oleifera kernels. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects mentioned in the background art above, and to provide a simple and effective method for improving the oil content and squalene content of Camellia oleifera fruit at maturity, as well as other economic traits. This method can simultaneously increase the yield and oil production of Camellia oleifera fruit, and improve the nutritional quality of the oil.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows: A method for effectively improving the main economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit includes the following steps: applying paclobutrazol solution to the Camellia oleifera plant in a ring trench during the spring shoot emergence period, wherein the concentration of the paclobutrazol solution is 0.2-0.6 g / L.
[0006] Furthermore, in the above method, the paclobutrazol solution is applied from late March to early April.
[0007] Furthermore, the application rate of the paclobutrazol solution is 4-6 L per camellia tree.
[0008] Furthermore, the camellia oleifera plant is of the variety ASUS or ASUS.
[0009] Furthermore, the method can improve at least one of the following economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit: single fruit weight, fresh seed weight, dry kernel weight, fresh seed yield, kernel oil content, fresh fruit oil content, relative content of oleic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids in the oil, and kernel squalene content.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) In view of the problem of low yield and oil production in the cultivation and breeding of Camellia oleifera, this invention proposes to improve the economic traits and oil production efficiency of Camellia oleifera fruit by applying paclobutrazol (also known as chlorbutrazol). The method uses paclobutrazol at a concentration of 0.2-0.6 g / L as a plant growth regulator and applies it in a ring trench when the shoots emerge in spring. This can promote the growth and development of fruit and accelerate oil synthesis throughout the year, thereby effectively increasing the yield of Camellia oleifera and the oil content of the kernel.
[0011] (2) This method is simple to operate, low in cost and applicable to different camellia varieties. It can not only significantly increase oil production and unsaturated fatty acid accumulation, but also increase the content of physiologically active substances such as squalene. It has high application value and economic benefits while improving the quality of oil. Attached Figure Description
[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0013] Figure 1 These are top views and cross-sectional views of the fruits of two Camellia oleifera varieties after paclobutrazol treatment in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 These are field photos of two camellia oleifera varieties treated with paclobutrazol in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0014] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
[0015] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0016] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.
[0017] Example: A method for effectively improving the main economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit includes the following steps: from late March to early April, when Camellia oleifera is sprouting new shoots in spring, paclobutrazol solution is applied to the Camellia oleifera plants in a ring trench, wherein the concentration of the paclobutrazol solution is 0.2-0.6 g / L, and 4-6 L is applied to each Camellia oleifera tree.
[0018] To verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following experiments were conducted: (1) Test materials The test materials were two common camellia oleifera varieties that were 15 years old. Variety 1 was Huashuo and variety 2 was Huajin. The test site was the Large Fruit Camellia Oleifera Technology Integration Demonstration Park in Yangjiaping Village, Chating Town, Wangcheng District, Changsha City, Hunan Province.
[0019] (2) Experimental design This experiment employed a randomized block design with three treatments: paclobutrazol concentrations of 0.2, 0.6, and 1.0 g / L, and a control group of 0 g / L water. Ten trees were treated per treatment. At the end of March, the solution was applied via a ring trench, and the trees were immediately covered with soil after infiltration. Each tree was then irrigated with 5 L of the treatment solution. This was a field trial, with sampling conducted three times at different stages of fruit oil accumulation. Sampling was performed on the upper and middle parts of each tree. Fruits were randomly selected and individually packaged according to treatment and tree number, and immediately transported to the laboratory for analysis.
[0020] (3) Test results 1) Effects of paclobutrazol on the economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit Paclobutrazol had no significant effect on the transverse diameter of Camellia oleifera cultivar 1 fruits, but it significantly affected the longitudinal diameter and single fruit weight. On October 30th, the longitudinal diameter and single fruit weight of fruits treated with 0.6 g / L paclobutrazol were significantly increased, by 10.32% and 29.87% respectively compared to the control group. On October 30th, the weight of fresh seeds, the weight of dry seeds, the weight of dry kernels, and the fresh seed yield were significantly improved after treatment with 0.2 and 0.6 g / L paclobutrazol, with the 0.6 g / L treatment showing the best effect, increasing by 44.37%, 26.31%, 34.42%, and 11.14% respectively compared to the control group (Table 1). Figure 1 Camellia oleifera variety 1 treated with paclobutrazol was observed on-site. Figure 2 .
[0021] Table 1. Effects of paclobutrazol on the economic traits of common camellia oleifera variety 1
[0022] Paclobutrazol significantly affected the transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, and single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera cultivar 2. On October 30th, the transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, and single fruit weight of fruits treated with 0.2 g / L paclobutrazol were significantly higher than those of the control group, increasing by 9.16%, 11.89%, and 28.24%, respectively. Paclobutrazol treatment improved the fresh seed weight, dry seed weight, dry kernel weight, fresh seed yield, and dry kernel yield of Camellia oleifera cultivar 2 fruits. Among these, the 0.2 g / L paclobutrazol treatment showed the most significant improvement on October 30th, significantly increasing by 44.50%, 41.65%, 51.71%, 12.72%, and 7.28% compared to the control group, respectively (Table 2). Figure 1 Camellia oleifera variety 1 treated with paclobutrazol was observed on-site. Figure 2 .
[0023] Table 2. Effects of paclobutrazol on the economic traits of common camellia oleifera variety 2
[0024] 2) Effect of paclobutrazol on oil content of Camellia oleifera fruit In the later stages of fruit ripening in Camellia oleifera, paclobutrazol treatment accelerated oil synthesis and accumulation. On October 30th, 0.6 g / L paclobutrazol significantly increased the oil content of kernels and fresh fruits of Camellia oleifera variety 1 by 14.17% and 35.56%, respectively, compared to the control group; while 0.2 g / L paclobutrazol significantly increased the oil content of kernels and fresh fruits of Camellia oleifera variety 2 by 15.32% and 34.03%, respectively, compared to the control group (Table 3).
[0025] Table 3. Effect of paclobutrazol on oil content of common camellia oleifera
[0026] 3) Effect of paclobutrazol on fatty acid content of camellia oil Paclobutrazol treatment significantly increased the relative oleic acid content of oils from Camellia oleifera in the later stages of ripening. On October 30th, 0.6 g / L paclobutrazol increased the relative oleic acid content of oil from variety 1 by 2.82% compared to the control group, reaching 83.95%, while 0.2 g / L paclobutrazol increased the relative oleic acid content of oil from variety 2 by 0.34% compared to the control group. Paclobutrazol treatment also increased the relative content of total unsaturated fatty acids in the oils of mature fruits. On October 30th, the total unsaturated fatty acid content of varieties 1 and 2 increased by 0.23%-0.66% and 0.06%-0.23%, respectively (Table 4).
[0027] Table 4. Effects of paclobutrazol on the relative fatty acid content of common camellia oil.
[0028] 4) Effect of paclobutrazol on squalene content in Camellia oleifera seed kernels Paclobutrazol treatment significantly increased the squalene content in mature Camellia oleifera kernels. 0.2–0.6 g / L paclobutrazol increased the squalene content in the kernels of varieties 1 and 2 by 36.21%–40.45% and 34.98%–79.85%, respectively (Table 5).
[0029] Table 5. Effects of paclobutrazol on squalene content in Camellia oleifera seed kernels.
Claims
1. A method for effectively improving the main economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: When the tea oleifera plant sprouts in spring, apply paclobutrazol solution to the plant in a ring trench, with a concentration of 0.2-0.6 g / L.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The paclobutrazol solution was to be applied from late March to early April.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application rate of the paclobutrazol solution is 4-6 L per camellia tree.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The camellia oleifera plant mentioned is of the variety Huashuo or Huajin.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method can improve at least one of the following economic traits of Camellia oleifera fruit: single fruit weight, fresh seed weight, dry kernel weight, fresh seed yield, kernel oil content, fresh fruit oil content, relative content of oleic acid and total unsaturated fatty acids in the oil, and kernel squalene content.