A nano-bubble liquid preparation system and application

Abstract

The application provides a preparation system and application of a nano-bubble liquid; the system comprises a first gas supply assembly, a second gas supply assembly, a first liquid device, a second liquid device, a bubble generator, a buffer and a booster pump; the first gas supply assembly provides mixed gas with a carbon dioxide to air volume ratio of 8:2 to a first spiral pipe, the second gas supply assembly provides air to a second spiral pipe, nano-pores are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the two pipes, and a nano-level filter membrane is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the generator; the first liquid device injects a base liquid into a closed cavity of the generator, the generated solution passes through the second liquid device filled with a stable solution, and then is sent out through the buffer and the booster pump; the system can accurately control the proportion of bubbles, solves the problems of easy dissolution and agglomeration and dispersion of single carbon dioxide bubbles, and finally obtains a stable nano-bubble liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nanobubble liquid technology, and in particular to a nanobubble liquid preparation system and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Nanobubble liquids are widely used in surface mineralization, pollutant degradation, flotation separation and other applications due to the unique advantages of nanobubbles, such as large specific surface area, high mass transfer efficiency and long residence time.

[0003] Currently, common methods for producing nanobubble liquids include dissolved gas release, venturi tube method, and mechanical rotary cutting method. Among these, pressurized dissolved gas release is the most widely used conventional technology in the industry due to its relatively simple equipment structure, convenient operation, and low difficulty in industrial scale-up. The core principle of pressurized dissolved gas release is to use pressurized equipment to make the gas reach a supersaturated dissolved state in the liquid, and then release the supersaturated gas as nanobubbles by depressurization, thereby forming a nanobubble liquid.

[0004] The base liquid in nanobubble liquids is typically deionized water, and the infused gas is usually air, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. Nanobubble liquids produced in this way generally only meet the needs of short-distance use and are unsuitable for long-distance transport. On the one hand, due to the lack of a targeted stabilization and control system, nanobubbles are prone to aggregation, floating, or collapse, resulting in a short half-life and difficulty in maintaining long-term stability. On the other hand, factors such as shear force and pressure fluctuations during long-distance transport further exacerbate bubble instability and destruction, causing key indicators such as bubble concentration and particle size distribution at the target location to deviate significantly from design requirements, thus failing to guarantee application effectiveness.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved technical solution that addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a preparation system and application of nanobubble liquid, which improves the controllability and stability of nanobubbles, thereby solving or alleviating the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This application provides a nanobubble liquid preparation system, including a first gas supply component, a second gas supply component, a first liquid device, a second liquid device, a bubble generator, a buffer, and a booster pump;

[0009] The bubble generator includes a generator body with a sealed cavity inside, a first spiral pipe and a second spiral pipe disposed in the sealed cavity; the surfaces of the first spiral pipe and the second spiral pipe are covered with nanopores; the generator body has an inlet and an outlet at both ends, and nanoscale filter membranes are disposed at the inlet and outlet;

[0010] The first gas supply component provides a homogeneous mixture of carbon dioxide and air in a volume ratio of 8:2, and the outlet of the first gas supply component is connected to the inlet of the first spiral pipe through a first gas passage; the second gas supply component provides air, and the outlet of the second gas supply component is connected to the inlet of the second spiral pipe through a second gas passage.

[0011] The outlet of the first liquid device is connected to a sealed cavity to provide a base liquid to the sealed cavity;

[0012] The outlet of the bubble generator is connected to a buffer via a second liquid device; the second liquid device contains a stable solution; the buffer fully fuses the solution generated in the sealed cavity with the stable solution to form a stable nanobubble liquid, which is then pumped out by a booster pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the nanopores on the surfaces of the first and second spiral pipes are identical in size and layout; the length ratio of the first and second spiral pipes is 7:3, resulting in a 7:3 ratio of mixed gas nanobubbles to air nanobubbles generated in the base liquid.

[0014] Furthermore, the base liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-10 parts nano-silica particles, 3-5 parts citric acid, and 32-55 parts deionized water.

[0015] The stable solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts carbon powder particles (particle size 1-20 micrometers), 4-8 parts sodium dodecyl sulfonate (surfactant), and 15-20 parts deionized water.

[0016] Furthermore, the nanobubble liquid preparation system also includes a pressurizing device, which is used to dissolve carbon dioxide into the solution in the first liquid device to form a mixed solution, and adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 3.8-4.0 by the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved.

[0017] Furthermore, the pore diameter of the nanoscale filter membrane is less than 800 nm; the diameter of the nanopores on the surfaces of the first and second spiral channels is 50-200 nm, and the density is 10. 7 -10 9 pcs / m 2 .

[0018] Furthermore, a swing nozzle is also provided on the generator body between the first spiral pipe and the second spiral pipe. The outlet of the first liquid device is connected to the swing nozzle, which drives it to swing and flush the nano-sized bubbles and impurity particles adsorbed on the surface of the first spiral pipe and the second spiral pipe, preventing the nanopores from becoming blocked.

[0019] The present invention also proposes an application of the aforementioned nanobubble liquid preparation system, wherein the nanobubble liquid outlet of the nanobubble liquid preparation system is connected to a carbon sequestration reaction well, and the nanobubble liquid prepared therein is injected into the sequestration medium before carbon dioxide is injected, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the sequestration medium from clogging.

[0020] Furthermore, in the nanobubble liquid, the particle size distribution of the nanobubbles ranges from 400nm to 800nm, and approximately follows a normal distribution with a mean of about 650nm and a standard deviation of about 74nm; among them, the number of bubbles with a particle size between 600nm and 700nm accounts for more than 50% of the total.

[0021] Furthermore, before injecting carbon dioxide, nanobubble liquid is injected at a specific pressure and flow rate, using a cyclic injection process of "injecting for 1 hour and stopping for 2 hours" until the pore pressure in the target area is monitored to reach stability.

[0022] During the first cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 3-5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. Subsequently, for each additional cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 1-1.5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium until the pore pressure difference between different monitoring wells in all monitoring areas during the shutdown period is less than 1 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. At this point, the injection of nanobubble fluid can be stopped.

[0023] Furthermore, the dynamic flow control strategy for the nanobubble liquid injection system, its injection flow rate... It is a function of the injection period n, following ;

[0024] in, The initial flow coefficient is set between 0.3 and 0.6 to ensure that the flow rate is actively reduced during the initial injection stage, thereby enhancing the blocking effect of nanobubbles on the dominant seepage channels and the homogenization effect on low-permeability areas. The system's time constant is determined based on the initial degree of heterogeneity of the tailings; It is a natural constant;

[0025] To inject traffic:

[0026] ;

[0027] in: The permeability of the storage medium (unit: m) 2 This value is determined in advance by the laboratory; It is the effective injection layer thickness (unit: m); Injection pressure (unit: Pa); This refers to fluid viscosity (unit: Pa·s). It refers to the radius of influence or drainage radius (unit: m), and the wells are arranged in a regular hexagonal grid. It can be calculated as ,in This refers to the well spacing, in meters (m). It is the well radius (unit: m), which is determined by the actual needs on site.

[0028] Furthermore, a specific ultrasonic generator is installed inside the carbon sequestration reaction well, and the ultrasonic power density of the specific ultrasonic generator is 80 W / cm². 2 During the pretreatment of the nanobubble liquid injection, if the actual flow rate at the set injection pressure is abnormal... Less than the preset flow rate ,and This situation triggers a cavitation effect to clean the pore channel process, using 80W / cm 2 Ultrasonic waves are used to clean the cavitation channel through cavitation effect.

[0029] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In this application, the gas source uses a mixture of air and carbon dioxide, along with air, and a spiral pipe of a specific length. This allows for precise control of the production ratio of the two types of bubbles. Furthermore, the nanobubbles are stabilized using a base liquid and a stabilizing solution, ultimately yielding a nanobubble liquid with the required parameters. This avoids the problem that single carbon dioxide bubbles are prone to rapid dissolution, aggregation, and dissipation, making it difficult to maintain stable long-term retention.

[0031] The application provides a technique for using ultra-stable bubble pretreatment to prevent blockage of seepage channels, homogenize the seepage field, and improve long-term storage efficiency. Before injecting carbon dioxide into the storage medium, nanobubble liquid is pre-injected. The nanobubbles can block the dominant seepage channels of the storage medium and homogenize the pore structure of low-permeability areas, avoiding local blockage caused by uneven channels during carbon dioxide injection and ensuring the smoothness of carbon sequestration. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. Wherein:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the copper tailings used in the verification example of this invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a SEM image (magnification 4340x) of the storage medium after pretreatment with nanobubble liquid and carbon sequestration in the verification example of this invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a SEM image (magnification 4140x) of the storage medium after carbon sequestration in the control group of the verification example of this invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the nanobubble liquid in the verification example of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a simulated tailings dam in a verification example of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 1-First air supply component, 2-Second air supply component, 3-First liquid device, 4-Second liquid device, 5-Bubble generator, 6-First spiral pipe, 7-Second spiral pipe, 8-Nanoscale filter membrane, 9-Pressure device, 10-Buffer, 11-Oscillating nozzle, 12-Boost pump. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. In fact, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the present application encompass such modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0042] In the following description, the terms "first / second" are used merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first / second" may be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a nanobubble liquid preparation system includes a first gas supply component 1, a second gas supply component 2, a first liquid device 3, a second liquid device 4, a bubble generator 5, a buffer 10, and a booster pump 12; the buffer 10 is transparent or has a transparent observation window, which allows observation of the state of the finally generated nanobubble liquid.

[0044] The bubble generator 5 includes a generator body with a sealed cavity inside, a first spiral pipe 6 and a second spiral pipe 7 disposed in the sealed cavity; the surfaces of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 are covered with nanopores; the generator body has an inlet and an outlet at both ends, and a nano-scale filter membrane 8 is disposed at the inlet and outlet; the generator body has two inlets, which correspond to the inlet ends of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 respectively;

[0045] The first gas supply component 1 provides a homogeneous mixture of carbon dioxide and air at a volume ratio of 8:2. The outlet of the first gas supply component 1 is connected to the inlet of the first spiral pipe 6 through a first gas passage. The second gas supply component 2 provides air. The outlet of the second gas supply component 2 is connected to the inlet of the second spiral pipe 7 through a second gas passage. Note that the volume of carbon dioxide in the mixture should not be too high, as air is needed to balance the reduced air pressure caused by carbon dioxide dissolving in water.

[0046] The outlet of the first liquid device 3 is connected to a sealed cavity to provide a base liquid to the sealed cavity;

[0047] The outlet of the bubble generator 5 is connected to the buffer 10 via the second liquid device 4; the second liquid device 4 contains a stable solution; the buffer 10 fully fuses the solution generated in the sealed cavity with the stable solution to form a stable nanobubble liquid before sending it out.

[0048] The nanopores on the surfaces of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 have the same size and layout; the length ratio of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 is 7:3, and the gas supply pressure of the first gas supply component 1 and the second gas supply component 2 is the same, so that the ratio of the number of mixed gas nanobubbles and air nanobubbles generated in the base liquid is 7:3.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, the pressure of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 is three standard atmospheres (0.3 MPa), and the gas flow rate is 3 m / s; the flow rate of the base liquid in the closed cavity is 2.6 m / s.

[0050] The base liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-10 parts nano silica particles, 3-5 parts citric acid, and 32-55 parts deionized water.

[0051] The stable solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts carbon powder particles (particle size 1-20 micrometers), 4-8 parts sodium dodecyl sulfonate (surfactant), and 15-20 parts deionized water.

[0052] Furthermore, the nanobubble liquid preparation system also includes a pressurizing device 9, which is used to dissolve carbon dioxide into the solution in the first liquid device 3 to form a mixed solution, and adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to 3.8-4.0 by the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved; since the pH value of the nanobubble liquid is controlled by the amount of CO2 added, the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved can be known by the pH value.

[0053] The nanoscale filter membrane 8 has a pore diameter of less than 800 nm; the nanopores on the surfaces of the first spiral channel 6 and the second spiral channel 7 have a diameter of 50-200 nm and a density of 10. 7 -10 9 pcs / m 2 Preferably, the nanopores have a diameter of 100 nm and a density of 10. 8 pcs / m 2 .

[0054] The generator body between the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7 is also provided with an oscillating nozzle 11 or a rotating nozzle. The outlet of the first liquid device 3 is connected to the oscillating nozzle 11 to drive it to oscillate or rotate and flush the nano-sized bubbles and impurity particles adsorbed on the surface of the first spiral pipe 6 and the second spiral pipe 7, so as to prevent the nanopores from being blocked.

[0055] The present invention also proposes an application of the aforementioned nanobubble liquid preparation system, wherein the nanobubble liquid outlet of the nanobubble liquid preparation system is connected to a carbon sequestration reaction well, and the nanobubble liquid prepared therein is injected into the sequestration medium before carbon dioxide is injected, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the sequestration medium from clogging.

[0056] Furthermore, in the nanobubble liquid, the particle size distribution of the nanobubbles ranges from 400nm to 800nm, and approximately follows a normal distribution with a mean of about 650nm and a standard deviation of about 74nm; among them, the number of bubbles with a particle size between 600nm and 700nm accounts for more than 50% of the total.

[0057] Furthermore, before injecting carbon dioxide, nanobubble liquid is injected at a specific pressure and flow rate, using a cyclic injection process of "injecting for 1 hour and stopping for 2 hours" until the pore pressure in the target area is monitored to reach stability.

[0058] During the first cycle, the water column height pressure is increased by 3-5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. Subsequently, for each additional cycle, the water column height pressure is increased by 1-1.5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium until the pore pressure difference between different monitoring wells in all monitoring areas is less than 1 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium, at which point the injection of nanobubble fluid can be stopped.

[0059] Furthermore, the dynamic flow control strategy for the nanobubble liquid injection system, its injection flow rate... It is a function of the injection period n, following ;

[0060] in, The initial flow coefficient is set between 0.3 and 0.6 to ensure that the flow rate is actively reduced during the initial injection stage, thereby enhancing the blocking effect of nanobubbles on the dominant seepage channels and the homogenization effect on low-permeability areas. The system's time constant is determined based on the initial degree of heterogeneity of the tailings; It is a natural constant;

[0061] To inject traffic:

[0062] ;

[0063] in: The permeability of the storage medium (unit: m) 2 This value is determined in advance by the laboratory; It is the effective injection layer thickness (unit: m); Injection pressure (unit: Pa); This refers to fluid viscosity (unit: Pa·s). It refers to the radius of influence or drainage radius (unit: m), and the wells are arranged in a regular hexagonal grid. It can be calculated as ,in This refers to the well spacing, in meters (m). It is the well radius (unit: m), which is determined by the actual needs on site.

[0064] Furthermore, a specific ultrasonic generator is installed inside the carbon sequestration reaction well, and the ultrasonic power density of the specific ultrasonic generator is 80 W / cm². 2 During the pretreatment of the nanobubble liquid injection, if the actual flow rate at the set injection pressure is abnormal... Less than the preset flow rate ,and This situation triggers a cavitation effect to clean the pore channel process, using 80W / cm 2 Ultrasonic waves are used to clean the cavitation channel through cavitation effect.

[0065] Application examples

[0066] Taking carbon dioxide sequestration in tailings ponds as an example, the well network structure is generally a composite network composed of reaction wells and monitoring wells. The well network layout is a regular hexagon, with reaction wells located at each vertex and monitoring wells at the center. If the effective injection layer thickness of the sequestration medium exceeds 5 meters, the side length of the hexagon is taken as 10 meters; if the effective injection layer thickness is less than 5 meters, the side length of the hexagon is twice the effective injection layer thickness, maximizing the coverage and control capabilities for heterogeneous reservoirs. The monitoring well is located at the center of the hexagon and monitors core parameters including pore water pressure, flow rate, and pH value.

[0067] A typical carbon sequestration injection procedure includes a clearly defined main reaction phase and a maintenance phase. The main reaction phase, which is the primary mineralization phase, involves injecting only carbonated water containing dissolved carbon dioxide. The pH value of the carbonated water is adjusted to approximately 3.9 by adjusting the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide. The maintenance phase involves monitoring the safety and stability of the tailings dam after carbon sequestration is completed.

[0068] Existing in-situ CO2 mineralization technologies for tailings share a common bottleneck: the "reaction self-limitation effect." The mineralization reaction initially occurs around the injection well and in the dominant seepage channels, where rapidly formed carbonate crystals clog these critical pores. This prevents the effective transport of subsequent CO2 and reaction media into the tailings, rendering the vast majority of tailings unable to participate in the reaction and drastically reducing overall storage efficiency. The inherent permeability heterogeneity within the tailings dam (high-porosity zones and low-porosity zones) further exacerbates this "short-circuit" effect.

[0069] The application of a nanobubble liquid preparation system disclosed in this application connects the nanobubble liquid outlet of the system to a carbon sequestration reaction well. The prepared nanobubble liquid is injected into the sequestration medium before carbon dioxide injection, achieving the purpose of preventing clogging in the sequestration medium. This is equivalent to adding a pretreatment stage before the main reaction stage, employing a periodic, variable flow-pressure injection mode. Its core control objective is to converge the pore pressure response differences at each monitoring point to within a set threshold, completing the initial homogenization of the seepage field. This allows for two key preparatory steps within the sequestration medium:

[0070] (1) Reserved reaction channels: By utilizing the stable existence of ultrastable bubbles and their cavitation effect, a series of channels are pre-created and stabilized at the mesoscale to provide a persistent material transport path for subsequent main mineralization reactions.

[0071] (2) Homogenized seepage field: By the retention and pressurization effect of ultra-stable bubbles in the low-permeability area, the seepage advantage of the high-porosity area is reduced, and the subsequent reaction medium is forced to enter the low-porosity area more uniformly, so as to realize the "full-area activation" of the tailings dam.

[0072] Furthermore, in the nanobubble liquid, the particle size distribution of the nanobubbles ranges from 400nm to 800nm, and approximately follows a normal distribution with a mean of about 650nm and a standard deviation of about 74nm; among them, the number of bubbles with a particle size between 600nm and 700nm accounts for more than 50% of the total.

[0073] Before injecting carbon dioxide, nanobubble liquid is injected at a specific pressure and flow rate, using a cyclic injection process of "inject for 1 hour and stop for 2 hours" until the pore pressure in the target area is monitored to be stable.

[0074] During the first cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 4 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. Subsequently, for each additional cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 1 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium, until the pore pressure difference between different monitoring wells in all monitoring areas during the shutdown period is less than the water column pressure of the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. At this point, the injection of the nanobubble fluid can be stopped. The injection pressure can be expressed as: ,in: Injection pressure, unit: MPa; The number of cycles; Density of nanobubble liquid, unit: kg / m³ 3 ; The acceleration due to gravity is taken as 9.8 m / s². 2 ; The effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium, in meters (m).

[0075] The dynamic flow control strategy for the nanobubble liquid injection system, and its injection flow rate. It is a function of the injection period n, following ;

[0076] in, The initial flow coefficient is set between 0.3 and 0.6 to ensure that the flow rate is actively reduced during the initial injection stage, thereby enhancing the blocking effect of nanobubbles on the dominant seepage channels and the homogenization effect on low-permeability areas. The system's time constant is determined based on the initial degree of heterogeneity of the tailings; It is a natural constant;

[0077] This function is a dynamic function based on time or number of cycles. It is designed to initially inject at a low rate to enhance the regulation of the high-permeability zone, and then gradually increase to the theoretically optimal flow rate to achieve a smooth transition from "field modification" to "high-efficiency reaction". This control method realizes a smooth and adaptive transition from "low-speed homogenization of the initial heterogeneous field" to "high-efficiency mineralization of the final homogeneous field", which is the core control logic to ensure the coordinated realization of anti-clogging and high-efficiency storage.

[0078] For the ideal injection flow rate, calculations are performed based on Darcy's law for radial flow:

[0079] ;

[0080] in: The permeability of the storage medium (unit: m) 2 This value is determined in advance by the laboratory; It is the effective injection layer thickness (unit: m); Injection pressure (unit: Pa); This refers to fluid viscosity (unit: Pa·s). It refers to the radius of influence or drainage radius (unit: m), and the wells are arranged in a regular hexagonal grid. It can be calculated as ,in This refers to the well spacing, in meters (m). It is the well radius (unit: m), which is determined by the actual needs on site.

[0081] The anti-clogging and homogenization mechanism of nano-bubble liquid is as follows:

[0082] (1) Physical occupancy and channel reservation: Nanobubbles exist stably in pores due to their high Zeta potential and viscosity. The space they occupy and the "gas film" formed on their surface can effectively prevent the carbonate crystals generated later from completely blocking the pore throat. Nano carbon particles can preferentially block the large pores in the tailings.

[0083] (2) Cavitation effect cleans the pores: Under specific ultrasound (80W / cm) 2 Under the trigger, some nano-air bubbles collapse (the carbon dioxide-containing nano-bubbles form a certain thickness of hard pore structure due to mineralization reaction and preferential crystallization, without breaking), and the generated micro-jet can impact and clean the generated carbonate passivation layer, playing an in-situ unblocking role.

[0084] (3) Adjusting permeability: Nanobubbles preferentially enter and remain in the high-permeability region, increasing the flow resistance in the region through the Jamin effect, thereby forcing the subsequent fluid to turn to other unoccupied regions with lower permeability, thus achieving a uniform distribution of the reaction medium.

[0085] (4) Intelligent control strategy: During the pretreatment of nanobubble liquid injection, if the actual flow rate at the set injection pressure is abnormal, the system will take measures to control the flow rate. Less than the preset flow rate ,and This situation triggers a cavitation effect to clean the pores, using specific ultrasound (80W / cm). 2 (to clean the cavitation channel)

[0086] Verification Example

[0087] To verify the effectiveness of the nanobubble liquid of this application, a simulation experiment was conducted indoors.

[0088] In the preparation system of nanobubble liquid, the pressure in the first and second spiral pipes is three standard atmospheres (0.3 MPa), and the gas flow rate is 3 m / s; the flow rate of the base liquid in the closed cavity is 2.6 m / s.

[0089] The base liquid comprises the following components by weight: 15g hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 10g nano silica particles, 5g citric acid, and 55ml deionized water.

[0090] The stable solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts carbon powder particles (average particle size of about 10 micrometers), 8 parts sodium dodecyl sulfonate (surfactant), and 20 parts deionized water.

[0091] The pH of the mixed solution in the first liquid device is adjusted to 3.9 using a pressurizing device; the nanopores on the first and second spiral pipes have a diameter of 100 nm and a density of 10. 8 pcs / m 2 ;

[0092] In this embodiment, the sealing medium is copper tailings, and the particle size distribution of the copper tailings is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 2 Limited by the test site, such as Figure 6 As shown, a flat-topped copper tailings pile is built on the ground to simulate a tailings dam, and six injection wells and monitoring wells are arranged on top of it. The six injection wells are arranged in a regular hexagon, with a monitoring well placed at the center of the hexagon, and two of the opposite injection wells also serving as monitoring wells. The radius of the injection wells is 2 cm, and the spacing between the wells is 70 cm. The effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium is 35 cm. The viscosity of the injected nano-sized bubble aqueous solution is 2.98 mPa·s. A cyclic injection process of "injecting for 1 hour and stopping for 2 hours" is adopted. The injection pressure in the first cycle is four times the water column height of the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. Subsequently, the pressure increases by one time the water column height of the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium for each additional cycle.

[0093] The injection cycle consisted of 13 cycles. Sampling was performed at the stop phase of each cycle, and the results were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The flow rates for each injection cycle are shown in the table below:

[0094] Table 1. Flow rate and pressure for each injection cycle in the verification example.

[0095]

[0096] A control group was set up, in which carbonated water was directly injected into the reaction well without the nanobubble liquid pretreatment stage, and the pH of the carbonated water was ≈3.9; the experimental results, as shown by SEM scanning, revealed that the control group could not produce many effective pores.

[0097] Figure 5 The morphology of the nanobubble liquid prepared for this verification example; Figure 3 The image shows the sealing effect after pretreatment with the above-mentioned nanobubble liquid followed by injection with carbonated water (pH≈3.9) (SEM image, magnification 4340x). Figure 4 The image shows the sealing effect of the control group (SEM image, magnification 4140x). As can be seen from the image, Figure 3 The medium in the storage medium exhibits a loose, porous morphology; the channels formed by mineralization are not blocked, and the porosity is significantly greater than that of the medium. Figure 4 ; Figure 4 The encapsulated medium has a denser structure with significantly fewer pores, and some areas show signs of blockage. These results indicate that pretreatment with nano-bubble liquid can effectively maintain the pore structure during the mineralization process and prevent channel blockage.

[0098] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A system for producing a nano bubble liquid, characterized by: It includes a first air supply assembly (1), a second air supply assembly (2), a first liquid device (3), a second liquid device (4), a bubble generator (5), a buffer (10), and a booster pump (12). The bubble generator (5) includes a generator body with a sealed cavity inside, a first spiral pipe (6) and a second spiral pipe (7) disposed in the sealed cavity; the surfaces of the first spiral pipe (6) and the second spiral pipe (7) are covered with nanopores; the generator body has an inlet and an outlet at both ends, and a nano-scale filter membrane (8) is disposed at the inlet and outlet. The first gas supply component (1) provides a homogeneous mixture of carbon dioxide and air in a volume ratio of 8:2, and the outlet of the first gas supply component (1) is connected to the inlet of the first spiral pipe (6); the second gas supply component (2) provides air, and the outlet of the second gas supply component (2) is connected to the inlet of the second spiral pipe (7). The outlet of the first liquid device (3) is connected to a sealed cavity to provide a base liquid to the sealed cavity; The outlet of the bubble generator (5) is connected to the buffer (10) via the second liquid device (4); the second liquid device (4) contains a stable solution; the buffer (10) fully fuses the solution generated in the sealed cavity with the stable solution to form a stable nanobubble liquid, which is then sent out by the booster pump (12).

2. The system for producing a nano bubble liquid according to claim 1, wherein: The nanopores on the surfaces of the first spiral pipe (6) and the second spiral pipe (7) have the same size and layout; the length ratio of the first spiral pipe (6) and the second spiral pipe (7) is 7:3, so that the ratio of the number of mixed gas nanobubbles and air nanobubbles generated in the base liquid is 7:

3. 3.The system for preparing a nano bubble liquid according to claim 1, wherein: The base liquid comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-10 parts nano silica particles, 3-5 parts citric acid, and 32-55 parts deionized water. The stable solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts toner particles, 4-8 parts sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and 15-20 parts deionized water; the toner particles have a particle size of 1-20 micrometers. 4.The system for preparing a nano bubble liquid according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a pressurizing device (9) for dissolving carbon dioxide in the solution in the first liquid device (3) to form a mixed solution, and adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3.8-4.0 by the amount of carbon dioxide dissolved.

5. The nanobubble liquid preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A swing nozzle (11) is also provided on the generator body between the first spiral pipe (6) and the second spiral pipe (7). The outlet of the first liquid device (3) is connected to the swing nozzle (11), which drives it to swing and scour the surfaces of the first spiral pipe (6) and the second spiral pipe (7).

6. Use of a system for producing a nano bubble liquid as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: The nanobubble liquid preparation system is connected to the nanobubble liquid outlet of the carbon sequestration reaction well. The nanobubble liquid prepared by the system is injected into the sequestration medium before carbon dioxide is injected, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing the sequestration medium from clogging.

7. Use of the nanobubble liquid preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the nanobubble liquid, the particle size distribution of the nanobubbles ranges from 400nm to 800nm, and approximately follows a normal distribution with a mean of about 650nm and a standard deviation of about 74nm; among them, the number of bubbles with a particle size between 600nm and 700nm accounts for more than 50% of the total.

8. Use of the nanobubble liquid preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before injecting carbon dioxide, nanobubble liquid is injected at a specific pressure and flow rate, using a cyclic injection process of "inject for 1 hour and stop for 2 hours" until the pore pressure in the target area is monitored to reach stability. During the first cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 3-5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. Subsequently, for each additional cycle, the injection pressure is increased by 1-1.5 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium until the pore pressure difference between different monitoring wells in all monitoring areas during the shutdown period is less than 1 times the effective injection layer thickness of the sealing medium. At this point, the injection of nanobubble fluid can be stopped.

9. Use of the nanobubble liquid preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dynamic flow control strategy for the nanobubble liquid injection system, its injection flow rate It is a function of the injection period n, following ; in, The initial flow coefficient is set between 0.3 and 0.6 to ensure that the flow rate is actively reduced during the initial injection stage, thereby enhancing the blocking effect of nanobubbles on the dominant seepage channels and the homogenization effect on low-permeability areas. The system's time constant is determined based on the initial degree of heterogeneity of the tailings; It is a natural constant; For injection flow: ； in: It is the permeability of the storage medium, in meters. 2 This value was determined in advance by the laboratory; It is the effective injection layer thickness, in meters (m). This is the injection pressure, measured in Pa. It is the viscosity of the fluid, measured in Pa·s. It refers to the radius of influence or drainage radius, in meters. The wells are arranged in a regular hexagonal grid. It can be calculated as ,in This refers to the well spacing, in meters (m). It is the well radius, in meters, and is determined by the actual needs on site.

10. Use of the nanobubble liquid preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The carbon sequestration reaction well is equipped with a specific ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic power density of which is 80 W / cm². 2 During the pretreatment of the nanobubble liquid injection, if the actual flow rate at the set injection pressure is abnormal... Less than the preset flow rate ,and This situation triggers a cavitation effect to clean the pore channel process, using 80W / cm 2 Ultrasonic waves are used to clean the cavitation channel through cavitation effect.

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