Magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory and its application method

Abstract

The application provides a magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory and an application method thereof. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer is composed of a target transformer magnetic circuit and a magnetic induction element matrix. The equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer magnetic circuit and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer magnetic circuit are adjusted, so that the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is continuously controlled. Meanwhile, by adjusting the equivalent magnetic resistance of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer magnetic circuit and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer magnetic circuit, the magnetic circuit cutoff frequency is adjusted, so that the harmonics in the magnetic circuit are filtered, and the active power and the reactive power of the magnetic circuit are controllably distributed. By dynamically controlling the parameter configuration, combination mode and switching state of the magnetic induction element, the magnetic flux phase in the core is directly adjusted in a wide range, so that the phase-shifting of the voltage of the secondary winding of the transformer relative to the voltage of the original winding is realized, and the harmonic filtering and the reactive power compensation of the magnetic circuit are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of magnetic circuit theory application, and particularly relates to the structural design of electromagnetic devices. Background Technology

[0002] A phase-shifting transformer is a device that can change the phase of input and output voltages, and it has wide applications in power flow control of transmission systems. When the voltage in a transmission line passes through a phase-shifting transformer, its amplitude and phase angle can be continuously or progressively adjusted within a certain range, thereby effectively changing the phase difference between the voltages at both ends of the line and achieving flexible control of the power flow. Compared with other power flow control devices, phase-shifting transformers have advantages such as strong regulation capability, mature structure, high operational reliability, and relatively low investment cost, and are widely used in scenarios such as power flow distribution optimization in power grids and power control of inter-regional interconnected lines.

[0003] The phase-shifting transformers used in existing phase-shifting projects mainly include single-core phase-shifting transformers, dual-core phase-shifting transformers, and rotating phase-shifting transformers, among other structural forms. Although their specific structures differ, their basic working principle is essentially the same: by introducing an additional voltage phasor with controllable amplitude and phase angle based on the input voltage of the existing transmission line, using methods such as tap structures, on-load tap changers, and additional voltage regulating windings, and then superimposing this additional voltage phasor with the original voltage phasor to synthesize a new output voltage phasor, causing a desired change in the voltage phase difference across the line. However, the aforementioned phase-shifting transformer schemes are essentially still electrical structure implementations based on voltage phasor superposition, and therefore have certain technical limitations. Furthermore, the analysis and design of existing phase-shifting transformers are usually based on traditional equivalent circuits or scalar magnetic circuit models, making it difficult to accurately describe the phase relationship between magnetomotive force and magnetic flux, which to some extent limits further improvement in the performance of phase-shifting devices and the innovative design of new structures.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel theory and design method that starts from the magnetic circuit mechanism and can characterize the phase characteristics of the magnetic circuit, providing a new technical path for the analysis, design, and optimization of phase-shifting transformers and related phase-shifting power devices. Chinese patents CN202011350276.4 and CN202311372958.9 have shown that, based on vector magnetic circuit theory, the magnetic circuit of electromagnetic equipment can be characterized by three basic magnetic circuit parameters: reluctance, magnetic induction, and magnetocapacitance, and the phase relationship in the magnetic circuit is jointly determined by these basic magnetic circuit parameters. However, Chinese patents CN202011350276.4, CN202311372958.9, and CN202311364997.4 mainly provide methods for constructing vector magnetic circuit elements and their usage rules, but have not yet solved the following key problems: Given a transmission line voltage amplitude and a target phase shift angle, how to quantitatively calculate and rationally configure the number, electromagnetic parameters, and structural forms of vector magnetic circuit elements based on actual phase shift requirements; and how to achieve effective realization and precise control of the phase shift function from the perspective of vector magnetic circuit theory by selecting and switching different vector magnetic circuit elements. These issues still require further in-depth research. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical Problem: Addressing the shortcomings of existing phase-shifting transformers, such as small phase-shifting range, large tap capacity, complex structure, and limited functionality (only phase-shifting, lacking filtering and reactive power compensation), this paper proposes a magnetic phase-shifting transformer construction method based on vector magnetic circuit theory. This method achieves voltage phase shifting at the magnetic circuit level, rather than the electrical circuit level. Based on the vector magnetic circuit principle, the magnetic phase-shifting transformer constructs a matrix of magnetic induction elements in the target transformer's magnetic circuit. By dynamically controlling the parameter configuration, combination, and switching state of the magnetic induction element matrix, a wide range of magnetic flux phase adjustment is achieved directly, thereby realizing phase shifting of the secondary winding voltage relative to the primary winding voltage. This also enables effective screening of magnetic circuit harmonics and reactive power compensation.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention further proposes an application method based on the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. By continuously controlling the magnetic circuit phase of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer, the active power flow of the power transmission line can be regulated. At the same time, it has functions such as harmonic filtering, power regulation and reactive power compensation, thereby improving the flexibility, stability and economy of power system operation.

[0007] Technical Solution: To solve the above technical problems, this invention adopts the following solution: First, it proposes a magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory. This magnetic phase-shifting transformer consists of a target transformer magnetic circuit and a matrix of magnetic sensing elements. By controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic sensing elements in the matrix, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is achieved. and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The adjustment thereby continuously regulates the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. Simultaneously, by adjusting the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer... and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer Parameters to achieve the cutoff frequency of the magnetic circuit. Adjustments are made to filter harmonics in the magnetic circuit and to control the active power of the magnetic circuit. and reactive power Controllable distribution is achieved; voltage phase shifting is realized from the magnetic circuit rather than the circuit level. Its primary side constitutes an independent system, and the secondary side is a system coupled to the primary side through the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer. The secondary side is an independent active power system or a passive user load.

[0008] The magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase shifting transformer The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer in its magnetic circuit Equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase shift transformer The decision is made to satisfy the formula. If it is necessary to adjust the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase shifting transformer to a new target phase angle Then it is necessary to adjust the equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix To satisfy In the formula, This represents the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit. This represents the equivalent magnetic reactance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit.

[0009] The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is .

[0010] The magnetic element matrix consists of multiple magnetic elements, each of which comprises a closed magnetic coil, a capacitor, and other circuit elements, including circuit element type and vector magnetic circuit element type. By dynamically controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic elements, the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic element matrix can be adjusted in four directions, i.e., achieving positive equivalent magnetoresistance variation. Negative equivalent reluctance change Positive equivalent magnetic reactance change and negative equivalent magnetic reactance change .

[0011] The active power of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and reactive power The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer respectively Equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase shift transformer The decision is made based on the condition that the active power meets the following criteria. Reactive power meets the conditions , The effective value of the magnetic flux of the target magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux frequency is used to dynamically control the magnetic circuit power by adjusting the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. This allows the active and reactive power of the magnetic circuit to be distributed in the expected direction and magnitude, thereby achieving active power regulation and reactive power compensation of the transmission line.

[0012] The magnetic circuit cutoff frequency of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The cutoff frequency is dynamically adjusted when the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer change, thereby enabling partial filtering of harmonics in the magnetic circuit.

[0013] The target transformer's magnetic circuit has various topologies, including single magnetic circuit, dual magnetic circuit, multi magnetic circuit, or rotating magnetic circuit; the equivalent reluctance of the magnetic induction element matrix is ​​adjusted by... The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix To achieve the phase angle of the magnetic flux in the target magnetic circuit Regulation.

[0014] The magnetic phase-shifting transformer is applicable to both single-phase and three-phase transformer magnetic circuits. For three-phase transformer magnetic circuits, different adjustment methods are selected according to specific application requirements: one is to introduce a magnetic induction element matrix into each phase magnetic circuit to achieve independent control of the phase of each phase magnetic flux; the other is to adjust the overall phase of the three-phase composite magnetic flux through the magnetic induction element matrix.

[0015] When the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is connected to two application systems, it can achieve bidirectional power flow regulation between the two systems; the active power of the line between the two systems... Satisfy the formula The reactive power of the lines between the two systems Satisfy the formula In the formula, and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 1, respectively. and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 2, respectively. For the reactance of the transmission line; changed by adjusting the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The phase difference enables control of the direction and magnitude of line power; when At that time, the line power flows in the positive direction; when At that time, the line power flows in the negative direction; when At this time, there is no power transmission between the two systems, thus enabling bidirectional control of the power flow in the transmission line.

[0016] The application of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is as follows: For the target transformer's magnetic circuit, by adjusting the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic induction element matrix, the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer can be adjusted. Precise adjustment to achieve the preset target phase angle The specific steps are as follows:

[0017] S1. Based on the physical structure of the target transformer's magnetic circuit and the actual operating conditions of frequency and temperature, calculate the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters without the addition of the magnetic induction element matrix, including the equivalent reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer ;

[0018] S2, according to the preset target phase angle And its tangent curve, constructing the magnetic flux phase angle Equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The functional relationship between them determines the target phase angle. Required The ratio; combined with the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters obtained in step S1, the adjustment direction and range of the magnetic circuit parameters of the target transformer by the magnetic sensing element matrix are determined;

[0019] S3. Based on the target transformer's magnetic circuit structure and application requirements, determine the specific construction form of the magnetic sensing element matrix, including circuit element type or vector magnetic circuit element type; and under the constraint of the target transformer's magnetic circuit parameter adjustment direction as described in step S2, determine the parameter configuration, combination method, and corresponding switching state of the magnetic sensing elements.

[0020] S4. Connect the magnetic induction element matrix configured in step S3 into the magnetic circuit of the target transformer to construct the magnetic phase-shifting transformer.

[0021] S5. Without affecting the safe and stable operation of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and transmission lines, the parameter configuration and switching status of the magnetic induction element matrix are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time phase shifting and power flow regulation requirements of the transmission lines. This enables effective suppression of magnetic circuit harmonics, flexible control of active power, and dynamic compensation of reactive power, thereby achieving refined control of power flow in the transmission lines and improving the overall operating performance of the power transmission system.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: The magnetic phase-shifting transformer structure and its application method based on vector magnetic circuit theory described in this invention have the following technical advantages compared with existing technologies:

[0023] (1) The magnetic phase-shifting transformer structure and its application method designed in this invention are different from the traditional electrical implementation method based on voltage phasor superposition. Instead, it is based on the vector magnetic circuit theory. By regulating the equivalent magnetic reluctance and equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit, the phase of the magnetic flux is directly controlled, and the phase-shifting function is realized from the magnetic circuit body level. A brand-new magnetic circuit phase-shifting theory and implementation path are constructed.

[0024] (2) The magnetic phase-shifting transformer structure and its application method designed in this invention can not only achieve the control of magnetic flux phase by uniformly adjusting the equivalent magnetic reluctance and equivalent magnetic reactance parameters of the magnetic circuit, but also change the distribution relationship between active power and reactive power of the magnetic circuit, and achieve selective filtering of harmonics. Thus, multiple functions such as power flow regulation, reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression are integrated in the phase-shifting transformer, which significantly improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of power equipment.

[0025] (3) The magnetic phase-shifting transformer structure and its application method designed in this invention do not depend on a specific transformer magnetic circuit form. They are applicable to various topologies such as single magnetic circuit, dual magnetic circuit, multi magnetic circuit, and rotating magnetic circuit, and can be flexibly applied to single-phase and three-phase systems. By introducing a matrix of magnetic induction elements into the local target magnetic circuit, the phase control function can be realized. It has good modularity and engineering feasibility, and is easy to promote and apply in existing transformers and power transmission systems. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This invention provides magnetic induction element matrices of both circuit element type and vector magnetic circuit element type. Figure 2 (a) in the text represents a circuit element type. Figure 2 (b) in the diagram represents a vector magnetic circuit element type.

[0028] Figure 3 The target transformer magnetic circuits of the present invention are single magnetic circuits, dual magnetic circuits, multiple magnetic circuits, and rotating magnetic circuits.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power flow control principle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the application method of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 The primary voltage, secondary voltage, and excitation current of the present invention are those when the transformer (iron-based amorphous alloy core) is not a magnetic phase-shifting transformer.

[0032] Figure 7 The primary voltage, secondary voltage, and excitation current are those used in constructing the magnetic phase-shifting transformer (iron-based amorphous alloy core) according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 The primary voltage, secondary voltage, and excitation current of the present invention are those when the magnetic phase-shifting transformer (ferrite core) is not formed.

[0034] Figure 9 The primary voltage, secondary voltage, and excitation current are those used in constructing a magnetic phase-shifting transformer (ferrite core) according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this invention and are not intended to limit this invention.

[0036] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein.

[0037] A phase-shifting transformer (PST) is a device that changes the phase of the input and output voltages, and it has wide applications in power flow control in transmission systems. By adjusting the phase difference between the voltages at both ends of a transmission line, it regulates the magnitude and direction of active power flow, playing a crucial role in optimizing power flow distribution and inter-regional interconnection. Existing phase-shifting transformers mostly rely on additional voltage regulating windings, on-load tap changers, or rotating structures to achieve phase shifting through voltage phasor superposition. Their analysis and design are typically based on equivalent circuit models. Limited by this mechanism, existing phase-shifting transformers cannot effectively control the phase relationship between magnetic flux and magnetomotive force from the fundamental physical nature of the magnetic circuit, and generally suffer from drawbacks such as small phase-shifting range, large tap capacity, and complex structure. Furthermore, their function is mainly focused on power flow regulation in transmission lines, with limited capabilities in magnetic circuit power regulation and harmonic suppression, making it difficult to meet the demands of modern power systems for multifunctional and sophisticated power flow control devices.

[0038] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention first proposes a magnetic phase-shifting transformer (MPST) based on vector magnetic circuit theory. It is composed of the target transformer's magnetic circuit and a matrix of magnetic sensing elements, such as... Figure 1 As shown; by controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic induction element, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer can be realized. and equivalent magnetic reactance The adjustment thereby continuously regulates the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. Simultaneously, by adjusting the equivalent magnetoresistance and equivalent magnetic reactance Parameters to achieve the cutoff frequency of the magnetic circuit. Adjustments are made to filter harmonics in the magnetic circuit and to control the active power of the magnetic circuit. and reactive power Controllable distribution is achieved. Furthermore, the magnetic phase-shifting transformer achieves phase shifting of voltage at the magnetic circuit level rather than the circuit level. Its primary side constitutes an independent system, while the secondary side is a system coupled to the primary side via the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The secondary side is an independent active power system or a passive user load.

[0039] Furthermore, the phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer Due to the equivalent magnetic reluctance of its magnetic circuit and equivalent magnetic reactance The decision is made to satisfy the formula. If it is necessary to adjust the phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer to a new phase angle Then it is necessary to adjust the equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix Make it satisfy In the formula, This represents the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit. This represents the equivalent magnetic reactance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit.

[0040] Furthermore, according to the principle of vector magnetic circuits, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is... The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the target magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is .

[0041] Furthermore, the magnetic element matrix is ​​composed of multiple magnetic elements, each of which consists of a closed magnetic coil and circuit elements such as a capacitor. Typical configurations include circuit element type and vector magnetic circuit element type, such as... Figure 2 As shown; by dynamically controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic sensing element, the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic sensing element matrix can be adjusted in four directions, that is, the positive equivalent magnetoresistance variation can be realized. Negative equivalent reluctance change Positive equivalent magnetic reactance change and negative equivalent magnetic reactance change .

[0042] Furthermore, according to the principle of vector magnetic circuits, the active power of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer... and reactive power Each is composed of equivalent magnetic reluctance With equivalent magnetic reactance The decision is made based on the condition that the active power meets the following criteria. Reactive power meets the conditions , The effective value of the magnetic flux of the target magnetic circuit is given. By adjusting the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer, the dynamic control of the magnetic circuit power can be achieved, so that the active power and reactive power of the magnetic circuit are distributed in the expected direction and magnitude, thereby realizing the active power regulation and reactive power compensation of the transmission line.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the principle of vector magnetic circuits, the cutoff frequency of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is determined by the equivalent magnetic reluctance. With equivalent magnetic reactance The cutoff frequency is dynamically adjusted when the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer change, thereby enabling the filtering of harmonics in the magnetic circuit.

[0044] Furthermore, the magnetic circuit of the target transformer can have various topologies, including single magnetic circuits, dual magnetic circuits, multiple magnetic circuits, or rotating magnetic circuits, such as... Figure 3 As shown; by adjusting the equivalent magnetoresistive force of the magnetic element matrix. and equivalent magnetic reactance It can achieve phase control of the magnetic flux in the target magnetic circuit. Regulation.

[0045] Furthermore, the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is suitable for both single-phase and three-phase transformer magnetic circuits. For three-phase transformer magnetic circuits, different adjustment methods can be selected according to specific application requirements: one is to introduce a matrix of magnetic induction elements into each phase magnetic circuit to achieve independent control of the phase of the magnetic flux in each phase; the other is to use a matrix of magnetic induction elements to perform overall phase adjustment of the three-phase composite magnetic flux. Therefore, the magnetic phase-shifting transformer has flexible and diverse applications in three-phase transformers, and can meet the phase control requirements under different operating conditions.

[0046] Furthermore, when the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is connected to two application systems, such as Figure 4 As shown, bidirectional power flow regulation between the two systems can be achieved. The active power of the line between the two systems... Satisfy the formula The reactive power of the lines between the two systems Satisfy the formula In the formula, and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 1, respectively. and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 2, respectively. This refers to the reactance of the transmission line. The change is achieved by adjusting the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The phase difference can be used to control the direction and magnitude of line power; when At that time, the line power flows in the positive direction; when When, the line power flows in the negative direction; when At this time, there is no power transmission between the two systems, thus enabling bidirectional control of the power flow in the transmission line.

[0047] Furthermore, this invention designs an application method based on the aforementioned magnetic phase-shifting transformer, such as... Figure 5 As shown, by continuously adjusting the phase of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer, precise control of power flow in the power transmission line can be achieved, while also having harmonic filtering, active power regulation and reactive power compensation functions.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the application method of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer, for the target transformer magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer can be adjusted by regulating the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic induction element matrix. Precise adjustment to achieve the preset target phase angle The specific steps are as follows:

[0049] S1. Based on the physical structure and actual operating conditions (such as frequency and temperature) of the target transformer's magnetic circuit, calculate the magnetic circuit parameters without the addition of the magnetic induction element matrix, including the equivalent reluctance. and equivalent magnetic reactance ;

[0050] S2, according to the preset target phase angle Its tangent curve, constructing the magnetic flux phase angle and equivalent magnetic reluctance and equivalent magnetic reactance The functional relationship between them determines the target phase angle. Required The ratio; combined with the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters obtained in step S1, the adjustment direction and adjustment range of the magnetic sensing element matrix on the target magnetic circuit parameters are determined;

[0051] S3. Based on the target transformer's magnetic circuit structure and application requirements, determine the specific construction form of the magnetic induction element matrix, including circuit element type or vector magnetic circuit element type; and under the constraint of the magnetic circuit parameter adjustment direction described in S2, determine the parameter configuration, combination method, and corresponding switching state of the magnetic induction elements.

[0052] S4. Connect the magnetic induction element matrix configured in step S3 into the magnetic circuit of the target transformer to construct the magnetic phase-shifting transformer.

[0053] S5. Without affecting the safe and stable operation of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and transmission lines, the parameter configuration and switching status of the magnetic induction element matrix are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time phase shifting and power flow regulation requirements of the transmission lines. This enables effective suppression of magnetic circuit harmonics, flexible control of active power, and dynamic compensation of reactive power, thereby achieving refined control of power flow in the transmission lines and improving the overall operating performance of the power transmission system.

[0054] The following experimental verification of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory and its application method proposed in this invention is presented. By applying the above design scheme to a practical system and building a corresponding experimental platform, the feasibility and effectiveness of the invention are verified. The experimental setup mainly includes a signal generator, a power amplifier, a target transformer magnetic circuit, a magnetic induction element matrix, a power analyzer, a waveform recorder, an LCR meter, a voltage probe, and a current probe. The target transformer magnetic circuit is constructed using both iron-based amorphous alloy cores and ferrite cores to verify the applicability of this invention under different magnetic material conditions.

[0055] During the experiment, a signal generator, via a power amplifier, is applied to the excitation winding of the target transformer to form the primary side, applying a controllable alternating excitation voltage to the magnetic circuit. This establishes a closed magnetic flux loop and generates alternating magnetic flux in the target magnetic circuit. The magnetic induction element matrix is ​​applied to the magnetic circuit of the target transformer to adjust the equivalent reluctance and equivalent reactance of the magnetic circuit. An LCR tester is used to measure the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters corresponding to the magnetic induction element matrix to ensure that its parameter configuration meets the design requirements. Voltage and current probes are used to collect the primary voltage, primary current, and secondary voltage signals of the transformer, respectively. The voltage, current, and power-related data acquired during the experiment are synchronously recorded by a power analyzer and a waveform recorder. Finally, under a preset phase shift angle, the effectiveness and engineering feasibility of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and its construction method described in this invention in terms of magnetic flux phase control are verified by comparing the experimental measurement results with the theoretical analysis results.

[0056] First, an experimental verification was conducted on a magnetic phase-shifting transformer constructed using an iron-based amorphous alloy magnetic core (400 mm² cross-sectional area, model 1k107). Both the primary and secondary windings of the target transformer were made of 0.1 mm × 100 Litz wire, with 10 turns in each winding and a resistance of 0.02 Ω. Preliminary measurements were taken of the primary voltage without the introduction of a magnetic induction element matrix to construct the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. Secondary voltage and excitation current ,like Figure 6 As shown, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer is calculated accordingly. Equivalent magnetic reactance The corresponding magnetoresistance angle is 3°, and the experimental conditions are as follows: , , , .

[0057] With a preset phase shift angle of 28.9°, the required equivalent reluctance for the vector magnetic circuit element matrix is ​​determined based on its tangent curve. Magnetic resistance is Based on these magnetic circuit parameters, a magnetic induction element matrix was constructed using components with 8 winding turns, a series resistance of 4.92Ω, and a series inductance of 1.05 mH (100 Hz), and this matrix was then integrated into the target transformer's magnetic circuit. At this point, the equivalent reluctance of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer was calculated using vector magnetic circuit theory. for magnetic reactance for The theoretically calculated magnetoresistance angle is 29.8°.

[0058] After constructing the magnetic phase-shifting transformer, the primary voltage was experimentally measured. Secondary voltage and primary current The waveform is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the calculated equivalent reluctance is... Magnetic reactance is The magnetic impedance angle is 28.3°. The error between the theoretical value and the experimental measurement result is approximately 5%, verifying the effectiveness and engineering feasibility of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and its application method based on vector magnetic circuit theory described in this invention in terms of magnetic flux phase control.

[0059] To further verify the applicability of this method, a manganese-zinc ferrite core (model 3C94, cross-sectional area 202 mm²) was selected to construct the target transformer, a magnetic phase-shifting transformer. Both the primary and secondary windings were made of 0.1 mm × 100 Litz wire, with 20 turns each and a resistance of 0.03 Ω. Under the initial condition of constructing the magnetic phase-shifting transformer without introducing a matrix of magnetic induction elements, the primary voltage of the target transformer was measured. Secondary voltage and primary current ,like Figure 8 As shown, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer is calculated accordingly. Equivalent magnetic reactance The corresponding magnetoresistance angle is approximately 11.6°. The experimental conditions are as follows: , , , .

[0060] With a preset phase shift angle of 17.6°, the required equivalent reluctance for the vector magnetic circuit element matrix is ​​calculated based on the phase tangent curve. Equivalent magnetic reactance Based on these magnetic circuit parameters, a magnetic induction element matrix was constructed using a winding with 2 turns, a series resistance of 0.06Ω, and a series capacitance of 103 nF (50 kHz), and then integrated into the target transformer's magnetic circuit. According to vector magnetic circuit theory, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the constructed magnetic phase-shifting transformer was calculated. for Equivalent magnetic reactance for The theoretical magnetic impedance angle is 17.6°.

[0061] Experimental measurement of the primary voltage after constructing a magnetic phase-shifting transformer Secondary voltage and primary current ,like Figure 9 As shown, the equivalent magnetic reluctance is calculated. Equivalent magnetic reactance The magnetic impedance angle is approximately 17.8°. The error between the theoretical value and the experimental measurement result is only 1.1%, further verifying the effectiveness and engineering feasibility of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and its application method based on vector magnetic circuit theory described in this invention in terms of magnetic flux phase control.

[0062] In summary, this invention proposes a magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory and its application method. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The target magnetic circuit is not limited to the transformer; any electromagnetic equipment that can contain a closed magnetic circuit, as well as equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of this invention, should be included within the scope of protection set forth in the claims.

[0063] The above description is only a partial embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory, characterized in that, The magnetic phase-shifting transformer consists of the target transformer's magnetic circuit and a matrix of magnetic induction elements. By controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic induction elements in the matrix, the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer can be achieved. and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The adjustment thereby continuously regulates the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. Simultaneously, by adjusting the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer... and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer Parameters to achieve the cutoff frequency of the magnetic circuit. Adjustments are made to filter harmonics in the magnetic circuit and to control the active power of the magnetic circuit. and reactive power Controllable distribution is achieved; voltage phase shifting is realized from the magnetic circuit rather than the circuit level. Its primary side constitutes an independent system, and the secondary side is a system coupled to the primary side through the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer. The secondary side is an independent active power system or a passive user load. The magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase shifting transformer Due to the equivalent magnetic reluctance of its magnetic circuit Equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer The decision is made to satisfy the formula. If it is necessary to adjust the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase shifting transformer to a new target phase angle Then it is necessary to adjust the equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix To satisfy In the formula, This represents the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit. Represents the equivalent magnetic reactance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit; The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetoresistance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the target transformer's magnetic circuit The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix Decision, that is ; The magnetic element matrix consists of multiple magnetic elements, each of which comprises a closed magnetic coil, a capacitor, and other circuit elements, including circuit element type and vector magnetic circuit element type. By dynamically controlling the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic elements, the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic element matrix can be adjusted in four directions, i.e., achieving positive equivalent magnetoresistance variation. Negative equivalent reluctance change positive equivalent magnetic reactance change and negative equivalent magnetic reactance change .

2. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active power of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and reactive power The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer respectively Equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer The decision is made based on the condition that the active power meets the following criteria. The reactive power meets the conditions. , The effective value of the magnetic flux in the target magnetic circuit. The magnetic flux frequency is used to dynamically control the magnetic circuit power by adjusting the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. This allows the active and reactive power of the magnetic circuit to be distributed in the expected direction and magnitude, thereby achieving active power regulation and reactive power compensation of the transmission line.

3. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic circuit cutoff frequency of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The cutoff frequency is dynamically adjusted when the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer change, thereby enabling partial filtering of harmonics in the magnetic circuit.

4. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory according to claim 3, characterized in that, The target transformer's magnetic circuit has various topologies, including single magnetic circuit, dual magnetic circuit, multi magnetic circuit, or rotating magnetic circuit; the equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic induction element matrix is ​​adjusted. The equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic element matrix To achieve the phase angle of the magnetic flux in the target magnetic circuit Regulation.

5. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic phase-shifting transformer is applicable to both single-phase and three-phase transformer magnetic circuits. For three-phase transformer magnetic circuits, different adjustment methods are selected according to specific application requirements: one is to introduce a magnetic induction element matrix into each phase magnetic circuit to achieve independent control of the phase of each phase magnetic flux; the other is to adjust the overall phase of the three-phase composite magnetic flux through the magnetic induction element matrix.

6. The magnetic phase-shifting transformer based on vector magnetic circuit theory according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the magnetic phase-shifting transformer is connected to two application systems, it can achieve bidirectional power flow regulation between the two systems; the active power of the line between the two systems... Satisfy the formula The reactive power of the lines between the two systems Satisfy the formula In the formula, and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 1, respectively. and These represent the voltage amplitude and phase of system 2, respectively. For the reactance of the transmission line; changed by adjusting the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. The phase difference enables control of the direction and magnitude of line power; when At that time, the line power flows in the positive direction; when When, the line power flows in the negative direction; when At this time, there is no power transmission between the two systems, thus enabling bidirectional control of the power flow in the transmission line.

7. A method for applying the magnetic phase-shifting transformer as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, For the target transformer's magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux phase angle of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer can be adjusted by modifying the parameter configuration, combination method, and switching state of the magnetic induction element matrix. Precise adjustment to achieve the preset target phase angle The specific steps are as follows: S1. Based on the physical structure of the target transformer's magnetic circuit and the actual operating conditions of frequency and temperature, calculate the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters without the addition of the magnetic induction element matrix, including the equivalent reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer ; S2, according to the preset target phase angle And its tangent curve, constructing the magnetic flux phase angle Equivalent magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit of the phase-shifting transformer and the equivalent magnetic reactance of the magnetic circuit of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer The functional relationship between them determines the target phase angle. Required The ratio; combined with the equivalent magnetic circuit parameters obtained in step S1, the adjustment direction and range of the magnetic circuit parameters of the target transformer by the magnetic sensing element matrix are determined; S3. Based on the target transformer's magnetic circuit structure and application requirements, determine the specific construction form of the magnetic sensing element matrix, including circuit element type or vector magnetic circuit element type; and under the constraint of the target transformer's magnetic circuit parameter adjustment direction as described in step S2, determine the parameter configuration, combination method, and corresponding switching state of the magnetic sensing elements. S4. Connect the magnetic induction element matrix configured in step S3 into the magnetic circuit of the target transformer to construct the magnetic phase-shifting transformer. S5. Without affecting the safe and stable operation of the magnetic phase-shifting transformer and transmission lines, the parameter configuration and switching status of the magnetic induction element matrix are dynamically adjusted according to the real-time phase shifting and power flow regulation requirements of the transmission lines. This enables effective suppression of magnetic circuit harmonics, flexible control of active power, and dynamic compensation of reactive power, thereby achieving refined control of power flow in the transmission lines and improving the overall operating performance of the power transmission system.

Images