Heating structure and heating device
By using a combination of heating wires and insulating thermally conductive materials in the SOFC stack, the gas is directly electrically heated, solving the problem of slow heating rate, achieving rapid heating and cost reduction, and improving the equipment's response capability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the heating rate of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks is slow, resulting in high testing costs and limited equipment responsiveness.
The heating element is placed inside or outside the first heat-conducting element, and the heating element is isolated from the first heat-conducting element by a second heat-conducting element made of insulating heat-conducting material. The gas in the gas channel is heated directly by electric heating, and the heat-conducting holes and turbulence components are combined to improve the heat transfer efficiency.
It enables rapid heating of gas, significantly reduces gas and electricity consumption, lowers testing costs and improves equipment responsiveness, avoids short-circuit risks, and enhances heat transfer efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121662857A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a heating structure and heating device. Background Technology
[0002] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a highly efficient and clean energy technology that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. They use solid oxides as the electrolyte and achieve ion conduction in a medium-to-high temperature environment. The normal operating temperature of an SOFC stack needs to be maintained in the high-temperature range of 600°C to 700°C. Within this temperature window, the electrolyte has sufficient oxygen ion conductivity, and the electrode catalytic activity reaches its optimal state, thereby achieving efficient electrochemical reactions and energy conversion.
[0003] To ensure stable operation of the fuel cell stack, the gas entering the cathode must be preheated to its operating temperature. In existing technologies, fuel gas is typically heated in an electric furnace to the target temperature before being fed into the stack. However, the heating rate in the electric furnace is slow, requiring a heating process of more than half a day during the performance testing startup phase after stack assembly. This process not only consumes a large amount of expensive fuel gas and electricity, leading to high testing costs, but also severely restricts testing efficiency and the rapid response capability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a heating structure and heating device for rapidly heating the gas in a fuel cell.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a heating structure, the heating structure comprising: A first heat-conducting component, wherein a gas channel is provided inside the first heat-conducting component; A heating wire, wherein the heating wire is disposed inside or outside the first heat-conducting element; The second heat-conducting element is disposed between the first heat-conducting element and the heating wire, and the second heat-conducting element is made of an insulating heat-conducting material; The heat generated by the heating wire after it is energized is sequentially transferred to the second heat-conducting component and the first heat-conducting component to heat the gas in the gas channel.
[0006] In one embodiment, the sidewall of the second heat-conducting element is provided with a heat-conducting hole that penetrates the second heat-conducting element.
[0007] In one embodiment, the projected area of the heating wire on the surface of the second heat-conducting element is not less than half of the projected area of the heat-conducting hole on the surface of the second heat-conducting element.
[0008] In one embodiment, the heating structure further includes a buffer element disposed on the outermost periphery of the heating structure, and the buffer element contains a composite phase change material.
[0009] In one embodiment, the second heat-conducting element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element, and the heating wire is wound around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element.
[0010] In one embodiment, the heating structure further includes a first insulating thermally conductive medium disposed between the first thermally conductive element and the second thermally conductive element.
[0011] In one embodiment, the heating structure further includes a flow-disrupting component, the flow-disrupting component comprising: A central tube, wherein the central tube is disposed within the gas channel and is arranged along the extending direction of the gas channel; and The first baffle plate is disposed between the central tube and the first heat-conducting component to interfere with the gas in the gas channel.
[0012] In one embodiment, the first baffle is spirally distributed on the outer wall of the central tube, and the edge of the first baffle is in contact with the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element.
[0013] In one embodiment, the first baffle includes a plurality of first baffles, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the central tube, and the two ends of each first baffle are respectively connected to the inner wall of the central tube and the first heat-conducting element.
[0014] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element is provided with a concave spiral flow channel; Alternatively, the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component may be provided with a spiral boss protruding into the gas channel.
[0015] In one embodiment, the second heat-conducting element is located inside the gas channel and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating wire.
[0016] In one embodiment, the heating structure further includes a third heat-conducting element and a plurality of second baffles. The third heat-conducting element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element, and the plurality of second baffles are arranged along the periphery of the third heat-conducting element. One end of each second baffle is connected to the third heat-conducting element, and the other end of the second baffle abuts against the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element.
[0017] The present invention also proposes a heating device, the heating device comprising: A housing, wherein the housing is configured to form a sealed cavity; The first heat-conducting element in the above-mentioned heating structure is located in the cavity and connected end to end in sequence to form an air intake pipe. The two ends of the air intake pipe protrude from the shell and form an air inlet and an air outlet. In the above-mentioned heating structures, each heating wire is disposed inside or outside the corresponding first heat-conducting element, and both ends of each heating wire are electrically connected to the power supply device. The plurality of second heat-conducting elements in the above-mentioned heating structure are spaced apart along the extension direction of the air inlet pipe, and each second heat-conducting element is located between a first heat-conducting element and the corresponding heating wire.
[0018] The technical solution of this invention directly heats the gas in the gas channel by setting an electric heating wire inside or outside the first heat-conducting element. By using electric heating to replace traditional gas combustion heating or electric furnace heating, the heating process can be shortened, gas and electricity consumption can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing testing costs and improving testing efficiency and equipment response capabilities. The second heat-conducting element, located between the electric heating wire and the first heat-conducting element, is made of insulating thermally conductive material, which can avoid direct contact between the electric heating wire and the first heat-conducting element, thereby eliminating the risk of short circuit and allowing the electric heating wire to be tightly attached to the surface of the second heat-conducting element, improving heat transfer efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the heating structure provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the heating structure from another perspective; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the heated structure; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure in which an insulating thermally conductive medium is provided between the first and second thermally conductive components; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heating structure provided by the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Exploded view of a structure with moderate heating; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heating structure provided by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the turbulence component in the heating structure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the turbulence component in the heating structure; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first heat-conducting component in the heating structure; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first heat-conducting component in the heating structure from another perspective. Figure 12 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the first heat-conducting element in the heating structure; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Another structural schematic diagram of the first heat-conducting component; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heating structure provided by the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the medium-temperature rise structure from another perspective; Figure 16 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heating structure; Figure 17 for Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the medium-temperature rise structure from another perspective; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the heating structure.
[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Heating structure; 1. First heat-conducting component; 11. Gas channel; 12. Spiral flow channel; 13. Spiral boss; 2. Second heat-conducting component; 21. Heat-conducting hole; 3. Heating wire; 4. First insulating heat-conducting medium; 5. Baffle assembly; 51. Central tube; 52. First baffle plate; 6. Buffer component; 7. Third heat-conducting component; 8. Second baffle plate; 9. Second insulating heat-conducting medium.
[0022] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0025] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0026] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a highly efficient and clean energy technology that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy. They use solid oxides as the electrolyte and achieve ion conduction in a medium-to-high temperature environment. The normal operating temperature of an SOFC stack needs to be maintained in the high-temperature range of 600°C to 700°C. Within this temperature window, the electrolyte has sufficient oxygen ion conductivity, and the electrode catalytic activity reaches its optimal state, thereby achieving efficient electrochemical reactions and energy conversion.
[0027] To ensure stable operation of the fuel cell stack, the gas entering the cathode must be preheated to its operating temperature. In existing technologies, fuel gas is typically heated in an electric furnace to the target temperature before being fed into the stack. However, the heating rate in the electric furnace is slow, requiring a heating process of more than half a day during the performance testing startup phase after stack assembly. This process not only consumes a large amount of expensive fuel gas and electricity, leading to high testing costs, but also severely restricts testing efficiency and the rapid response capability of the equipment.
[0028] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a heating structure 100 and a heating device, aiming to achieve rapid heating of the gas in a fuel cell.
[0029] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating structure 100 includes a first heat-conducting element 1, a heating wire 3, and a second heat-conducting element 2. The first heat-conducting element 1 has a gas channel 11 inside; the heating wire 3 is disposed inside or outside the first heat-conducting element 1; the second heat-conducting element 2 is disposed between the first heat-conducting element 1 and the heating wire 3, and the second heat-conducting element 2 is an insulating and thermally conductive material; wherein, the heat generated by the heating wire 3 after being energized is sequentially transferred to the second heat-conducting element 2 and the first heat-conducting element 1 to heat the gas in the gas channel 11.
[0030] By setting an electric heating wire 3 inside or outside the first heat-conducting element 1, the gas in the gas channel 11 is directly heated. Using electric heating to replace traditional gas combustion heating or electric furnace heating can shorten the heating process, significantly reduce gas and electricity consumption, thereby reducing testing costs and improving testing efficiency and equipment response capabilities. The second heat-conducting element 2, located between the electric heating wire 3 and the first heat-conducting element 1, is made of insulating thermally conductive material, which can avoid direct contact between the electric heating wire 3 and the first heat-conducting element 1, thereby eliminating the risk of short circuit and allowing the electric heating wire 3 to fit tightly against the surface of the second heat-conducting element 2, improving heat transfer efficiency.
[0031] Specifically, when the heating wire 3 is located outside the first heat-conducting element 1, the second heat-conducting element 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element 1, and the heating wire 3 is wound around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2. The heat generated by the heating wire 3 after being energized is sequentially transferred to the gas in the gas channel 11 through the second heat-conducting element 2 and the first heat-conducting element 1.
[0032] In this embodiment, the first heat-conducting element 1 serves as the main component in direct contact with the gas, and the gas channel 11 formed inside it allows the gas to flow within the gas channel 11. The size of the gas channel 11 can be set according to the gas flow requirements of the fuel cell system, and is not specifically limited here. The second heat-conducting element 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element 1 to form a covering structure, thereby isolating the electrical connection between the heating wire 3 and the first heat-conducting element 1 and preventing short-circuit faults.
[0033] Both the first heat-conducting component 1 and the second heat-conducting component 2 are hollow tubular structures. The first heat-conducting component 1 can be an alloy tube, such as a 310S stainless steel tube or a nickel-iron alloy tube. The second heat-conducting component 2 can be an insulating and thermally conductive ceramic tube, such as an alumina ceramic tube, a silicon nitride ceramic tube, or an aluminum nitride ceramic tube.
[0034] Understandably, by winding the heating wire 3 around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2 and then fitting the second heat-conducting element 2 around the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element 1 in a layered structure, the heat generated by the heating wire 3 is sequentially transferred to the internal gas channel 11 through the second heat-conducting element 2 and the first heat-conducting element 1. Simultaneously, the insulating properties of the second heat-conducting element 2 prevent the risk of a short circuit caused by direct contact between the heating wire 3 and the first heat-conducting element 1, thus allowing the heating wire 3 to adhere tightly to the surface of the second heat-conducting element 2 and improving heat transfer efficiency. In this way, replacing traditional gas combustion heating or electric furnace heating with electric heating achieves rapid gas heating, shortens start-up time, significantly reduces testing costs and heater size, and enhances overall response efficiency.
[0035] It should be noted that due to the different thermal expansion coefficients between the first heat-conducting component 1 and the second heat-conducting component 2, and due to factors such as processing errors, there will be a gap between the first heat-conducting component 1 and the second heat-conducting component 2. The gas in the gap will prevent the first heat-conducting component 1 and the second heat-conducting component 2 from transferring heat quickly through direct contact. Instead, heat will be transferred indirectly through the gas in the form of thermal radiation. This will affect the heat transfer rate, thereby indirectly affecting the heating rate of the gas in the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0036] To address the aforementioned issues, appropriate settings were implemented for different gap sizes.
[0037] When the gap between the first heat-conducting element 1 and the second heat-conducting element 2 is less than 1 mm, in one embodiment, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The side wall of the second heat-conducting component 2 is provided with a heat-conducting hole 21 that penetrates the second heat-conducting component 2.
[0038] Understandably, the heat-conducting hole 21 penetrates the sidewall of the second heat-conducting element 2 along its radial direction, forming a channel connecting the inner and outer surfaces of the second heat-conducting element 2. This shortens the heat transfer distance from the outer wall of the second heat-conducting element 2 to the outer wall of the first heat-conducting element 1, reduces thermal resistance, and allows the heat generated by the heating wire 3 to be transferred to the first heat-conducting element 1 in a more direct manner.
[0039] Optionally, the heat-conducting holes 21 can be arranged in a spiral array or an axial multi-row array on the sidewall of the second heat-conducting element 2. Meanwhile, the cross-sectional shape of the heat-conducting holes 21 is not specifically limited here.
[0040] For further details, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The projected area of the heating wire 3 on the surface of the second heat-conducting element 2 is not less than half of the projected area of the heat-conducting hole 21 on the surface of the second heat-conducting element 2.
[0041] In this embodiment, the area of the heating wire 3 projected radially onto the surface of the heat-conducting hole 21 along the second heat-conducting element 2 can cover more than half of the cross-sectional area of the heat-conducting hole 21. It can be understood that at this time, most of the heat generated by the heating wire 3 can be directly radiated or conducted into the heat-conducting hole 21, avoiding path loss that would occur if heat were conducted long distances through the body of the second heat-conducting element 2 before being transferred into the hole.
[0042] Optionally, the winding pitch of the heating wire 3 can be designed to be an integer multiple of the axial spacing of the heat-conducting holes 21. For example, when the axial spacing of the heat-conducting holes 21 is 10mm, the pitch of the heating wire 3 can be set to 5mm or 10mm to ensure that each turn of the heating wire 3 can stably correspond to a row of heat-conducting holes 21.
[0043] When the gap between the first heat-conducting element 1 and the second heat-conducting element 2 is greater than 1 mm, in one embodiment, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 4 The heating structure 100 also includes a first insulating heat-conducting medium 4, which is disposed between the first heat-conducting element 1 and the second heat-conducting element 2.
[0044] In this embodiment, the first insulating thermally conductive medium 4 fills the annular gap between the first thermally conductive element 1 and the second thermally conductive element 2 in the form of powder or paste to replace the gas in the gap.
[0045] Understandably, the thermal conductivity of the first insulating thermally conductive medium 4 is much greater than that of the gas. By filling the medium with the highly thermally conductive first insulating thermally conductive medium 4, the limiting factor of gas thermal resistance is fundamentally eliminated. In this way, while maintaining electrical insulation safety, tight thermal coupling between layers is achieved, allowing the heat generated by the heating wire 3 to be transferred in a near-continuous medium manner, significantly improving heat conduction efficiency.
[0046] Optionally, the first insulating thermally conductive medium 4 can be selected from materials that combine high thermal conductivity and high resistivity, such as magnesium oxide powder, aluminum nitride powder, magnesium nitride powder, beryllium oxide powder, or boron nitride powder. The powder diameter of the first insulating thermally conductive medium 4 can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure both good flowability for easy filling and a high packing density.
[0047] To enhance gas flow within gas channel 11 and improve heat exchange between the gas and the pipe wall, in one embodiment, please refer to... Figure 7 The heating structure 100 also includes a turbulence component 5, which includes a central tube 51 and a first turbulence plate 52. The central tube 51 is located in the gas channel 11 and is arranged along the extension direction of the gas channel 11. The first turbulence plate 52 is located between the central tube 51 and the first heat-conducting component 1 and is used to interfere with the gas in the gas channel 11.
[0048] In this embodiment, the turbulence assembly 5 includes a central tube 51 and a first turbulence plate 52. The central tube 51 serves as a supporting frame and is arranged to pass through the gas channel 11 along its axial direction. The first turbulence plate 52 extends from the outer wall of the central tube 51 to the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1, dividing the gas channel 11 into several sub-channels. When the gas flows through, it must bypass the first turbulence plate 52, and the flow direction changes, causing the gases at different temperature layers to mix, thereby enhancing the overall convective heat transfer effect.
[0049] Specifically, the central tube 51 is a solid structure to provide better mechanical support.
[0050] Optionally, the connection between the first baffle 52 and the central tube 51 and the first heat-conducting component 1 can be achieved by welding, brazing or mechanical pressing.
[0051] For the aerodynamic component 5, the present invention proposes two specific structures. In one embodiment, please refer to [link to embodiment 5]. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first baffle plate 52 is spirally distributed on the outer wall of the central tube 51, and the edge of the first baffle plate 52 is in contact with the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element 1.
[0052] Understandably, the spiral-shaped first baffle 52 extends from the outer wall of the central tube 51 with a fixed pitch to the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element 1, forming a continuous spiral gas channel 11. When the gas enters the gas channel 11, it is forced to move along the spiral path. Under the action of centrifugal force, the denser, lower-temperature gas is thrown to the outside, while the higher-temperature gas accumulates on the inside. This radial temperature difference drives the natural convection mixing of the gas.
[0053] Among them, the spiral-shaped first baffle 52 provides a longer flow path and a larger contact area for the same length compared to the straight-shaped first baffle 52, thereby increasing the residence time of the gas in the first heat-conducting element 1 and improving the adequacy of heat exchange.
[0054] It should be noted that the pitch of the first spiral turbulence deflector 52 can be adjusted within a certain multiple of the inner diameter of the first heat-conducting element 1. The smaller the pitch, the stronger the turbulence effect, but the flow resistance will also increase accordingly. It can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
[0055] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 9 The first baffle 52 includes multiple first baffles 52, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the central tube 51. The two ends of each first baffle 52 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the central tube 51 and the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0056] In this embodiment, multiple first baffles 52 are arranged radially and uniformly along the outer periphery of the central tube 51, dividing the gas channel 11 into multiple independent fan-shaped sub-channels. The two sides of each sub-channel are formed by the first baffles 52 to form a flow guide wall.
[0057] Understandably, this setup maintains a good turbulence effect while not directly obstructing the flow of gas along the axial direction of the gas channel 11, thereby reducing the resistance encountered by the gas flow.
[0058] Optionally, the cross-section of the first baffle 52 can be configured as a triangular, U-shaped, or concave shape. In this case, gas can pass through both between adjacent first baffles 52 and inside the first baffle 52.
[0059] Optionally, the first spoiler 52 can be configured as a separate structure from the central tube 51 for easy maintenance and replacement. Alternatively, it can be integrally molded to enhance the structural strength of the connection.
[0060] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1 is provided with a concave spiral flow channel 12.
[0061] Understandably, the spiral channel 12 is in direct contact with the gas in the gas channel 11. When the gas flows through, the groove structure disrupts the laminar boundary layer formed by the originally smooth wall surface. As the gas flows through the groove, it undergoes local separation and reattachment, forming a series of vortices. These vortices entrain and mix the high-temperature gas near the wall with the low-temperature gas in the central region of the gas channel 11, reducing the thickness of the boundary layer and allowing heat from the wall surface to be transferred to the low-temperature gas in the central region more quickly.
[0062] Meanwhile, the spiral channel 12 also has a certain guiding effect, which can guide the gas to generate a weak rotating flow and increase the contact between the gas and the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0063] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 The inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1 is provided with a spiral boss 13 protruding into the gas channel 11.
[0064] Understandably, at this time, the spiral boss 13 protrudes into the gas channel 11, directly intruding into the gas flow area and interfering with the airflow. When the gas flows past the boss, it is forced to flow around and separate, forming periodic vortices behind the boss. These vortices entrain the low-temperature gas in the central area to the vicinity of the wall, while carrying away the hot gas near the wall, thereby enhancing the convective heat transfer effect.
[0065] In one implementation, please refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 The heating structure 100 also includes a buffer 6, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating wire 3 and contains a composite phase change material.
[0066] In this embodiment, the buffer 6 adopts a double-shell structure. The inner shell is close to the outer periphery of the heating wire 3, and the outer shell forms external protection. A sealed interlayer is formed between the two shells, and the composite phase change material is filled in the sealed interlayer. The composite phase change material can be an aluminum-silicon eutectic alloy, such as Al-12.6%Si, with a phase change temperature of 577°C, which is lower than the target gas heating temperature of 600°C.
[0067] Understandably, when the operating temperature of the heating wire 3 exceeds the phase change temperature, the composite phase change material absorbs excess heat and changes from a solid to a liquid state, storing a large amount of heat. When the temperature of the heating wire 3 falls below the phase change temperature, the liquid phase change material solidifies and releases heat to supply heat to the interior. In this way, it can store heat energy when there is excess power and release heat energy when there is insufficient power, thus improving temperature stability.
[0068] For another implementation method, please refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 When the heating wire 3 is located inside the first heat-conducting element 1, the second heat-conducting element 2 is located inside the gas channel 11 and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating wire 3.
[0069] Understandably, the heat generated by the heating wire 3 is transferred in two directions at the same time: a small amount of heat is transferred inward to the central gas through radiation and convection, and another part of the heat is transferred to the second heat conductor 2, and then transferred outward to heat the gas between the second heat conductor 2 and the first heat conductor 1.
[0070] Specifically, the heating structure 100 further includes a third heat-conducting element 7 and a plurality of second baffles 8. The third heat-conducting element 7 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2, and the plurality of second baffles 8 are arranged along the periphery of the third heat-conducting element 7. One end of each second baffle 8 is connected to the third heat-conducting element 7, and the other end of the second baffle 8 abuts against the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element 1. At the same time, the heating wire 3, the first heat-conducting element 1, the second heat-conducting element 2, and the third heat-conducting element 7 are all coaxially arranged.
[0071] Understandably, at this point, after the heating wire 3 generates heat, it is directly transferred to the second heat-conducting element 2. The second heat-conducting element 2 receives the heat and then transfers it simultaneously in two directions through its tube wall: inward, a small amount of heat is transferred to the central gas through radiation and convection; outward, the main heat is transferred to the third heat-conducting element 7 and the connected second baffle 8 through thermal conduction. The second baffle 8, acting as an extended surface, rapidly diffuses heat throughout the entire fan-shaped flow channel area, quickly heating the flowing gas. Furthermore, the second baffle 8 can interfere with gas flow to accelerate heat exchange efficiency.
[0072] Optionally, the third heat-conducting element 7 and the second baffle 8 can be configured as separate structures for easy maintenance and replacement. Optionally, the third heat-conducting element 7 and the second baffle 8 can also be integrally formed to enhance the structural strength at the connection. Optionally, the third heat-conducting element 7, the second baffle 8, and the first heat-conducting element 1 can also be integrally formed. In this case, not only can the structural strength between the three be enhanced, but also during installation, the assembly formed by the three can be directly fitted onto the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2 for easy installation.
[0073] Furthermore, a second insulating thermally conductive medium 9 is filled between the second thermally conductive element 2 and the third thermally conductive element 7. The second insulating thermally conductive medium 9 is used to fill the gap between the second thermally conductive element 2 and the third thermally conductive element 7, ensuring that there is no gas between them, eliminating the thermal resistance caused by the gas, and improving the thermal conductivity. The function and material of the second insulating thermally conductive medium 9 are similar to those of the first insulating thermally conductive medium 4, and will not be described in detail here.
[0074] Optionally, heat conduction holes 21 can be opened on the second heat conduction element 2 to ensure efficient and uniform heat conduction from the central heating wire 3 to the third heat conduction element 7 and the second baffle plate 8 connected thereto.
[0075] Specifically, the second heat-conducting element 2 is an insulated thermally conductive ceramic tube, sleeved around the outer periphery of the heating wire 3. The third heat-conducting element 7 is sleeved around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2, and is a hollow structure made of a high-temperature resistant alloy tube. The first heat-conducting element 1 is disposed around the outer periphery of the third heat-conducting element 7, and is also made of a high-temperature resistant alloy tube. A second insulating thermally conductive medium 9, such as aluminum nitride powder, is filled between the second heat-conducting element 2 and the third heat-conducting element 7. The second baffle 8 is made of a metallic thermally conductive material, such as stainless steel, and has excellent thermal conductivity. The second baffle 8 provides a large heat exchange area, enabling the gas to be heated rapidly, while also enhancing the mechanical strength of the overall structure.
[0076] For further information, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 18 A buffer element 6 can also be provided on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element 1.
[0077] At this point, buffer 6 has the same function as buffer 6 mentioned above, and will not be described again here.
[0078] This solution proposes the following specific implementation methods: Example 1 Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The heating structure 100 includes a first heat-conducting element 1, a second heat-conducting element 2, and a heating wire 3. The first heat-conducting element 1 has a gas channel 11 inside, extending axially along the first heat-conducting element 1 to provide a flow path for the gas to be heated. The second heat-conducting element 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element 1 and is made of insulating and thermally conductive material, thereby forming an electrical isolation barrier between the heating wire 3 and the first heat-conducting element 1. The heating wire 3 is wound around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2 in a tightly arranged spiral manner. The heat generated when the heating wire 3 is energized is transferred sequentially through the second heat-conducting element 2 and the first heat-conducting element 1 to the gas within the gas channel 11, thus heating the gas.
[0079] Example 2 Please see Figure 4 This embodiment is similar in structure to Embodiment 1, except that a first insulating heat-conducting medium 4 is additionally provided between the first heat-conducting element 1 and the second heat-conducting element 2 in this embodiment.
[0080] Example 3 Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 This embodiment is similar in structure to Embodiment 1, except that a heat-conducting hole 21 communicating with the gas channel 11 is provided on the side wall of the first heat-conducting component 1 in this embodiment.
[0081] Example 4 Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, based on embodiment 1, an additional turbulence component 5 is provided. The first turbulence plate 52 is spirally distributed on the outer wall of the central tube 51, and the edge of the first turbulence plate 52 is in contact with the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0082] Furthermore, this embodiment can be further configured with the turbulence component 5 based on embodiments 2 and 3, which will not be elaborated here.
[0083] Example 5 Please see Figure 9 This embodiment is similar in structure to embodiment 4, except that in this embodiment, the first baffle 52 includes multiple first baffles 52, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the central tube 51, and the two ends of each first baffle 52 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the central tube 51 and the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0084] Example 6 Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides an additional concave spiral flow channel 12 on the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0085] Furthermore, this embodiment can be further configured with the spiral flow channel 12 based on embodiments 2, 3, 4 or 5, which will not be elaborated here.
[0086] Example 7 Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13 This embodiment is similar in structure to embodiment 6, except that a spiral boss 13 protruding toward the gas channel 11 is additionally provided on the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element 1.
[0087] Example 8 Please see Figure 14 and Figure 15 In this embodiment, based on embodiment 3, a buffer 6 is provided around the heating wire 3, and a composite phase change material is provided inside the buffer 6.
[0088] Furthermore, this embodiment may further incorporate the buffer 6 based on embodiments 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, or 7, which will not be elaborated upon here.
[0089] Example 9 Please see Figure 16 The second heat-conducting element 2 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating wire 3, the third heat-conducting element 7 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element 2, and the first heat-conducting element 1 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the third heat-conducting element 7. The first heat-conducting element 1 and the third heat-conducting element 7 are connected by the second baffle 8, so that the gas passing through the inside of the first heat-conducting element 1 can be heated.
[0090] Example 10 Please see Figure 17 This embodiment is similar in structure to embodiment 9, except that a second insulating heat-conducting medium 9 is provided between the second heat-conducting element 2 and the third heat-conducting element 7.
[0091] Example 11 Please see Figure 18 This embodiment is similar in structure to embodiment 10, except that a buffer 6 is provided on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting component 1.
[0092] The present invention also proposes a heating device, which includes a shell, a plurality of first heat-conducting elements 1, a plurality of second heat-conducting elements 2, and a plurality of heating wires 3. The shell surrounds a sealed cavity. The plurality of first heat-conducting elements 1 are located in the cavity and are connected end to end in sequence to form an air intake pipe. The two ends of the air intake pipe protrude from the shell and form an air inlet and an air outlet. Each heating wire 3 is disposed inside or outside the corresponding first heat-conducting element 1, and the two ends of each heating wire 3 are electrically connected to a power supply device. The plurality of second heat-conducting elements 2 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the air intake pipe, and each second heat-conducting element 2 is located between a first heat-conducting element 1 and a corresponding heating wire 3.
[0093] The specific structures of the plurality of first heat-conducting elements 1, the plurality of second heat-conducting elements 2 and the plurality of heating wires 3 are as described in the above embodiments. Since this heat exchange device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.
[0094] Understandably, the heating device forms a sealed cavity through the shell, providing physical protection and environmental isolation for other internal components, while also allowing for the filling of insulating material to reduce heat loss. Multiple first heat-conducting elements 1 are connected in series to form a continuous gas inlet pipe, which runs through the entire shell, extending to the outside of the shell at both ends to form inlet and outlet ports, facilitating connection with the gas pipeline of the fuel cell system. Heating wires 3 are located inside or outside the first heat-conducting elements 1, with both ends connected to a power supply device to form an electrical circuit, enabling independent or unified power supply control for each heating wire 3. Multiple second heat-conducting elements 2 are evenly spaced along the extension direction of the inlet pipe, each second heat-conducting element 2 corresponding to a section of heating wire 3, thus separating the heating wire 3 from the first heat-conducting elements 1 and preventing short circuits in the heating wire 3.
[0095] It should be noted that when multiple first heat-conducting elements 1 are connected end to end to form a series gas channel 11, the connection between two adjacent first heat-conducting elements 1 can be a straight connection or a bend structure for a diversion connection.
[0096] Optionally, when the heating wire 3 is located outside the first heat-conducting element 1, corresponding through holes can be directly opened on the housing to allow the heating wire 3 to be connected to the power supply device through the through holes. When the heating wire 3 is located inside the first heat-conducting element 1, holes can be opened on the first heat-conducting element 1 and the second heat-conducting element 2 in addition to the through holes in the housing, so that each section of the heating wire 3 can pass through the holes from the gas channel 11 and then be connected to the power supply device through the through holes.
[0097] Optionally, a thermocouple can be installed on the housing to measure the temperature inside the cavity.
[0098] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A heating structure, characterized in that, The heating structure includes: A first heat-conducting component, wherein a gas channel is provided inside the first heat-conducting component; A heating wire, wherein the heating wire is disposed inside or outside the first heat-conducting element; and The second heat-conducting element is disposed between the first heat-conducting element and the heating wire, and the second heat-conducting element is made of an insulating heat-conducting material; The heat generated by the heating wire after it is energized is sequentially transferred to the second heat-conducting component and the first heat-conducting component to heat the gas in the gas channel.
2. The heating structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the second heat-conducting component has a heat-conducting hole that penetrates the second heat-conducting component.
3. The heating structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The projected area of the heating wire on the surface of the second heat-conducting component is not less than half of the projected area of the heat-conducting hole on the surface of the second heat-conducting component.
4. The heating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The heating structure also includes a buffer element, which is located on the outermost periphery of the heating structure and contains a composite phase change material.
5. The heating structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second heat-conducting element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first heat-conducting element, and the heating wire is wound around the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element.
6. The heating structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The heating structure further includes a first insulating thermally conductive medium, which is disposed between the first thermally conductive element and the second thermally conductive element.
7. The heating structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The heating structure further includes a flow-disrupting component, which includes: A central tube, wherein the central tube is disposed within the gas channel and is arranged along the extending direction of the gas channel; and The first baffle plate is disposed between the central tube and the first heat-conducting component to interfere with the gas in the gas channel.
8. The heating structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first baffle is spirally distributed on the outer wall of the central tube, and the edge of the first baffle is in contact with the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element.
9. The heating structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first baffle includes a plurality of first baffles, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the central tube, and the two ends of each first baffle are respectively connected to the inner wall of the central tube and the first heat-conducting component.
10. The heating structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first heat-conducting component is provided with a concave spiral flow channel; Alternatively, the inner wall of the first heat-conducting component may be provided with a spiral boss protruding into the gas channel.
11. The heating structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second heat-conducting element is located inside the gas channel and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the heating wire.
12. The heating structure as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The heating structure further includes a third heat-conducting element and a plurality of second baffles. The third heat-conducting element is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second heat-conducting element, and the plurality of second baffles are arranged along the periphery of the third heat-conducting element. One end of each second baffle is connected to the third heat-conducting element, and the other end of the second baffle abuts against the inner wall of the first heat-conducting element.
13. A heating device, characterized in that, The heating device includes: A housing, wherein the housing is configured to form a sealed cavity; The heating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 includes a plurality of first heat-conducting elements located within the cavity and connected end to end in sequence to form an air intake pipe, wherein the two ends of the air intake pipe protrude from the housing and are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The heating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 includes multiple heating wires, each of which is disposed inside or outside the corresponding first heat-conducting element, and both ends of each heating wire are electrically connected to a power supply device; and The heating structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 includes a plurality of second heat-conducting elements, wherein the plurality of second heat-conducting elements are spaced apart along the extension direction of the air intake pipe, and each second heat-conducting element is located between a first heat-conducting element and the corresponding heating wire.