Air energy storage power generation system based on shuttle type power generation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to a power generation technology. An air energy storage power generation system based on shuttling type power generation equipment comprises an air energy storage chamber, high-pressure air is stored in the air energy storage chamber, the shuttling type power generation equipment comprises at least one airtight circulating pipeline, a magnet mechanism which allows shuttling in the circulating pipeline is arranged in the circulating pipeline, and the magnet mechanism is called a shuttling magnet mechanism. An air inlet and an air outlet are formed in the circulating pipeline, and a valve, namely a control valve, is arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet; the air energy storage chamber is communicated with an air inlet of a circulating pipeline through a valve, and an air outlet of the circulating pipeline is allowed to be communicated with an air inlet of another circulating pipeline and is also allowed to be communicated with the atmosphere through a valve. When the shuttle magnet mechanism is located on the driving section, the shuttle magnet mechanism is in the state of preventing airflow from flowing from the air inlet of the driving section to the air outlet of the driving section, and the shuttle magnet mechanism shuttles back and forth in the circulating pipeline under pushing of air pressure and is in linkage with a power generation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machinery, and more specifically to power generation technology. Background Technology

[0002] Air storage technology enables large-scale energy storage, playing a role in peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid. It can also serve as a supporting facility for new energy power generation such as wind and solar power, effectively addressing the intermittency and volatility issues of new energy power generation and ensuring the stable operation of the power system. Air storage technology is not only suitable for regulating large-scale power systems but also for distributed energy storage systems, facilitating the integration and utilization of renewable energy.

[0003] Because compressed air has a low energy density, it requires a large amount of storage space. To reduce costs, air energy storage systems often use converted chambers such as hard rock salt caves or mines as air storage chambers. However, to ensure the airtightness of the chambers under long-term cyclic loads, prefabricated steel linings or polymer plates are often used as sealing layers, and welding (splicing) operations are carried out on site.

[0004] The chamber sealing method using precast steel liners is difficult to guarantee long-term airtightness. In addition, precast steel liners are prone to deformation, aging, and maintenance. These problems greatly increase the human, time, and financial costs of the hard rock formation air energy storage system throughout its entire life cycle.

[0005] Furthermore, the power generation systems in current air source heat pump energy storage systems often employ expanders of various types, such as twin-screw expanders, twin-rotor expanders, and scroll expanders. These expanders are typically large, complex in structure, and have many vulnerable parts. They also require high purity of the gas flowing through them, otherwise, mechanical components can be easily damaged. In particular, expanders require expensive shaft seals, which are prone to damage, leading to safety hazards and thus high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an air energy storage power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] An air energy storage power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device includes an air energy storage chamber containing high-pressure air. The air energy storage chamber includes a hard rock cavern containing a metal heat exchange plate. One end of the metal heat exchange plate is buried in the hard rock layer, and the other end extends into the high-pressure air chamber.

[0009] The walls of the caves in the hard rock layer are lined with a concrete layer, and a layer of nano-sized organosilicon polymer coating with a thickness of 7-12 μm is coated on the concrete layer to form a sealing layer.

[0010] The structure, including the cave walls, concrete layers, and sealing layers of the hard rock cave, forms an integrated airtight structure for the air energy storage chamber.

[0011] The ceiling of the cave in the hard rock layer is more than 20m above the ground;

[0012] It also includes a shuttle power generation device;

[0013] The shuttle power generation device includes at least one airtight circulation pipe, and a magnetic mechanism that allows movement within the circulation pipe is called a shuttle magnet mechanism. The shuttle magnet mechanism includes at least one magnetic component with magnetic properties, such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.

[0014] The circulation pipeline is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet, and a valve is installed between the air inlet and the air outlet, which is called a control valve.

[0015] The stroke segment including the air inlet, control valve, and air outlet is called the control segment, and the remaining stroke segment is called the drive segment.

[0016] When the control valve is closed, gas cannot flow from the inlet to the outlet of the control section.

[0017] When the control valve is opened, the opening shape of the control valve is such that it allows the shuttle magnet mechanism to pass through;

[0018] The air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the circulation pipe through a valve. The air outlet of the circulation pipe is allowed to be connected to the air inlet of another circulation pipe, and is also allowed to be connected to the atmosphere through a valve.

[0019] When the shuttle magnet mechanism is located in the drive section, it is in a state that obstructs the flow of air from the air inlet to the air outlet of the drive section. The shuttle magnet mechanism is driven by air pressure to shuttle in the circulation pipe.

[0020] It also has a liquid heat exchange system, which has heat exchange tubes attached to the outside of the circulation pipe;

[0021] The outer side of the circulation pipe is welded with heat exchange fins, which are arranged in a fin array.

[0022] The heat exchange fins are provided with holes. After the holes on the heat exchange fins are arranged into a fin array, they are combined to form a channel, and the heat exchange tube is placed in the channel.

[0023] A power generation system is also installed;

[0024] The power generation system may be an induction power generation system, which includes at least two induction coils set on the circulation pipe. The induction coils are connected to the power output terminal, and a shuttle magnet mechanism shuttles the induction coils to generate electricity.

[0025] The power generation system may also use a generator system, which is equipped with a magnet mechanism that is magnetically linked to the shuttle magnet mechanism, called the driven magnet mechanism. The driven magnet mechanism is linked to the rotor of a generator.

[0026] Further optimization involves placing a concrete densifier between the concrete layer and the sealing layer to seal the pores on the surface of the concrete layer, forming a sealing layer.

[0027] The structure, including the cave walls of the hard rock cave, concrete layers, sealing layers, and sealing layers, forms an integrated airtight structure for a denser air storage chamber.

[0028] Furthermore, an air control system for controlling the release of high-pressure air is connected between the air storage chamber and the air inlet of the circulation pipe.

[0029] The air control system includes a chamber pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the air storage chamber, a pipeline pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the circulation pipeline, and a speed sensor for detecting the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism. It also includes a controlled air valve installed at the air inlet, with the air inlet end of the controlled air valve connected to the air storage chamber.

[0030] The gas control system also includes a microprocessor system;

[0031] The chamber pressure sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, and speed sensor are respectively connected to the microprocessor system;

[0032] The microprocessor system controls the connected controlled air valve;

[0033] The microprocessor system runs control software that adjusts the opening of the controlled air valve and controls the release rate of high-pressure air based on the pressure in the air storage chamber and the pressure in the circulation pipeline.

[0034] The control software controls the amount of high-pressure air released based on the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism.

[0035] Furthermore, a mechanical button that is linked to the control valve and closes is provided in front of the control valve;

[0036] After the shuttle magnet mechanism passes the control valve, when it is pressed against the mechanical button, the control valve closes, blocking the gas in the inlet from flowing to the outlet through the control valve.

[0037] No heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button, the control valve, and the air outlet;

[0038] A heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button and the air outlet;

[0039] This reduces the pressure during the air intake process, ensuring smooth air intake, preventing airflow from being reversed to the air storage chamber, and improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, the heat source of the liquid heat exchange system comes from the heat of compression generated during the air compression process;

[0041] The heat of compression is stored in a heat storage device with a heat storage medium;

[0042] The heat storage medium is one of water, heat transfer oil, or molten salt.

[0043] Furthermore, the driven magnet mechanism magnetically attracts the shuttle magnet mechanism inside the circulation pipe from at least one side outside the circulation pipe, and the rotation trajectory of the driven magnet mechanism matches the rotation trajectory of the shuttle magnet mechanism.

[0044] The driven magnet mechanism includes at least two magnets, which are disposed on at least two sides of the circulation pipe.

[0045] At least two magnets exert the same force on the shuttle magnet mechanism, thus ensuring that the driven magnet mechanism and the shuttle magnet mechanism complete a strong magnetic linkage relationship, while avoiding excessive pressure on the inner wall of the circulation pipe due to excessive attraction or repulsion on one side of the shuttle magnet mechanism, thereby avoiding excessive resistance, reducing energy loss, and reducing friction wear on the equipment.

[0046] The two magnetic components of the driven magnet mechanism are connected by a magnetic conductive component;

[0047] The two magnetic components and the magnetic conductive component adopt an integrated permanent magnet structure, that is, the two magnetic components and the magnetic conductive component are integrally formed magnetic components.

[0048] Furthermore, the circulation channel has a soft magnetic material portion, which has an open groove, and the induction coil is disposed in the groove;

[0049] The soft magnetic parts on both sides of the groove achieve magnetic field conduction through the magnetically conductive part at the bottom of the groove;

[0050] The spacing on both sides of the groove corresponds to the two magnetic poles of different magnetic properties on the magnetic components of the shuttle magnet mechanism;

[0051] The two sides of the groove opening serve as the introduction part of the magnetic field on the shuttle magnet mechanism.

[0052] Furthermore, the shuttle magnet mechanism has a strip-shaped structure with a curvature that conforms to the inner wall of the circulation pipe;

[0053] The shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with at least one elastic ring with an outward expansion force;

[0054] The shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with a groove, the elastic ring is embedded in the groove, and at least part of the outer edge protrudes from the groove;

[0055] At least part of the outer edge of the elastic ring abuts against the inner wall of the circulation pipe, thereby reducing the gap between the shuttle magnet mechanism and the inner wall of the circulation pipe.

[0056] The shuttle magnet mechanism is equipped with at least three rolling parts, which are arranged around the shuttle magnet mechanism. The arrangement of the three rolling parts around the shuttle magnet mechanism provides point support for the inner wall of the circulation pipe.

[0057] The rolling component uses a roller, which has an outer edge with a convex arc surface structure. The arc surface structure of the outer edge fits against the arc surface of the inner wall of the circulation pipe.

[0058] The outer edge of the roller has an elastic surface. When pressed against the inner wall of the circulation pipe, the roller automatically completes the fit and can adapt to the irregularities caused by defects in the inner wall of the circulation pipe.

[0059] Furthermore, the shuttle magnet mechanism is equipped with at least one group of magnets;

[0060] The magnet assembly consists of three permanent magnets arranged in a front-to-back pattern: a front permanent magnet, a middle permanent magnet, and a rear permanent magnet.

[0061] The magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet and the rear permanent magnet are both oriented with one pole facing outward and the other facing inward, and the outward-facing magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet and the rear permanent magnet are different;

[0062] The magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet are oriented in the front-to-back direction, with one magnetic pole facing the front permanent magnet and the other facing the rear permanent magnet. Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet are oriented in a way that repels the outward-facing magnetic poles of both the front and rear permanent magnets.

[0063] The tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with at least one recess for collecting air;

[0064] At least one edge of the recess is less than 2 mm from the edge of the shuttle magnet mechanism;

[0065] The recess is a ring-shaped structure located at the edge of the tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism.

[0066] Furthermore, the control valve is a one-way valve pushed open by a shuttle magnet mechanism;

[0067] A section of pipe is installed between the air outlet and the one-way valve. After the shuttle magnet mechanism passes the air outlet, it continues to move forward under the action of at least one of the following forces: inertia, gravity, magnetic force, or other forces. During the forward movement, the gas in the section of pipe is compressed, and the gas generates air pressure. The air pressure partially or completely pushes open the one-way valve.

[0068] In the above design, nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating is an existing technology. High-density concrete is used; lining the cave walls in hard rock formations with high-density concrete improves the cave's compressive strength and impermeability. Applying a concrete densifier to the concrete layer fills the pores on the concrete surface, reducing the porosity to below 3%. Finally, a nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating is applied over the concrete densifier to form a sealing layer. The cave walls, concrete layer, sealing layer, and sealing layer of the hard rock cave form a more compact, integrated, and airtight structure with excellent airtightness. This airtightness is unaffected by periodic temperature changes. Under a 0.5 MPa pulse pressure, it can reduce the permeability of rock samples to below 1 nD; while under a 4 MPa pulse pressure, the coating permeability is 4.5 × 10⁻⁶ - 5.5 × 10⁻⁶ mD, reducing the permeability of rock samples by 75-80%. The airtightness of the nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating is far superior to that of dense concrete and comparable to polymer materials such as natural rubber and butyl rubber. Using nano-grade organosilicon polymer coatings as a sealing layer instead of prefabricated steel lining plates or polymer panels can save costs and shorten the construction time of the gas storage chamber.

[0069] The cave ceiling of the hard rock cave is more than 20m below the ground. This underground depth is not affected by the temperature of the ground in all four seasons and is at a constant temperature of 12℃ all year round.

[0070] The compressed gas has a high temperature, even exceeding 100°C, and remains at a high temperature after entering the high-pressure air chamber. High-temperature gas means higher pressure and less mass per unit volume (lower density), resulting in a smaller gas storage capacity in the high-pressure air chamber and higher economic costs.

[0071] This invention reduces the temperature of the high-pressure air chamber by dissipating heat from underground, thereby lowering the pressure, increasing the amount of matter per unit volume, allowing the high-pressure air chamber to store more gas, significantly reducing economic costs, and improving economic efficiency.

[0072] A liquid heat exchange system is installed on the outside of the circulation pipeline to heat the high-pressure air, supplement the high-pressure air as it expands and cools down after doing work, thus reducing kinetic energy output.

[0073] This invention utilizes high-pressure air stored in an air energy storage chamber as a gas source to drive a shuttle magnetic mechanism to circulate in a circulation pipe, cutting induction coils installed in the circulation pipe to generate induced electrical energy; or it uses a magnetic linkage driven magnet mechanism to drive the rotor of a generator to generate electricity.

[0074] Its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0075] 1. The air storage chamber adopts a structure consisting of a hard rock cavern, a concrete layer, a sealing layer, and a sealing layer, replacing precast steel lining plates or polymer panels. This reduces the construction cost and shortens the construction period. Metal heat exchange fins are installed inside the hard rock cavern to maintain the temperature inside the high-pressure air chamber, facilitating the storage of high-pressure air.

[0076] 2. Since there is no piston structure in the shuttle power generation equipment, there is no energy waste caused by deceleration or reverse movement, so it has a higher energy conversion rate. At the same time, it can also manufacture fluid power generation systems that are thousands or even tens of thousands of times larger than the gas storage space of piston cylinders at a relatively low cost.

[0077] 3. The shuttle magnet mechanism that moves through the circulation pipe allows for lower movement speeds and does not have high requirements for the airtightness of the circulation pipe. Therefore, it has lower requirements for the precision of the mechanical structure compared to the expander, which is more conducive to manufacturing and has lower production costs. The overall structure of the shuttle power generation equipment is simple and easy to maintain.

[0078] 4. Because there is no reverse movement problem, the operation is more stable and reliable, and there are fewer noise and wear issues during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0079] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0080] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an air-based energy storage power generation system based on a shuttle generator.

[0081] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a generator driven by a magnetically linked driven magnet mechanism of a shuttle magnet mechanism;

[0082] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the structure of the induction coil inside the circulation pipe.

[0083] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shuttle magnet mechanism;

[0084] Figure 5 A disassembled schematic diagram of the magnet arrangement structure of a ring induction coil in a shuttle magnet mechanism and a circulation pipeline;

[0085] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the linkage relationship of mechanical buttons.

[0086] Symbol explanation:

[0087] 1. Shuttle magnet mechanism; 2. Induction coil; 3. Circulation pipe; 4. Control valve; 5. Air inlet; 6. Air outlet; 7. Oiling component; 8. Air control system; 9. Driven magnet mechanism; 11. Elastic ring; 41. Mechanical button; 91. Rotor; b1. Roller; f1. Front permanent magnet; f2. Middle permanent magnet; f3. Rear permanent magnet; f4. Magnetic guiding component; G. Recess. Detailed Implementation

[0088] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0089] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0090] Secondly, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure will be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0091] Furthermore, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0092] Reference Figures 1-6 As shown, the air energy storage power generation system based on shuttle power generation equipment includes an air energy storage chamber, which stores high-pressure air. The air energy storage chamber includes a hard rock cavern, in which a metal heat exchange plate is installed. One end of the metal heat exchange plate is buried in the hard rock layer, and the other end extends into the high-pressure air chamber. The walls of the caves in the hard rock layer are lined with a concrete layer, and a layer of nano-sized organosilicon polymer coating with a thickness of 7~12μm is coated on the concrete layer to form a sealing layer. The structure, including the cave walls, concrete layers, and sealing layers of the hard rock cave, forms an integrated airtight structure for the air energy storage chamber. The ceiling of the cave in the hard rock layer is more than 20m above the ground; It also includes a shuttle power generation device; The shuttle power generation device includes at least one airtight circulation pipe 3, and a magnetic mechanism that allows movement within the circulation pipe 3 is called the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 includes at least one magnetic component with magnetic properties, such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The circulation pipe 3 is equipped with an air inlet 5 and an air outlet 6. A valve is installed between the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6, which is called the control valve 4. The stroke segment formed by the air inlet 5, control valve 4, and air outlet 6 is called the control segment, and the remaining stroke segment is called the drive segment. When control valve 4 is closed, gas cannot flow from the inlet 5 of the control section to the outlet 6 of the control section. When the control valve 4 is opened, the opening shape of the control valve 4 is such that the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can pass through; The air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet 5 of the circulation pipe 3 through a valve. The air outlet 6 of the circulation pipe 3 is allowed to be connected to the air inlet 5 of another circulation pipe 3, and is also allowed to be connected to the atmosphere through a valve. When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is in the drive section, it is in a state that obstructs the flow of air from the air inlet 5 of the drive section to the air outlet 6 of the drive section. The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is pushed by the air pressure to shuttle in the circulation pipe 3. It also has a liquid heat exchange system, which has heat exchange tubes attached to the outside of the circulation pipe 3; The outer side of the circulation pipe 3 is welded with heat exchange fins, which are arranged in a fin array. The heat exchange fins are provided with holes. After the holes on the heat exchange fins are arranged into a fin array, they are combined to form a channel, and the heat exchange tube is placed in the channel. A power generation system is also installed; The power generation system may be an induction power generation system, which includes at least two induction coils 2 set on the circulation pipe 3. The induction coils 2 are connected to the power output terminal, and the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 shuttles the induction coils 2 to generate electricity. The power generation system may also use a generator system, which is equipped with a magnet mechanism that is magnetically linked to the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, called the driven magnet mechanism 9. The driven magnet mechanism 9 is linked to the rotor 91 of a generator.

[0093] In this embodiment, the nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating is a prior art technology. High-density concrete is used, and lining the cave walls in hard rock formations with high-density concrete improves the cave's compressive strength and impermeability. Applying the nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating to the concrete layer forms a sealing layer. The cave walls, concrete layer, and sealing layer of the hard rock formation constitute an airtight structure with excellent airtightness. This airtightness is unaffected by periodic temperature changes. Under a 0.5 MPa pulse pressure, it can reduce the permeability of rock samples to below 1 nD; while under a 4 MPa pulse pressure, the coating permeability is 4.5 × 10⁻⁶ - 5.5 × 10⁻⁶ mD, reducing the permeability of rock samples by 75-80%. The airtightness of the nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating is far superior to that of dense concrete and comparable to polymer materials such as natural rubber and butyl rubber. Using nano-scale organosilicon polymer coating as a sealing layer, instead of precast steel lining plates or polymer panels, can save costs and shorten the construction time of the gas storage chamber.

[0094] The cave ceiling of the hard rock cave is more than 20m below the ground. This underground depth is not affected by the temperature of the ground in all four seasons and is at a constant temperature of 12℃ all year round.

[0095] The compressed gas has a high temperature, even exceeding 100°C, and remains at a high temperature after entering the high-pressure air chamber. High-temperature gas means higher pressure and less mass per unit volume (lower density), resulting in a smaller gas storage capacity in the high-pressure air chamber and higher economic costs.

[0096] This invention reduces the temperature of the high-pressure air chamber by dissipating heat from underground, thereby lowering the pressure, increasing the amount of matter per unit volume, allowing the high-pressure air chamber to store more gas, significantly reducing economic costs, and improving economic efficiency.

[0097] Further optimizations also include a primary fluid heat exchange tube.

[0098] The fluid heat exchange tube is a sealed metal tube filled with heat-conducting oil. The tube is placed at an angle, which increases turbulence during heat exchange, thus enhancing the heat exchange effect. Additionally, the angle increases the surface area of ​​the tube, allowing for better heat exchange between the fluid and the tube wall, improving heat exchange efficiency. One end of the tube is buried underground, while the other end extends into the high-pressure air chamber, with the buried section positioned higher.

[0099] Further optimization involves installing heat exchange fins on the section of the fluid heat exchange pipe extending into the high-pressure air chamber, which can more efficiently absorb heat from the gas in the high-pressure air chamber.

[0100] Further optimization allows for the installation of heat dissipation fins on a section of the fluid heat exchange pipe buried underground. These fins guide the heat from the high-pressure air chamber to the ground via heat transfer oil, and then dissipate heat to the ground through the pipe wall and the fins on the pipe wall. This further reduces the temperature of the gas inside the high-pressure air chamber, increases the storage capacity of the high-pressure air chamber, and improves economic efficiency.

[0101] In this design, the driving mechanism of the air energy storage power generation system based on the shuttle power generation equipment is no longer to use gas with a certain pressure to "blow" the rotor 91 through the nozzle, but to "push" the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 through the gas. The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is driven to shuttle in a circulation pipe 3 by the air pressure difference between the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6. The airflow velocity at the air outlet 6 is allowed to be extremely low, so the energy loss can be very small. Based on this underlying mechanism, the energy conversion rate can be higher.

[0102] The rotational speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 in the air energy storage power generation system based on the shuttle power generation equipment is greatly reduced compared to rotating components such as turbines, steam turbines, and twin screws, allowing the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to contact the casing (circulation pipe 3), thus greatly improving airtightness.

[0103] In the operation of the air-based energy storage and power generation system based on the shuttle generator, high-pressure air is introduced into the air inlet 5, and the circulation pipe 3 serves as the channel for the high-pressure air flow. Driven by the high-pressure air, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 moves along the circulation pipe 3 towards the air outlet 6. During the movement of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, the control valve 4 is kept open when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 reaches the control valve 4 by triggering the mechanical mechanism or gas pressure. After passing through the control valve 4 and the air inlet 5, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is again propelled by a new stream of high-pressure air, forming a cyclical movement process. During the movement of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 propelled by the high-pressure air, it either cuts the induction coil 2 set in the circulation pipe 3 or drives the rotor 91 of the generator through magnetic linkage with the driven magnet mechanism 9, thereby generating electricity.

[0104] Further optimization involves placing a concrete densifier between the concrete layer and the sealing layer to seal the pores on the surface of the concrete layer, forming a sealing layer.

[0105] The structure, including the cave walls of the hard rock cave, concrete layers, sealing layers, and sealing layers, forms an integrated airtight structure for the air energy storage chamber.

[0106] In this embodiment, applying a concrete densifier to the concrete layer can fill the pores on the concrete surface, reducing the porosity to below 3%, thereby maximizing the sealing effect of the nano-scale silicone polymer coating and reducing the amount of nano-scale silicone polymer coating applied, thus lowering costs. The cave walls, concrete layer, sealing layer, and sealing layer of the hard rock cave form an integrated airtight structure for a denser high-pressure air chamber.

[0107] Furthermore, an air control system 8 for controlling the release of high-pressure air is connected between the air storage chamber and the air inlet 5 of the circulation pipe 3.

[0108] The air control system 8 includes a chamber pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the air storage chamber, a pipeline pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the circulation pipeline 3, and a speed sensor for detecting the running speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. It also includes a controlled air valve installed at the air inlet 5, with the air inlet end of the controlled air valve connected to the air storage chamber.

[0109] The gas control system 8 also includes a microprocessor system;

[0110] The chamber pressure sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, and speed sensor are respectively connected to the microprocessor system;

[0111] The microprocessor system controls the connected controlled air valve;

[0112] The microprocessor system runs control software, which adjusts the opening of the controlled air valve and controls the release rate of high-pressure air based on the pressure in the air storage chamber and the pressure in the circulation pipeline 3.

[0113] The control software controls the amount of high-pressure air released based on the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0114] In this embodiment, air energy storage technologies (such as isothermal compressed air energy storage, cryogenic liquefied air energy storage, etc.) have different release characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to use a microprocessor system to collect pressure data in the air energy storage chamber and pressure data in the circulation pipeline 3, and use control software to accurately calculate and intelligently adjust the valve opening of the controlled air valve to control the rate of high-pressure air release and maintain the stable operation of the air energy storage power generation system based on the shuttle power generation equipment.

[0115] The air intake in the circulation pipe 3 is controlled according to the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to ensure that the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 operates stably at a suitable speed. The sensor for detecting the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can be an optical sensor or a Hall sensor.

[0116] The installed pressure sensor, once the air pressure in the circulation pipe 3 reaches the set target, controls the microprocessor system to close the controlled air valve, leaving sufficient expansion space for the existing gas in the circulation pipe 3 and improving the energy conversion rate. If high-pressure air is continuously input from the air energy storage chamber, the circulation pipe 3 will always be in a high-pressure state, and the pressure at the air outlet 6 will also remain high, resulting in energy waste.

[0117] Furthermore, a mechanical button is provided in front of the control valve 4 to close in conjunction with the control valve 4; when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes the control valve 4 and presses the mechanical button, the control valve 4 closes, blocking the gas in the air inlet 5 from flowing to the air outlet 6 through the control valve 4.

[0118] By using mechanical buttons to close the control valve 4, the control valve 4 can be closed stably and reliably in a timely manner after the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes through it, preventing the high-pressure air entering through the air inlet 5 from being lost through the air outlet 6 and wasting air energy.

[0119] No heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button and the control valve 4 and the air outlet 6;

[0120] A heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button and the air outlet 6;

[0121] This reduces the pressure during the air intake process, ensuring smooth air intake, preventing airflow from being reversed to the air storage chamber, and improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0122] Furthermore, the heat source of the liquid heat exchange system comes from the heat of compression generated during the air compression process; the heat of compression is stored in a heat storage device with a heat storage medium; the heat storage medium is one of water, heat transfer oil, or molten salt.

[0123] Air generates heat during compression, which hinders further compression. Therefore, the heat in the compressed air output by the compressor needs to be exchanged with the heat storage medium in the heat storage system through a heat exchanger. After passing through the heat exchanger, the air is cooled down and then enters the next stage compressor for further compression. The air is then cooled down again through the heat exchanger and stored in the heat storage system.

[0124] This heat storage can be used to heat the circulation pipe 3 through heat exchange tubes. The high-pressure air drives the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to move in the circulation pipe 3, which is a gas expansion process. The gas will cool down during the expansion process. Heating the circulation pipe 3 can help the high-pressure air to heat up, increase the expansion force, and thus improve the kinetic energy output efficiency.

[0125] Reference Figure 2As shown, the driven magnet mechanism 9 magnetically attracts the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 inside the circulation pipe 3 from at least one side outside the circulation pipe 3, and the rotation trajectory of the driven magnet mechanism 9 matches the rotation trajectory of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0126] The driven magnet mechanism 9 includes at least two magnets, which are disposed on at least two sides of the circulation pipe 3. Both magnets exert the same force on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, thereby ensuring that the driven magnet mechanism 9 and the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 form a strong magnetic linkage while avoiding excessive pressure on the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3 due to excessive attraction or repulsion on one side of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. This avoids excessive resistance, thereby reducing energy loss and friction wear on the equipment.

[0127] The two magnetic components of the driven magnet mechanism 9 are connected by magnetic field through the magnetic conductor f4; the two magnetic components and the magnetic conductor f4 adopt an integrated permanent magnet structure, that is, the two magnetic components and the magnetic conductor f4 are integrally formed magnetic components.

[0128] In this embodiment, at least two magnets exert the same force on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, and the difference in force is less than 30%, or the difference in force is less than twice the weight of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, in at least one of the following ways.

[0129] The driven magnet mechanism 9 has magnets on at least two sides, which can be soft magnets, electromagnets, or permanent magnets.

[0130] If a permanent magnet is used, the magnetic poles can be set with their direction along the direction of motion, or they can be set with their direction perpendicular to the direction of motion.

[0131] The two magnetic components of the driven magnet mechanism 9 are connected by a magnetic field via a magnetic guide component f4. The two magnetic components and the magnetic guide component f4 can be integrated into a permanent magnet structure.

[0132] In this way, the permanent magnet in the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 (with Figure 4 The more magnetic field (as shown in the schematic diagram of the box in the shuttle magnet mechanism 1) can pass through the two magnetic components and be connected through the magnetic conductive component f4, thereby generating a greater magnetic force on the two magnetic components.

[0133] Furthermore, the two magnetic components and the magnetically conductive component f4 are integrated into a single structure. That is, the two magnetic components and the magnetically conductive component f4 are integrally formed magnetic components. They can be either soft magnetic components or permanent magnet components.

[0134] The following explanation will be based on the example of a permanent magnet being used as the magnetic component of the driven magnet mechanism 9.

[0135] The driven magnet mechanism 9 includes at least two permanent magnets, which are disposed on at least two sides of the circulation pipe 3; the magnetic directions of the at least two permanent magnets are the same.

[0136] Preferably, the direction of conduction is similar to that of the channel inside the circulation pipe 3.

[0137] In the above design, the magnetic directions of at least two permanent magnets are aligned with the conduction direction, which is the same as the movement direction of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. At least two permanent magnets are positioned on at least two sides of the circulation pipe 3, meaning they are not parallel on a single plane, but rather a structure in a three-dimensional space.

[0138] This allows the magnetic field strength of at least two permanent magnets to achieve a longer magnetic field extension in the front-to-back direction than that of a single permanent magnet. Experiments show that even if the volume of a single bar permanent magnet is large enough, equal to the combined volume of at least two permanent magnets, it still cannot achieve the magnetic field extension of the above structure.

[0139] In the above design, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can be subjected to magnetic field induction at a greater distance, or to a stronger magnetic field induction at the same distance.

[0140] The driven magnet mechanism 9 includes at least two permanent magnets and a support, with the at least two permanent magnets fixed to the support; in the front-to-back direction, the at least two permanent magnets have an overlap area of ​​at least half their length. This is to prevent the superposition effect of the magnetic fields from weakening due to excessive distance between the at least two permanent magnets.

[0141] Yes, two permanent magnets are fixed on the bracket and positioned opposite each other, with the circulation pipe 3 located between the two permanent magnets.

[0142] It is possible that two permanent magnets are fixed on the support, and perpendicular lines are drawn from the centers of the two permanent magnets to the central axis of the circulation pipe 3. The angle formed by the two perpendicular lines is greater than 46 degrees and less than 120 degrees.

[0143] Preferably, two permanent magnets are fixed on the support, and the angle between the two planes containing the two permanent magnets is greater than 80 degrees and less than 110 degrees, forming a nearly vertical structure. This facilitates the arrangement of the magnetic field and allows each permanent magnet to be closer to the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0144] Furthermore, preferably, two permanent magnets are fixed on the support and arranged opposite each other, with the circulation pipe 3 located between the two permanent magnets; a third permanent magnet is also arranged between the two permanent magnets and located on the side. At least three permanent magnets surround the circulation pipe 3 on three sides.

[0145] On the support, a permanent magnet can be installed on one side of the fourth side of the circulation pipe 3, and an opening is left on the fourth side.

[0146] The opening is provided so that the driven magnet mechanism 9 can slide off the circulation pipe 3 or avoid the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6.

[0147] Furthermore, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can be configured with the magnetic direction being forward and backward. It can have the south pole in front and the north pole behind, or vice versa.

[0148] Whether the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 and the driven magnet mechanism 9 are approaching or moving away, the attractive and repulsive forces can have better flexibility. This allows for the generation of longer-lasting or stronger forces.

[0149] Furthermore, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can be positioned behind the driven magnet mechanism 9 and configured as a magnetic arrangement structure that generates repulsive force. When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 moves forward, it propels the driven magnet mechanism 9 forward through the repulsive magnetic force. By using repulsive magnetic force for propulsion, rather than attraction, the pressure exerted by the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 on the internal channel of the circulation pipe 3 can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing friction.

[0150] Preferably, when using the above structure, no rolling component is provided between the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 and the circulation pipe 3. Because repulsive force is used for propulsion, even without a rolling component, the friction during sliding is not significant.

[0151] If a mechanism using unilateral attraction pulls the object, the pressure generated by the attraction necessitates the inclusion of rolling components to convert sliding friction into rolling friction. These rolling components could be, for example, spherical balls, cylindrical balls, or rollers (b1).

[0152] To facilitate production, the driven magnet mechanism 9 can integrate a three-dimensional structure, including at least two permanent magnets, into a single three-dimensional permanent magnet structure.

[0153] The permanent magnet of the driven magnet mechanism 9 can have a curved structure that fits against the outer wall of the circulation pipe 3. This facilitates a closer magnetic connection with the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 within the circulation pipe 3, resulting in a stronger magnetic force. The curved structure that fits against the outer wall of the circulation pipe 3 is used to define the shape; it does not necessarily mean that the magnet must be pressed against the outer wall of the circulation pipe 3, and there can be a gap between them.

[0154] For example, the circulation pipe 3 adopts a circular tube structure on the inner wall, and the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 adopts a magnetic component whose outer edge fits the shape of the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3. The magnetic component is a permanent magnet, electromagnet or soft magnet; while the driven magnet mechanism 9 adopts a concave arc surface structure that fits the shape of the outer wall of the circulation pipe 3.

[0155] Furthermore, the driven magnet mechanism 9 does not adopt a structure that completely surrounds the circulation pipe 3. Instead, the structure of the driven magnet mechanism 9 is configured to avoid the air inlet 5.

[0156] Furthermore, the driven magnet mechanism 9 will not be obstructed during rotation due to the pipeline at the air inlet 5.

[0157] Alternatively, the driven magnet mechanism 9 can be configured to completely surround the circulation pipe 3, but an openable opening component is provided at the location where it passes through the air inlet 5.

[0158] An openable opening component, such as a resilient opening mechanism, is provided. When squeezed by the pipe at the air inlet 5, the resilient opening mechanism opens, thereby allowing the driven magnet mechanism 9 to pass through the pipe at the air inlet 5.

[0159] The circulation pipe 3 is equipped with at least two shuttle magnet mechanisms 1, and the two shuttle magnet mechanisms 1 are two repulsive permanent magnet mechanisms; the two permanent magnet mechanisms are repulsive. The power linkage mechanism is equipped with at least two driven magnet mechanisms 9, and the two driven magnet mechanisms 9 are respectively connected to the two repulsive permanent magnet mechanisms by magnetic force.

[0160] By setting at least two repulsive permanent magnet mechanisms, at least two of them maintain a distance from each other in the circulation pipe 3. Furthermore, at least two driven magnet mechanisms 9 are respectively connected to at least two repulsive permanent magnet mechanisms via magnetic force, which also maintains a distance between the at least two driven magnet mechanisms 9, thereby achieving a relatively balanced power input. This also allows for a stronger power input.

[0161] Furthermore, both driven magnet mechanisms 9 are soft magnets, which are attracted and connected to two repulsive permanent magnet mechanisms respectively.

[0162] After the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 and the driven magnet mechanism 9 separate due to excessive force, the driven magnet mechanism 9, being composed of soft magnets, can more easily and quickly reconnect magnetically.

[0163] It also includes a circulation pipe 3 support system that provides support. A fixing mechanism is provided on the side of the circulation pipe 3 to fix the circulation pipe 3 to the circulation pipe 3 support system. The fixing mechanism does not obstruct the movement of the driven magnet mechanism 9.

[0164] The support system for the circulation pipeline 3 can be a base, or the entire outer shell or the entire skeleton of the equipment.

[0165] By suspending the circulation pipe 3 by fixing the mechanism (suspending it or supporting it in the air), the driven magnet mechanism 9 can have more space to be installed.

[0166] Furthermore, the thickness of the fixing mechanism is less than 1.2 times the thickness of the circulation pipe 3 when it is within 0.5 cm of the circulation pipe 3.

[0167] In this way, the driven magnet mechanism 9 can be allowed to protrude at least 0.5 cm when it is sleeved or inserted into the circulation pipe 3, and a permanent magnet can be installed on the length of at least 0.5 cm.

[0168] The fixing mechanism can be a sheet-like structure or a support rod (such as a steel pipe or steel bar). The thickness mentioned above includes the meaning of coarseness when using a support rod.

[0169] This minimum 0.5 cm length of space is particularly crucial for the magnetic force exerted on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 within the circulation pipe 3 after the permanent magnet is installed. It allows for further optimization of the force balance of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0170] Because the design of this invention requires avoiding the air inlet 5 and the air outlet 6, the driven magnet mechanism 9 is not easy to completely close into a loop. Therefore, the magnetic field at the opening of the driven magnet mechanism 9 is relatively weak, which will cause uneven force on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 in the circulation pipe 3.

[0171] Adding a permanent magnet protruding at least 0.5 cm can effectively compensate for the magnetic field at the opening, making the force on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 within the circulation pipe 3 relatively uniform again. This has positive technical effects on avoiding vibration during movement and reducing friction.

[0172] A power magnetic lock includes a magnetic mechanism, referred to as a shuttle magnetic mechanism 1; and a pipe that allows the shuttle magnetic mechanism 1 to move. The shuttle magnetic mechanism 1 includes at least one magnetic component selected from permanent magnets and electromagnets. It also includes a magnetic mechanism, referred to as a driven magnetic mechanism 9, which is disposed outside the pipe and magnetically linked with the shuttle magnetic mechanism 1. Permanent magnets are disposed on opposite sides of the pipe outside the driven magnetic mechanism 9. The magnetic direction of the magnetic component of the shuttle magnetic mechanism 1 is such that it attracts the permanent magnets on opposite sides of the driven magnetic mechanism 9 outside the pipe.

[0173] This reduces or even eliminates the pressure exerted by the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 on the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3, thereby reducing resistance and friction. This improves work efficiency and reduces equipment wear.

[0174] The driven magnet mechanism 9 consists of permanent magnets located on opposite sides of the pipe. These permanent magnets can be two separate permanent magnets or a single piece of permanent magnet extending to opposite sides of the pipe. For example, the single piece of permanent magnet can be an n-type permanent magnet.

[0175] A magnetic lock is used in a gas differential pressure loop power generation system, with a circulating pipe 3 as the pipeline. Two permanent magnets can be connected together via an n-shaped structure. The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 contains at least one permanent magnet; the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 has two magnetic poles, which are respectively attached to opposite sides of the inner wall of the circulating pipe 3; the magnetic poles attached to opposite sides of the inner wall of the circulating pipe 3 are different. Alternatively, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 may include a permanent magnet, with its two poles respectively attached to the inner wall of the circulating pipe 3.

[0176] It is possible that the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 includes at least two permanent magnets, each of which has a magnetic pole close to the inner wall of opposite sides of the circulation pipe 3; the magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets close to the inner wall of opposite sides of the circulation pipe 3 are different.

[0177] At least two permanent magnets are connected by a magnetically conductive component f4. This enhances the outward magnetic field extension on both sides.

[0178] The two permanent magnets of the driven magnet mechanism 9 are connected by a magnetic conduction mechanism; the two magnetic poles of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 located on opposite sides of the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3 are different and are connected by a magnetic conduction mechanism; the two permanent magnets of the driven magnet mechanism 9 are attracted to the two magnetic poles of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 respectively; thus realizing a magnetic lock structure.

[0179] This structure ensures that the magnetic fields of the driven magnet mechanism 9 and the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 are almost completely concealed, flowing within the closed-loop mechanism. This allows the magnetic forces to engage and maintain a strong force during movement. Furthermore, because the magnetic force is shielded within the annular area, it avoids attracting surrounding iron filings and prevents other disturbances to the surrounding environment.

[0180] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the circulation channel has a soft magnetic material part, and the soft magnetic material part is provided with an open groove, and the induction coil 2 is placed in the groove;

[0181] The soft magnetic parts on both sides of the groove achieve magnetic field conduction through the magnetically conductive part at the bottom of the groove;

[0182] The spacing between the two sides of the groove corresponds to the two magnetic poles of different magnetic properties of the magnetic components on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1;

[0183] The two sides of the groove opening serve as the introduction part of the magnetic field on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0184] In this embodiment, on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, the magnetic field of one magnetic pole passes through one side of the groove, enters the soft magnetic material part, passes through the other side of the groove, and returns to another magnetic pole on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, forming a magnetic field loop. This magnetic field loop surrounds the induction coil 2. When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 moves, it generates more changes in the magnetic field, thus generating more electrical energy.

[0185] The groove can be annular, surrounding the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3, and the annular induction coil 2 is embedded in the annular groove. The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 operates by passing through the induction coil 2.

[0186] Furthermore, the circulation pipe 3 is made of a non-soft magnetic stainless steel round tube bent into a pipe. The pipe is allowed to be equipped with a metal conductor that uses the magnetic field change of the shuttle magnetic component to heat the pipe. The metal conductor is allowed to be an induction heating coil.

[0187] The circulating pipe 3 may also be attached with at least one heat exchange device, such as heat exchange tubes or heat exchange plates, to absorb heat from the surrounding space.

[0188] The circulating pipe 3 may also be attached to a heat exchange system that employs at least one of the following: an airflow heat exchange system and a liquid heat exchange system.

[0189] In this embodiment, the high-pressure air driving the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 within the circulation pipe 3 is a gas expansion process, during which the gas cools down. The aforementioned heating metal conductor, or at least one of the heat exchange devices such as heat exchange tubes or heat exchange plates, facilitates heat absorption from the surrounding space. Alternatively, it can be a heat exchange system consisting of at least one of the following: a gas flow heat exchange system or a liquid heat exchange system. This prevents the circulation pipe 3 from becoming too cold and reducing kinetic energy output. Furthermore, the heating metal conductor also heats the fluid within the channel, increasing its expansion force and thus improving kinetic energy output efficiency.

[0190] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 has a strip-shaped structure with a curvature that fits the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3;

[0191] The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is provided with at least one elastic ring 11 with outward expansion elastic force; the elastic ring 11 is selected from at least one of metal ring, Teflon material ring, or other wear-resistant elastic material ring;

[0192] The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is provided with a groove, the elastic ring 11 is embedded in the groove, and at least part of its outer edge protrudes from the groove;

[0193] At least part of the outer edge of the elastic ring 11 abuts against the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3, thereby reducing the gap between the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 and the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3; the elastic ring 11 is provided with an opening, which provides space for elastic compression and expansion.

[0194] The shuttle magnet mechanism 1 has at least three rolling components arranged around it. These three rolling components are not necessarily identical in structure. This reduces or eliminates sliding friction on all surfaces of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency.

[0195] By arranging three rolling components around the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, point support is provided for the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3. Even if any one rolling component does not contact the inner wall, the other two rolling components can automatically adjust their angles to provide good and stable support. This method offers better mechanical performance compared to setting more rolling components at one end.

[0196] Furthermore, each end of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is provided with three rolling components arranged around the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to achieve stable balance between front and back.

[0197] Furthermore, the rolling components at both ends are preferably at the same height as the plane where the curvature of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is located, which further ensures stability and uniform force distribution.

[0198] The rolling component uses roller b1, which has an outer edge with a convex arc surface structure. The arc surface structure of the outer edge fits into the arc surface of the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3 it abuts against. For example, if the radius of the arc section of the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3 that is abutted is 10cm, then the radius of the arc section of the outer edge of roller b1 is close to or even equal to 10cm. This facilitates the fit between the two components.

[0199] The outer edge of roller b1 has an elastic surface. When pressed against the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3, the roller b1 automatically completes the fit through the elastic surface of the outer edge of roller b1, and can adapt to the irregularity caused by the defects of the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3.

[0200] The contact area between the outer edge of roller b1 and the inner wall of circulation pipe 3 is greatly increased compared to the contact area between the ball or roller b1 with a cylindrical outer edge, which greatly reduces the pressure generated on the inner wall of circulation pipe 3 and protects the inner wall of circulation pipe 3.

[0201] Furthermore, the width of the outer edge of roller b1 is greater than one-quarter of the radius of roller b1, ensuring the contact area of ​​the abutting part.

[0202] The axial direction of roller b1 is parallel or nearly parallel to the circular axial direction of circulation pipe 3. During the rotation of roller b1 in circulation pipe 3, there is no need to turn, and there is no friction caused by turning.

[0203] The radius of roller b1 is one-fifth larger than the inner wall radius of circulation pipe 3. This allows roller b1 to operate at a lower speed during equipment operation. Although this increases weight and centrifugal force, it also protects the bearings of roller b1. For equipment that operates year-round, this significantly improves stability.

[0204] The outer edge of roller b1 is covered with a layer of elastic, wear-resistant material. The roller body can be made of metal or other hard materials. This ensures both strength and slight elasticity. The elastic, wear-resistant material layer can be a rubber layer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), etc.

[0205] The thickness of the elastic wear-resistant material layer is greater than 0.2 mm and less than 1.5 mm.

[0206] To avoid operational deviations due to excessive wear during prolonged operation. Even after the elastic wear-resistant material layer has completely worn away, the system's performance will decrease, but it can still operate relatively stably. This allows ample time for after-sales service.

[0207] Alternatively, the wheel body of roller b1 can be made of plastic. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is preferred. PTFE itself has sufficient strength and slight elasticity.

[0208] Reference Figure 5 As shown, at least one magnet group is provided on the shuttle magnet mechanism 1;

[0209] The magnet assembly consists of three permanent magnets arranged in a front-to-back arrangement: front permanent magnet f1, middle permanent magnet f2, and rear permanent magnet f3.

[0210] The magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet f1 and the rear permanent magnet f3 are both one with one magnetic pole facing outward and the other with one magnetic pole facing inward, and the outward magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet f1 and the rear permanent magnet f3 are different.

[0211] The magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet f2 are oriented in the front-back direction, with one magnetic pole facing the front permanent magnet f1 and the other magnetic pole facing the rear permanent magnet f3. Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet f2 are oriented in a way that repels the outward-facing magnetic poles of both the front permanent magnet f1 and the rear permanent magnet f3.

[0212] This design differs from the traditional push-pull magnet arrangement. It incorporates a specially oriented permanent magnet f2.

[0213] The permanent magnet f2 achieves a special effect by setting its front-to-back orientation and magnetic pole orientation, which allows it to repel two outward-facing magnetic poles with different magnetic properties.

[0214] This restricts the path through which the outward-facing magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet f1 and the rear permanent magnet f3 attract each other, causing the magnetic fields to overlap and form a closed loop near the surface.

[0215] This allows the front permanent magnet f1 and the rear permanent magnet f3 to form a larger closed loop path, further away from the surface, thus allowing more magnetic field to be transmitted to a distance, facilitating a stronger magnetic field coupling with the driven magnet mechanism 9 at a distance.

[0216] This allows the driven magnet mechanism 9 to be positioned at a greater distance. It allows for a greater thickness in the circulation pipe 3, and a larger gap between the pneumatic magnet mechanism and the inner wall of the circulation pipe 3. This significantly enhances the pressure-bearing capacity of the equipment. It also significantly reduces the precision requirements for the equipment's machining.

[0217] Furthermore, the inward-facing magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet f1 and the inward-facing magnetic poles of the rear permanent magnet f3 are connected magnetically via the magnetically conductive component f4. The magnetically conductive component f4 can be made of a soft magnet or a carbon steel plate. It can be set that... Figure 5 The shaded area represents the N pole of the permanent magnet, while the blank area represents the S pole.

[0218] Furthermore, the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is equipped with at least four magnet groups arranged in a front-to-back configuration to ensure magnetic strength.

[0219] The tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is provided with at least one recess G for collecting air; through the recess G, the airflow impacting the recess G is collected and rebounded, thereby forming reverse turbulence, increasing the resistance of the airflow passing over the side and improving air tightness.

[0220] At least one edge of the recess G is less than 2 mm from the edge of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, so that the turbulence and the airflow passing through the edge create resistance, thereby improving airtightness and thrust. The recess G is preferably greater than 5 mm in depth and greater than 2 mm in width to ensure turbulence quality.

[0221] The recess G is a ring-shaped structure located at the edge of the tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1.

[0222] Furthermore, the control valve 4 is a one-way valve pushed open by the shuttle magnet mechanism 1; one end of the one-way valve body is directly or indirectly connected to the circulation pipe 3 through a rotating mechanism, and the other end is an openable free end; the free end is close to the side of the circulation pipe 3; the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 has a protrusion (forward protrusion) on the free end side of the body in the forward direction; the height of the front end of the protrusion (forward protrusion) is not higher than one-third of the valve height; thus, when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 pushes open the one-way valve body, the protrusion first pushes the free end side of the body, so that the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 can push open the body with a smaller force, making the opening of the door smooth, reliable and easy.

[0223] After the protrusion (forward protrusion) opens the control valve 4 with a small force, the air pressure on both sides tends to balance, allowing the control valve 4 to be opened again in a relatively pressureless state. This consumes less energy, reduces the obstruction of the door to the movement of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, and allows the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to move smoothly with almost no deceleration when passing through the control valve 4. This results in higher energy utilization.

[0224] A section of pipe is installed between the air outlet 6 and the one-way valve. After the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes the air outlet 6, it continues to move forward under the action of at least one force, such as inertia, gravity, magnetism, or others. During its movement, it compresses the gas in this section of pipe, generating air pressure. This air pressure partially or completely pushes open the one-way valve. Partially opening the one-way valve can also greatly reduce the impact force when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 further pushes open the one-way valve by impact.

[0225] If the air pressure can fully open the check valve, the impact force when passing through the check valve can be reduced or even avoided.

[0226] When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 reaches the one-way valve, it pushes open the one-way valve and passes through.

[0227] The control valve 4 can also be a mechanically linked control valve 4. A mechanical button 41 is set on the running trajectory of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. The mechanical button 41 is linked with the control valve 4. When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is pressed against the mechanical button 41 during operation, the control valve 4 opens.

[0228] Mechanical button 41 can be positioned between air outlet 6 and control valve 4. This allows the control valve 4 to be opened when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 is sufficiently close to it, minimizing reverse airflow and energy waste.

[0229] The mechanical button 41 can also be positioned behind the air outlet 6 at a location no more than one-tenth the length of the circulation pipe 3. The mechanical button 41 is triggered before reaching the air outlet 6, ensuring sufficient speed inertia and airflow power to drive it and generate enough force to operate it.

[0230] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the mechanical button 41 and the control valve 4 is no greater than the length of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1. This ensures that when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 leaves the mechanical button 41 at its end, its front end is already below the control valve 4, able to hold the control valve 4 in place and prevent it from resetting before the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes. In particular, it prevents slippage. The mechanical button 41 is located at the upper part of the circulation pipe 3, and the control valve 4 is a sliding control valve. This design facilitates the reset of the mechanical button 41 and the control valve 4 by gravity, improving operational reliability and reducing the number of components.

[0231] In addition, because the mechanical button 41 is located on the top, it can effectively reduce or avoid the shaking that occurs when the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes through.

[0232] Furthermore, a mechanical button is installed in front of the control valve 4, and the mechanical button is linked to the control valve 4; during the operation of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, after passing through the control valve 4, when it squeezes the mechanical button, the control valve 4 closes. This blocks the gas from flowing from the air inlet 5 to the air outlet 6 through the control valve 4.

[0233] Examples of lubricating oils:

[0234] A lubricating oil supply system is also provided, which includes an oil storage device, an oil supply pipeline, and an oiling component 7 for applying lubricating oil.

[0235] The oiling component 7 is connected to the channel of the circulation pipe 3;

[0236] When the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes through the oiling component 7, oil can be applied to the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to reduce friction. Because the oiling component 7 is located inside the channel, oiling can be performed during operation without stopping the machine.

[0237] As the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 passes through the oiling component 7, oil is applied to the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to form an oil seal. This reduces the airflow loss through the side of the shuttle magnet mechanism 1, resulting in higher energy utilization efficiency.

[0238] The oiling component 7 may be located between the air outlet 6 and the control valve 4.

[0239] To prevent the oiled part 7 from being subjected to high pressure or high speed airflow, to prevent the lubricating oil from being pushed back in the opposite direction, and to prevent the lubricating oil from being blown into the airflow, thus ensuring the oiling effect and preventing lubricating oil waste.

[0240] More preferably, it is positioned above the air outlet 6 and the control valve 4, so that the lubricating oil can slide down automatically by gravity without the need for directional application.

[0241] An example of a series-connected circulation pipe 3:

[0242] The shuttle power generation equipment is equipped with at least two circulation pipes 3, which are divided into an upper circulation pipe 3 and a secondary circulation pipe 3. The air inlet 5 of the upper circulation pipe 3 is connected to the air energy storage chamber, and the air outlet 6 of the upper circulation pipe 3 is connected to the air inlet 5 of the secondary circulation pipe 3.

[0243] The airflow output from the air source first flows through the circulation pipe 3, which is called the upper circulation pipe 3, and then flows through the circulation pipe 3, which is called the lower circulation pipe 3. The names can be relative. For example, a lower circulation pipe 3 of an upper circulation pipe 3 can be an upper circulation pipe 3 of a lower circulation pipe 3.

[0244] The air inlet 5 of the upper circulation pipe 3 is connected to the air source. The air source outputs a high-pressure airflow or an evaporable liquid into the upper circulation pipe 3, which drives the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 to do work. After doing work, the gas with residual pressure enters the secondary circulation pipe 3 and continues to drive the shuttle magnet mechanism 1 in the secondary circulation pipe 3 to do work again.

[0245] This design allows the gas to perform work multiple times through at least two circulation pipes 3, avoiding energy waste and generating more electrical energy.

[0246] Furthermore, by employing multiple circulating pipes 3 connected in series, the air pressure at the outlet 6 of the upper circulating pipe 3 can be increased, thereby reducing the pressure between the inlet 5 and outlet 6 of the upper circulating pipe 3. For situations where the air source output pressure is very high, this design can avoid the impact of high pressure differentials, protecting equipment safety. This allows the equipment to operate smoothly without the need for other complex pressure relief devices or strength-enhancing components.

[0247] It brings benefits in terms of energy conversion rate, safe and stable operation of equipment, and reduced costs.

[0248] If the air pressure is insufficient and the thrust cannot be output during the operation of the system associated with the secondary circulation pipe 3, it will automatically decelerate and increase the air pressure to be able to output effective thrust.

[0249] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments may be omitted, i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of the invention or to the implementation of the invention.

[0250] It should be understood that during the development of any practical implementation, such as in any engineering or design project, numerous decisions can be made regarding the specific implementation. Such development efforts may be complex and time-consuming, but for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure, the development effort will be a routine task in design, manufacturing, and production without requiring extensive experimentation.

[0251] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-based energy storage power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device, comprising an air storage chamber containing high-pressure air, characterized in that, The air storage chamber includes a hard rock cavern, in which metal heat exchange plates are installed. One end of the metal heat exchange plates is buried in the hard rock layer, and the other end extends into the high-pressure air chamber. The walls of the caves in the hard rock layer are lined with a concrete layer, and a layer of nano-sized organosilicon polymer coating with a thickness of 7-12 μm is coated on the concrete layer to form a sealing layer. The structure, including the cave walls, concrete layers, and sealing layers of the hard rock cave, forms an integrated airtight structure for the air energy storage chamber. The ceiling of the cave in the hard rock layer is more than 20m above the ground; It also includes a shuttle power generation device; The shuttle power generation device includes at least one airtight circulation pipe, and a magnetic mechanism that allows movement within the circulation pipe is called a shuttle magnet mechanism. The shuttle magnet mechanism includes at least one magnetic component with magnetic properties, such as a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The circulation pipeline is equipped with an air inlet and an air outlet, and a valve is installed between the air inlet and the air outlet, which is called a control valve. The stroke segment including the air inlet, control valve, and air outlet is called the control segment, and the remaining stroke segment is called the drive segment. When the control valve is closed, gas cannot flow from the inlet to the outlet of the control section. When the control valve is opened, the opening shape of the control valve is such that it allows the shuttle magnet mechanism to pass through; The air storage chamber is connected to the air inlet of the circulation pipe through a valve. The air outlet of the circulation pipe is allowed to be connected to the air inlet of another circulation pipe, and is also allowed to be connected to the atmosphere through a valve. When the shuttle magnet mechanism is located in the drive section, it is in a state that obstructs the flow of air from the air inlet to the air outlet of the drive section. The shuttle magnet mechanism is driven by air pressure to shuttle in the circulation pipe. It also has a liquid heat exchange system, which has heat exchange tubes attached to the outside of the circulation pipe; The outer side of the circulation pipe is welded with heat exchange fins, which are arranged in a fin array. The heat exchange fins are provided with holes. After the holes on the heat exchange fins are arranged into a fin array, they are combined to form a channel, and the heat exchange tube is placed in the channel. A power generation system is also installed; The power generation system may be an induction power generation system, which includes at least two induction coils set on the circulation pipe. The induction coils are connected to the power output terminal, and a shuttle magnet mechanism shuttles the induction coils to generate electricity. The power generation system may also use a generator system, which is equipped with a magnet mechanism that is magnetically linked to the shuttle magnet mechanism, called the driven magnet mechanism. The driven magnet mechanism is linked to the rotor of a generator.

2. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between the concrete layer and the sealing layer, a layer of concrete densifier is also provided to seal the pores on the surface of the concrete layer, forming a sealing layer. The structure, including the cave walls of the hard rock cave, concrete layers, sealing layers, and sealing layers, forms an integrated airtight structure for a denser air storage chamber.

3. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between the air storage chamber and the air inlet of the circulation pipeline, there is also a gas control system that controls the release of high-pressure air; The air control system includes a chamber pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the air storage chamber, a pipeline pressure sensor for detecting the air pressure inside the circulation pipeline, and a speed sensor for detecting the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism. It also includes a controlled air valve installed at the air inlet, with the air inlet end of the controlled air valve connected to the air storage chamber. The gas control system also includes a microprocessor system; The chamber pressure sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, and speed sensor are respectively connected to the microprocessor system; The microprocessor system controls the connected controlled air valve; The microprocessor system runs control software that adjusts the opening of the controlled air valve and controls the release rate of high-pressure air based on the pressure in the air storage chamber and the pressure in the circulation pipeline. The control software controls the amount of high-pressure air released based on the operating speed of the shuttle magnet mechanism.

4. The air energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mechanical button is installed in front of the control valve to close it in conjunction with the control valve. After the shuttle magnet mechanism passes the control valve, when it is pressed against the mechanical button, the control valve closes, blocking the gas in the inlet from flowing to the outlet through the control valve. No heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button, the control valve, and the air outlet; A heat exchange tube is installed in the section between the mechanical button and the air outlet; This reduces the pressure during the air intake process, ensuring smooth air intake, preventing airflow from being reversed to the air storage chamber, and improving energy conversion efficiency.

5. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat source of the liquid heat exchange system comes from the heat of compression generated during the air compression process. The heat of compression is stored in a heat storage device with a heat storage medium; The heat storage medium is one of water, heat transfer oil, or molten salt.

6. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driven magnet mechanism magnetically attracts the shuttle magnet mechanism inside the circulation pipe from at least one side outside the circulation pipe, and the rotation trajectory of the driven magnet mechanism matches the rotation trajectory of the shuttle magnet mechanism. The driven magnet mechanism includes at least two magnets, which are disposed on at least two sides of the circulation pipe. At least two magnets exert the same force on the shuttle magnet mechanism, thus ensuring that the driven magnet mechanism and the shuttle magnet mechanism complete a strong magnetic linkage relationship, while avoiding excessive pressure on the inner wall of the circulation pipe due to excessive attraction or repulsion on one side of the shuttle magnet mechanism, thereby avoiding excessive resistance, reducing energy loss, and reducing friction wear on the equipment. The two magnetic components of the driven magnet mechanism are connected by a magnetic conductive component; The two magnetic components and the magnetic conductive component adopt an integrated permanent magnet structure, that is, the two magnetic components and the magnetic conductive component are integrally formed magnetic components.

7. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulation channel has a soft magnetic material part, which has an open groove, and the induction coil is placed in the groove; The soft magnetic parts on both sides of the groove achieve magnetic field conduction through the magnetically conductive part at the bottom of the groove; The spacing on both sides of the groove corresponds to the two magnetic poles of different magnetic properties on the magnetic components of the shuttle magnet mechanism; The two sides of the groove opening serve as the introduction part of the magnetic field on the shuttle magnet mechanism.

8. The air energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shuttle magnet mechanism has a strip-shaped structure with a curvature that fits the inner wall of the circulation pipe; The shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with at least one elastic ring with an outward expansion force; The shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with a groove, the elastic ring is embedded in the groove, and at least part of the outer edge protrudes from the groove; At least part of the outer edge of the elastic ring abuts against the inner wall of the circulation pipe, thereby reducing the gap between the shuttle magnet mechanism and the inner wall of the circulation pipe. The shuttle magnet mechanism is equipped with at least three rolling parts, which are arranged around the shuttle magnet mechanism. The arrangement of the three rolling parts around the shuttle magnet mechanism provides point support for the inner wall of the circulation pipe. The rolling component uses a roller, which has an outer edge with a convex arc surface structure. The arc surface structure of the outer edge fits against the arc surface of the inner wall of the circulation pipe. The outer edge of the roller has an elastic surface. When pressed against the inner wall of the circulation pipe, the roller automatically completes the fit and can adapt to the irregularities caused by defects in the inner wall of the circulation pipe.

9. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shuttle magnet mechanism is equipped with at least one group of magnets; The magnet assembly consists of three permanent magnets arranged in a front-to-back pattern: a front permanent magnet, a middle permanent magnet, and a rear permanent magnet. The magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet and the rear permanent magnet are both oriented with one pole facing outward and the other facing inward, and the outward-facing magnetic poles of the front permanent magnet and the rear permanent magnet are different; The magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet are oriented in the front-to-back direction, with one magnetic pole facing the front permanent magnet and the other facing the rear permanent magnet. Furthermore, the magnetic poles of the middle permanent magnet are oriented in a way that repels the outward-facing magnetic poles of both the front and rear permanent magnets. The tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism is provided with at least one recess for collecting air; At least one edge of the recess is less than 2 mm from the edge of the shuttle magnet mechanism; The recess is a ring-shaped structure located at the edge of the tail of the shuttle magnet mechanism.

10. The air-based energy storage and power generation system based on a shuttle power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control valve is a one-way valve pushed open by a shuttle magnet mechanism; A section of pipe is installed between the air outlet and the one-way valve. After the shuttle magnet mechanism passes the air outlet, it continues to move forward under the action of at least one of the following forces: inertia, gravity, magnetic force, or other forces. During the forward movement, the gas in the section of pipe is compressed, and the gas generates air pressure. The air pressure partially or completely pushes open the one-way valve.

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