Battery thermal management method based on microfluidics and battery

Abstract

The invention provides a battery thermal management method based on microfluidics and a battery, the battery comprises a battery main body and an embedded flow channel structure, and a battery management system comprises a controller, temperature sensors arranged at a plurality of first preset positions of the battery main body and micropumps arranged at a plurality of second preset positions in the flow channel structure, the method comprises the steps that a controller obtains battery cell collection temperature values, uploaded by a temperature sensor, of all first preset positions; the controller determines a thermal load result based on the acquired battery core acquisition temperature value of each first preset position and the acquired current value and the acquired voltage value of the battery; the controller sends a flow adjusting instruction to the target micropump based on the thermal load result so as to control the cooling liquid to be quantitatively and directionally transmitted in the flow channel structure, and the temperature of the battery is reduced to the target temperature. And different battery areas are independently adjusted through a micro-fluidic cooling structure embedded in the battery, so that accurate heat management of distribution according to needs is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method and battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage technologies, power batteries, as core components, face the demand for higher energy density and faster charge and discharge rates. Under fast charging (e.g., 4C and above) or high-rate discharging (e.g., continuous 3C discharge) conditions, the electrochemical reactions of lithium-ion batteries intensify, resulting in heat generation that can be 5-8 times higher than under normal operating conditions. Polarization heat and ohmic heat account for over 90% of the total heat generation. Existing battery thermal management systems are mainly based on three technical routes: air cooling systems, liquid cooling systems, and phase change material cooling. However, current technologies cannot penetrate the cell to monitor the electrolyte concentration gradient or local hot spots on the electrodes in real time (temperature differences can reach over 15°C), causing the thermal management response to lag behind actual heat distribution changes, resulting in poor thermal management performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method and battery to solve the technical problem of poor thermal management effect of power batteries in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a battery thermal management method based on microfluidics. The battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure. The battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure. The method includes: The controller acquires the cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset locations uploaded by the temperature sensors; The controller determines the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature values, battery current values, and battery voltage values ​​at each first preset location. Based on the thermal load results, the controller sends flow regulation commands to the target micropump to control the quantitative and directional transport of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the battery body includes cells and modules, and the flow channel structure includes a main flow channel and branch microflow channels. The branch microflow channels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and the branch microflow channels are arranged in layers.

[0006] In an optional implementation, the micropumps are respectively arranged at the connection between the branch microchannels and the main channel.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the controller is further configured to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cells at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery.

[0008] In an optional implementation, the controller is further configured to determine whether the battery has entered a fast charging mode or a high load mode. If so, the controller executes the step of acquiring the cell temperature values ​​at each first preset location uploaded by the temperature sensor.

[0009] In an optional implementation, the controller collects temperature values ​​for each cell at a first preset position, determines whether the collected temperature value of the cell is greater than a specified temperature value, and if so, generates an increase flow rate regulation command and sends it to the corresponding micro pump.

[0010] Secondly, the present invention provides a battery, the battery comprising a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure, and a battery management system comprising a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure. The controller acquires the cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset locations uploaded by the temperature sensors; The controller determines the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature values, battery current values, and battery voltage values ​​at each first preset location. Based on the thermal load results, the controller sends flow regulation commands to the target micropump to control the quantitative and directional transport of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the battery body includes cells and modules, and the flow channel structure includes a main flow channel and branch microflow channels. The branch microflow channels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and the branch microflow channels are arranged in layers.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the micropumps are respectively arranged at the connection between the branch microchannels and the main channel.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the controller is further configured to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cells at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery.

[0014] This application provides a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method. The battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure. The battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure. The method includes: the controller acquiring cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset positions uploaded by the temperature sensors; the controller determining a heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset positions, as well as the battery's current and voltage values; and the controller sending a flow rate adjustment command to the target micropumps based on the heat load result to control the quantitative and directional transport of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature. Through the microfluidic cooling structure embedded within the battery, different battery regions can be independently adjusted, achieving precise thermal management with on-demand distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a microfluidic battery thermal management device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Example 1 In one embodiment of this application, a battery is provided, specifically a vehicle power battery. The battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure. The battery body includes cells and modules.

[0019] The battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions on the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure.

[0020] The flow channel structure includes a main flow channel and branch microflow channels. The branch microflow channels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and are arranged in layers.

[0021] The flow channel structure here employs a multi-layer microchannel design, embedded between battery modules or cell gaps, and is made of electrolyte-resistant, highly thermally conductive ceramics or polymers. Branched microchannels can cool hot spots in different areas of the cells or modules.

[0022] Micropumps are positioned at the junctions of the branch microchannels and the main channel. These micropumps can be piezoelectric or electromagnetic, and are small in size and low in power consumption. The controller can adjust the flow rate and direction based on temperature feedback signals. The micropumps have a response time of less than or equal to 50 ms to achieve rapid thermal response.

[0023] The controller can collect temperature, current, and voltage data in real time, predict heat load based on the cell heat generation model, and dynamically adjust the micro-pump flow rate. The controller can also diagnose faults and detect abnormal states such as microchannel blockage and pump failure.

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, in one feasible implementation, a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method is provided, the method comprising: S1. The controller acquires the cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset locations uploaded by the temperature sensors.

[0025] The first preset location can be the center of the battery cell, the terminal post, the contact surface of the cooling plate, etc. The temperature sensor can be a DS18B20 or an NTC thermistor, etc.

[0026] Temperature data from each node can be collected synchronously via a CAN bus or a distributed ADC module (such as TI ADS1115). The sampling frequency must be ≥1Hz to capture transient thermal changes.

[0027] The original temperature signal can also be filtered by moving average or Kalman filtering to eliminate noise interference.

[0028] Specifically, Hall effect sensors (such as the ACS712) or shunt circuits with high-precision operational amplifiers can be used to acquire the battery charging and discharging current in real time. Individual cell voltages or total voltages can be measured using a voltage divider circuit and an isolated ADC.

[0029] S2. The controller determines the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature value, battery current value, and battery voltage value at each first preset position.

[0030] The heat load results here can be calculated using a heat load model, and the specific design can be tailored to different batteries; no limitations are specified here.

[0031] S3. Based on the thermal load results, the controller sends a flow regulation command to the target micropump to control the quantitative and directional transmission of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature.

[0032] Specifically, the controller can collect temperature values ​​for each battery cell at a first preset position, determine whether the collected temperature value of the battery cell is greater than a specified temperature value, and if so, generate an increase flow rate regulation command and send it to the corresponding micro pump.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, the controller can obtain the basic flow rate by looking up a table based on the heat load results. The table data is generated through CFD simulation and bench testing.

[0034] An incremental PID algorithm can also be used to correct the flow control ratio. Furthermore, a flow threshold can be set to prevent overcooling, and an intermittent mode can be activated to save energy. Real-time monitoring of the micro-pump current feedback is also possible; if the actual flow rate deviates from the command by more than 15%, a fault alarm is triggered.

[0035] This application provides a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method that uses an embedded microfluidic cooling structure within the battery to independently adjust different battery regions, achieving precise thermal management with on-demand distribution.

[0036] In one feasible embodiment, the controller is also used to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cell at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery. Specifically, dynamic thresholds can be set, such as ±3°C or based on standard deviation. Alternatively, local anomalies can be detected by temperature gradients between adjacent cells, such as gradients > 5°C / cm. If the temperature in a certain area is too high, it may indicate a micropump malfunction or microchannel blockage in that area.

[0037] In one feasible embodiment, current-temperature response delay can also be detected; if the temperature does not rise as expected under high current, it may indicate flow channel blockage. Furthermore, combined with voltage-assisted verification, abnormal temperature accompanied by voltage fluctuations may suggest an internal short circuit causing localized overheating.

[0038] The controller also determines whether the battery has entered fast charging mode or high load mode. If so, it executes the step of acquiring the cell temperature values ​​uploaded by the temperature sensor at each first preset location. After charging is completed or the temperature stabilizes, the system enters low power mode.

[0039] Here, based on user-triggered commands, it can be determined whether the vehicle is in fast charging mode or high load mode. For example, the user selects fast charging or triggers a high-power charging pile handshake protocol.

[0040] Example 2 Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a microfluidic battery thermal management device provided in an embodiment of this application. Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a microfluidic-based battery thermal management device, wherein the battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure, the battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure, and the device 20 includes: The acquisition module 210 is used to acquire the cell acquisition temperature values ​​at each first preset position uploaded by the temperature sensor; The prediction module 220 is used to determine the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature value, battery current value, and battery voltage value at each first preset location. The control module 230 is used to send flow regulation commands to the target micropump based on the thermal load results, so as to control the quantitative and directional transmission of coolant within the flow channel structure and reduce the battery to the target temperature.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the battery body includes cells and modules, and the flow channel structure includes a main flow channel and branch microflow channels. The branch microflow channels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and the branch microflow channels are arranged in layers.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the micropumps are respectively arranged at the connection between the branch microchannels and the main channel.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 230 is further configured to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cell at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 230 is further configured to determine whether the battery has entered a fast charging mode or a high load mode. If so, the control module 230 executes the step of acquiring the cell temperature values ​​at each first preset location uploaded by the temperature sensor.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the control module 230 collects temperature values ​​for each cell at a first preset position, determines whether the collected temperature value of the cell is greater than a specified temperature value, and if so, generates an increase flow rate adjustment command and sends it to the corresponding micro pump.

[0046] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a processor 310, a memory 320, and a bus 330.

[0047] The memory 320 stores machine-readable instructions that can be executed by the processor 310. When the electronic device 300 is running, the processor 310 and the memory 320 communicate via the bus 330. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 310, the steps of a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method as described in the above method embodiment can be executed. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0048] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is run by a processor, it can execute the steps of a microfluidic-based battery thermal management method as described in the above method embodiments. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0051] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0052] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0053] It should be noted that if the function is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0054] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0055] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management method based on microfluidics, characterized in that, The battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure. The battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure. The method includes: The controller acquires the cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset locations uploaded by the temperature sensors; The controller determines the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature values, battery current values, and battery voltage values ​​at each first preset location. Based on the thermal load results, the controller sends flow regulation commands to the target micropump to control the quantitative and directional transport of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery body includes cells and modules. The flow channel structure includes main channels and branch microchannels. The branch microchannels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and the branch microchannels are arranged in layers.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The micropumps are respectively arranged at the connection between the branch microchannels and the main channel.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also used to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cells at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is also used to determine whether the battery has entered fast charging mode or high load mode. If so, it executes the step of acquiring the cell temperature values ​​uploaded by the temperature sensor at each of the first preset locations.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller collects temperature values ​​for each battery cell at a first preset position, determines whether the collected temperature value is greater than a specified temperature value, and if so, generates an increase flow rate regulation command and sends it to the corresponding micro pump.

7. A battery, characterized in that, The battery includes a battery body and an embedded flow channel structure. The battery management system includes a controller, temperature sensors arranged at multiple first preset positions in the battery body, and micropumps arranged at multiple second preset positions within the flow channel structure. The controller acquires the cell temperature values ​​at each of the first preset locations uploaded by the temperature sensors; The controller determines the heat load result based on the acquired cell temperature values, battery current values, and battery voltage values ​​at each first preset location. Based on the thermal load results, the controller sends flow regulation commands to the target micropump to control the quantitative and directional transport of coolant within the flow channel structure, thereby reducing the battery temperature to the target temperature.

8. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery body includes cells and modules. The flow channel structure includes main channels and branch microchannels. The branch microchannels are embedded between modules, between cells, or between modules and cells, and the branch microchannels are arranged in layers.

9. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The micropumps are respectively arranged at the connection between the branch microchannels and the main channel.

10. The battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The controller is also used to determine whether the flow channel is abnormal based on the temperature value collected by the cells at each first preset position, as well as the current value and voltage value collected by the battery.

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