Long-stroke residual magnetism type operating mechanism and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-stroke residual magnetism type operating mechanism and a manufacturing method thereof, and relates to the field of electrical equipment, and the mechanism is characterized in that a first groove is formed in the center of the bottom of a static alloy magnetic core; a first through hole is formed in the center of the top of the static alloy magnetic core; a second groove is formed in the center of the top of the movable alloy magnetic core; a convex platform is arranged in the second groove; a second through hole is formed in the convex platform; the magnetic conductive rod sequentially penetrates through the magnetic induction coil, the first through hole and the first groove and then corresponds to the protruding platform. A third through hole is formed in the magnetic conductive rod; one end of the insulating pull rod is connected with an arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker; the other end of the insulating pull rod sequentially passes through the third through hole and the second through hole and then is connected with the fixing block; the two ends of the opening spring are respectively sleeved on the magnetic conductive rod and the protruding platform. And the opening and closing coil and the magnetic induction coil are respectively connected with the controller. According to the invention, the problems of insufficient magnetizing and uneven magnetic field distribution of the residual magnetism type operating mechanism during long-stroke switching-on are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key piece of equipment in the power system, the performance of circuit breakers is crucial to the safe operation of the power grid, while the operating mechanism, as the core component of the circuit breaker, has extremely high requirements for operational reliability, operating speed, and control accuracy.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream operating mechanisms are divided into spring energy storage mechanisms and residual magnetism operating mechanisms. Spring energy storage mechanisms have complex structures, components are prone to wear and aging, and have low energy utilization efficiency; residual magnetism operating mechanisms are gradually gaining attention due to their advantages in structural compactness, energy consumption control, and response speed. They achieve precise operation by adjusting the magnetic circuit path to control electromagnetic force.

[0004] However, current residual magnetism operating mechanisms generally suffer from short strokes. When the circuit is closed again after a long opening distance, insufficient magnetization and uneven magnetic field distribution occur, making them unsuitable for high-performance circuit breakers requiring long strokes and limiting their application in high-voltage long-stroke circuit breakers. Furthermore, the magnetic properties of residual magnetism operating mechanisms are prone to decay under high-frequency operation and complex electromagnetic environments, and their stability needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism and its manufacturing method, which effectively solves the problems of insufficient magnetization and uneven magnetic field distribution in the residual magnetism operating mechanism during long-stroke closing, and provides a stable and reliable structural support for its high-voltage long-stroke stable operation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism, which includes at least: a stationary alloy magnetic core, a moving alloy magnetic core, a magnetic guide rod, a magnetic induction coil, an insulating pull rod, a tripping spring, a tripping and closing coil, a fixing block, and a controller; the materials of the stationary alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are multi-metal alloys containing molybdenum, cobalt, titanium, and zirconium; the stationary alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are correspondingly arranged; the contact surfaces of the stationary alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are plated with a protective layer; a first groove is formed at the center of the bottom of the stationary alloy magnetic core; a first through hole is formed at the center of the top of the stationary alloy magnetic core; the first through hole and the first groove are interconnected; a second groove is formed at the center of the top of the moving alloy magnetic core; the second groove is correspondingly arranged with the first groove; a raised platform is provided in the second groove; a second through hole is formed on the raised platform; the second through hole penetrates the raised platform and the bottom of the moving alloy magnetic core; the first groove, the second groove, the raised platform, the first through hole, and the second through hole are located on the same central axis; the magnetic guide rod... The rod passes sequentially through the magnetic induction coil, the first through hole, and the first groove, and then corresponds to the raised platform. The length of the magnetic rod is set according to the voltage level and the mechanism stroke, and the length of the magnetic rod is greater than the height of the raised platform. A third through hole is provided on the magnetic rod. The third through hole and the second through hole are interconnected. One end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker. The other end of the insulating pull rod passes sequentially through the third through hole and the second through hole and then connects to the fixing block. The two ends of the opening spring are respectively sleeved on the magnetic rod and the raised platform. The gap between the first groove and the magnetic rod and the gap between the second groove and the raised platform are used to place the opening and closing coil. One side of the opening and closing coil is fixed in the first groove. The opening and closing coil and the magnetic induction coil are respectively connected to the controller. The controller is used to change the current direction in the opening and closing coil to control the opening and closing of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism, and uses the magnetic induction coil to monitor the change of magnetic flux of the magnetic rod during the opening and closing process.

[0008] Secondly, this application also provides a manufacturing method for the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism described in the first aspect. The manufacturing method of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism includes: producing round steel according to the formula ratio of various metals; rough machining the round steel according to the structural drawing of the alloy magnetic core to obtain an initial state alloy magnetic core; the alloy magnetic core includes a static alloy magnetic core and a dynamic alloy magnetic core; quenching the initial state alloy magnetic core and tempering it after natural cooling to obtain a heat-treated alloy magnetic core; grinding the surface of the heat-treated alloy magnetic core to obtain a finely machined alloy magnetic core; coating the contact surface of the finely machined alloy magnetic core to obtain a coated alloy magnetic core; obtaining a magnetic guide rod, a magnetic induction coil, an insulating pull rod, a trip spring, a trip coil, and a fixing block; assembling the coated alloy magnetic core, the magnetic guide rod, the magnetic induction coil, the insulating pull rod, the trip spring, the trip coil, the fixing block, and the controller to obtain the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism.

[0009] Based on the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed.

[0010] First, this application incorporates a magnetic guide rod. The guide rod passes through the first through-hole and the first groove of the stationary alloy core and corresponds to the raised platform in the second groove of the moving alloy core. Since its length is determined based on the voltage level and the mechanism's stroke, and the length of the guide rod is greater than the height of the raised platform, the guide rod can be easily lifted and lowered from the first through-hole during the opening and closing process. When the moving alloy core is far from the opening and closing coil, it is difficult to be directly magnetized. Because the opening and closing coil is fixed to the side of the guide rod and the guide rod is long enough, the magnetomotive force generated by the opening and closing coil at the stationary alloy core can be coupled to the moving alloy core side through the guide rod, thereby creating an effective attraction between the moving and stationary alloy cores. This solves the problem of insufficient magnetization and uneven magnetic field distribution in residual magnetism operating mechanisms during long-stroke closing. Second, the materials of the moving and stationary alloy cores in this application are multi-metal alloys containing molybdenum, cobalt, titanium, and zirconium, thus possessing higher magnetic induction intensity, coercivity, and hardness. Furthermore, this application also coats the contact surfaces of the moving and stationary alloy magnetic cores with a protective layer, which effectively prevents rust and further enhances the stability and high-current interruption capability of the residual magnetism operating mechanism. Finally, considering the issue of gradual magnetic decay in the magnetic circuit of the residual magnetism operating mechanism during prolonged closed operation, this application adds a magnetic induction coil to sense changes in the magnetic flux of the conductor rod, allowing for timely energization of the opening and closing coils to complete magnetic compensation adjustment. Based on these features, the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism proposed in this application exhibits less magnetic decay under high-frequency operation and complex electromagnetic environments, and its stability is effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism in the embodiments of this application.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism in an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing method of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism in this application embodiment.

[0015] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: static alloy magnetic core-1, first groove-11, moving alloy magnetic core-2, second groove-21, raised platform-22, second through hole-23, magnetic rod-3, third through hole-31, limit ring-32, magnetic induction coil-4, opening spring-5, opening and closing coil-6, and controller-7. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] This application focuses on the performance optimization of core components of circuit breakers, covering the core material manufacturing, structural design, and magnetic circuit control of residual magnetism operating mechanisms. It aims to improve the operational reliability, operational accuracy, and adaptability of residual magnetism operating mechanisms for circuit breakers through technological innovation, so as to meet the needs of modern power systems for magnetically controlled circuit breakers in terms of long-stroke operation, high efficiency and energy saving, and handling of complex operating conditions.

[0018] The purpose of this application is to provide a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism and its manufacturing method, which effectively solves the problems of insufficient magnetization and uneven magnetic field distribution in the residual magnetism operating mechanism during long-stroke closing, and provides a stable and reliable structural support for its high-voltage long-stroke stable operation.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is provided, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism includes at least: a static alloy magnetic core 1, a moving alloy magnetic core 2, a magnetic rod 3, a magnetic induction coil 4, an insulating pull rod, a tripping spring 5, a tripping and closing coil 6, a fixed block, and a controller 7.

[0021] Specifically, a static alloy magnetic core 1 and a moving alloy magnetic core 2 are correspondingly arranged; a first groove 11 is formed at the center of the bottom of the static alloy magnetic core 1; a first through hole is formed at the center of the top of the static alloy magnetic core 1; the first through hole and the first groove 11 are interconnected; a second groove 21 is formed at the center of the top of the moving alloy magnetic core 2; the second groove 21 is correspondingly arranged to the first groove 11; a raised platform 22 is provided in the second groove 21; a second through hole 23 is formed on the raised platform 22; the second through hole 23 penetrates the raised platform 22 and the bottom of the moving alloy magnetic core 2; the first groove 11, the second groove 21, the raised platform 22, the first through hole and the second through hole 23 are located on the same central axis; the magnetic rod 3 passes through the magnetic induction coil 4, the first through hole and the first groove 11 in sequence and corresponds to the raised platform 22; the magnetic rod 3 is formed with... A third through hole 31 is provided; the third through hole 31 and the second through hole 23 are interconnected; one end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker; the other end of the insulating pull rod passes through the third through hole 31 and the second through hole 23 in sequence and is connected to the fixing block; the two ends of the opening spring 5 are respectively sleeved on the magnetic rod 3 and the raised platform 22; the gap between the first groove 11 and the magnetic rod 3 and the gap between the second groove 23 and the raised platform 22 are used to place the opening and closing coil 6; one side of the opening and closing coil 6 is fixed in the first groove 11; the opening and closing coil 6 and the magnetic induction coil 4 are respectively connected to the controller 7; the controller 7 is used to change the current direction in the opening and closing coil 6 to control the opening and closing of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism, and uses the magnetic induction coil 4 to monitor the change of magnetic flux of the magnetic rod 3 during the opening and closing process. In addition, the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism also includes a bracket and a buffer pad. The static alloy magnetic core 1 is fixed to the upper support plate of the bracket by screws, and the buffer pad is fixed to one side of the fixed block by an insulating pull rod. The fixed block is connected to the insulating pull rod by threads.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 are cylindrical in shape, and the diameter and height of the static alloy core 1 are the same as those of the moving alloy core 2. The first groove 11 and the second groove 21 are cylindrical grooves, and the diameter and depth of the first groove 11 are the same as those of the second groove 21, and both their diameters and depths are smaller than the diameters and heights of the moving and static alloy cores. The raised platform 22 is cylindrical, and the diameters of the raised platform 22, the first through hole, and the magnetic guide rod 3 are the same, and all are smaller than the diameter of the second groove 21. The height of the raised platform 22 is the same as the depth of the second groove 21, and the upper surface of the raised platform 22 is flush with the upper surface of the moving alloy core 2. The inner wall of the first groove 11 and the outer wall of the magnetic guide rod 3 form a first annular groove, and the outer wall of the raised platform 22 and the inner wall of the second groove form a second annular groove. The second annular groove and the first through hole form a second annular groove. A corresponding annular groove is provided, and the second annular groove is used to place the opening and closing coil 6 between the first and second annular grooves. The opening and closing coil 6 is wound on an annular fastener, and the opening and closing coil 6 is sleeved in the first and second annular grooves through the annular fastener. The upper surface of the annular fastener is fixed to the bottom surface of the first annular groove by screws. During the opening process: the upper half of the opening and closing coil 6 is fixed in the first annular groove and the lower half is exposed on the outside. When closing, the lower half of the opening and closing coil 6 will be inserted into the second annular groove. A limit ring 32 is provided at the top of the magnetic rod 3. The inner ring of the limit ring 32 corresponds to the third through hole 31. The outer ring diameter of the limit ring 32 is larger than the diameter of the first through hole and smaller than the diameter of the static alloy magnetic core 1. The inner ring diameter of the limit ring 32 is equal to the diameter of the third through hole 31. The magnetic induction coil 4 is sleeved between the limit ring 32 and the static alloy magnetic core 1 through the magnetic rod 3.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the length of the magnetic rod 3 needs to be designed to match the voltage level and the travel requirements of the mechanism. Based on the circuit breaker insulation level, arc-extinguishing chamber size, and typical mechanism travel requirements, long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanisms can be widely applied to voltage levels such as 72.5kV, 110kV, and 220kV. The corresponding magnetic rod length range is set as follows: For 72.5kV circuit breakers, the mechanical travel is generally in the range of 60mm-90mm. The magnetic rod 3 mainly serves to cross the air gap in the open state and maintain the continuity of the magnetic circuit. Therefore, the effective length of the magnetic rod 3 should be in the range of 120mm-180mm. Without significantly increasing the structural height, it can ensure that the moving alloy magnetic core is fully magnetized through the magnetic rod in the initial closing stage, thereby quickly establishing attraction. For 110kV circuit breakers, the mechanism travel is usually increased to 90mm-130mm. At this time, the magnetic rod 3 needs to cover a larger axial distance. To ensure effective coupling of magnetic flux even in the long-distance opening state, the effective length of the magnetic guide rod 3 should be in the range of 180mm-260mm. This length can balance magnetic flux conduction efficiency and mechanism compactness, making the closing force change more smoothly with the stroke and avoiding "attraction collapse" in the initial closing stage. For 220kV circuit breakers, the long stroke characteristic of the mechanism is particularly prominent, with its mechanism stroke in the range of 140mm-200mm. At this voltage level, the magnetic guide rod 3 has become a key component for realizing the feasibility of residual magnetism or magnetic control operation mechanism. The effective length of the magnetic guide rod 3 should be set at 260mm-380mm. This length range can build a stable and continuous magnetic circuit under ultra-long stroke conditions, so that the moving alloy magnetic core 2 still has controllable magnetization conditions at a long distance, thereby ensuring closing force reserve and operation reliability. With the above configuration, the magnetic rod 3 enables the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism to obtain sufficient and controllable closing force in 72.5kV, 110kV and 220kV long-stroke circuit breakers, providing a structural basis and engineering feasibility for adopting a long-stroke, low-energy-consumption and controllable residual magnetism operating scheme for high-voltage circuit breakers.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the contact surfaces of the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2, the upper surface of the raised platform 22, and the lower surface of the magnetic rod 3 are all coated with a protective layer. The protective layer is a magnetically permeable high-hardness material. The materials of the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 are multi-metal alloys containing molybdenum, cobalt, titanium, and zirconium. Among them, (1) adding Mo (molybdenum) to the static alloy core 1 significantly improves its magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetic domain stability; increases the remanence value, making the magnetic flux retention ability stronger after magnetization; suppresses the thermal disturbance of the magnetic domain walls and improves long-term stability; the introduction of Mo changes the material from "soft magnetic tendency" to "semi-hard magnetic stable state"; the Mo content of the moving alloy core 2 is appropriately reduced to avoid unnecessary density increase and reduce its mass; (2) adding Co (cobalt) to the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 significantly improves their saturation magnetic induction intensity. (2) Increase the coercivity of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, so that the magnetic properties decay more slowly under impact and electrodynamic action; (3) Add Ti (titanium) to the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 to form fine TiC (titanium carbide) / TiN (titanium nitride) type strengthening phase; significantly improve hardness, wear resistance and impact resistance; help to improve coercivity; (4) Add Zr (zirconium) to the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 to purify grain boundaries and adsorb impurities; improve the consistency of the as-cast and heat-treated structures; improve fatigue and long-term service stability. Through the above settings, it is possible to achieve material lightweighting under the premise of magnetic properties and structural strength, thereby improving the dynamic response capability of the long-stroke remanent magnetization operating mechanism and reducing the risk of sudden jump.

[0025] The working principle of the above-mentioned long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is as follows: From the open to the closed state, the controller 7 instantaneously energizes the open / close coil 6 at the power supply end, so that it receives a clockwise current, and an attraction is generated between the stationary alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2, causing the moving alloy core 2 to move upward, thus closing the circuit; From the closed to the open state, the controller 7 instantaneously energizes the open / close coil 6 at the power supply end again, so that it receives a counterclockwise current, and the stationary alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 are demagnetized, and the opening spring 5 causes the moving alloy core 2 to move downward, thus opening the circuit. If the moving alloy core 2 is far from the opening / closing coil 6 when the circuit breaker is opened to closed, it is difficult to be directly magnetized. However, through the magnetic rod 3, the magnetic flux can be effectively coupled to the moving alloy core side, so that the moving alloy core 2 is indirectly magnetized. An effective attraction is formed between the stationary alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2. The upward movement overcomes the downward force of the opening spring. As the distance between the two alloy cores gradually gets closer, the attraction gradually increases. At the end of the closing phase, the moving alloy core 2 will be pulled into the acceleration phase, and finally the closing is completed.

[0026] Furthermore, if the residual magnetism operating mechanism remains in the closed state for an extended period, its magnetic circuit magnetism will gradually decay, leading to magnetic field instability that gradually evolves into mechanical instability. This typically involves the following stages: a decrease in residual magnetism or magnetic flux redistribution, which may be caused by strong external electromagnetic interference, temperature changes, long-term demagnetization, or mechanical vibration; a decrease in magnetic holding force, with the attraction between the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2 gradually approaching the force of the opening spring; a slight loosening trend in the moving alloy core 2, which is difficult for conventional displacement sensors to detect in time; and a malfunction (i.e., "sneak trip") after exceeding the critical equilibrium point. Therefore, the root cause of the sudden tripping lies in the uncontrollable or imperceptible residual magnetism state, rather than the mechanical structure itself. Since the magnetic induction coil 4 in the aforementioned long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is concentrically positioned outside the magnetic rod 3, its sensing object is not the coil current, but rather the change in magnetic field strength (magnetic flux change) within the magnetic circuit itself. Therefore, once the residual magnetism decays or is disturbed, the magnetic flux in the magnetic rod 3 immediately changes. The comparator in the controller 7 compares this change with a set threshold. Once the magnetic flux change exceeds the set threshold, the power supply immediately energizes the opening and closing coil 6 instantaneously, providing a clockwise current to compensate for the magnetism and restore the residual magnetic attraction between the static alloy core 1 and the moving alloy core 2. This actively blocks the sudden tripping at the magnetic circuit level, giving the aforementioned long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism an early warning capability before mechanical instability. Thus, the controller 7 in the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is essentially equivalent to a switch for the opening and closing coil 6, and it also possesses comparison and adjustment capabilities, further enhancing its functionality.

[0027] In another exemplary embodiment, a manufacturing method for the above-described long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is provided, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the manufacturing method of this long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism is as follows.

[0028] Step S1: Produce round steel bars according to the formula ratio of various metals.

[0029] In this embodiment, the formulation ratio of the round steel is: Co 3.0%–5.0%, Cr (chromium) 1.0%–2.0%, Mo 2.5%–4.5%, Ti 1.4%–1.8%, Nb (niobium) 0.8%–1.5%, Si (silicon) ≤0.35%, Mn (manganese) ≤0.35%, C (carbon) ≤0.02%, Zr ≤0.05%, and the balance is Fe.

[0030] Step S2: Roughly machine the round steel according to the structural drawing of the alloy magnetic core to obtain the initial state of the alloy magnetic core.

[0031] In this embodiment, the alloy magnetic core includes a static alloy magnetic core and a dynamic alloy magnetic core.

[0032] Step S3: Quench the initial state of the alloy core and temper it after natural cooling to obtain the heat-treated alloy core.

[0033] In this embodiment, a heat treatment process combining quenching and tempering is used, which has significant advantages over traditional Fe-based materials that are not heat-treated or only undergo simple aging treatment. By refining the alloy grains and dissolving and redistributing alloying elements such as Co, Mo, and Ti during the high-temperature quenching stage, the magnetic phase and strengthening phase are homogenized, effectively improving the material's microstructure density and structural consistency. During the subsequent tempering process, internal stress is fully released, and fine, dispersed strengthening phases precipitate stably. This not only significantly improves the hardness and impact resistance of the alloy core but also enhances coercivity and remanence retention stability through effective pinning of magnetic domain walls. This heat treatment process ensures high remanence and high magnetic flux conduction while avoiding magnetic performance attenuation caused by stress concentration and microstructure coarsening. This allows the moving and stationary alloy cores to maintain stable magnetic characteristics under long-term operation, frequent switching on and off, and strong electromagnetic interference conditions, providing a reliable material basis for preventing remanence attenuation and sudden tripping faults.

[0034] Step S4: Grind the surface of the heat-treated alloy core to obtain a finely machined alloy core.

[0035] Step S5: Apply a coating to the contact surface of the precision-machined alloy magnetic core to obtain the coated alloy magnetic core.

[0036] In this embodiment, the contact surfaces of the moving and stationary alloy magnetic cores are treated with an anti-rust coating, which offers significant technical advantages compared to Fe-based materials without coating or with only conventional anti-corrosion coating. The contact surfaces form a controllable thickness, continuous, and dense magnetically conductive protective coating, effectively isolating the base alloy from moisture, oxygen, and corrosive media, preventing rust, scale, or pitting defects during long-term operation. This avoids the increase in magnetic reluctance and flux attenuation caused by roughening of the contact surface or increased gaps. Simultaneously, the coating material possesses good magnetic permeability and high hardness, improving the wear resistance and impact resistance of the contact surfaces without significantly weakening the magnetic circuit performance. This allows the moving and stationary alloy magnetic cores to maintain a stable and repeatable contact state even under frequent opening and closing and micro-motion conditions. This ensures consistent residual magnetism establishment and maintenance conditions over a long period, significantly reducing residual magnetism attenuation and the risk of sudden tripping caused by environmental corrosion or contact surface deterioration, and improving the reliability and safety of the operating mechanism under complex operating conditions and long-life operation.

[0037] Step S6: Make the magnetic rod, magnetic induction coil, insulating pull rod, opening spring, opening and closing coil and fixing block respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, the material of the magnetic rod can also be the round steel produced in step S1. After the magnetic rod is rough machined, it is also necessary to carry out the heat treatment process of quenching and tempering in step S3. Finally, the bottom surface of the magnetic rod is coated.

[0039] Step S7: Assemble the coated alloy magnetic core, the magnetic rod, the magnetic induction coil, the insulating pull rod, the opening spring, the opening and closing coil, the fixing block and the controller to obtain a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism.

[0040] In summary, the magnetic guide rod of this application achieves the functions of long-distance magnetic flux bridging and magnetic circuit shaping. It refocuses, closes, and effectively delivers the magnetic flux, which was previously "disconnected, dispersed, and severely leaking" due to the increased air gap and distance when switching from the open to the closed state, to the moving and stationary alloy magnetic cores. This transforms the "magnetic potential generated by the coil at close range" into an "attraction force still usable at a distance." Its specific functions and advantages are as follows.

[0041] (1) Solving the problem of "magnetic circuit breakage" in long-stroke mechanisms: In long-stroke mechanisms, the starting stage of "opening to closing" is the most difficult. The moving alloy core is located far away from the opening / closing coil / static alloy core. The equivalent air gap in the magnetic circuit is very large, and the magnetic reluctance soars. As a result, the magnetic field of the coil decays rapidly in space and the magnetic flux diverges. The moving alloy core is difficult to be fully magnetized (or can only be very weakly magnetized), and the attraction force cannot be generated. A larger current / larger ampere-turns are required to "pull it", which leads to increased energy consumption, heat generation, and device stress. The key contribution of the magnetic rod is that it is a "magnetic flux channel" made of high permeability material. When the moving alloy core is far away, it can still form a continuous low magnetic reluctance path with the static alloy core / coil side. It is equivalent to replacing the "very long air magnetic circuit" with a "magnetic circuit that mainly runs through ferromagnetic materials". Therefore, even at a long distance of the opening position, the system can still have a "closed magnetic circuit skeleton" to ensure that the magnetic flux can be guided to the vicinity of the moving core when energized later, instead of leaking a large amount into the air.

[0042] (2) Reduce starting current and energy consumption, and improve closing success rate and consistency: Since the magnetic rod significantly reduces the equivalent magnetic resistance and leakage flux in the long-distance state, a smaller number of ampere-turns can generate sufficient starting attraction, that is, the closing starting current is reduced; the peak current pressure of capacitor discharge / power device is smaller, resulting in more flexible device selection and a longer lifespan; under the disturbances of temperature, manufacturing tolerance, assembly eccentricity, etc., the magnetic circuit is still more controllable and the action consistency is better; long stroke is most afraid of starting failure, and the magnetic rod is a structural reinforcement that addresses this pain point.

[0043] (3) Provide more reliable magnetic circuit conditions for "residual magnetism retention" and improve the holding force and anti-disturbance capability of the operating mechanism: The holding force of the residual magnetism operating mechanism depends on the quality of magnetic circuit closure. The magnetic rod brings two enhancements: the closed magnetic circuit is more complete, reducing local high magnetic resistance sections and leakage magnetics, so that the same residual magnetism level can obtain a higher and more stable holding force; and the resistance to gap disturbance is stronger. Assembly errors, thermal deformation and vibration of long stroke mechanisms will equivalently change the air gap. The magnetic rod can reduce the sensitivity of such changes to the magnetic circuit.

[0044] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0045] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism, characterized in that, The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism includes at least: a static alloy magnetic core, a moving alloy magnetic core, a magnetic rod, a magnetic induction coil, an insulating pull rod, a tripping spring, a tripping and closing coil, a fixing block, and a controller; the materials of the static alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are multi-metal alloys containing molybdenum, cobalt, titanium, and zirconium. The static alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are respectively provided; the contact surfaces of the static alloy magnetic core and the moving alloy magnetic core are coated with a protective layer; The bottom center of the static alloy magnetic core has a first groove; the top center of the static alloy magnetic core has a first through hole; the first through hole and the first groove are interconnected. The top center of the moving alloy magnetic core has a second groove; the second groove is corresponding to the first groove; a raised platform is provided in the second groove; a second through hole is provided on the raised platform; the second through hole penetrates the raised platform and the bottom of the moving alloy magnetic core; The first groove, the second groove, the raised platform, the first through hole, and the second through hole are located on the same central axis; the magnetic rod passes through the magnetic induction coil, the first through hole, and the first groove in sequence and corresponds to the raised platform; the length of the magnetic rod is set according to the voltage level and the mechanism stroke, and the length of the magnetic rod is greater than the height of the raised platform; a third through hole is provided on the magnetic rod; the third through hole and the second through hole are interconnected; one end of the insulating pull rod is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker; the other end of the insulating pull rod passes through the third through hole and the second through hole in sequence and is connected to the fixing block; The two ends of the opening spring are respectively sleeved on the magnetic rod and the raised platform; the gap between the first groove and the magnetic rod and the gap between the second groove and the raised platform are used to place the opening and closing coil; one side of the opening and closing coil is fixed in the first groove; the opening and closing coil and the magnetic induction coil are respectively connected to the controller; the controller is used to change the current direction in the opening and closing coil to control the opening and closing of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism, and uses the magnetic induction coil to monitor the change of magnetic flux of the magnetic rod during the opening and closing process.

2. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The materials of the static alloy core and the dynamic alloy core comprise the following components by mass percentage: Co 3.0%–5.0%, Cr 1.0%–2.0%, Mo 2.5%–4.5%, Ti 1.4%–1.8%, Nb 0.8%–1.5%, Si≤0.35%, Mn≤0.35%, C≤0.02%, Zr≤0.05%, with the balance being Fe.

3. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the raised platform and the lower surface of the magnetic rod are also coated with a protective layer; the protective layer is a magnetically conductive high-hardness material.

4. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The static alloy core and the moving alloy core are cylindrical in shape, and the diameter and height of the static alloy core are the same as those of the moving alloy core.

5. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first groove and the second groove are cylindrical grooves; the diameter and depth of the first groove are the same as the diameter and depth of the second groove; the inner wall of the first groove and the outer wall of the magnetic rod form a first annular groove.

6. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The raised platform is cylindrical in shape; the raised platform, the first through hole, and the magnetic rod have the same diameter; the height of the raised platform is the same as the depth of the second groove; the outer wall of the raised platform and the inner wall of the second groove form a second annular groove; the second annular groove corresponds to the first annular groove.

7. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The opening and closing coils are wound on an annular fastener; the opening and closing coils are sleeved in the first annular groove and the second annular groove through the annular fastener, and the upper surface of the annular fastener is fixed to the bottom surface of the first annular groove.

8. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting ring is provided at the top of the magnetic rod; the inner ring of the limiting ring corresponds to the third through hole; the outer ring diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the diameter of the first through hole; the inner ring diameter of the limiting ring is equal to the diameter of the third through hole; the magnetic induction coil is sleeved between the limiting ring and the static alloy magnetic core through the magnetic rod.

9. The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism also includes a support and a buffer pad; The static alloy magnetic core is fixed to the upper support plate of the bracket; the buffer pad is fixed to one side of the fixing block by the insulating rod; the fixing block is connected to the insulating rod by threads.

10. A method for manufacturing a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The manufacturing method of the long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism includes: Round steel is produced according to the formula ratio of various metals; The round steel is rough-machined according to the structural drawings of the alloy magnetic core to obtain the alloy magnetic core in its initial state; the alloy magnetic core includes a static alloy magnetic core and a dynamic alloy magnetic core; The initial state of the alloy magnetic core is quenched and then tempered after natural cooling to obtain a heat-treated alloy magnetic core. The surface of the heat-treated alloy magnetic core is ground to obtain a finely machined alloy magnetic core; The contact surfaces of the precision-machined alloy magnetic core are coated to obtain the coated alloy magnetic core. Obtain the magnetic rod, magnetic induction coil, insulating pull rod, opening spring, opening and closing coil, and fixing block respectively; The coated alloy magnetic core, the magnetic guide rod, the magnetic induction coil, the insulating pull rod, the opening spring, the opening and closing coil, the fixing block, and the controller are assembled to obtain a long-stroke residual magnetism operating mechanism.

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