Auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal type linkage machining machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool machining centers, and discloses a gantry and horizontal linkage machining tool auxiliary positioning structure which comprises a base and a gantry frame, the base comprises a fixed seat and a bearing platform corresponding to the fixed seat, an auxiliary positioning assembly is arranged in the bearing platform and comprises a plurality of storage boxes, and the storage boxes are arranged in the gantry frame. A plurality of storage boxes are arranged on the upper surface of the bearing platform, a plurality of ejector rods are connected to the upper surface of each storage box in an inserted mode, the top ends of the ejector rods penetrate through the bearing platform, and corresponding air pumping devices are installed on the bottom faces of the storage boxes. The problem of local deformation of the workpiece caused by traditional fixed supporting is effectively avoided, friction force between the ejector rod and the workpiece is enhanced through arrangement of the annular rubber pad, the horizontal displacement risk of the workpiece in the machining process can be remarkably reduced through cooperation with the limiting effect of the guide groove and the sliding block, and the positioning stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool machining center technology, and particularly to auxiliary positioning structures for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for integrated machining of large and complex parts in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry, such as aero-engine casings, heavy machine tool beds, and rail transit frames, gantry-horizontal linkage machining equipment with moving worktables is gradually becoming the mainstream machining equipment. This type of equipment can carry workpieces between gantry milling stations and horizontal boring or drilling stations by moving the worktable, which can realize multi-process continuous machining of the same workpiece, greatly improving production efficiency and machining consistency.

[0003] An existing patent (publication number: CN221871032U) discloses a gantry composite machining center, including a base and a gantry frame. An X-axis guide rail is fixed on the base, and a worktable is slidably connected to the X-axis guide rail. The worktable is driven by an X-axis servo drive mechanism to slide on the X-axis guide rail. A Y-axis guide rail assembly is fixed on the crossbeam at the top of the gantry frame, and a slide block is slidably connected to the Y-axis guide rail assembly. The slide block is driven by a Y-axis servo drive mechanism to slide on the Y-axis guide rail assembly. A Z-axis guide rail is fixed on the slide block and slidably connected to the Z-axis guide rail. The slide block is driven by a Z-axis servo drive mechanism to slide on the Z-axis guide rail. A horizontal spindle and a vertical spindle are respectively provided on the lower two sides of the slide block. By simultaneously setting an oblique spindle at the front end of the base, the composite machining center can realize the five-sided machining of the workpiece, reducing the number of workpiece clamping times and time, and effectively improving the machining accuracy and efficiency of the workpiece.

[0004] Although this application reduces the number of workpiece clamping operations and time, effectively improving the machining accuracy and efficiency, in actual use, the collision between the horizontal and vertical spindles and the workpiece causes the workpiece to shake, which in turn affects the positioning accuracy during machining. At the same time, since the machining spindle is installed on one side of the gantry beam, the spindle box applies a unilateral load to the gantry beam for a long time, which can easily cause slight deformation of the beam, further aggravating the positioning error. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary positioning structure for a gantry and horizontal linkage machining center, comprising a base and a gantry frame. The base includes a fixed seat and a bearing platform corresponding to the fixed seat. An auxiliary positioning component is provided inside the bearing platform. The auxiliary positioning component includes multiple storage boxes. Multiple top rods are inserted into the upper surface of each storage box. The top of each top rod penetrates the bearing platform. A corresponding air pump is installed on the bottom surface of each storage box. Multiple sleeves corresponding to the top rods are fixed to the inner bottom wall of each storage box. A transverse guide rail is fixed on the gantry frame. A movable support arm is slidably connected to the upper surface of the transverse guide rail. A lifting work platform is provided at one end of the movable support arm, and a counterweight assembly is provided at the other end of the movable support arm. The counterweight assembly includes a bearing plate disposed on the upper surface of the movable support arm, and a counterweight block is installed on the upper surface of the bearing plate. An adjustment device is installed on the upper surface of the movable support arm, and the output end of the adjustment device is connected to the bearing plate.

[0007] Preferably, the upper surface of the fixed base is provided with a guide groove adapted to the bearing platform, the bottom surface of the bearing platform is fixed with a slider, the slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove, and a longitudinal drive mechanism for driving the bearing platform to move along the length direction of the guide groove is installed on one side of the fixed base. The longitudinal drive mechanism adopts a transmission method of servo motor and ball screw, and its output end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bearing platform.

[0008] Preferably, the storage boxes are distributed in a matrix inside the support platform, and each storage box independently corresponds to a set of air pumping devices. The air pumping devices are miniature air pumps, with their air inlet connected to an external air source and their air outlet connected to the inside of the storage box through an air guide pipe. By controlling the air pressure in different areas of the storage boxes, the corresponding top rods can be driven to rise and fall independently, thereby achieving multi-point support and leveling of different areas of the workpiece bottom surface.

[0009] Preferably, a piston plate is fixed to the bottom end of the push rod, and the piston plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The bottom end of the sleeve has an air passage that communicates with the inside of the storage box. When the air pumping device pumps gas into the storage box, the gas enters the sleeve through the air passage, pushing the piston plate to move the push rod upward. When the air pumping device evacuates the air, a negative pressure is formed inside the sleeve, and the piston plate moves the push rod downward to reset under the action of the external atmospheric pressure.

[0010] Preferably, a return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod. The top end of the return spring abuts against the bottom surface of the storage box, and the bottom end abuts against the piston plate, which can assist the push rod to quickly return to its original position.

[0011] Preferably, a pressure sensor is embedded in the top of the push rod. The detection end of the pressure sensor is in contact with the bottom surface of the workpiece, and its signal output end is electrically connected to an external control system through a wire. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure value of each support point in real time. When the workpiece is placed on the push rod, the control system automatically adjusts the working state of the corresponding air pump device according to the feedback data from the pressure sensor, so that the supporting force of each push rod is kept balanced and the workpiece is prevented from deforming due to excessive local force.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the push rod is provided with an annular groove, and an annular rubber pad is fitted on the inner wall of the annular groove. The upper surface of the annular rubber pad is flush with the top of the push rod. When the push rod contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece, the annular rubber pad can increase the friction between the two, prevent the workpiece from undergoing horizontal displacement during processing, and at the same time play a buffering role to avoid the top of the push rod causing indentation or damage to the surface of the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse guide rail is a high-precision linear guide rail with a rectangular cross-section. The bottom surface of the movable support arm is fixed with a sliding seat adapted to the transverse guide rail. The inner wall of the sliding seat is connected to the outer wall of the transverse guide rail by rolling balls. A transverse drive mechanism is installed at one end of the gantry frame, and its output end is fixedly connected to the side of the movable support arm. The transverse drive mechanism can drive the movable support arm to move stably along the transverse guide rail.

[0014] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention achieves multi-point dynamic support for the bottom surface of the workpiece by setting up auxiliary positioning components and utilizing a matrix-distributed storage box and an independently lifting top rod structure. When the workpiece is placed on the support platform, pressure sensors monitor the support pressure of each top rod in real time. The external control system automatically controls the operation of the pumping device in the corresponding area based on the pressure data. By adjusting the air pressure in the storage box to drive the top rod to rise and fall, the pressure of each support point on the bottom surface of the workpiece is balanced, effectively avoiding the problem of local deformation of the workpiece caused by traditional fixed support. The setting of the annular rubber pad enhances the friction between the top rod and the workpiece. Combined with the limiting effect of the guide groove and the slider, it can significantly reduce the risk of horizontal displacement of the workpiece during processing and improve positioning stability.

[0015] 2. Through the design of the counterweight component, this invention can effectively balance the load at both ends of the movable support arm. When the lifting worktable moves the machining spindle to different heights, the adjustment device can drive the bearing plate to slide along the length of the movable support arm, changing the center of gravity of the counterweight block. This dynamically offsets the unilateral torque of the spindle box on the transverse guide rail, ensuring the overall force balance of the movable support arm, reducing the bending deformation of the transverse guide rail caused by long-term unilateral force, and thus ensuring the relative position accuracy of the tool and the workpiece during the machining process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary positioning structure of the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial sectional view of the fixing seat of the auxiliary positioning structure for the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center of the present invention; Figure 3 A bottom view of the storage box of the auxiliary positioning structure for the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a sectional view of the side view of the sleeve of the auxiliary positioning structure for the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a top view of the movable support arm of the auxiliary positioning structure for the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 101. Fixing seat; 102. Supporting platform; 103. Guide groove; 104. Longitudinal drive mechanism; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Auxiliary positioning components; 301. Storage box; 302. Top rod; 303. Air pump; 304. Sleeve; 305. Piston plate; 306. Air port; 307. Return spring; 308. Pressure sensor; 309. Annular rubber pad; 4. Lateral guide rail; 5. Movable support arm; 6. Lifting work platform; 7. Counterweight assembly; 701. Bearing plate; 702. Counterweight block; 703. Adjustment device; 8. Lateral drive mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention provides, for example Figures 1 to 5The auxiliary positioning structure of the gantry and horizontal linkage machining center shown includes a base 1 and a gantry frame 2. The base 1 includes a fixed seat 101 and a support platform 102 corresponding to the fixed seat 101. An auxiliary positioning component 3 is provided inside the support platform 102. The auxiliary positioning component 3 includes multiple storage boxes 301. Multiple push rods 302 are inserted into the upper surface of each storage box 301. The top of the push rods 302 penetrates the support platform 102. A corresponding air pumping device 303 is installed on the bottom surface of the storage box 301. The inner bottom wall of the storage box 301 is fixed with... Multiple sleeves 304 corresponding to the top rod 302 are provided. A transverse guide rail 4 is fixed on the gantry frame 2. A movable support arm 5 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the transverse guide rail 4. A lifting work platform 6 is provided at one end of the movable support arm 5. A counterweight assembly 7 is provided at the other end of the movable support arm 5. The counterweight assembly 7 includes a bearing plate 701 provided on the upper surface of the movable support arm 5. A counterweight block 702 is installed on the upper surface of the bearing plate 701. An adjustment device 703 is installed on the upper surface of the movable support arm 5. The output end of the adjustment device 703 is connected to the bearing plate 701.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The upper surface of the fixed base 101 is provided with a guide groove 103 that is adapted to the bearing platform 102. The bottom surface of the bearing platform 102 is fixed with a slider, which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove 103. A longitudinal drive mechanism 104 for driving the bearing platform 102 to move along the length direction of the guide groove 103 is installed on one side of the fixed base 101. The longitudinal drive mechanism 104 adopts a transmission method of servo motor and ball screw, and its output end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bearing platform 102.

[0021] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The storage boxes 301 are distributed in a matrix inside the support platform 102, and each storage box 301 corresponds to an independent set of air pumping devices 303. The air pumping device 303 adopts a micro air pump, whose air inlet end is connected to an external air source, and whose air outlet end is connected to the inside of the storage box 301 through an air guide pipe. By controlling the air pressure in different areas of the storage box 301, the corresponding top rod 302 can be driven to rise and fall independently, so as to achieve multi-point support and leveling of different areas of the bottom surface of the workpiece.

[0022] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4A piston plate 305 is fixed to the bottom end of the push rod 302. The piston plate 305 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 304. The bottom end of the sleeve 304 is provided with an air passage 306 that communicates with the inside of the storage box 301. When the air pumping device 303 pumps gas into the storage box 301, the gas enters the sleeve 304 through the air passage 306, pushing the piston plate 305 to drive the push rod 302 to move upward. When the air pumping device 303 evacuates the air, a negative pressure is formed inside the sleeve 304. Under the action of the external atmospheric pressure, the piston plate 305 drives the push rod 302 to return to its original position downward. A return spring 307 is sleeved on the outer surface of the push rod 302. The top end of the return spring 307 abuts against the bottom surface of the storage box 301, and the bottom end abuts against the piston plate 305, which can assist the push rod 302 to return to its original position quickly.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 4 A pressure sensor 308 is embedded in the top of the push rod 302. The detection end of the pressure sensor 308 contacts the surface of the workpiece, and its signal output end is electrically connected to the external control system through a wire. The pressure sensor 308 can monitor the pressure value of each support point in real time. When the workpiece is placed on the push rod 302, the control system automatically adjusts the working state of the corresponding air pump 303 according to the feedback data of the pressure sensor 308, so that the supporting force of each push rod 302 is kept balanced, and the workpiece is prevented from deforming due to excessive local force. An annular groove is formed on the outer surface of the push rod 302, and an annular rubber pad 309 is fitted on the inner wall of the annular groove. The upper surface of the annular rubber pad 309 is flush with the top of the push rod 302. When the push rod 302 contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece, the annular rubber pad 309 can increase the friction between the two, prevent the workpiece from horizontally displacing during processing, and at the same time play a buffering role to avoid the top of the push rod 302 causing indentation or damage to the surface of the workpiece.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5 The transverse guide rail 4 is a high-precision linear guide rail with a rectangular cross-section. The bottom surface of the movable support arm 5 is fixed with a sliding seat that is compatible with the transverse guide rail 4. The inner wall of the sliding seat is connected to the outer wall of the transverse guide rail 4 by rolling balls. A transverse drive mechanism 8 is installed at one end of the gantry frame 2. Its output end is fixedly connected to the side of the movable support arm 5. The transverse drive mechanism 8 can drive the movable support arm 5 to move stably along the transverse guide rail 4.

[0025] In use, the workpiece to be processed is first hoisted above the support platform 102 and slowly placed on the annular rubber pad 309 at the top of the push rod 302. The pressure sensor 308 at the top of the push rod 302 immediately contacts the bottom surface of the workpiece, collects the pressure data of each support point in real time and transmits it to the external control system. After receiving the signal, the control system automatically starts the corresponding air pumping device 303, pumping gas into the storage box 301 through the air guide pipe. The gas enters the inside of the sleeve 304 through the air port 306 on the side wall of the sleeve 304, pushing the piston plate 305 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 307 and drive the push rod 302 to move upward until the bottom surface of the workpiece is in full contact with all the push rods 302. During this process, the control system dynamically adjusts the pumping volume of each air pumping device 303 according to the pressure value difference fed back by the pressure sensor 308 to ensure that the workpiece is stably supported in a horizontal state and avoids workpiece deformation caused by uneven local stress.

[0026] After the initial positioning of the workpiece is completed, the longitudinal drive mechanism 104 is started. The servo motor drives the bearing platform 102 to move smoothly along the guide groove 103 on the fixed seat 101 through the ball screw, transferring the workpiece to the gantry milling station. The transverse drive mechanism 8 drives the movable support arm 5 to move along the transverse guide rail 4 on the gantry frame 2 to directly above the processing area. The lifting worktable 6 drives the spindle box to descend to the specified height according to the processing program and starts to execute the milling process. During the processing, if the workpiece shakes slightly due to the cutting force, the pressure sensor 308 on the push rod 302 will capture the change in support force in real time. The control system responds quickly and fine-tunes the working state of the corresponding air pump device 303. The workpiece displacement is compensated by the slight lifting of the push rod 302, and the dynamic stability during the processing is maintained.

[0027] During this period, in order to avoid the movable support arm 5 tilting due to unilateral load, the adjustment device 703 is immediately activated, driving the bearing plate 701 to slide along the upper surface of the movable support arm 5, changing the position of the counterweight block 702 to balance the torque generated by the spindle box, and offsetting the unilateral load by changing the lever arm length, ensuring that the movable support arm 5 always remains in a horizontal state, and reducing the risk of bending deformation of the transverse guide rail 4.

[0028] After processing is completed, the air pumping device 303 stops working and switches to the air extraction mode, creating a negative pressure inside the sleeve 304. Under the combined action of the external atmospheric pressure and the return spring 307, the piston plate 305 drives the push rod 302 to descend rapidly. The top of the push rod 302 is lower than the upper surface of the support platform 102, so that the processed workpiece can be removed from the support platform 102. The auxiliary positioning component 3 and the counterweight component 7 work together to achieve precise positioning and dynamic stable support of the workpiece, and ensure the long-term operating accuracy of the equipment, effectively improving the efficiency and quality of integrated processing.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining center, comprising a base (1) and a gantry frame (2), characterized in that: The base (1) includes a fixed seat (101) and a support platform (102) corresponding to the fixed seat (101). An auxiliary positioning component (3) is provided inside the support platform (102). The auxiliary positioning component (3) includes multiple storage boxes (301). Multiple top rods (302) are inserted into the upper surface of each storage box (301). The top of the top rod (302) penetrates the support platform (102). A corresponding air pump device (303) is installed on the bottom surface of the storage box (301). Multiple sleeves (304) corresponding to the top rods (302) are fixed on the inner bottom wall of the storage box (301). A transverse guide rail (4) is fixed on the gantry frame (2). A movable support arm (5) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the transverse guide rail (4). A lifting worktable (6) is provided at one end of the movable support arm (5). A counterweight assembly (7) is provided at the other end of the movable support arm (5). The counterweight assembly (7) includes a bearing plate (701) provided on the upper surface of the movable support arm (5). A counterweight block (702) is installed on the upper surface of the bearing plate (701). An adjustment device (703) is installed on the upper side of the movable support arm (5). The output end of the adjustment device (703) is connected to the bearing plate (701).

2. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the fixed base (101) is provided with a guide groove (103) that is adapted to the bearing platform (102). A slider is fixed on the bottom surface of the bearing platform (102). The slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove (103). A longitudinal drive mechanism (104) for driving the bearing platform (102) to move along the length direction of the guide groove (103) is installed on one side of the fixed base (101). The longitudinal drive mechanism (104) adopts a transmission method of servo motor and ball screw, and its output end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the bearing platform (102).

3. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage boxes (301) are distributed in a matrix inside the support platform (102), and each storage box (301) corresponds to a set of air pumping devices (303). The air pumping devices (303) are micro air pumps, with their air inlet end connected to an external air source and their air outlet end connected to the inside of the storage box (301) through an air guide pipe.

4. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the top rod (302) is fixed with a piston plate (305), which is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (304). The bottom end of the sleeve (304) is provided with an air vent (306) that communicates with the inside of the storage box (301).

5. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 4, characterized in that: A return spring (307) is sleeved on the outer surface of the top rod (302). The top end of the return spring (307) abuts against the bottom surface of the storage box (301), and the bottom end abuts against the piston plate (305).

6. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (308) is embedded in the top of the push rod (302). The detection end of the pressure sensor (308) is in contact with the surface of the workpiece, and its signal output end is electrically connected to the external control system through a wire.

7. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the top rod (302) is provided with an annular groove, and an annular rubber pad (309) is sleeved on the inner wall of the annular groove. The upper surface of the annular rubber pad (309) is flush with the top of the top rod (302).

8. The auxiliary positioning structure for gantry and horizontal linkage machining centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse guide rail (4) adopts a high-precision linear guide rail with a rectangular cross section. The bottom surface of the movable support arm (5) is fixed with a sliding seat that is compatible with the transverse guide rail (4). The inner wall of the sliding seat is connected to the outer wall of the transverse guide rail (4) by rolling balls. A transverse drive mechanism (8) is installed at one end of the gantry (2), and its output end is fixedly connected to the side of the movable support arm (5).

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