Tussah silk softening method based on fiber puffing

Abstract

The invention discloses a tussah silk softening method based on fiber puffing. The tussah silk softening method comprises the following steps: carrying out degumming pretreatment on tussah silk fabric by adopting a dipping process; carrying out acid treatment on the pretreated tussah silk fabric, and puffing tussah silk fibers; carrying out softening treatment on the puffed tussah silk fabric by adopting a softening agent; and shaping and finishing the softened fabric through a high-temperature shaping machine. The shaped fabric is fluffy and soft in hand feeling, still keeps the original color after being washed for multiple times, is free of local hardening and is low in strength loss rate. The process flow is basically matched with the industrial production and after-finishing flow of the tussah silk fabric, the process cost is low, and the obtained fabric is good in use sustainable function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for softening tussah silk based on fiber swelling, belonging to the field of fabric modification technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a natural protein fiber, tussah silk fiber possesses excellent moisture absorption and wicking properties as well as warmth retention, making it a preferred textile material for the development of environmentally friendly functional textiles. However, its fabrics are limited in apparel product development due to their stiff feel and rough surface, requiring softening treatments to improve their softness and fluffiness.

[0003] The softening agents used in the softening process of tussah silk materials can cause significant loss of strength in tussah silk fabrics, leading to reduced product sustainability, poor washability, and easy caking. Amino silicone oils, on the other hand, can impair functionality such as moisture absorption and wicking. Patent CN104674544A discloses a functional finishing agent based on extracts from waste chestnut tree leaves, which can improve the softness and wrinkle resistance of tussah silk fabrics and enhance their UV resistance and antibacterial properties. However, the pH conditions of this finishing solution are not mild enough (pH=4-5.5), and the damage to the tussah silk fibers themselves has not been fully assessed. Patent CN111270521A discloses a novel silk softening finishing agent, using micron-sized gluten powder and silicone powder as the main modifying components. This improves the softness of silk fabrics while imparting composite functionalities such as wet elasticity and wrinkle resistance. However, the micropowders have agglomeration problems, and their uniform dispersion in the finishing solution needs further consideration. Furthermore, the process cost is relatively high. Patent CN105603764B discloses a novel technology for modifying tussah silk materials using an amino-containing cage-type semisiloxane finishing agent commonly used in high-performance organic / inorganic hybrid materials, but the degree of reaction is difficult to control precisely. Existing softening processes still present a contradiction between finishing conditions and fiber performance damage, and it is difficult to balance process costs with mass production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a staged "expansion-softening" low-damage finishing process for tussah silk fibers. By pre-treating the fibers by expansion, the active sites in the tussah silk fibers are enriched, the adsorption of softening agents by the fibers is enhanced, and the efficiency of functional modification is improved. The aim is to develop a finishing technology for tussah silk materials with milder processing conditions that is suitable for industrial production, and to effectively improve the softness of fabrics and their sustainability.

[0005] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above problems: A method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion includes the following steps: Step 1): Pre-treat the tussah silk fabric by degumming using an impregnation process; Step 2): Acid treatment is applied to the pretreated tussah silk fabric to expand the tussah silk fibers; Step 3): The expanded tussah silk fabric is softened with a softening agent; the softening agent is at least one of diamino silicone, polyether modified silicone, and polyether modified polysilane, the temperature is 20~60 ℃, and the softening time is 30~90 min; Step 4): The softened fabric is then set and finished using a high-temperature setting machine.

[0006] Preferably, the pretreatment solution used in the soaking process in step 1) contains 0.2-1% sodium carbonate, 0.1-1% soap solution, 0.1-1% penetrant and the balance water, and the water to tussah silk fabric bath ratio is 10-100:1.

[0007] Preferably, the pretreatment solution used in the soaking process in step 1) has a temperature of 90~100℃ and a treatment time of 30~60min.

[0008] Preferably, the treatment solution used in step 2) for acid treatment is at least one of glacial acetic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and citric acid.

[0009] Preferably, the pH value of the treatment solution is 5 to 6.5.

[0010] Preferably, in step 2), the temperature of the acid treatment solution is 40~60℃ and the treatment time is 5~10min.

[0011] Preferably, in step 3), the softening treatment is followed by rolling.

[0012] More preferably, the rolling mill processing yield is 40-65%.

[0013] Preferably, the shaping and finishing in step 4) is divided into two stages: pre-drying and baking. The pre-drying stage is: drying in a hot air environment of 80~100℃ for 180~300s, and the baking stage is: baking at 130~160℃ for 60~150s.

[0014] Preferably, in step 4), the fabric needs to be over-stretched by 10-20% during the finishing process, which is achieved by adjusting the speed difference between the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Effectively improves the softness of tussah silk fabrics while retaining the moisture absorption and breathability of tussah silk fabrics, as well as the toughness and abrasion resistance of the fibers.

[0016] 2. After multiple washes, the tussah silk fabric treated with this process did not exhibit any quality deterioration issues such as hardening, yellowing, or damage.

[0017] 3. All pharmaceuticals involved in this invention are commercially available safe reagents, and the modification conditions are relatively mild. The selected auxiliary agents are inexpensive and suitable for large-scale industrial production. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Comparison data on the bending stiffness of tussah silk fabrics before and after Example 1 were compiled; Figure 2 Comparison data on the surface hydrophilicity of tussah silk fabrics before and after Example 1 were compiled. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1 A method for softening tussah silk fabric includes the following steps: 1. The tussah silk fabric is pre-degummed with a pretreatment solution consisting of 0.2% sodium carbonate, 0.5% soap solution, and 0.3% JFC by mass concentration. The solution is treated in a constant temperature water bath at 98 ℃ for 30 min to obtain the pretreated tussah silk fabric. 2. The pretreated tussah silk fabric is pickled at a temperature of 50℃ using glacial acetic acid with a pH of 6 for 5 minutes. 3. Treat the acid-treated tussah silk with a 5% (w / w) polyether-modified silicone softener for 30 min at a temperature of 30 ℃. 4. The softened tussah silk fabric is treated with a horizontal padding machine with a padding rate of 40%. The overfeed rate is set to 10% by adjusting the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine. It is pre-dried at 80 ℃ for 180 s and then baked at 150 ℃ for 60 s to obtain the softened tussah silk fabric.

[0021] 5. The tussah silk softened fabric prepared above has a soft hand feel (e.g., Figure 1 ), low strength loss, good water absorption, and hydrophilic surface (e.g. Figure 2 It has good washability, as shown in Table 1.

[0022] Example 2 A method for softening tussah silk fabric includes the following steps: 1. The tussah silk fabric is pre-degummed with a pretreatment solution consisting of 0.3% sodium carbonate, 0.5% soap solution, and 0.3% JFC by mass concentration. The solution is treated in a constant temperature water bath at 98 ℃ for 30 min to obtain the pre-treated tussah silk fabric. 2. The pretreated tussah silk fabric is pickled at a temperature of 50 ℃ using glacial acetic acid with pH=6.5 for 10 minutes. 3. Treat the acid-treated tussah silk with a novel polyether-modified polysilane softener at a mass concentration of 15% for 30 minutes at a temperature of 30 ℃. 4. The softened tussah silk fabric is treated with a horizontal padding machine with a padding rate of 50%. The overfeed rate is set to 15% by adjusting the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine. It is pre-dried at 80 ℃ for 120 s and then baked at 140 ℃ for 90 s to obtain the softened tussah silk fabric.

[0023] 5. The tussah silk softened fabric prepared above has a soft hand feel, low strength loss, good water absorption, good surface hydrophilicity and good washability, as shown in Table 1.

[0024] Example 3 A method for softening tussah silk fabric includes the following steps: 1. The tussah silk fabric is pre-degummed with a pretreatment solution consisting of 0.2% sodium carbonate, 0.5% soap solution, and 0.2% JFC by mass concentration. The solution is treated in a constant temperature water bath at 96 ℃ for 30 min to obtain the pre-treated tussah silk fabric. 2. The pretreated tussah silk fabric is pickled at a temperature of 50 ℃ using dilute hydrochloric acid with pH=5 for 10 minutes. 3. Treat the acid-treated tussah silk with a 10% (w / w) amino silicone softener for 30 minutes at a temperature of 20 ℃. 4. The softened tussah silk fabric is treated with a horizontal padding machine with a padding rate of 40%. The overfeed rate is set to 15% by adjusting the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine. It is pre-dried at 80 ℃ for 240 s and then baked at 130 ℃ for 90 s to obtain the softened tussah silk fabric.

[0025] 5. The tussah silk softened fabric prepared above has a soft hand feel, low strength loss, good water absorption, good surface hydrophilicity and good washability, as shown in Table 1.

[0026] Example 4 A method for softening tussah silk fabric includes the following steps: 1. The tussah silk fabric is pre-degummed with a pretreatment solution consisting of 0.2% sodium carbonate, 0.4% soap solution, and 0.2% JFC by mass concentration. The solution is treated in a constant temperature water bath at 98 ℃ for 30 min to obtain the pretreated tussah silk fabric. 2. The pretreated tussah silk fabric is pickled at a temperature of 50 ℃ using citric acid (pH=6.5) for 10 minutes. 3. Treat the acid-treated tussah silk with a 20% (w / w) polyether-modified silicone softener for 30 min at a temperature of 50 ℃. 4. The softened tussah silk fabric is treated with a horizontal padding machine with a padding rate of 60%. The overfeed rate is set to 20% by adjusting the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine. It is pre-dried at 80 ℃ for 300 s and then baked at 150 ℃ for 90 s to obtain the softened tussah silk fabric.

[0027] 5. The tussah silk softened fabric prepared above has a soft hand feel, low strength loss, good water absorption, good surface hydrophilicity and good washability, as shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1 Comparison of various properties of fabrics before and after finishing

Claims

1. A method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1): Pre-treat the tussah silk fabric by degumming using an impregnation process; Step 2): Acid treatment is applied to the pretreated tussah silk fabric to expand the tussah silk fibers; Step 3): The expanded tussah silk fabric is softened with a softening agent; the softening agent is at least one of diamino silicone, polyether modified silicone, and polyether modified polysilane, the temperature is 20~60 ℃, and the softening time is 30~90 min; Step 4): The softened fabric is then set and finished using a high-temperature setting machine.

2. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment solution used in the soaking process in step 1) contains 0.2-1% sodium carbonate, 0.1-1% soap solution, 0.1-1% penetrant and the balance water, and the water to tussah silk fabric ratio is 10-100:

1.

3. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment solution used in the soaking process in step 1) has a temperature of 90~100℃ and a treatment time of 30~60min.

4. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The acid treatment solution used in step 2) is at least one of glacial acetic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and citric acid.

5. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The pH value of the treatment solution is 5~6.

5.

6. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the temperature of the acid treatment solution is 40~60℃, and the treatment time is 5~10min.

7. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), after softening, the material is rolled into a rolling mill.

8. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The rolling mill processing yield is 40-65%.

9. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4) The shaping and finishing process is divided into two stages: pre-drying and baking. The pre-drying stage is: drying in a hot air environment of 80~100℃ for 180~300s. The baking stage is: baking at 130~160℃ for 60~150s.

10. The method for softening tussah silk based on fiber expansion as described in claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, In step 4), the fabric needs to be over-stretched by 10-20% during the finishing process, which is achieved by adjusting the speed difference between the front and rear guide rollers of the high-temperature setting machine.

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