Compact high breaking circuit breaker based on double-breakpoint structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circuit breakers, and discloses a compact high breaking circuit breaker based on a double-breakpoint structure. The connector comprises a shell and wiring terminals at the upper and lower ends of the shell. A rotatable first conductive wheel, an upper conductive wheel and a lower conductive wheel are arranged in the shell, double breakpoints are achieved through transmission in the same direction, and the contacts are driven to move reversely so as to increase the breaking distance. The electromagnetic protection assembly is connected with the second conductive wheel above and the corresponding wiring terminal, the operating handle is arranged on the first conductive wheel and is clamped with the electromagnetic protection assembly, and the tension spring provides opening restoring force. According to the invention, through the reverse arc discharge design of the double conductive wheels, the equivalent electrical opening distance is multiplied in a limited space, and the integrated arc extinguish chamber is combined for rapid arc extinguish, so that the breaking reliability is improved; a torsional spring structure is adopted to compensate contact abrasion, and the contact pressure is kept stable; the electromagnetic protection assembly realizes overload tripping; and the dustproof plate is linked with the operating handle to effectively prevent dust. The circuit breaker is compact in structure, high in breaking capacity, long in service life and high in reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker technology, and in particular to a compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their design characteristics, double-break circuit breakers require two pairs of conductive contacts—one moving contact and two stationary contacts—in the same circuit, and also require two independent arc-extinguishing chambers to achieve the breaking and arc-extinguishing functions. While this structural design aims to improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker, it directly leads to a significant increase in the complexity of its internal structure, resulting in a substantial reduction in internal installation space.

[0003] The limited internal space further restricts the travel of the moving contact, preventing a sufficient opening distance from being quickly formed to effectively break the arc when the moving and stationary contacts separate. Prolonged arc duration exacerbates electro-erosion and ablation of the contact surface, leading not only to increased contact resistance and decreased conductivity, but also directly shortening the mechanical and electrical life of the circuit breaker. In severe cases, it can even reduce the reliability of the breaking operation and increase safety hazards during circuit operation.

[0004] Currently, the structural design of existing double-break circuit breakers has not yet formed an effective solution to the cascading problem of "structural complexity - space compression - limited contact travel - increased arc erosion", making it difficult for them to meet the stringent reliability requirements of high-end power systems in terms of long-term stable operation and service life. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize and improve the internal structure of this type of circuit breaker. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a housing and wiring terminals disposed at the upper and lower ends of the housing; a first conductive wheel and two second conductive wheels respectively located above and below it and driven in the same direction to achieve double break points are rotatably disposed inside the housing; the first conductive wheel and the two second conductive wheels drive the contacts on them to move in opposite directions to increase the break distance. An electromagnetic protection component is also provided inside the housing. The upper second conductive wheel is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal through the electromagnetic protection component, and the lower second conductive wheel is electrically connected to another terminal. The first conductive wheel is equipped with an operating handle whose actuation end extends to the outside of the housing and engages with the electromagnetic protection component. The part of the operating handle inside the housing is connected to the housing by a tension spring that provides a tripping return force.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the first conductive wheel includes a first insulating wheel, a first contact disposed on the first insulating wheel, and a first arc-extinguishing chamber integrated on the first insulating wheel; The second conductive wheel includes a second insulating wheel, a second contact disposed on the second insulating wheel, and a second arc-extinguishing chamber integrated on the second insulating wheel.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the first contact is elongated, with both ends extending outward from the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel; The second contact is L-shaped, with one end extending outward from the circumferential surface of the second insulating wheel and the other end extending axially from the end face of the second insulating wheel to form the shaft of the second insulating wheel.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above scheme, two obliquely symmetrically arranged first arc-extinguishing chambers are provided on the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel; and a second arc-extinguishing chamber is provided on the circumferential surface of each of the two second insulating wheels.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above scheme, the two first arc-extinguishing chambers are located at the upper left and lower right corners of the first insulating wheel, respectively; The second arc-extinguishing chamber on the upper second insulating wheel is located at its lower right corner, while the second arc-extinguishing chamber on the lower second insulating wheel is located at its upper left corner.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above solution, a conductive slip ring is provided at the axial extension end of the second contact, and a rotational electrical connection is achieved between the conductive slip ring and the corresponding terminal block or electromagnetic protection component.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, the electromagnetic protection component includes a limiting sleeve fixed inside the housing, a coil is provided inside the limiting sleeve, one end of the coil is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal, and the other end is electrically connected to the corresponding second conductive wheel; a movable iron core is provided inside the coil that can slide along the limiting sleeve, a return spring is provided at one end of the movable iron core, and a slot is opened at the other end; The operating handle is equipped with a locking bar with a locking block. When the circuit is closed, the locking block is engaged in the locking slot of the moving iron core. When the line is overloaded, the magnetic field generated by the coil drives the moving iron core to move against the elastic force of the reset spring, causing the locking slot to disengage from the locking block, thereby achieving tripping and disconnection.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above scheme, a torsion wheel is coaxially mounted on the end of the second insulating wheel away from its conductive slip ring, and the torsion wheel is connected to the first insulating wheel in a driving connection; a reserved opening is provided on the torsion wheel, and a movable block fixedly connected to the second insulating wheel is provided in the reserved opening; a torsion spring connected to the movable block is also provided on the torsion wheel. When the circuit is closed, the rotation of the first insulating wheel is transmitted to the second insulating wheel through the torsion wheel and the torsion spring until the second contact contacts the first contact. The torsion spring provides continuous contact pressure to compensate for contact wear.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, a height-adjustable and sliding dustproof plate is provided inside the outer shell, and the operating handle passes through the dustproof plate and forms a horizontal sliding structure with it.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, a through-hole is provided on the dustproof plate, and a crossbar is fixed inside the through-hole; an elongated hole is provided on the operating handle; the crossbar passes through the elongated hole, so that when the operating handle is moved up and down, the dustproof plate can be raised and lowered synchronously through the crossbar.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention achieves an integrated layout of the double-break structure within a limited housing by using a co-directional transmission design between the first conductive wheel and the two upper and lower second conductive wheels. This effectively overcomes the problem of internal space congestion caused by the complex structure of traditional double-break circuit breakers, making the structure more compact while ensuring high breaking performance. The "bidirectional arc pulling" mechanism, which uses the operating handle to drive the conductive wheel to rotate in the opposite direction, causes the moving and stationary contacts to move in opposite directions during the break, multiplying the equivalent electrical gap and thus rapidly lengthening the arc. Combined with the first and second arc extinguishing chambers integrated at a specific angle of the conductive wheel, the arc can be quickly guided into the arc extinguishing grid for segmentation and cooling, achieving efficient arc extinguishing in a compact space and significantly improving the breaking speed and reliability. Through the torsion wheel and torsion spring structure, a continuous adaptive contact pressure is provided to the second contact during closing, which effectively compensates for contact wear, maintains stable contact resistance, reduces performance degradation caused by arc erosion, and thus extends the mechanical and electrical life of the circuit breaker. The electromagnetic protection component adopts a tripping mechanism in which the moving iron core is engaged with the operating handle, which is simpler and more reliable than the traditional tripping mechanism. The dustproof plate is raised and lowered in conjunction with the operating handle, effectively isolating external pollutants from entering the internal mechanism, reducing the impact of dust and impurities on the contacts and transmission components, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the circuit breaker, and reducing maintenance requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall view of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-breakpoint structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first disassembled view of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-breakpoint structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second disassembled view of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-breakpoint structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a left-view, disassembled view of the compact high-breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a dual-breakpoint structure according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a right-view disassembled view of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a dual-breakpoint structure according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a side plan sectional view of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-breakpoint structure according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a split view of the first conductive wheel, the second conductive wheel, the electromagnetic protection component, and the operating handle in this invention; Figure 8 This is a breakdown diagram of the first and second conductive wheels; Figure 9 This is a disassembled view and a side view of the second conductive wheel and the torsion wheel; Figure 10 This is a multi-angle cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic protection component.

[0018] Explanation of key symbols: 1. Outer shell; 2. Inner shell; 3. First conductive wheel; 301. First insulating wheel; 302. First contact; 303. First arc-extinguishing chamber; 4. Second conductive wheel; 401. Second insulating wheel; 402. Second contact; 403. Second arc-extinguishing chamber; 404. Conductive slip ring; 405. Torsion wheel; 406. Reserved opening; 407. Movable block; 408. Torsion spring; 5. Electromagnetic protection assembly; 501. Coil; 502. Moving iron core; 503. Return spring; 504. Slot; 6. Terminal block; 7. Operating handle; 8. Tension spring; 9. Locking bar; 901. Locking block; 10. Dustproof plate; 11. Limiting sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Please combine Figures 1 to 10 A compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure includes: a housing 1, terminals 6 disposed at the upper and lower ends of the housing 1, a first conductive wheel 3 disposed in an inner casing 2 inside the housing 1, two second conductive wheels 4, an electromagnetic protection assembly 5, an operating handle 7, and a tension spring 8.

[0021] The housing 1 is made of insulating material (such as engineering plastic) and has a rectangular or square structure with an internal cavity for fixing and protecting internal components. Terminals 6, made of copper, are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the housing 1 for connecting external circuits. An opening is provided on the side of the housing 1 to facilitate the extension of the operating handle 7.

[0022] The first conductive wheel 3 is rotatably mounted in the center of the inner shell 2 via bearings, while the inner shell 2 is fixedly mounted in the outer shell 1. The first conductive wheel 3 includes a first insulating wheel 301, a first contact 302, and a first arc-extinguishing chamber 303. The first insulating wheel 301 is made of a high-strength insulating material (such as thermoplastic), and a long strip-shaped first contact 302 is fixed on its circumferential surface. The first contact 302 is made of a conductive material (such as silver alloy), and its two ends extend outward from the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel 301 to form a moving contact portion. There are two first arc-extinguishing chambers 303, integrated on the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel 301, and arranged obliquely symmetrically, specifically located at the upper left corner and lower right corner of the first insulating wheel 301. The first arc-extinguishing chamber 303 is provided with arc-extinguishing grids inside for dividing and cooling the electric arc.

[0023] Two second conductive wheels 4 are rotatably mounted above and below the first conductive wheel 3 via bearings, and are driven in the same direction as the first conductive wheel 3 via gears or a transmission belt, thus forming a double-break structure. Each second conductive wheel 4 includes a second insulating wheel 401, a second contact 402, and a second arc-extinguishing chamber 403. The second insulating wheel 401 is made of insulating material, and an L-shaped second contact 402 is fixed on its circumferential surface. The second contact 402 is made of conductive material, with one end extending outward from the circumferential surface of the second insulating wheel 401 to contact the first contact 302, and the other end extending axially from the end face of the second insulating wheel 401 to form the shaft of the second insulating wheel 401. A conductive slip ring 404 is provided at the axially extending end of the second contact 402. The conductive slip ring 404 is made of an elastic conductive material (such as phosphor bronze) to ensure electrical connection during rotation. Through the conductive slip ring 404, the upper second conductive wheel 4 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic protection component 5, and the lower second conductive wheel 4 is directly electrically connected to the corresponding terminal 6. There is one second arc-extinguishing chamber 403, integrated on the circumferential surface of the second insulating wheel 401. Specifically, the second arc-extinguishing chamber 403 on the upper second insulating wheel 401 is located at its lower right corner, while the second arc-extinguishing chamber 403 on the lower second insulating wheel 401 is located at its upper left corner. The second arc-extinguishing chamber 403 is also provided with arc-extinguishing grid plates, which cooperate with the first arc-extinguishing chamber 303 to achieve bidirectional arc extinguishing.

[0024] The electromagnetic protection component 5 is fixed inside the housing 1 to one side of the upper second conductive wheel 4. The electromagnetic protection component 5 includes a limiting sleeve 11, a coil 501, a moving iron core 502, a return spring 503, and a slot 504. The limiting sleeve 11 is made of insulating material, has an internal sliding channel, and is fixedly connected to the inner housing 2. The coil 501 is wound inside the limiting sleeve 11, with one end electrically connected to the upper terminal 6 and the other end electrically connected to the conductive slip ring 404 of the upper second conductive wheel 4 via a wire. The moving iron core 502 is made of a magnetically conductive material (such as soft iron) and can move along the sliding channel of the limiting sleeve 11. One end of the moving iron core 502 is provided with a return spring 503, and the other end has a slot 504. The return spring 503 provides a restoring force, allowing the moving iron core 502 to maintain its initial position under normal conditions.

[0025] The operating handle 7 is fixed to the first conductive wheel 3, and its actuating end extends outside the outer casing 1 for easy manual operation. A tension spring 8 connects the portion of the operating handle 7 inside the outer casing 1 to the outer casing 1. The tension spring 8 provides the tripping return force, ensuring the circuit breaker resets quickly upon tripping. The operating handle 7 also has a locking bar 9 with a locking block 901, which is made of a wear-resistant material (such as steel). In the closed state, the locking block 901 engages with the locking slot 504 of the moving iron core 502, keeping the circuit breaker closed. When the line is overloaded, the magnetic field generated by the coil 501 drives the moving iron core 502 to move against the elastic force of the return spring 503, causing the locking slot 504 to disengage from the locking block 901, thereby achieving tripping and disconnection.

[0026] To provide stable contact pressure and compensate for contact wear, a torsion wheel 405 is coaxially mounted on one end of each second insulating wheel 401 away from its conductive slip ring 404. The torsion wheel 405 is made of insulating material and is connected to the first insulating wheel 301 via a gear or cam structure. A pre-drilled opening 406 is provided on the torsion wheel 405, within which a movable block 407 is fixedly connected to the second insulating wheel 401. A torsion spring 408 is also provided on the torsion wheel 405, with one end fixed to the torsion wheel 405 and the other end connected to the movable block 407. During closing, the rotation of the first insulating wheel 301 is transmitted to the second insulating wheel 401 through the torsion wheel 405. The torsion spring 408 provides continuous contact pressure after contact to adaptively compensate for contact wear and maintain stable contact resistance.

[0027] In addition, a height-adjustable and sliding dustproof plate 10 is provided inside the outer casing 1. The dustproof plate 10 is made of insulating material and is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 1 via a sliding groove or guide rail, allowing it to slide up and down. The operating handle 7 passes through the dustproof plate 10 and forms a lateral sliding structure with it: the dustproof plate 10 has a through-hole, and a crossbar is fixed inside the through-hole; the operating handle 7 has an elongated hole; the crossbar passes through the elongated hole. When the operating handle 7 is moved up and down, the sliding of the crossbar in the elongated hole causes the dustproof plate 10 to rise and fall synchronously, thereby raising the dustproof plate 10 to seal the internal mechanism when the circuit breaker is opened, effectively isolating external contaminants.

[0028] The implementation principle of the compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure proposed in this application is as follows: During the closing process, the first conductive wheel 3 is directly driven to rotate by the operating handle 7, and the two second conductive wheels 4 are driven to rotate in the same direction through gear transmission. This makes the first contact 302 on the first conductive wheel 3 and the second contact 402 on the two second conductive wheels 4 approach each other, forming a double-break conductive circuit. During this process, the operating handle 7 drives the locking bar 9 to move, and after the circuit is closed, the locking block 901 on the locking bar 9 is locked into the locking groove 504 at the end of the moving iron core 502. Meanwhile, the second insulating wheel 401 on the second conductive wheel 4 provides continuous adaptive contact pressure to the second contact 402 with the help of the torsion spring 408 in the torsion wheel 405, effectively compensating for wear and ensuring long-term stability of contact resistance.

[0029] When disconnection is required, whether by manual tripping or due to a short circuit or overload fault (in the event of a fault, the coil 501 of the electromagnetic protection component 5 generates a strong magnetic field, instantly attracting the moving iron core 502 to move and release the locking of the operating handle 7), the operating handle 7 moves rapidly under the restoring force of the tension spring 8, and drives the first conductive wheel 3 and the two second conductive wheels 4 to rotate in opposite directions at high speed. This unique "bidirectional arc pulling" design allows the moving and stationary contacts to achieve a multiple increase in the equivalent electrical opening distance within a limited physical stroke, thereby rapidly lengthening and cooling the arc; Subsequently, the elongated arc is immediately guided to the first arc-extinguishing chamber 303 and the second arc-extinguishing chamber 403 integrated at specific angles of each conductive wheel, where it is divided and cooled by metal grids and quickly extinguished, ultimately achieving efficient and reliable circuit disconnection and system protection within an extremely compact space.

[0030] Meanwhile, the dustproof plate 10, which is linked to the operating handle 7 for lifting and lowering, effectively prevents external pollutants from entering and ensures the long-term operational reliability of the internal mechanism.

[0031] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure, comprising a housing (1) and terminals (6) disposed at the upper and lower ends of the housing, characterized in that: The outer casing (1) is rotatably provided with a first conductive wheel (3) and two second conductive wheels (4) located above and below it respectively and driven in the same direction to achieve double break points. The first conductive wheel (3) and the two second conductive wheels (4) drive the contacts on them to move in opposite directions to increase the break distance. The outer casing (1) is also provided with an electromagnetic protection component (5). The upper second conductive wheel (4) is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal (6) through the electromagnetic protection component (5), and the lower second conductive wheel (4) is electrically connected to another terminal (6). The first conductive wheel (3) is provided with an operating handle (7) whose actuation end extends to the outside of the housing (1) and is engaged with the electromagnetic protection component (5). The part of the operating handle (7) inside the housing (1) is connected to the housing (1) by a tension spring (8) that provides the tripping return force.

2. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive wheel (3) includes a first insulating wheel (301), a first contact (302) disposed on the first insulating wheel (301), and a first arc-extinguishing chamber (303) integrated on the first insulating wheel (301). The second conductive wheel (4) includes a second insulating wheel (401), a second contact (402) disposed on the second insulating wheel (401), and a second arc-extinguishing chamber (403) integrated on the second insulating wheel (401).

3. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first contact (302) is elongated, with both ends extending outward from the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel (301); The second contact (402) is L-shaped, with one end extending outward from the circumferential surface of the second insulating wheel (401), and the other end extending axially from the end face of the second insulating wheel (401) and forming the shaft of the second insulating wheel (401).

4. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Two obliquely symmetrically arranged first arc-extinguishing chambers (303) are provided on the circumferential surface of the first insulating wheel (301); a second arc-extinguishing chamber (403) is provided on the circumferential surface of each of the two second insulating wheels (401).

5. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two first arc-extinguishing chambers (303) are located at the upper left and lower right corners of the first insulating wheel (301), respectively; The second arc-extinguishing chamber (403) on the upper second insulating wheel (401) is located at its lower right corner, while the second arc-extinguishing chamber (403) on the lower second insulating wheel (401) is located at its upper left corner.

6. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The axial extension end of the second contact (402) is provided with a conductive slip ring (404), and a rotational electrical connection is achieved between the conductive slip ring (404) and the corresponding terminal (6) or electromagnetic protection component (5).

7. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic protection component (5) includes a limiting sleeve (11) fixed inside the outer shell (1). A coil (501) is provided inside the limiting sleeve (11). One end of the coil (501) is electrically connected to the corresponding terminal (6), and the other end is electrically connected to the corresponding second conductive wheel (4). A movable iron core (502) that can slide along the limiting sleeve (11) is provided inside the coil (501). A return spring (503) is provided at one end of the movable iron core (502), and a slot (504) is provided at the other end. The operating handle (7) is provided with a locking bar (9) with a locking block (901). When the circuit is closed, the locking block (901) is locked into the locking slot (504) of the moving iron core (502). When the line is overloaded, the magnetic field generated by the coil (501) drives the moving iron core (502) to move against the elastic force of the reset spring (503), so that the locking slot (504) is disengaged from the locking block (901), thereby realizing the tripping disconnection.

8. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A torsion wheel (405) is coaxially mounted on the end of the second insulating wheel (401) away from its conductive slip ring (404). The torsion wheel (405) is connected to the first insulating wheel (301) in a driving connection. A reserved opening (406) is provided on the torsion wheel (405). A movable block (407) fixedly connected to the second insulating wheel (401) is provided in the reserved opening (406). A torsion spring (408) connected to the movable block (407) is also provided on the torsion wheel (405). When the circuit is closed, the rotation of the first insulating wheel (301) is transmitted to the second insulating wheel (401) through the torsion wheel (405) and the torsion spring (408) until the second contact (402) contacts the first contact (302). The torsion spring (408) provides continuous contact pressure to compensate for contact wear.

9. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing (1) is provided with a liftable and sliding dustproof plate (10), and the operating handle (7) passes through the dustproof plate (10) and forms a horizontal sliding structure with it.

10. The compact high breaking capacity circuit breaker based on a double-break structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The dustproof plate (10) has an opening, and a crossbar is fixed inside the opening; the operating handle (7) has an elongated hole; the crossbar passes through the elongated hole, so that when the operating handle (7) is moved up and down, it can drive the dustproof plate (10) to rise and fall synchronously through the crossbar.

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