Multi-stage filtering device of low-heavy-metal-content composite culture medium for haematococcus culture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of haematococcus culture, in particular to a low-heavy-metal-content composite culture medium multi-stage filtering device for haematococcus culture, which comprises a filtering tower, a filtering bin is arranged close to the top in the filtering tower, a plurality of placing trays are arranged in the filtering tower, and a disturbance assembly and a floating assembly are arranged in the middle in the filtering tower; the disturbance assembly comprises a rotating drum in the middle, two fan blades coaxially fixed to the top end and the bottom end of the rotating drum and a fixing rod coaxially arranged in the rotating drum, a plurality of sets of rollers are arranged on the side wall of the rotating drum, a plurality of shovel plates are fixed to the outer edges of the rollers along the drum walls, the floating assembly comprises a plurality of floating balls and connecting rings, and connecting rods are fixedly connected to the upper portions of the floating balls. According to the device, chelating resin particles are disturbed by arranging the disturbance assembly, so that the chelating resin particles make uniform contact with the composite culture medium, uneven adsorption is avoided, the liquid level of the composite culture medium is monitored by arranging the floating assembly, and backflow is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation technology, specifically a multi-stage filtration device for a composite culture medium with low heavy metal content for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] In the cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis, the algae need to be placed in a composite culture medium for cultivation. Considering that the composite culture medium is mostly water and inorganic salts, and that inorganic salts often carry small amounts of heavy metals such as copper and chromium ions during the preparation process, these heavy metals may accumulate during the cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis, leading to heavy metal poisoning. Therefore, it is necessary to filter the composite culture medium to reduce the heavy metal content before use. Since the components of the composite culture medium are pre-prepared, chemical precipitation methods that require additional reagents cannot be used. Generally, the chelating resin particle adsorption method is adopted, which uses the negatively charged ions on the surface of the chelating resin particles to adsorb specific positively charged heavy metal ions in the composite culture medium to complete the filtration.

[0003] For example, invention application CN119662305A, in the field of chemical technology, discloses an integrated resin deacidification treatment system and method, including: a base; a deacidification mechanism installed at the top center of the base, a recovery mechanism installed on one side of the top of the base, a mixture storage tank installed on the other side of the top of the base, and a filtration mechanism installed at the top center of the mixture storage tank; the deacidification mechanism includes a deacidification resin tower, a product pipeline, a brine pipeline, an activation liquid pipeline, and support legs, and two deacidification resin towers are provided; the invention starts a material pump connected to the mixture conveying pipe, the mixture is input into one deacidification resin tower to adsorb the organic acids therein, and at the same time, starts a material pump connected to the alkali conveying pipe, the alkali is input into another deacidification resin tower for resin activation, and the two deacidification resin towers can be used alternately for activation, thereby ensuring the continuity of the deacidification operation and significantly improving the deacidification speed and efficiency.

[0004] Based on the above cases and actual situations, we have identified the following problems: In existing technologies, chelating resin particles are typically placed directly inside the resin tower. This results in the upper chelating resin particles binding with heavy metal ions first to form colloids or solids during heavy metal ion adsorption, thus reducing the gaps between the upper chelating resin particles. Meanwhile, the lower chelating resin particles may not have yet bound with heavy metal ions. This not only affects filtration efficiency but also leads to uneven adsorption, increasing the frequency of cleaning the chelating resin particles. Furthermore, the reduced gaps between the chelating resin particles are difficult to detect and can easily affect the passage of the composite culture medium, causing the liquid level of the composite culture medium to rise and resulting in reflux. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage filtration device for a composite culture medium with low heavy metal content for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation. By setting fan blades, the device drives the roller and shovel to agitate the chelating resin particles during filtration, so that the chelating resin particles are in uniform contact with the composite culture medium, avoiding uneven adsorption. By setting a float ball to monitor the liquid level of the composite culture medium, backflow is prevented, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage filtration device for a composite culture medium with low heavy metal content for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation, comprising a filter tower, a filter chamber located near the top of the filter tower, and several placement trays for holding chelating resin particles arranged sequentially from top to bottom below the filter chamber in the filter tower. The filter tower also has a disturbance component for agitating the chelating resin particles and a floating component for controlling the feed in the middle. The disturbance component includes a central rotating drum, two fan blades coaxially fixed at the top and bottom of the rotating drum, and a fixing rod coaxially disposed inside the rotating drum. The side wall of the rotating drum is provided with several sets of rollers, and the rollers in the same set are disposed in the placement tray at the corresponding height. Several shovels are fixed along the outer edge of the roller wall. The inner end of the roller is inserted into the rotating drum and the two are rotatably connected. The fixing rod is rotatably connected to the rotating drum. The top center of the filter tower is provided with a feed pipe for dispensing the composite culture medium. The bottom center of the filter tower is provided with a backwash water inlet pipe for inlet water to clean the chelating resin particles. The upper fan blades are coaxially disposed inside the feed pipe, and the lower fan blades are coaxially disposed inside the backwash water inlet pipe. The floating component includes several floats and connecting rings. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the floats, and the top ends of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the same connecting ring.

[0007] In this design, considering that in existing technologies, chelating resin particles are typically placed directly inside the resin tower, this leads to a situation where, during the adsorption of heavy metal ions, the upper chelating resin particles bind with the heavy metal ions first, forming colloids or solids. This reduces the gaps between the upper chelating resin particles, while the lower chelating resin particles may not yet bind with the heavy metal ions. This not only affects filtration efficiency but also increases the frequency of cleaning the chelating resin particles due to uneven adsorption. Furthermore, the reduced gaps between the chelating resin particles are difficult to detect and can easily affect the passage of the composite culture medium, causing the liquid level of the composite culture medium to rise and resulting in backflow. This device incorporates a disturbance component to agitate the chelating resin particles, ensuring uniform contact between the chelating resin particles and the composite culture medium, thus avoiding uneven adsorption. A floating component monitors the liquid level of the composite culture medium to prevent backflow.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, the filter tower sidewall near the top is provided with a backwash outlet pipe for discharging flushing water, and the bottom surface of the filter tower near the right side is provided with a discharge pipe for discharging composite culture medium for filtering heavy metals. The feed pipe, the backwash inlet pipe, the discharge pipe and the backwash outlet pipe are all controlled by control valves.

[0009] In this setup, the internal liquid flow of the filter tower at different times is controlled by setting up a discharge pipe, a feed pipe, a backwash inlet pipe, and a backwash outlet pipe.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, the side wall of the filter chamber is solid, the middle part of the bottom surface is a solid part in the shape of a vertical cone, and the outer periphery of the bottom surface is a filter plate. The feed pipe is located directly above the filter chamber. The upper and lower surfaces of the placement tray are provided with water permeable holes, and the diameter of the water permeable holes is smaller than the particle size of the chelating resin particles. The side wall of the filter tower is provided with a replacement port for replacing the chelating resin particles at the position corresponding to the placement tray. The chelating resin particles in the placement tray decrease in size from top to bottom, and the filling volume of the chelating resin particles in the placement tray is 70%.

[0011] In this setup, the composite culture medium is initially filtered by a filter chamber, while the composite culture medium flows evenly down the solid part of the vertical cone to achieve uniform water distribution. This avoids uneven water distribution that could lead to uneven adsorption of the chelating resin particles. A replacement port is provided for easy replacement of the chelating resin particles. The chelating resin particles in the placement tray are filled to 70% capacity to prevent overfilling and complete blockage of the permeable holes in the placement tray.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the top end of the rotating drum extends into the feed pipe, and the bottom end passes through the bottom surface of the filter chamber and the two placement plates from top to bottom and extends into the backwash water inlet pipe. The rotating drum is rotatably connected to the filter chamber and the two placement plates. A support member is provided at the bottom of the filter tower, and the rotating drum is rotatably connected to the support member.

[0013] In this setup, a support structure is used to support the entire rotating drum without obstructing its rotation.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the rotating drum is provided with a cavity, the inner end of the roller passes through the wall of the rotating drum and extends into the cavity, and a bevel gear is coaxially fixed to the end face of the inner end of the roller.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the top end of the fixing rod is embedded in the top surface of the cavity and the two are rotatably connected. The bottom end of the fixing rod passes downward through the central shaft of the fan blade below. The bottom end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the backwash water inlet pipe. A plurality of helical toothed discs are coaxially provided on the wall of the fixing rod. The positions of the plurality of helical toothed discs correspond one-to-one with the positions of the plurality of placement discs. The bevel gears of the same height mesh with the corresponding helical toothed discs.

[0016] In this setup, by incorporating bevel gears and helical gear discs, when the rotating drum rotates, it drives the roller to revolve synchronously around the fixed rod. At this time, the bevel gears, under the action of the helical gear discs, will drive the roller to rotate on its own axis, thereby causing the shovel plate to pick up the chelated resin particles.

[0017] In the technical solution of the present invention, the float is located between the uppermost placement plate and the filter chamber, and a plurality of limiting rings are fixed on the inner wall of the filter tower. The plurality of limiting rings correspond one-to-one with a plurality of connecting rods, and the connecting rods are slidably connected to the corresponding limiting rings.

[0018] In this setting, a limit ring is used to limit and support the entire floating component, preventing it from rotating or detaching.

[0019] In the technical solution of the present invention, the connecting ring has symmetrically fixed protruding rods on the top surface, and a horizontal sliding cavity is provided on the inner side of the protruding rod. A sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding cavity. The inner end of the sliding rod passes through the sliding cavity and the end face is connected to a ball. A spring is provided between the sliding rod and the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

[0020] In this setting, the resistance encountered by the float when it rises is reduced by setting a ball bearing, so as to avoid the float being unable to rise when the liquid level rises due to excessive resistance.

[0021] In the technical solution of the present invention, the outer wall of the filter chamber is symmetrically fixed with abutting members on the left and right sides. The outer middle part of the abutting member is provided with an abutting groove. The groove surface of the abutting groove is inclined inward from top to bottom. The ball abuts against the groove surface of the corresponding side. The outer wall of the abutting member is provided with a horizontal spring hole above the corresponding abutting groove. The inner wall of the spring hole on the right side is provided with a point control switch.

[0022] In the technical solution of the present invention, the point control switch is electrically connected to the control valves of the feed pipe, the backflushing water inlet pipe, the discharge pipe and the backflushing water outlet pipe via signal lines.

[0023] In this setup, by setting a point control switch, when the float moves the connecting ring upward, causing the convex rod and slide rod to move upward, until the ball rises to the return hole, the point control switch is triggered by the spring to close the feed pipe and the discharge pipe, and an alarm is issued to notify the operator to perform backwashing.

[0024] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, by setting up a disturbance component, during filtration, a composite culture medium is pumped into the feed pipe, causing the composite culture medium to impact the upper fan blades. At this time, the water pressure of the composite culture medium is relatively low, which can drive the fan blades and the rotating drum to rotate slowly, causing the drum to revolve within the placement tray. Under the action of the bevel gear and the helical gear plate, the drum will rotate on its own axis, thereby causing the shovel plate to scoop up the chelating resin particles below and move them to the top with the rotation, so that the chelating resin particles are evenly contacted with the composite culture medium, improving filtration efficiency and reducing the frequency of cleaning the chelating resin particles. In addition, during backwashing, a high-pressure water flow is introduced from the backwash water inlet pipe, which can drive the lower fan blades and the rotating drum to rotate, thereby causing the drum to revolve and rotate on its own axis at the same time, so that the shovel plate quickly scoops up the chelating resin particles, allowing the chelating resin particles to fully contact the clean water flow, improving cleaning efficiency.

[0025] 2. In this invention, by setting a floating component, when the chelating resin particles adsorb too many heavy metal ions, causing the composite culture medium to slow down through the placement plate, the liquid level of the composite culture medium will gradually rise. At this time, the float moves upward synchronously, driving the connecting ring to rise, which in turn causes the protruding rod and sliding rod to move upward. Under the action of the groove, the ball and sliding rod are pushed to slide into the sliding cavity until the ball rises to the spring hole. At this time, under the action of the spring, the ball can trigger the point control switch to close the feed pipe and the discharge pipe, and issue an alarm to notify the operator to backwash to avoid backflow. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the filter tower in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disturbance component in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the disturbance component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the floating component in this invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the floating component in this invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the protruding rod in this invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the abutment block in this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Filter tower; 101. Feed pipe; 1011. Limiting ring; 102. Backflushing inlet pipe; 103. Discharge pipe; 104. Backflushing outlet pipe; 105. Replacement port; 106. Filter chamber; 107. Placement tray; 108. Support component; 200. Disturbance component; 201. Rotary drum; 2011. Cavity; 202. Fan blade; 203. Roller; 204. Shovel plate; 205. Fixing rod; 206. Bevel gear; 207. Helical gear disc; 300, Floating component; 301, Float; 302, Connecting rod; 303, Connecting ring; 304, Protruding rod; 3041, Sliding cavity; 305, Sliding rod; 306, Ball bearing; 307, Spring; 308, Abutting part; 3081, Abutting groove; 3082, Spring-loaded hole; 3083, Point control switch. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0028] Unless otherwise expressly stated, throughout this specification, the term "comprising" or its variations such as "including" or "comprises" shall be understood to include the stated elements or components without excluding other elements or other components.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: The multi-stage filtration device for low heavy metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation in this invention includes a filter tower 100, a filter chamber 106 is provided near the top of the filter tower 100, and a plurality of placement trays 107 for holding chelating resin particles are arranged from top to bottom below the filter chamber 106 in the filter tower 100. A disturbance component 200 for disturbing the chelating resin particles and a floating component 300 for controlling the feed are provided in the middle of the filter tower 100.

[0030] After preparing the composite culture medium, multiple metals need to be treated. Considering that the components of the composite culture medium are pre-prepared, chemical precipitation methods that require additional reagents cannot be used. Generally, chelating resin particle adsorption is adopted. This method uses negatively charged ions on the surface of chelating resin particles to adsorb positively charged heavy metal ions in the composite culture medium to complete the filtration. However, in the existing technology, chelating resin particles are usually placed directly in the resin tower. This causes the upper chelating resin particles to combine with heavy metal ions first, forming colloids or solids, which reduces the gap between the upper chelating resin particles. Meanwhile, the lower chelating resin particles may not have combined with heavy metal ions yet. This not only affects the filtration efficiency but also leads to uneven adsorption, increasing the frequency of cleaning the chelating resin particles. At the same time, the reduced gap between the chelating resin particles is difficult to detect and can easily affect the passage of the composite culture medium, causing the liquid level of the composite culture medium to rise and resulting in backflow. This device uses a disturbance component 200 to agitate the chelating resin particles, ensuring uniform contact between the chelating resin particles and the composite culture medium and avoiding uneven adsorption. A floating component 300 monitors the liquid level of the composite culture medium to prevent backflow.

[0031] The disturbance component 200 includes a central rotating drum 201, two fan blades 202 coaxially fixed at the top and bottom of the rotating drum 201, and a fixing rod 205 coaxially disposed inside the rotating drum 201. The side wall of the rotating drum 201 is provided with several sets of rollers 203. The same set of rollers 203 is disposed in a placement plate 107 at a corresponding height. Several shovels 204 are fixed along the outer edge of the drum wall of the rollers 203. The inner end of the rollers 203 is inserted into the rotating drum 201 and the two are rotatably connected. The fixing rod 205 is rotatably connected to the rotating drum 201. The top center of the filter tower 100 is provided with a feed pipe 101 for dispensing the composite culture medium. The bottom center of the filter tower 100 is provided with a backwash water inlet pipe 102 for inlet water to clean the chelated resin particles. The upper fan blades 202 are coaxially disposed inside the feed pipe 101, and the lower fan blades 202 are coaxially disposed inside the backwash water inlet pipe 102.

[0032] When filtering heavy metals, a composite culture medium is pumped into the feed pipe 101, causing the composite culture medium to impact the upper fan blade 202. At this time, the water pressure of the composite culture medium is relatively low, which can drive the fan blade 202 and the rotating drum 201 to rotate slowly, causing the drum 203 to revolve within the placement tray 107. Under the action of the fixed rod 205, the drum 203 rotates on its own axis, which in turn drives the shovel plate 204 to scoop up the chelating resin particles below and move them to the top with the rotation, so that the chelating resin particles are evenly contacted with the composite culture medium. It should be noted that if the fan blade 202 and the rotating drum 201 rotate clockwise, the shovel plate 204 bends counterclockwise, and if the fan blade 202 and the rotating drum 201 rotate counterclockwise, the shovel plate 204 bends clockwise. During backwashing, high-pressure water is introduced through the backwash inlet pipe 102, which drives the fan blades 202 and the drum 201 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the drum 203 to revolve around the sun while rotating on its own axis. This allows the scraper plate 204 to quickly scrape the chelating resin particles, ensuring that the chelating resin particles come into full contact with the clean water flow and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0033] The floating component 300 includes several floats 301 and connecting rings 303. Connecting rods 302 are fixedly connected above the floats 301. The tops of the connecting rods 302 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the same connecting ring 303. When the chelating resin particles adsorb too many heavy metal ions, causing the composite culture medium to slow down through the placement tray 107, the liquid level of the composite culture medium will gradually rise. At this time, the floats 301 move upward synchronously until they exceed the limit height and issue an alarm to remind the operator to backwash.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-3 As shown, the filter tower 100 has a backwash outlet pipe 104 near the top of its side wall for discharging flushing water, and a discharge pipe 103 near the right side of its bottom surface for discharging the composite culture medium used to filter heavy metals. The feed pipe 101, backwash inlet pipe 102, discharge pipe 103, and backwash outlet pipe 104 are all controlled by control valves. During filtration, the control valves of the feed pipe 101 and the discharge pipe 103 are open. The composite culture medium enters and is discharged from the discharge pipe 103 after passing through the multi-stage filtration of the filter chamber 106 and multiple placement trays 107. During backwashing, the control valves of the backwash inlet pipe 102 and the backwash outlet pipe 104 are open. At this time, high-pressure clean water is introduced into the backwash inlet pipe 102 for backwashing, and then discharged from the backwash outlet pipe 104. Then, hydrochloric acid is introduced to soak all the chelating resin particles, and finally the hydrochloric acid is flushed out.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 As shown, the side wall of the filter chamber 106 is solid, the bottom center is a solid vertical cone, and the bottom periphery is a filter plate. The feed pipe 101 is located directly above the filter chamber 106. The filter chamber 106 is used to perform preliminary filtration of the composite culture medium. At the same time, the composite culture medium flows down evenly along the solid vertical cone, achieving uniform water distribution and avoiding uneven water distribution that leads to uneven adsorption of chelating resin particles. Specifically, both the upper and lower surfaces of the placement tray 107 are provided with water permeable holes, and the diameter of the water permeable holes is smaller than the particle size of the chelating resin particles to prevent the chelating resin particles from escaping from the water permeable holes. The side wall of the filter tower 100 is provided with a replacement port 105 corresponding to the position of the placement tray 107. The replacement port 105 facilitates the replacement of chelating resin particles. The chelating resin particles in the placement tray 107 decrease in size from top to bottom. The larger the particle size of the chelating resin particles, the smaller the specific surface area and the larger the gap between the chelating resin particles. This avoids the gap between the upper chelating resin particles being too small, which would affect the flow of the composite culture medium after adsorbing heavy metal ions. The chelating resin particles filling the placement tray 107 are 70% full to prevent the chelating resin particles from being overfilled and directly blocking the water permeable holes of the placement tray 107.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the rotating drum 201 extends into the feed pipe 101, and the bottom end passes through the bottom surface of the filter chamber 106 and the two placement plates 107 from top to bottom and extends into the backwash water inlet pipe 102. The rotating drum 201 is rotatably connected to the filter chamber 106 and the two placement plates 107. A support member 108 is provided at the bottom inside the filter tower 100. The rotating drum 201 is rotatably connected to the support member 108. The support member 108 consists of a central ring and an outer round rod. The ring is embedded in the cylinder wall of the rotating drum 201 and the two are rotatably connected. The two ends of the round rod are fixedly connected to the round rod and the inner wall of the filter tower 100. The support member 108 supports the entire rotating drum 201 without obstructing the rotation of the rotating drum 201.

[0037] Furthermore, the rotating drum 201 has a cavity 2011. The inner end of the roller 203 passes through the wall of the rotating drum 201 and extends into the cavity 2011. A bevel gear 206 is coaxially fixed to the inner end face of the roller 203. The top end of the fixing rod 205 is embedded in the top surface of the cavity 2011 and the two are rotatably connected. The bottom end of the fixing rod 205 passes downward through the central shaft of the lower fan blade 202. The bottom end of the fixing rod 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the backwash water inlet pipe 102. The wall of the fixing rod 205 is also connected to the inner wall of the backwash water inlet pipe 102. The shaft is equipped with several helical gear disks 207, and the positions of the helical gear disks 207 and the placement disks 107 are one-to-one. The bevel gears 206 of the same height mesh with the corresponding helical gear disks 207. By setting the bevel gears 206 and the helical gear disks 207, when the rotating drum 201 rotates, it drives the roller 203 to revolve around the fixed rod 205 synchronously. At this time, the bevel gears 206 will drive the roller 203 to rotate under the action of the helical gear disks 207, thereby causing the shovel plate 204 to scoop up the chelated resin particles.

[0038] Please see Figures 6-9As shown, the float 301 is located between the uppermost placement plate 107 and the filter chamber 106. Several limiting rings 1011 are fixed on the inner wall of the filter tower 100. The limiting rings 1011 correspond one-to-one with several connecting rods 302. The connecting rods 302 are slidably connected to the corresponding limiting rings 1011. By setting the limiting rings 1011, the entire floating component 300 is limited and supported, preventing the floating component 300 from rotating or detaching.

[0039] The top surface of the connecting ring 303 is symmetrically fixed with protruding rods 304. A horizontal sliding cavity 3041 is provided inside the protruding rod 304. A sliding rod 305 is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity 3041. The inner end of the sliding rod 305 passes through the sliding cavity 3041 and the end face is connected with a ball 306. A spring 307 is provided between the sliding rod 305 and the inner wall of the sliding cavity 3041. By setting the ball 306, the resistance encountered by the float 301 when it rises is reduced, so as to avoid the float 301 being unable to rise when the liquid level rises due to excessive resistance. The outer wall of the filter chamber 106 is symmetrically fixed with abutment members 308. The outer middle of the abutment member 308 is provided with abutment groove 3081. The groove surface of the abutment groove 3081 is inclined inward from top to bottom. The ball 306 abuts with the groove surface of the corresponding side abutment groove 3081. The outer wall of the abutment member 308 is provided with a horizontal spring hole 3082 above the corresponding abutment groove 3081. The inner wall of the right spring hole 3082 is provided with a moment control switch 3083. The moment control switch 3083 is electrically connected to the control valves of the feed pipe 101, the backwash water inlet pipe 102, the discharge pipe 103, and the backwash water outlet pipe 104 through signal lines. As the liquid level of the composite culture medium gradually rises, the float 301 drives the connecting ring 303 to rise, causing the protruding rod 304 and the sliding rod 305 to move upward. Under the action of the abutment groove 3081, the ball 306 and the sliding rod 305 are pushed into the sliding cavity 3041 until the ball 306 rises to the spring hole 3082. At this time, under the action of the spring 307, the ball 306 triggers the point control switch 3083 to close the feed pipe 101 and the discharge pipe 103, and issues an alarm to notify the operator to perform backwashing. After cleaning, the staff can open the tower cover of the filter tower 100 and push the sliding rod 305 to reset for reuse.

[0040] The working principle of the multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium used in the present invention for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation is as follows: During filtration, the composite culture medium is pumped into the feed pipe 101, causing the composite culture medium to impact the upper fan blade 202. At this time, the water pressure of the composite culture medium is relatively low, which can drive the fan blade 202 and the rotating drum 201 to rotate slowly, causing the drum 203 to revolve within the placement plate 107. Under the action of the bevel gear 206 and the helical gear plate 207, the drum 203 will rotate, which in turn will drive the shovel plate 204 to scoop up the chelating resin particles below and move them to the top with the rotation, so that the chelating resin particles are evenly in contact with the composite culture medium. As the usage time increases, the chelating resin particles adsorb too many heavy metal ions, causing the composite culture medium to slow down as it passes through the placement plate 107. At this time, the liquid level of the composite culture medium will gradually rise. Simultaneously, the float ball 301 moves upward, driving the connecting ring 303 to rise, which in turn causes the protruding rod 304 and the sliding rod 305 to move upward. Under the action of the abutment groove 3081, the ball 306 and the sliding rod 305 are pushed to slide into the sliding cavity 3041 until the ball 306 rises to the spring hole 3082. At this time, under the action of the spring 307, the ball 306 can trigger the point control switch 3083 to close the feed pipe 101 and the discharge pipe 103, and issue an alarm to notify the operator to perform backwashing. During backwashing, high-pressure water is introduced through the backwash inlet pipe 102, which drives the lower fan blades 202 and the rotating drum 201 to rotate. This, in turn, causes the drum 203 to revolve around the central axis and rotate on its own axis, allowing the scraper plate 204 to quickly scrape the chelating resin particles, ensuring that the chelating resin particles come into full contact with the clean water flow and improving cleaning efficiency.

[0041] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage filtration device for a composite culture medium with low heavy metal content used in the cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis, comprising a filtration tower, characterized in that: The filter tower has a filter chamber near the top, and several placement trays for holding chelating resin particles are arranged from top to bottom below the filter chamber. The filter tower has a disturbance component for disturbing the chelating resin particles and a floating component for controlling the feed in the middle. The disturbance component includes a central rotating drum, two fan blades coaxially fixed at the top and bottom of the rotating drum, and a fixing rod coaxially disposed inside the rotating drum. The side wall of the rotating drum is provided with several sets of rollers, and the rollers in the same set are disposed in the placement tray at the corresponding height. Several shovels are fixed along the outer edge of the roller wall. The inner end of the roller is inserted into the rotating drum and the two are rotatably connected. The fixing rod is rotatably connected to the rotating drum. The top center of the filter tower is provided with a feed pipe for dispensing the composite culture medium. The bottom center of the filter tower is provided with a backwash water inlet pipe for inlet water to clean the chelating resin particles. The upper fan blades are coaxially disposed inside the feed pipe, and the lower fan blades are coaxially disposed inside the backwash water inlet pipe. The floating component includes several floats and connecting rings. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the floats, and the top ends of the connecting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the same connecting ring.

2. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter tower has a backwash outlet pipe near the top of its side wall for discharging flushing water, and a discharge pipe for discharging the composite culture medium for filtering heavy metals is located on the right side of the bottom surface of the filter tower. The feed pipe, the backwash inlet pipe, the discharge pipe, and the backwash outlet pipe are all controlled by control valves.

3. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter chamber has a solid sidewall, a solid vertical cone-shaped bottom section, and a filter plate around the bottom. The feed pipe is located directly above the filter chamber. The upper and lower surfaces of the placement tray are provided with water-permeable holes with a diameter smaller than the particle size of the chelating resin particles. The sidewall of the filter tower is provided with a replacement port for replacing the chelating resin particles at a position corresponding to the placement tray. The chelating resin particles in the placement tray decrease in size from top to bottom, and the filling volume of the chelating resin particles in the placement tray is 70%.

4. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the rotating drum extends into the feed pipe, and the bottom end passes through the bottom surface of the filter chamber and the two placement plates from top to bottom and extends into the backwash water inlet pipe. The rotating drum is rotatably connected to the filter chamber and the two placement plates. A support member is provided at the bottom of the filter tower, and the rotating drum is rotatably connected to the support member.

5. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating drum has a cavity inside, and the inner end of the roller passes through the wall of the rotating drum and extends into the cavity. A bevel gear is coaxially fixed to the end face of the inner end of the roller.

6. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the fixing rod is embedded in the top surface of the cavity and the two are rotatably connected. The bottom end of the fixing rod passes downward through the central shaft of the fan blade below. The bottom end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the backwash water inlet pipe. Several helical toothed discs are coaxially provided on the wall of the fixing rod. The positions of the helical toothed discs correspond one-to-one with the positions of the placement discs. The bevel gears of the same height mesh with the corresponding helical toothed discs.

7. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The float is located between the uppermost placement plate and the filter chamber. The inner wall of the filter tower is fixed with several limiting rings, and each of the limiting rings corresponds to a certain number of connecting rods. The connecting rods are slidably connected to the corresponding limiting rings.

8. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting ring has symmetrically fixed protruding rods on its top surface. A horizontal sliding cavity is provided inside the protruding rod. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity. The inner end of the sliding rod passes through the sliding cavity and is connected to a ball bearing. A spring is provided between the sliding rod and the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

9. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the filter chamber is symmetrically fixed with abutting parts on the left and right. The abutting parts have a groove in the middle of their outer side. The groove surface is inclined inward from top to bottom. The ball abuts against the groove surface on the corresponding side. The outer wall of the abutting parts is provided with a horizontal spring hole above the corresponding groove. The inner wall of the spring hole on the right side is provided with a point control switch.

10. The multi-stage filtration device for low-heavy-metal content composite culture medium for Haematococcus pluvialis cultivation as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The point control switch is electrically connected to the control valves of the feed pipe, the backflushing water inlet pipe, the discharge pipe, and the backflushing water outlet pipe via signal lines.

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