Full-automatic optometry equipment and optometry method

Abstract

The invention discloses full-automatic optometry equipment and an optometry method, and relates to the technical field of optometry equipment. The device comprises an optometry unit, the optometry unit is connected with a measuring frame, the optometry unit is connected with an orientation adjusting mechanism, the orientation adjusting mechanism is connected with a comprehensive optometry unit and an optical rack, the orientation adjusting mechanism comprises a motor connected with the optometry unit, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a first gear through a sliding key, and the output shaft of the motor is connected with a second gear through a sliding key. And the optometry unit is connected with a translation frame. The first gear and the second gear are in meshing transmission, the first sleeve, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve are used for driving the second rotating shaft to rotate, then the switching arm and the comprehensive optometry unit and the optical rack on the switching arm are driven to rotate, optical path switching of the comprehensive optometry unit and the optical rack is achieved under the condition that a benchmark is not moved, two sets of optical paths share one measuring frame, and the measuring accuracy is improved. Therefore, the optical center coincides with the pupil center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optometry equipment technology, and in particular relates to a fully automatic optometry device and optometry method. Background Technology

[0002] A fully automated refractometer is a device that automatically measures the refractive state of the eye using infrared light sources, optical imaging, and computer algorithms. It can quickly output parameters such as myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, axis, and pupillary distance, providing basic data for glasses prescription or vision correction. Its core technology replaces traditional manual retinoscopy, achieving objective and digital testing, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of refraction.

[0003] Patent document CN109091104B discloses a fully automatic integrated optometry device and its optometry method, which combines the functions of a comprehensive optometry device and an optometry device, and has the functions of both an optometry device and a comprehensive optometry device. It has low site requirements, is simple to operate, and is easy to carry and can be placed on a mobile optometry vehicle. The entire optometry process is automatically completed under system control, which reduces the technical requirements for operators and reduces the inspection time.

[0004] The refractometer and the phoropter move independently, and the two optical systems are not coaxial. After the initial refraction, when the phoropter moves to the refraction position, it cannot be ensured that the optical center of the phoropter's optical system coincides with the pupil center. Subsequent measurements of "red-green balance" and "astigmatism axis" may be based on an incorrect reference, leading to misjudgment of the astigmatism axis and ultimately resulting in an unsuitable prescription. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automatic optometry device and method. By using a switching arm, the refractometer and optical frame share a single lifting and translation mechanism, locking the two optical systems onto the same mechanical axis. Without moving the reference, the optical paths of the refractometer and optical frame are switched, allowing the two optical paths to share a single measurement frame. This ensures that the refractometer and optical frame always measure based on the same reference visual axis, guaranteeing that the optical center coincides with the pupil center. This completely solves the problem of zero-position drift caused by non-coaxiality and resolves existing issues.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fully automatic optometry device, including an optometer connected to a measuring frame, an orientation adjustment mechanism connected to the optometer, and an integrated optometer and an optical frame connected to the orientation adjustment mechanism.

[0007] The orientation adjustment mechanism includes a motor connected to the refractometer. The output shaft of the motor is connected to a gear 1 via a sliding key. The refractometer is connected to a translation frame. The translation frame is connected to a lifting frame. The lifting frame is connected to a rotation switching assembly. The rotation switching assembly includes a rotating shaft 2 rotatably connected to the lifting frame. A switching arm is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 2. The switching arm has an L-shaped structure. One end of the switching arm extends through to the outside of the refractometer and is connected to the comprehensive refractometer. The other end is connected to the optical frame.

[0008] The inner cavity of the optometry instrument is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft one, which is connected to a rotating shaft two in a transmission manner. The rotating shaft one is fixedly installed with a gear two that meshes with a gear one. The rotating shaft one is driven to rotate by a motor, which causes the rotating shaft two to drive the switching arm to rotate, so as to switch the corresponding positions of the comprehensive optometry instrument and the optical frame with the measurement frame, and realize that the two optical paths share a measurement frame.

[0009] The optometer has a clearance groove corresponding to the position of the switching arm to avoid interference between the switching arm and the optometer when the switching arm rotates.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching arm is connected to a limit rod, and the lifting frame is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped frame, which is adapted to the limit rod. Through the cooperation of the limit rod and the arc-shaped frame, the rotation position of the switching arm is limited.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a ratchet is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and a stop pawl and an elastic element are provided in the inner cavity of the optometer. The stop pawl and the elastic element abut against each other. Through the cooperation of the stop pawl and the ratchet, the rotating shaft can only rotate in a single direction.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optometry instrument is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts three, and the two rotating shafts three are connected by transmission. The translation frame is rotatably connected to two lead screws two, and the rotating shafts three are connected by transmission to the lead screws two. The lead screws two are threadedly engaged with the lifting frame, and the lifting frame is slidably connected to the translation frame. One of the rotating shafts three is fixedly installed with a gear four that meshes with a gear one. The lead screw two is driven to rotate by a motor, so that the lifting frame moves up and down, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the comprehensive optometry instrument and the optical frame.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting frame is rotatably connected to a spline sleeve, and the spline sleeve is driven to the second rotating shaft. The translation frame is rotatably connected to a spline shaft that cooperates with the spline sleeve. The spline shaft is driven to the first rotating shaft, so that the first rotating shaft drives the second rotating shaft to rotate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the translation frame is slidably connected to the optometry instrument, and the optometry instrument is rotatably connected to a lead screw, which is threadedly engaged with the translation frame. A gear three meshing with a gear is fixedly installed on the lead screw. The lead screw is driven to rotate by a motor, causing the translation frame to move left and right, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the comprehensive optometry instrument and the optical frame. The translation frame is rotatably connected to two sleeves (two second sleeves) and one sleeve (one sleeve). The two sleeves (two second sleeves) are respectively connected to two rotating shafts (three third sleeves) via sliding keys, and the sleeve (one sleeve) is connected to the rotating shaft (one rotating shaft) via a sliding key. The sleeves (two second sleeves) are drive-connected to the lead screw (two second sleeves), and the sleeve (one sleeve) is drive-connected to the splined shaft. When the translation frame moves horizontally, it drives the sleeves (two second sleeves) and the sleeve (one sleeve) to move axially along the rotating shafts (three third sleeves) and (one rotating shaft).

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optometer is slidably connected to a wedge block, the optometer is connected to a rotating shaft seven, and the lower end of the rotating shaft seven abuts against the wedge block. The rotating shaft seven is fixedly connected to a chin rest. The inner cavity of the optometer is rotatably connected to a lead screw three, which is threadedly engaged with the wedge block. A spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft seven, and the spring is located in the inner cavity of the optometer, so that the lower end of the rotating shaft seven is tightly pressed against the wedge block. The optometer is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft five and a rotating shaft six, and the rotating shaft five passes through a translation frame. A gear six that meshes with a gear one is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft five. The rotating shaft six is ​​connected to the rotating shaft five and the lead screw three respectively. The motor drives the lead screw three to rotate, so that the wedge block moves back and forth, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the chin rest.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optometer is rotatably connected to a bidirectional lead screw, which is threadedly connected to two lateral support frames, and the lateral support frames are slidably connected to the optometer; the optometer is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft four, which is driven by the bidirectional lead screw, and the two lateral support frames are symmetrically distributed relative to the rotating shaft four. The rotating shaft four is fixedly equipped with a gear five that meshes with a gear one. The bidirectional lead screw is driven to rotate by a motor to adjust the distance between the two lateral support frames, thereby adapting to the head positioning of people with different head circumferences.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optometer is fixedly equipped with a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod extends into the interior of the optometer and is fixedly equipped with a bearing frame, and the bearing frame is slidably connected to the optometer. The bearing frame is rotatably connected to gear one, and the telescopic rod pushes gear one to move axially, thereby realizing the power switching between rotating shaft one, rotating shaft three, lead screw one, rotating shaft five, and rotating shaft four.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a refraction method for a fully automated refraction device, the method comprising the following steps: Refractive measurement: In the initial state, the optical gantry is located directly behind the measurement frame, and the refractometer is misaligned with the measurement frame. The patient sits in front of the refractometer, with the patient naturally placing their chin on the chin rest, so that the patient's eyes are directly in front of the measurement frame. Then, the patient's head is fixed and limited by two lateral support frames. The initial measurement optical path is started to quickly capture the pupil position. The optical gantry is finely adjusted in real time through the lifting frame and the translation frame. The auxiliary optical gantry tracks the spatial position of the tested eyeball in real time and saves the measurement data. Comprehensive refraction: The motor drives gear one, and gear one and gear two mesh to rotate shaft one, which in turn drives the spline shaft and spline sleeve to rotate. This causes shaft two to rotate the switching arm, rotating the comprehensive refraction instrument to the front of the measuring frame. The optical frame is then misaligned with the measuring frame, and the optical path switches from the initial measurement optical path to the precision refraction optical path. This achieves the switching of the corresponding positions of the comprehensive refraction instrument and the optical frame with the measuring frame. The comprehensive refraction instrument is used to perform a comprehensive refraction on the patient to accurately determine the patient's maximum positive lens visual acuity, red-green balance, astigmatism axis and power, in order to obtain the final prescription parameters. After the measurement is completed, the chin support, lateral support frame, switching arm, translation frame, and lifting frame are reset via the telescopic rod and motor for the next test.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes gear one and gear two meshing transmission, along with sleeve one, spline shaft, and spline sleeve, to drive shaft two to rotate. This, in turn, drives the switching arm and the refractometer and optical frame on it to rotate. Without moving the reference, the optical path of the refractometer and optical frame is switched, allowing two optical paths to share a single measurement frame. This ensures that the optical center coincides with the pupil center, enabling subsequent measurements of "red-green balance" and "astigmatism axis" to be based on the correct reference visual axis. This avoids misjudgment of the astigmatism axis that could lead to unsuitable eyeglasses and completely solves the problem of zero-point drift caused by non-coaxiality.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3This is another partial cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the orientation adjustment mechanism of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 7 This is a top-view structural diagram of the orientation adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rotary switching component structure; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the switching arm; Figure 10 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the horizontal position adjustment structure of the switching arm; Figure 11 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the translation frame structure in the diagram; Figure 12 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the lifting and adjusting structure of the switching arm; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the lifting frame structure in the diagram; Figure 14 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the lateral support frame structure; Figure 15 for Figure 5 A top-down view of the structure; Figure 16 For Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the chin support structure in the image; Figure 17 For Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of the chin support and refractometer; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the optometry process structure of the optometry device of the present invention; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Refractometer; 2. Orientation adjustment mechanism; 3. Comprehensive refractometer; 4. Measuring frame; 5. Optical frame; 21. Motor; 22. Lead screw one; 23. Translation frame; 24. Gear three; 25. Gear one; 26. Shaft five; 27. Shaft three; 28. Lead screw two; 29. ​​Lifting frame; 210. Sleeve two; 211. Gear four; 212. Switching arm; 213. Shaft one; 214. Gear two; 215. Splined shaft; 216. Splined sleeve; 217. Shaft two; 218. Arc frame; 219. Limit Positioning rod; 220, Sleeve 1; 221, Ratchet; 222, Stop pawl; 223, Elastic element; 224, Rotating shaft 4; 225, Two-way lead screw; 226, Lateral support frame; 227, Gear 5; 228, Rotating shaft 6; 229, Lead screw 3; 230, Wedge block; 231, Chin support; 232, Gear 6; 233, Spring; 234, Telescopic rod; 235, Bearing bracket; 236, Rotating shaft 7. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please see Figures 1-9As shown, this invention is a fully automatic optometry device, including an optometer 1, which is connected to a measuring frame 4. The optometer 1 is connected to a forehead patch (not shown in the figure) via a telescopic mechanism, and the forehead patch is located above the measuring frame 4. The optometer 1 is connected to an orientation adjustment mechanism 2, which is connected to a comprehensive optometer 3 and an optical frame 5. The comprehensive optometer 3 is located directly in front of the measuring frame 4, and the optical frame 5 is located directly behind the measuring frame 4 and inside the optometer 1. The comprehensive optometer 3 and the optical frame 5 are coaxial. The orientation adjustment mechanism 2 includes a motor 21 connected to the optometer 1. The output shaft of the motor 21 is connected to a gear 25 via a sliding key. The optometer 1 is connected to a translation frame 23, which is connected to a lifting frame 29. The lifting frame 29 is connected to a rotation switching assembly, which includes a rotating shaft 217 rotatably connected to the lifting frame 29. A switching arm 212 is fixedly installed on the 17th. The switching arm 212 has an L-shaped structure with an included angle of 70°-90°. The second rotating shaft 217 is located at the bend of the switching arm 212. One end of the switching arm 212 extends through to the outside of the refractometer 1 and is connected to the comprehensive refractometer 3. The other end is connected to the optical frame 5. The inner cavity of the refractometer 1 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 213. The first rotating shaft 213 and the second rotating shaft 217 can be connected by a synchronous belt, synchronous pulley or gear set. The first rotating shaft 213 is fixedly installed with the second gear 214 that meshes with the first gear 25. The refractometer 1 has a clearance groove corresponding to the position of the switching arm 212 to avoid interference between the switching arm 212 and the refractometer 1 when it rotates. Rubber strips (not shown in the figure) are connected to both sides of the clearance groove, and the two rubber strips abut against each other. The rubber strips block stray light and dust, so that the optical path is always in a dark room.

[0027] The comprehensive optometry instrument 3, model VT-10B, includes a level, auxiliary lens markings, a rotating prism, an astigmatism axis dial, an astigmatism power display window, a balance adjustment knob, a rotating eye chart rod locking button, an interpupillary distance display window, an auxiliary lens button, an auxiliary lens dial, a vertex distance display window, an astigmatism lens axis dial, and an astigmatism lens axis dial.

[0028] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 During comprehensive refraction of a patient, motor 21 drives gear 25 to rotate. Gear 25 meshes with gear 214, driving shaft 213 to rotate. The transmission between shaft 213 and shaft 217 causes shaft 217 to rotate the switching arm 212, thus switching the corresponding positions of the comprehensive refraction apparatus 3 and optical frame 5 with the measuring frame 4. This allows the comprehensive refraction apparatus 3 to rotate to the front of the measuring frame 4 (e.g., ...). Figure 6The angle of the switching arm 212 is 70°-90°, allowing the phoropter 3 and optical frame 5 to rotate and switch within the range of 0°-90° without moving the reference. This enables the switching of the optical paths of the phoropter 3 and optical frame 5. The switching arm 212 allows the two optical paths to share a single measurement frame 4, ensuring that the phoropter 3 and optical frame 5 always measure based on the same reference visual axis. This ensures that the optical center coincides with the pupil center, and that subsequent measurements of "red-green balance" and "astigmatism axis" are completely based on the correct reference visual axis. This avoids misjudgment of the astigmatism axis, which could lead to unsuitable lens fitting, and completely solves the problem of zero-point drift caused by non-coaxiality. The phoropter 3 and optical frame 5 share the same mechanical axis, namely the rotating axis 217, which solves the problem of inconsistent optical axes caused by switching optical systems. This ensures that the coordinate system, focus, and optical axis of the two optical systems are completely aligned, improving the accuracy of subsequent lens adjustments.

[0029] During the rotation of the switching arm 212, the switching arm 212 can pass between the two rubber strips. The rubber strips deform so that they are always in contact with the switching arm 212 and the clearance groove, so that the switching arm 212 and the clearance groove are always in a completely sealed state. This keeps the optical path in a darkroom-level sealed state, preventing the optical path from being exposed and thus blocking stray light from entering the optometer 1. It also serves as a dustproof function.

[0030] Please see Figures 8-10 , Figure 12 As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is: the switching arm 212 is connected to the limit rod 219, the lifting frame 29 is fixedly connected to the arc frame 218, and the arc frame 218 is adapted to the limit rod 219.

[0031] By cooperating with the limiting rod 219 and the arc frame 218, the rotating shaft 217 can only rotate within the included angle range of the switching arm 212, thereby limiting the rotation position of the switching arm 212.

[0032] Please see Figure 4 , Figures 6-8 As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: a ratchet 221 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 213, and a stop pawl 222 and an elastic element 223 are provided in the inner cavity of the optometer 1, with the stop pawl 222 abutting against the elastic element 223.

[0033] When the rotating shaft 213 reverses, the engagement of the stop pawl 222 and the ratchet 221 prevents the rotating shaft 213 from rotating in only one direction, thus preventing it from rotating forward. When the rotating shaft 213 needs to rotate forward to move the optical frame 5 to the rear of the measuring frame 4, the stop pawl 222 is activated, releasing the stop pawl 222 from limiting the ratchet 221. At this time, the motor 21 drives the gear 25 to rotate, and the meshing of gear 25 and gear 214 drives the rotating shaft 213 to rotate forward. This causes the rotating shaft 217 to drive the switching arm 212 and the comprehensive optometry instrument 3 and optical frame 5 to rotate forward, rotating the optical frame 5 to the rear of the measuring frame 4 for reset (e.g., ...). Figure 2 , Figure 3 ).

[0034] Example 2

[0035] Before and during the refraction test, the orientation of the phoropter 3 and optical frame 5 needs to be adjusted to ensure the accuracy of the refraction. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 2-7 , Figures 10-13 As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: The optometer 1 is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts 27, which are connected via a synchronous belt and synchronous pulley. The translation frame 23 is rotatably connected to two lead screws 28, and the rotating shafts 27 are connected to the lead screws 28. The lead screws 28 are threadedly engaged with the lifting frame 29, which is slidably connected to the translation frame 23. The lifting frame 29 is slidably engaged with the translation frame 23 via a slide rail and a slider. One of the rotating shafts 27 is fixedly equipped with a gear 211 that meshes with a gear 25. The lifting frame 29 is rotatably connected to a spline sleeve 216, which is connected to the rotating shaft 211. 7. Transmission connection: The translation frame 23 is rotatably connected to a spline shaft 215 that mates with a spline sleeve 216. The spline shaft 215 is driven by a rotating shaft 213. The translation frame 23 is slidably connected to the optometer 1. The optometer 1 is rotatably connected to a lead screw 22, which is threadedly engaged with the translation frame 23. The lead screw 22 is fixedly mounted with a gear 24 that meshes with a gear 25. The translation frame 23 is rotatably connected to two sleeves 210 and one sleeve 220. The two sleeves 210 are respectively connected to two rotating shafts 27 via sliding keys. The sleeves 210 are driven by a lead screw 28, and the sleeve 220 is driven by a spline shaft 215.

[0036] Before and during the refraction test, when adjusting the horizontal position of the phoropter 3 and the optical frame 5, gear 3 24 is engaged with gear 1 25, while gear 1 25 is disengaged from gear 4 211 and gear 2 214. Motor 21 drives gear 1 25 to rotate, and the meshing of gear 1 25 with gear 3 24 drives screw 1 22 to rotate, causing the translation frame 23 to move left and right, adjusting the horizontal position of the phoropter 3 and the optical frame 5. When the translation frame 23 moves horizontally, sleeve 2 210 and sleeve 1 220 will move axially along rotating shaft 3 27 and rotating shaft 1 213. When adjusting the height of the phoropter 3 and the optical frame 5... At this time, gear 4 211 is engaged with gear 1 25, while gear 1 25 is disengaged from gear 3 24 and gear 2 214. The engagement of gear 1 25 with gear 4 211 drives the rotating shaft 3 27 to rotate the lead screw 2 28, causing the lifting frame 29 to move up and down for adjustment. This allows for adjustment of the vertical position of the refractometer 3 and the optical frame 5. During the up and down movement of the lifting frame 29, the spline sleeve 216 moves axially along the spline shaft 215. Through the synchronous lifting and translation adjustment of the refractometer 3 and the optical frame 5, the refractometer 3 and the optical frame 5 are always measured based on the same reference visual axis, ensuring that the optical center coincides with the pupil center.

[0037] In addition, two rotating shafts 27 and two lead screws 28 are set up. The two rotating shafts 27 are rotated synchronously by using a synchronous belt and a synchronous pulley, so that the lifting frame 29 can be lifted and lowered stably.

[0038] Please see Figures 5-13 As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: the lifting frame 29 is rotatably connected to the spline sleeve 216, and the spline sleeve 216 is drivenly connected to the second rotating shaft 217; the translation frame 23 is rotatably connected to the spline shaft 215 that cooperates with the spline sleeve 216, and the spline shaft 215 is drivenly connected to the first rotating shaft 213.

[0039] During the lifting process, the lifting frame 29 enables the rotating shaft 217 to always transmit power to the rotating shaft 213 through the spline shaft 215 and the sleeve 220.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] During the optometry measurement process, the patient's head needs to be fixed in place to ensure accuracy. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-7 , Figure 16 , Figure 17As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: An optometer 1 is slidably connected to a wedge block 230. An optometer 1 is connected to a rotating shaft 236, which is connected to the optometer 1 via a sliding key. The lower end of the rotating shaft 236 abuts against the wedge block 230. A chin rest 231 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 236. A lead screw 229 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the optometer 1. The lead screw 229 is threadedly engaged with the wedge block 230. A spring 233 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 236, and the spring 233 is located within the inner cavity of the optometer 1. The optometry instrument 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 26 and a rotating shaft 228, with the rotating shaft 26 passing through the translation frame 23. The rotating shaft 26 is fixedly mounted with a gear 232 that meshes with a gear 1 25. The rotating shaft 228 is connected to the rotating shaft 26 and the lead screw 229 respectively. The rotating shaft 26 and the rotating shaft 228 can be connected by a synchronous belt, a synchronous pulley or a gear set. The rotating shaft 228 and the lead screw 229 are connected by a bevel gear set. The chin support 231 can be connected to the optometry instrument 1 via a slide rail or a slider.

[0042] When fixing the patient's head, the patient sits in front of the refractometer 1, naturally placing their chin on the chin rest 231. The position of the chin rest 231 is adjusted by the motor 21. At this time, gear 1 25 and gear 6 232 are engaged, while gear 1 25 is disengaged from gear 3 24, gear 4 211, and gear 2 214. The motor 21 drives gear 1 25 to rotate, and the engagement of gear 1 25 with gear 6 232 drives the rotation of shaft 5 26. Shaft 5 26 rotates via a synchronous belt and a synchronous pulley. The rotating shaft 228 rotates synchronously, which in turn drives the lead screw 229 to rotate synchronously. This causes the wedge block 230 to move axially along the lead screw 229, precisely adjusting the height of the chin rest 231 so that the patient's eyes are directly in front of the measuring frame 4. The spring 233 keeps the lower end of the rotating shaft 236 in close contact with the wedge block 230. After the measurement is completed, the patient's chin moves away from the chin rest 231, and the motor 21 reverses, resetting the wedge block 230 and the chin rest 231 so that the next patient can have their refraction measured.

[0043] To better stabilize the patient's head and prevent it from swaying from side to side, especially when the vehicle is moving or when the patient is a child, please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figures 1-7 , Figure 14 , Figure 15As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: the optometer 1 is rotatably connected to a bidirectional lead screw 225, the bidirectional lead screw 225 is threadedly connected to two lateral support frames 226, and the lateral support frames 226 are slidably connected to the optometer 1. The optometer 1 has a sliding groove that cooperates with the lateral support frames 226. The optometer 1 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 224, and the rotating shaft 224 is drivenly connected to the bidirectional lead screw 225. The two lateral support frames 226 are symmetrically distributed relative to the rotating shaft 224, and the two lateral support frames 226 are in an inward V-shape relative to the patient. The rotating shaft 224 is fixedly installed with a gear 227 that meshes with a gear 25.

[0044] When fixing the patient's head on both sides, gear 1 25 meshes with gear 5 227, while gear 1 25 is disengaged from gears 3 24, 4 211, 2 214, and 6 232. The motor 21 drives gear 1 25 to rotate, and the meshing transmission between gear 1 25 and gear 5 227 causes shaft 4 224 to drive the bidirectional lead screw 225 to rotate synchronously. This causes the two lateral support frames 226 to move closer to the patient's head and limit the movement of the patient's head on both sides, achieving further head restraint. The spacing between the two lateral support frames 226 can be adjusted to accommodate different head circumferences. The material of the lateral support frame 226 that clamps the head is silicone, which can better fix the patient's head. The two lateral support frames 226 are V-shaped relative to the patient, and the V-shape makes the clamping force of the lateral support frame 226 tighten as it goes inward, automatically pushing the head to the center. It is especially stable when the vehicle is moving or when children are using it.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] Furthermore, to achieve multiple uses for a single motor, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figures 2-17 As shown, a specific application of this embodiment is as follows: an optometer 1 is fixedly installed with a telescopic rod 234, the telescopic rod 234 extends into the interior of the optometer 1 and is fixedly installed with a bearing frame 235, and the bearing frame 235 is slidably connected to the optometer 1, and the bearing frame 235 is rotatably connected to the gear 25.

[0047] The telescopic rod 234 pushes the gear 25 to move axially, so that the gear 25 meshes with the gears 24, 211, 214, 227, and 232, realizing the power switching between the shaft 213, shaft 27, lead screw 22, shaft 26, and shaft 224, achieving multiple uses of one machine and further reducing the use of motors. Among them, the lead screws 22, 28, 329, and bidirectional lead screw 225 are all trapezoidal lead screws with self-locking properties.

[0048] As can be seen from the above embodiments, please refer to... Figure 18As shown, the present invention also provides a refraction method for a fully automated refraction device, the method comprising the following steps: Refractive measurement: In the initial state, the optical frame 5 is located directly behind the measuring frame 4, and the refractometer 3 is misaligned with the measuring frame 4. The patient sits in front of the refractometer 1 and naturally places his / her chin on the chin rest 231 so that the patient's eyes are directly in front of the measuring frame 4. Then, the patient's head is fixed by two lateral support frames 226. The initial measurement optical path is started to quickly capture the pupil position. The optical frame 5 is finely adjusted in real time by the lifting frame 29 and the translation frame 23. The optical frame 5 is assisted in tracking the spatial position of the eyeball being measured in real time and saving the measurement data. Comprehensive refraction: Motor 21 drives gear 25, and gear 25 and gear 214 mesh to drive shaft 213 to rotate spline shaft 215 and spline sleeve 216, which in turn drives shaft 217 to rotate switching arm 212, rotating the comprehensive refraction instrument 3 to the front of the measuring frame 4. The optical frame 5 is misaligned with the measuring frame 4, and the optical path is switched from the initial measurement optical path to the precision refraction optical path, realizing the switching of the corresponding positions of the comprehensive refraction instrument 3 and the optical frame 5 with the measuring frame 4. The comprehensive refraction instrument 3 is used to perform comprehensive refraction on the patient to accurately determine the patient's maximum positive lens maximum visual acuity, red-green balance, astigmatism axis and power, so as to obtain the final lens fitting parameters. After the measurement is completed, the chin support 231, lateral support frame 226, switching arm 212, translation frame 23, and lifting frame 29 are reset via the telescopic rod 234 and motor 21 for the next test.

[0049] In summary, after the device is powered on, the chin rest 231 is in its initial position, the optical frame 5 is directly behind the measuring frame 4, and the optical frame 5 and the measuring frame 4 are on the same optical axis. The patient sits in front of the optometry instrument 1, and the patient naturally places their chin on the chin rest 231. At the same time, the forehead pad extends forward and contacts the patient's forehead. Through the telescopic rod 234, gear 1 25 and gear 6 232 are engaged. At this time, the motor 21 drives the lead screw 3 229 to rotate, realizing the height adjustment of the chin rest 231, so that the patient's eyes are directly in front of the measuring frame 4, which can accommodate the head fixation of people of different heights. Then, through the telescopic rod 234, gear 1 25 and gear 5 227 are engaged. At this time, the motor 21 drives the bidirectional lead screw 22 to rotate, so that the two lateral support frames 226 move closer to the patient's head, realizing the limitation on both sides of the head and forming a three-point positioning. After the patient's head is fixed, the refractometer 1 turns on the detection light and starts the initial measurement optical path. Simultaneously, the optical frame 5 operates, performing pupil center localization, preliminary refractive error screening, pupillary distance measurement, and patient eyeball spatial position tracking detection on the patient. Measurement data is saved, quickly capturing pupil position and preliminary refractive state, and accurately locating eyeball coordinates to provide initial measurement and positioning data for the comprehensive refractometer 3. Patient eyeball spatial position tracking detection: The telescopic rod 234 engages gear one 25 with gear three 24. At this time, gear one 25 is disengaged from gear two 214, gear four 211, gear five 227, and gear six 232. Motor 21 drives gear one 25 to rotate, and the meshing of gear one 25 with gear three 24 drives the lead screw one 22 to rotate, causing the translation frame 23 to move left and right, adjusting the horizontal position of the comprehensive refractometer 3 and the optical frame 5. Then, gear four 211 is engaged with gear one 25. At this time, gear 1 25 is in a disengaged state from gear 2 214, gear 3 24, gear 5 227, and gear 6 232. Gear 1 25 is engaged with gear 4 211 to drive the rotating shaft 3 27 to rotate the lead screw 2 28, which in turn moves the lifting frame 29 up and down for adjustment. This allows for adjustment of the vertical position of the comprehensive optometry instrument 3 and the optical frame 5. The optical frame 5 is then finely adjusted in real time through the lifting frame 29 and the translation frame 23 to track the spatial position of the tested eyeball, keep the pupil aligned with the optical axis, and eliminate errors. After the initial screening and automatic refractive measurement of the eyeball positioning are completed, the telescopic rod 234 engages gear one 25 with gear two 214. At this time, gear one 25 is disengaged from gear three 24, gear four 211, gear five 227, and gear six 232. The motor 21 drives gear one 25, and the meshing transmission between gear one 25 and gear two 214 causes the rotating shaft one 213 to drive the splined shaft 215 and splined sleeve 216 to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating shaft two 217 to drive the switching arm 212 to rotate, thus rotating the comprehensive optometer 3 to the front of the measuring frame 4. The optical frame 5 is misaligned with the measuring frame 4, and the optical path is switched from the initial measurement optical path to the precision refraction optical path. This allows the corresponding positions of the comprehensive refraction instrument 3 and the optical frame 5 to be switched with those of the measuring frame 4. At this time, the comprehensive refraction instrument 3 and the measuring frame 4 are on the same optical axis. The comprehensive refraction instrument 3 performs a comprehensive refraction test on the patient. The test items include the best visual acuity with the maximum positive lens, red-green balance test, astigmatism axis confirmation, astigmatism degree confirmation, binocular balance test, and pupillary distance fine adjustment confirmation. The patient's maximum visual acuity with the maximum positive lens, red-green balance, astigmatism axis and degree are accurately obtained to obtain the final prescription parameters. After the measurement is completed, the chin support 231, lateral support frame 226, switching arm 212, translation frame 23, and lifting frame 29 are reset via the telescopic rod 234 and motor 21 for the next test.

[0050] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A fully automatic optometry device, comprising an optometer (1), wherein the optometer (1) is connected to a measuring frame (4), characterized in that: The optometry instrument (1) is connected to an orientation adjustment mechanism (2), and the orientation adjustment mechanism (2) is connected to a comprehensive optometry instrument (3) and an optical frame (5). The orientation adjustment mechanism (2) includes a motor (21) connected to the optometry instrument (1). The output shaft of the motor (21) is connected to a gear (25) via a sliding key. The optometry instrument (1) is connected to a translation frame (23). The translation frame (23) is connected to a lifting frame (29). The lifting frame (29) is connected to a rotary switching assembly. The rotary switching assembly includes a rotating shaft (217) rotatably connected to the lifting frame (29). A switching arm (212) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (217). The switching arm (212) has an L-shaped structure. One end of the switching arm (212) extends through to the outside of the optometry instrument (1) and is connected to the comprehensive optometry instrument (3). The other end is connected to the optical frame (5). The inner cavity of the optometry instrument (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft one (213), which is connected to a rotating shaft two (217) for transmission. The rotating shaft one (213) is fixedly installed with a gear two (214) that meshes with a gear one (25). The rotating shaft one (213) is driven to rotate by a motor (21), which causes the rotating shaft two (217) to drive the switching arm (212) to rotate, thereby enabling the switching of the corresponding positions of the comprehensive optometry instrument (3) and the optical frame (5) with the measuring frame (4), so that the two optical paths can share a measuring frame (4). The optometry instrument (1) has a clearance groove corresponding to the position of the switching arm (212) to avoid interference between the switching arm (212) and the optometry instrument (1) when the switching arm (212) rotates.

2. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching arm (212) is connected to a limit rod (219), and the lifting frame (29) is fixedly connected to an arc frame (218). The arc frame (218) is adapted to the limit rod (219). Through the cooperation of the limit rod (219) and the arc frame (218), the rotation position of the switching arm (212) is limited.

3. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (213) is fixedly equipped with a ratchet (221). The inner cavity of the optometer (1) is provided with a stop pawl (222) and an elastic element (223). The stop pawl (222) and the elastic element (223) abut against each other. Through the cooperation of the stop pawl (222) and the ratchet (221), the rotating shaft (213) can only rotate in a single direction.

4. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optometer (1) is rotatably connected to two rotating shafts (27), and the two rotating shafts (27) are connected by transmission. The translation frame (23) is rotatably connected to two lead screws (28), and the rotating shafts (27) are connected by transmission with the lead screws (28). The lead screws (28) are threadedly engaged with the lifting frame (29), and the lifting frame (29) is slidably connected with the translation frame (23). One of the rotating shafts (27) is fixedly mounted with a gear (211) that meshes with gear (25). The motor (21) drives the lead screw (28) to rotate, causing the lifting frame (29) to move up and down, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the comprehensive optometry instrument (3) and the optical frame (5).

5. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting frame (29) is rotatably connected to a spline sleeve (216), and the spline sleeve (216) is driven to the second rotating shaft (217). The translation frame (23) is rotatably connected to a spline shaft (215) that cooperates with the spline sleeve (216). The spline shaft (215) is driven to the first rotating shaft (213), so that the first rotating shaft (213) drives the second rotating shaft (217) to rotate.

6. A fully automatic optometry device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The translation frame (23) is slidably connected to the optometry instrument (1). The optometry instrument (1) is rotatably connected to a lead screw (22), and the lead screw (22) is threadedly engaged with the translation frame (23). The lead screw (22) is fixedly installed with a gear (24) that meshes with a gear (25). The lead screw (22) is driven to rotate by a motor (21), so that the translation frame (23) moves left and right, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the comprehensive optometry instrument (3) and the optical frame (5). The translation frame (23) is rotatably connected to two sleeves (210) and one sleeve (220). The two sleeves (210) are respectively connected to two rotating shafts (27) via sliding keys, and the sleeve (220) is connected to the rotating shaft (213) via sliding keys. The second sleeve (210) is connected to the second lead screw (28) for transmission, and the first sleeve (220) is connected to the spline shaft (215) for transmission. When the translation frame (23) moves horizontally, it drives the second sleeve (210) and the first sleeve (220) to move axially along the third rotating shaft (27) and the first rotating shaft (213).

7. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optometry instrument (1) is slidably connected to a wedge block (230), the optometry instrument (1) is connected to a rotating shaft seven (236), and the lower end of the rotating shaft seven (236) abuts against the wedge block (230). The rotating shaft seven (236) is fixedly connected to a chin rest (231). The inner cavity of the optometry instrument (1) is rotatably connected to a lead screw three (229), and the lead screw three (229) is threadedly engaged with the wedge block (230). The rotating shaft seven (236) is fitted with a spring (233), and the spring (233) is located in the inner cavity of the optometer (1). The lower end of the rotating shaft seven (236) is tightly attached to the wedge block (230) by means of the spring (233). The optometer (1) is rotatably connected to a fifth shaft (26) and a sixth shaft (228), and the fifth shaft (26) passes through the translation frame (23). The fifth shaft (26) is fixedly installed with a sixth gear (232) that meshes with a first gear (25). The sixth shaft (228) is connected to the fifth shaft (26) and the third lead screw (229) respectively. The third lead screw (229) is driven to rotate by a motor (21), so that the wedge block (230) moves back and forth, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the chin rest (231).

8. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The optometry instrument (1) is rotatably connected to a bidirectional lead screw (225), which is threadedly connected to two lateral support frames (226), and the lateral support frames (226) are slidably connected to the optometry instrument (1); The optometry instrument (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft four (224), and the rotating shaft four (224) is connected to a bidirectional lead screw (225). The two lateral support frames (226) are symmetrically distributed relative to the rotating shaft four (224). The rotating shaft four (224) is fixedly installed with a gear five (227) that meshes with gear one (25). The bidirectional lead screw (225) is driven to rotate by a motor (21) to realize the adjustment of the distance between the two lateral support frames (226) and adapt to the head positioning of people with different head circumferences.

9. The fully automatic optometry device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optometry instrument (1) is fixedly equipped with a telescopic rod (234). The telescopic rod (234) extends into the interior of the optometry instrument (1) and is fixedly equipped with a bearing frame (235). The bearing frame (235) is slidably connected to the optometry instrument (1). The bearing frame (235) is rotatably connected to gear one (25). The telescopic rod (234) pushes gear one (25) to move axially, thereby realizing the power switching between rotating shaft one (213), rotating shaft three (27), lead screw one (22), rotating shaft five (26), and rotating shaft four (224).

10. A refraction method for a fully automated refraction device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Refractive measurement: In the initial state, the optical frame (5) is located directly behind the measuring frame (4), the refractometer (3) is misaligned with the measuring frame (4), the patient sits in front of the refractometer (1), the patient naturally puts his chin on the chin rest (231), so that the patient's eyes are directly in front of the measuring frame (4), and then the patient's head is fixed by two lateral support frames (226), the initial measurement optical path is started, the pupil position is quickly captured, the optical frame (5) is finely adjusted in real time by the lifting frame (29) and the translation frame (23), the optical frame (5) is assisted in tracking the spatial position of the eyeball being measured in real time, and the measurement data is saved; Comprehensive refraction: The motor (21) drives gear one (25), and the meshing transmission of gear one (25) and gear two (214) causes shaft one (213) to drive the spline shaft (215) and spline sleeve (216) to rotate, and shaft two (217) to drive the switching arm (212) to rotate, rotating the comprehensive refraction instrument (3) to the front of the measuring frame (4), and the optical frame (5) to be misaligned with the measuring frame (4), and the optical path to switch from the initial measurement optical path to the precision refraction optical path, so as to realize the switching of the corresponding positions of the comprehensive refraction instrument (3) and the optical frame (5) with the measuring frame (4); the comprehensive refraction of the patient is performed by the comprehensive refraction instrument (3), and the maximum positive lens maximum visual acuity, red-green balance, astigmatism axis and power of the patient are accurately obtained to obtain the final lens fitting parameters; After the measurement is completed, the chin support (231), lateral support frame (226), switching arm (212), translation frame (23), and lifting frame (29) are reset by telescopic rod (234) and motor (21) for the next test.

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