Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a metal annular structure and at least two first feed structures, the first ends of the first feed structures are connected with the metal annular structure, and the second ends of the first feed structures are grounded; wherein the antenna frequency bands corresponding to the at least two first feed structures are first antenna frequency bands, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of each first antenna frequency band is a first wavelength, and the length between the first end and the second end is larger than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength and smaller than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength. And the perimeter of the metal annular structure is greater than or equal to the first wavelength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, mobile communication will utilize higher frequency bands (e.g., 6-8 GHz) and higher-order multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technologies. However, the size of electronic devices (e.g., mobile phones) may not change significantly. This means that electronic devices of current size need to accommodate more antennas. The conventional design approach is antenna multiplexing, where multiple antennas of different frequency bands share a single antenna structure, with filtering and selection performed at the RF end. In different network modes, switching between RF and antennas is used to adapt to different scenarios. However, the size of the multiplexed antenna generally needs to meet the minimum frequency requirement. This means that for high-frequency antennas, an excessively long antenna size can easily excite higher-order modes and lossy clutter, resulting in poor antenna performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an antenna assembly and electronic device that can solve the problem of poor antenna performance in related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna assembly, including: a metal ring structure and at least two first feeding structures, wherein a first end of the first feeding structure is connected to the metal ring structure, and a second end of the first feeding structure is grounded;

[0005] Wherein, the antenna frequency bands corresponding to the at least two first feeding structures are all first antenna frequency bands, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first antenna frequency band is the first wavelength, the length between the first end and the second end is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, and the circumference of the metal ring structure is greater than or equal to the first wavelength.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device including the antenna assembly as described in the first aspect.

[0007] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly includes a metal ring structure and at least two first feed structures connected to the metal ring structure. The antenna frequency band corresponding to the at least two first feed structures is a first antenna frequency band, and the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first antenna frequency band is a first wavelength. The length between the first end and the second end of the first feed structure is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, thereby effectively ensuring that the at least two antennas excited by the at least two first feed structures have good isolation, so that the antennas corresponding to each of the at least two first feed structures can have good antenna performance. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of an antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0010] Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a second structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficients between antennas in the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a current mode analysis diagram corresponding to the antenna component in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a current distribution diagram corresponding to the antenna component in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0017] Figure 9This is the radiation pattern of each antenna in the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 provided in this application;

[0018] Figures 10-13 These are schematic diagrams showing the return loss of an antenna corresponding to a first feed structure at the same position on the metal ring structure in the four antenna assembly schemes proposed in Implementation Method 1, as well as the isolation curves of the antennas corresponding to the other three first feed structures.

[0019] Figure 14 These are the current distribution diagrams corresponding to the four antenna components proposed in Implementation Method 1;

[0020] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 2 provided in this application;

[0021] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the S-parameter curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly in Embodiment 2 provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly in Embodiment 2 provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0024] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0025] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficients between antennas in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0026] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0027] Figure 22 This is a current distribution diagram corresponding to the antenna component in Embodiment 3 provided in this application;

[0028] Figure 23 This is a structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 4 provided in this application;

[0029] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 4 provided in this application;

[0030] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficients between antennas in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 4 provided in this application;

[0031] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 4 provided in this application;

[0032] Figure 27 This is a current distribution diagram corresponding to the antenna component in Embodiment 4 provided in this application;

[0033] Figures 28-30 These are schematic diagrams showing the return loss of an antenna corresponding to a first feed structure at the same position on the metal ring structure in the two antenna assembly schemes proposed in Implementation Method 4, as well as the isolation curves of the antennas corresponding to the other three first feed structures.

[0034] Figure 31 This is a structural diagram of the antenna assembly in Embodiment 5 provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 5 provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of each antenna in the antenna assembly of Embodiment 5 provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 34 This is a structural diagram of the electronic device in Embodiment Six provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of antennas 11, 12, 21, 22, and 41 in Embodiment 6 provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency of antennas 11, 12, 21, 22, and 41 in Embodiment 6 provided in this application.

[0040] Figure 37 This is a schematic diagram of the return loss curves of antennas 301, 302, and 303 in Embodiment 6 provided in this application.

[0041] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficients of antennas 301, 302, and 303 in Embodiment Six of this application;

[0042] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of the overall efficiency curves of antennas 301, 302, and 303 in Embodiment Six provided in this application.

[0043] Figure 40This is a current distribution diagram of the metal ring structure in Embodiment Six of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0046] This application provides an antenna assembly. Please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 The antenna assembly includes a metal ring structure 100 and at least two first feed structures 300. A first end of each first feed structure 300 is connected to the metal ring structure 100, and a second end of each first feed structure 300 is grounded. The antenna frequency bands corresponding to the at least two first feed structures 300 are both first antenna frequency bands. The wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first antenna frequency band is a first wavelength. The length between the first and second ends is greater than 1 / 8 and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is greater than or equal to the first wavelength.

[0047] It should be noted that the ground in the embodiments of this application can be the motherboard 500 of the electronic device.

[0048] Understandably, the metal ring structure 100 has conductive properties and can be understood as a partial radiator of the antenna. In this embodiment, the metal ring structure 100 is connected to at least two first feed structures 300. One first feed structure 300 and the metal ring structure 100 can form an antenna, and the antenna frequency bands corresponding to the at least two first feed structures 300 are the same. Therefore, the antenna assembly provided in this embodiment can form at least two antennas with the same frequency. In this way, it is possible to form at least two antennas with the same frequency on a single metal ring structure 100, thereby helping to save space occupied by the antenna in electronic devices.

[0049] In this embodiment, the antenna frequency band corresponding to the at least two first feeding structures 300 is a first antenna frequency band, and the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first antenna frequency band is a first wavelength. The length between the first end and the second end of the first feeding structure 300 is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength. The length between the first end and the second end of the first feeding structure 300 can also be understood as the length of the first feeding structure 300. By limiting the length of the at least two first feeding structures 300 at the same frequency to a range greater than 1 / 8 and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, it is effectively ensured that the at least two antennas corresponding to each of the at least two first feeding structures 300 have good isolation, thereby enabling each antenna corresponding to each of the at least two first feeding structures 300 to have good antenna performance. Furthermore, the antenna assembly provided in this embodiment can achieve the design of multiple antennas on a metal ring structure 100, effectively saving the space occupied by multiple antennas in electronic devices, and by limiting the length of the first feeding structure 300, it is also possible to ensure that the multiple antennas have good antenna performance.

[0050] For example, in some embodiments, the length between the first end and the second end of the first feed structure 300 is 1 / 4 of the first wavelength. In this case, the isolation between the at least two antennas excited by the at least two first feed structures 300 is optimal, effectively ensuring the antenna performance of the at least two antennas.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, the antenna assembly provided in this application may further include at least one second feeding structure 400. One end of the second feeding structure 400 is connected to the metal ring structure 100, and the other end of the second feeding structure 400 is grounded. The antenna frequency band corresponding to the second feeding structure 400 is the second antenna frequency band, which is different from the first antenna frequency band. Furthermore, by using the first feeding structure 300 and the second feeding structure 400, more antennas of different frequencies can be obtained, which helps to improve the frequency band coverage of the antenna assembly. It also allows the feeding structures corresponding to antennas of different frequency bands to be arranged on the same metal ring structure 100, effectively reducing the space occupied by the antenna in the electronic device.

[0052] It should be noted that when the number of second feed structures 400 is greater than one, each second feed structure 400 can correspond to a different second antenna frequency band, or several of the second feed structures 400 can correspond to the same second antenna frequency band, or at least two of the second feed structures 400 can correspond to different second antenna frequency bands. This further improves the frequency band coverage of the antenna assembly, enabling the layout of more frequency band antennas on a single metal ring structure 100, effectively reducing the space occupied by the antennas in electronic equipment.

[0053] Optionally, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is greater than or equal to the first wavelength. That is, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is greater than or equal to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first antenna band. This facilitates the arrangement of more feeding structures on the metal ring structure 100, including the aforementioned first feeding structure 300 and second feeding structure 400, and also helps to ensure the performance of the antenna excited by each feeding structure.

[0054] Optionally, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 0.5 times n times the first wavelength, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 1.5 times, 2 times, or 3 times the first wavelength, etc. Understandably, when the number of feed structures connected to the metal ring structure 100 is the same, the metal ring structure 100 with a larger circumference has a larger spacing between the feed structures connected to it, which helps to improve the isolation between antennas excited by different feed structures, thereby helping to ensure the performance of the antenna.

[0055] It should be noted that when the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 increases, the length between the first end and the second end of the first feed structure 300 can be reduced accordingly. For example, in scheme 1: the metal ring structure 100 is twice the first wavelength, and four first feed structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100. In this case, the length between the first end and the second end of the first feed structure 300 connected to the metal ring structure 100 (which can be understood as the length of the first feed structure 300) is the first length. In scheme 2: the metal ring structure 100 is three times the first wavelength, and four first feed structures 300 are also connected to the metal ring structure 100. In this case, the length between the first end and the second end of the first feed structure 300 connected to the metal ring structure 100 is the second length, which is less than the first length. Understandably, as the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 increases, the spacing between each first feeding structure 300 also increases accordingly, which helps to improve the isolation between antennas corresponding to different feeding structures. Therefore, the length of the first feeding structure 300 in Scheme 2 can be less than the length of the first feeding structure 300 in Scheme 1.

[0056] Optionally, the metal ring structure 100 can be circular or square. It is understood that the antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment is applied to an electronic device, and the metal ring structure 100 can be a component on the electronic device. For example, the metal ring structure 100 can be a decorative ring for a camera on the electronic device. This effectively utilizes components on the electronic device as the metal ring structure 100, or as the radiator of the antenna, helping to reduce the space occupied by the antenna within the electronic device.

[0057] Optionally, the distance between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength. The ground can be the motherboard 500 in an electronic device, meaning the distance between the metal ring structure 100 and the motherboard 500 is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength. This design helps ensure the radiated energy of the antenna excited by each feeding structure. Furthermore, it can influence the distribution of current zero points on the antenna components, so that when the port corresponding to one of the feeding structures (the first feeding structure 300 or the second feeding structure 400) is excited, the other feeding structures are near the current zero point, thereby enhancing antenna isolation and achieving antenna self-decoupling.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, the at least two first feeding structures 300 include a first sub-feed structure 301 and a second sub-feed structure 302. The line connecting the first sub-feed structure 301 to the center of the metal ring structure 100 is the first connecting line L1, and the line connecting the second sub-feed structure 302 to the center of the metal ring structure 100 is the second connecting line L2. Figure 2 As shown, the first line L1 is perpendicular to the second line L2, or, as... Figure 15 As shown, the first line L1 and the second line L2 are on the same straight line, or, as... Figure 31 As shown, the angle between the first connection L1 and the second connection L2 is less than 90 degrees. This allows for a more flexible layout of the multiple first feed structures 300.

[0059] Optionally, such as Figure 15 As shown, there are two first feeding structures 300, namely a first sub-feed structure 301 and a second sub-feed structure 302. The line connecting the first sub-feed structure 301 and the second sub-feed structure 302 is a straight line, and the center of the metal ring structure 100 (e.g.) Figure 15 The center of the circle is located on the straight line. In this way, the first sub-feed structure 301 and the second sub-feed structure 302 are symmetrically distributed on the metal ring structure 100, which can effectively improve the isolation between the antennas corresponding to the first sub-feed structure 301 and the antennas corresponding to the second sub-feed structure 302, and help improve antenna performance.

[0060] Optionally, the number of first feeding structures 300 is four, and the connection positions of the first ends of the four first feeding structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 are equally spaced. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the four first feed structures 300 are respectively a first sub-feed structure 301, a second sub-feed structure 302, a third sub-feed structure 303, and a fourth sub-feed structure 304. The first ends of the four first feed structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100 at equal intervals; that is, the four first feed structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° on the metal ring structure 100. This allows for four first feed structures connected to the metal ring structure 100, corresponding to four antennas operating at the same frequency. Thus, four antennas operating at the same frequency can be arranged within a single metal ring structure 100, helping to reduce the antenna's footprint within the electronic device. Furthermore, the symmetrical distribution of the four first feed structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 effectively ensures the isolation between the antennas corresponding to each first feed structure 300, contributing to improved antenna performance.

[0061] Optionally, the number of first feeding structures 300 is eight, and the connection positions of the first ends of the eight first feeding structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 are equally spaced. For example, as shown... Figure 31 As shown, the first ends of eight first feed structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100 at equal intervals. In other words, these eight first feed structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, and 315° on the metal ring structure 100. This allows for the connection of eight first feed structures 300 to the metal ring structure 100, enabling the placement of more antennas on the metal ring structure 100 and effectively reducing the antenna placement space within the electronic device. Furthermore, the symmetrical distribution of the eight first feed structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 effectively ensures the isolation between the antennas corresponding to each first feed structure 300, contributing to improved antenna performance.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of first power supply structures 300 can also be other possibilities, and the connection positions of these first power supply structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 can also be other possibilities. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this. In this way, the flexibility of the layout of the first power supply structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 can be effectively improved.

[0063] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 35As shown, the electronic device includes the antenna assembly described above. This antenna assembly includes all the technical features of the above embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0064] In this embodiment, the metal ring structure 100 in the antenna assembly can be a decorative ring for the camera of the electronic device, thereby effectively utilizing the existing components of the electronic device to lay out the antenna, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the antenna on the electronic device.

[0065] Understandably, the electronic device includes a metal frame 600. In this embodiment, at least one third feeding structure is connected to the metal frame 600. The antenna frequency band corresponding to the third feeding structure is a third antenna frequency band, which is different from the first antenna frequency band, thereby allowing more antennas of different frequency bands to be arranged on the electronic device.

[0066] To better understand the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions of this application will be specifically described below through several implementation methods.

[0067] Implementation Method 1

[0068] Please refer to Figures 2 to 14 In this embodiment, four first feed structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100, namely: a first sub-feed structure 301, a second sub-feed structure 302, a third sub-feed structure 303, and a fourth sub-feed structure 304. The four first feed structures 300 are evenly distributed on the metal ring structure 100, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the four first power supply structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° on the metal ring structure 100.

[0069] The four first feed structures 300 correspond to antenna frequency bands of 5.425~7.425GHz, with a center frequency of 6.425GHz. The wavelength corresponding to this center frequency (i.e., the first wavelength λ) is 46.7mm. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, which is greater than the first wavelength; the height h between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground is 7.6mm, which is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength (1 / 8 of the first wavelength is 5.84mm).

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the return loss of each antenna corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 is less than -6dB in the 5~7.5GHz range. Figure 5 As shown, the transmission coefficients between the antennas corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 are relatively small, and the isolation between the antennas is greater than 10dB. Figure 6As shown, the minimum total efficiency of the antennas corresponding to each of the four first feed structures 300 in the 5~7.5GHz range is greater than -2.5dB. It is evident that, in this embodiment, the antennas corresponding to each of the first feed structures 300 can exhibit good performance.

[0071] Figure 7 This is a current mode analysis diagram corresponding to the antenna assembly in Embodiment 1 of this application. The ports listed here are those that can be fed by the second sub-feed structure 302 (i.e.,...) Figure 7 Port 2) Excites the current modes. Mode analysis reveals that, due to the length of the first feed structure 300, it can excite monopole modes (such as modes 4 and 5) of the same-direction current on all first feed structures 300, as well as various ring current modes of the first sub-feed structure 302, the metal ring structure 100, and the other three first feed structures, such as modes 1, 2, 3, and 6. By superimposing these modes, we can obtain... Figure 8 . Figure 8 The diagram shows the current distribution of the metal ring structure 100 when the port corresponding to the second sub-feed structure 302 is excited at 6.425 GHz. It can be seen that the current after mode superposition is mainly concentrated in the metal ring portions of the second sub-feed structure 302, the first sub-feed structure 301 to the second sub-feed structure 302, and the second sub-feed structure 302 to the third sub-feed structure 303, as well as the metal ring portions of the first sub-feed structure 301, the third sub-feed structure 303, the fourth sub-feed structure 304, the first sub-feed structure 301 to the fourth sub-feed structure 304, and the second sub-feed structure 302 to the third sub-feed structure 304. The current on the metal ring section of structure 3 is very weak. The first sub-feed structure 301, the third sub-feed structure 303, and the fourth sub-feed structure 304 are exactly at the current zero point of the metal ring structure 100. Therefore, the first sub-feed structure 301, the third sub-feed structure 303, and the fourth sub-feed structure 304 have high isolation characteristics. This can avoid or reduce interference to the antenna corresponding to the second sub-feed structure 302, thereby ensuring that the antenna corresponding to the second sub-feed structure 302 has good performance.

[0072] Figure 9 The image shows the radiation patterns of the antennas corresponding to the four first feeding structures 300 in this embodiment at 6.425 GHz. It can be seen that the antenna patterns of the four antennas have good orthogonality.

[0073] To better illustrate the impact of the length from the first end to the second end of the first feed structure 300 (hereinafter referred to as the length of the first feed structure 300) on the antenna isolation, the antenna components provided by the following four schemes are compared and explained.

[0074] Option 1: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 4.6mm;

[0075] Option 2: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 7.6mm;

[0076] Option 3: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 14.6mm;

[0077] Option 4: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 20.6mm.

[0078] It should be noted that, under the above four schemes, the center frequency of the antenna band corresponding to the first feeding structure 300 is 6.425 GHz, which is also the wavelength corresponding to 6.425 GHz, and the first wavelength is 46.7 mm. Except for the length of the first feeding structure 300, the other structural features and parameters are the same in the above four schemes. For example, the metal ring structure 100 is circular in all four schemes, has the same circumference, the same height between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground, and the connection positions of the four first feeding structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 are also the same in each scheme.

[0079] Please refer to Figures 10-13 , Figures 10-13 These are the return loss curves of the antenna corresponding to one first feed structure 300 (e.g., a second sub-feed structure) at the same position on the metal ring structure 100, and the isolation curves of the antennas corresponding to the other three first feed structures 300, respectively, for the antenna components of the four schemes mentioned above. Figure 10 For example, Figure 10 S2,2 represents the return loss curve, and S1,2, S3,2, and S4,2 characterize the isolation (this will not be repeated hereafter). It can be seen that in Schemes 2 and 3, the length of the first feed structure 300 is within 1 / 8 to 3 / 8 of the first wavelength (i.e., 1 / 8 to 3 / 8λ). Under these two schemes, the antenna isolation meets the requirement of over 10dB. However, in Scheme 1, the length of the first feed structure 300 is less than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength, resulting in poor isolation between the antennas corresponding to the two relatively positioned first feed structures, with an isolation of only 6dB. In Scheme 4, the length of the first feed structure 300 is greater than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, indicating that this scheme also suffers from poor isolation. It should be noted that the antenna isolation effect is optimal when the length of the first feed structure 300 is 1 / 4 of the first wavelength.

[0080] Figure 14The diagram shows a comparison of the antenna current distribution when the port corresponding to the second sub-feed structure in each of the four schemes is excited. It can be seen that in Schemes 2 and 3, the length (h) of the first feed structure 300 is within 1 / 8 to 3 / 8 of the first wavelength (i.e., 1 / 8 to 3 / 8λ). When the port corresponding to the second sub-feed structure is excited, the current coupled to the other three first feed structures 300 and the port is very small, indicating good isolation.

[0081] Therefore, the antenna assembly provided in this application limits the length of the first feeding structure 300 to the range of 1 / 8 to 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, thereby effectively ensuring that the antennas corresponding to each first feeding structure 300 have good isolation, thus effectively ensuring antenna performance.

[0082] It should be noted that conventional symmetrical antenna assemblies can generally only achieve decoupling by setting orthogonal ports at 0° and 90°. If two antennas are placed opposite each other at 0° and 180° or 90° and 270°, the phase difference near 0° due to the identical modes will result in high coupling between the two antennas. In the antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment, the length of the first feed structure 300 is 1 / 8 to 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, thereby controlling the amplitude and phase of the single-pole mode. This significantly reduces the amplitude of the current after multi-mode superposition on other feed structures and ports, achieving the effect of doubling the number of antennas on a single antenna radiator. In other words, more feed structures can be set on the metal ring structure 100 to achieve a greater number of antennas. This is beneficial for the layout of MIMO antennas in 6G mobile communication terminals.

[0083] Implementation Method Two:

[0084] like Figure 15 As shown, in this embodiment, two first feeding structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100, namely a first sub-feed structure 301 and a second sub-feed structure 302. The two first feeding structures 300 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the metal ring structure 100, that is, the two first feeding structures 300 are arranged at 0° and 180° on the metal ring structure 100.

[0085] The antenna frequency band corresponding to the two first feeding structures 300 is 5.425~7.425GHz, with a center frequency of 6.425GHz. The wavelength corresponding to this center frequency (i.e., the first wavelength) is 46.7mm. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, which is greater than the first wavelength; the height h between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground is 7.6mm, which is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength (1 / 8 of the first wavelength is 5.84mm).

[0086] like Figure 16As shown, the return loss of the antennas corresponding to the two first feed structures 300 is less than -6dB in the 5~7.5GHz range, and the isolation between the antennas is greater than 10dB. Figure 17 As shown, the minimum total efficiency of the antennas corresponding to the two first feeding structures 300 in the 5~7.5GHz range is greater than -2dB. It is evident that, under this second embodiment, the antennas corresponding to each of the first feeding structures 300 can exhibit good performance.

[0087] Implementation Method 3:

[0088] Please refer to Figure 18 In this embodiment, four first power supply structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100. The four first power supply structures 300 are distributed at equal intervals on the metal ring structure 100, that is, the four first power supply structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° on the metal ring structure 100.

[0089] The four first feeding structures 300 correspond to antenna frequency bands of 5.425~7.425GHz, with a center frequency of 6.425GHz. The wavelength corresponding to this center frequency (i.e., the first wavelength) is 46.7mm. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 50mm, which is greater than the first wavelength; the height h between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground is 7.6mm, which is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength (1 / 8 of the first wavelength is 5.84mm). Unlike Embodiment 1, the metal ring structure 100 in this embodiment is square.

[0090] like Figure 19 As shown, the return loss of each antenna corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 is less than -6dB in the 5~7.5GHz range. Figure 20 As shown, the transmission coefficients between the antennas corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 are relatively small, and the isolation between the antennas is greater than 12dB. Figure 21 As shown, the minimum overall efficiency of the antennas corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 in the 5~7.5GHz range is greater than -2.5dB. Figure 22 As shown, Figure 22 The diagram shows the current distribution at 6.425 GHz when port 2 (corresponding to one of the first feed structures 300) is excited in this embodiment. It can be seen that the current is mainly concentrated on the first feed structure 300 corresponding to port 2 and the metal ring structure 100. The currents on the other three first feed structures 300 and the port are relatively weak, thus exhibiting good isolation characteristics. Therefore, in this embodiment, the antennas excited by each first feed structure 300 can all have good performance, and the antennas can have good isolation.

[0091] Implementation Method Four:

[0092] like Figure 23 As shown, in this embodiment, four first power supply structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100. The four first power supply structures 300 are distributed at equal intervals on the metal ring structure 100, that is, the four first power supply structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° on the metal ring structure 100.

[0093] The antenna frequency band corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 is 5.425~7.425GHz, with a center frequency of 6.425GHz. The wavelength corresponding to this center frequency (i.e., the first wavelength) is 46.7mm. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 100mm, equivalent to 2.14 times the first wavelength; the height h between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground is 7.6mm, which is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength (1 / 8 of the first wavelength is 5.84mm). Compared with Embodiment 1, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 in this embodiment is increased, and therefore the spacing between the first feed structures 300 is also increased.

[0094] like Figure 24 As shown, the return loss of each antenna corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 is less than -6dB in the 5~8GHz range, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is better than that of embodiment one. Figure 25 As shown, the transmission coefficients between the antennas corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 are relatively small, the isolation between the antennas is greater than 10dB, and the transmission coefficient is smallest near the 6GHz frequency point, indicating the best isolation at this location. Figure 26 As shown, the minimum total efficiency of the antennas corresponding to the four first feed structures 300 in the 5~8GHz range is greater than -2.2dB, which is better than that of the first implementation method.

[0095] Figure 27 The diagram shows the current distribution at 6.425 GHz when port 2 (corresponding to one of the first feed structures 300) is excited in this embodiment. It can be seen that the current is mainly concentrated in the first feed structure 300 corresponding to port 2, the metal ring portion between port 1 and port 2, and the metal ring portion between port 2 and port 3. The current in the other three first feed structures 300, the metal ring portion between port 1 and port 4, and the metal ring portion between port 3 and port 4 is relatively weak.

[0096] It can be seen that, under this implementation, each antenna corresponding to the first feeding structure 300 can have good performance, and the antennas can have good isolation.

[0097] To better illustrate the impact of the length of the first feed structure 300 on antenna isolation after the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is increased, the antenna components provided by the following two schemes are compared and explained.

[0098] Option A: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 100mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 7.6mm;

[0099] Option B: The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 100mm, and the length of the first power supply structure 300 is 4.6mm.

[0100] It should be noted that in both of the above schemes, the center frequency of the antenna band corresponding to the first feeding structure 300 is 6.425 GHz, which is also the wavelength corresponding to 6.425 GHz, and the first wavelength is 46.7 mm. Apart from the length of the first feeding structure 300, the other structural features and parameters are the same in both schemes. For example, the metal ring structure 100 is circular, has the same circumference, and the same height between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground. The connection positions of the four first feeding structures 300 on the metal ring structure 100 in each scheme are also the same.

[0101] Please refer to Figures 28-30 , Figures 28-30 These are the isolation curves between the antenna corresponding to the first feed structure 300 (e.g., the first feed structure 300 corresponding to port 2) at the same position on the metal ring structure 100 and the antennas corresponding to the other three first feed structures 300, respectively, in Scheme A and Scheme B. It can be seen that, compared to Scheme 1, this implementation increases the circumference of the metal ring structure 100, and the spacing between the first feed structures 300 also increases. However, even if the length of the first feed structure 300 is reduced by 3mm, it can still ensure that the antenna isolation is greater than 10dB in the 5~8GHz frequency band.

[0102] As can be seen from Embodiments 1 and 4, increasing the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 can optimize impedance bandwidth and enhance radiation efficiency. Simultaneously, due to the increased spacing between the first feeding structures 300, the isolation between antennas more easily meets the basic requirement of 10dB. However, it should be noted that in Embodiment 4, the length of the first feeding structure 300 is still limited to 1 / 8 to 3 / 8 of the first wavelength. This allows for a deeper transmission zero point near the frequency corresponding to the first wavelength, which is beneficial for MIMO performance under weak signals, thus helping to improve the anti-interference capability between antennas and ensuring better antenna performance.

[0103] Implementation Method 5:

[0104] like Figure 31As shown, in this embodiment, eight first power supply structures 300 are connected to the metal ring structure 100. The eight first power supply structures 300 are distributed at equal intervals on the metal ring structure 100, that is, the eight first power supply structures 300 are arranged at 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270° and 315° on the metal ring structure 100.

[0105] The center frequency of the antenna band corresponding to the eight first feed structures 300 is 6.425 GHz, and the wavelength corresponding to this center frequency (i.e., the first wavelength) is 46.7 mm. The circumference of the metal ring structure 100 is 197 mm, which is equivalent to 4.2 times the first wavelength; the height h between the metal ring structure 100 and the ground 500 is 7.2 mm, which is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength (1 / 8 of the first wavelength is 5.84 mm). Compared with Embodiment 1, the circumference of the metal ring structure 100 in this embodiment is increased, and therefore the spacing between each first feed structure 300 is also increased.

[0106] like Figure 32 As shown, the return loss of each antenna corresponding to the eight first feed structures 300 in the n104 frequency band (6.425~7.125GHz) is less than -6dB. The transmission coefficients between the antennas excited by each of the eight first feed structures 300 are all small, and the isolation between the antennas is greater than 10dB. For example... Figure 33 As shown, the lowest overall efficiency of the antenna excited by each of the eight first feed structures 300 in the n104 frequency band is greater than -3dB.

[0107] In this embodiment, eight first feeding structures 300 can be provided on the metal ring structure 100, thereby enabling the design of eight antennas through one metal ring structure 100, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the antennas in electronic devices.

[0108] Implementation Method Six:

[0109] Please refer to Figure 34 , Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment. For example... Figure 34As shown, the electronic device includes eight antennas operating in the n104 frequency band (6.425~7.125GHz). Antennas 11, 22, and 41 are metal-framed antennas; antennas 12 and 21 are flexible printed circuit (FPC) or laser direct forming (LDS) type antennas; and antennas 301, 302, and 303 are metal ring structure 100 type antennas provided in the aforementioned embodiments of this application. Optionally, the metal ring structure 100 can be a decorative ring for the camera of the electronic device. Figure 34 This only illustrates one possible distribution of the metal ring structure 100 type antenna. In some other embodiments, the metal ring structure 100 type antenna may have only two antennas, such as 301 and 302, 301 and 303, or 302 and 303. The extra antenna can be placed on the metal frame or made into an FPC or LDS type. In this embodiment, the metal ring structure 100 is shown to have a maximum of three n104 band antennas connected to it. In some embodiments, the metal ring structure 100 may also be connected to a low-frequency antenna, such as an antenna in the B28, B5, or B8 band. Since the frequency spacing between this low-frequency antenna and the n104 band antenna is very large, they will not interfere with each other, and thus can share a feed port, such as the feed port corresponding to antenna 303 in this embodiment. By setting the n104 band in this embodiment, the space for new antennas can be maximized, the structure can be reused, the overall RF complexity of the device and the impact on other antenna bands can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. The first power supply structure 300 on the metal ring structure 100 is located near the 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions. The metal ring structure 100 is a camera decorative ring of the electronic device. The first power supply structure 300 is connected to the camera decorative ring from the inside of the ring. The vertical distance from the connection point to the main board of the whole machine is 7.7mm. Since the camera decorative ring is relatively thick, the edge will bend down close to the main board, and the distance from the edge to the main board will be smaller, for example, only 3.3mm.

[0110] It should be noted that antennas 11, 12, 21, 22, and 41 are spaced far apart, so there should generally be no isolation issues. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 35 The return loss of antennas 11, 12, 21, 22, and 41 in the n104 frequency band is less than -5dB. Figure 36The diagram shows the overall efficiency curves for antennas 11, 12, 21, 22, and 41. It can be seen that antennas 12 and 21 are more efficient than the bezel-type antennas (antennas 11, 22, and 41). This is mainly because bezel-type antennas need to meet the physical size requirements of their lowest frequency band, typically around 1.7GHz. Therefore, for the n104 band, the antenna size is too long, easily exciting high-order loss modes. Furthermore, the clearance of bezel-type antennas is usually less than 1mm, resulting in a harsher environment. Thus, bezel-type antennas are less suitable for multi-band antennas spanning from mid-frequency to 7GHz. At high frequencies, there are issues with mode loss, switching losses, and RF combining losses, leading to a more complex matching topology. The bezel also easily excites screen noise, causing efficiency absorption. FPC / LDS antennas (antennas 12 and 21) can have a trace height of only 2-3mm from the motherboard, making it easier to meet the antenna performance requirements of high-frequency bands. Matching is also simpler, and the RF link is simpler. Therefore, FPC / LDS antennas generally perform better than bezel-type antennas.

[0111] Figure 37 The return loss curves for antennas 301, 302, and 303 are shown. It can be seen that, thanks to the large size and height of the camera decorative ring (metal ring structure 100), the return loss is less than -5dB across the wide frequency band and less than -10dB in the n104 frequency band. Figure 38 The figure shows the transmission coefficient curves between each pair of antennas 301, 302, and 303. It can be seen that the isolation in the n104 frequency band is greater than 13dB. Figure 39 The diagram shows the overall efficiency curves for antennas 301, 302, and 303. It can be seen that the overall efficiency of these three shared antennas is relatively high. The overall efficiency of antennas 301 and 303 is around -2 to -2.5 dB, while antenna 302 averages around -4 dB. This is significantly higher than the performance of frame-type antennas and FPC antennas. The lower efficiency of antenna 302 compared to antennas 301 and 303 is due to the harsher antenna environment at the 12 o'clock position. For example, the steel support structure present in electronic devices effectively reduces the ground clearance of the camera decorative ring by approximately 1 mm, resulting in a performance degradation. Additionally, it should be mentioned that the camera decorative ring is less affected by hand position and head / hand posture, thus allowing for the placement of as many high-frequency antennas as possible on the camera decorative ring, which is beneficial for improving the system performance of electronic devices.

[0112] Figure 40The diagram shows the current distribution at 6.425 GHz when port 31 of antenna 301 and port 32 of antenna 302 are excited respectively in this embodiment. As can be seen, similar to Embodiments 1 and 4, due to mode superposition, when port 31 is excited, the current is mainly concentrated on the feed structure corresponding to port 31 and the loop from 11 o'clock to 6 o'clock (11 o'clock to 6 o'clock in the rear view). The feed structure corresponding to port 32 is close to the current zero point, and port 32 has weak coupling energy and good isolation. Port 33 and its corresponding feed structure are entirely in the weak energy region, with very high isolation. When port 32 is excited, the current is mainly concentrated on the feed structure corresponding to 32 and the loop from 5 o'clock to 1 o'clock (5 o'clock to 1 o'clock in the rear view). The feed structure corresponding to port 33 is close to the current zero point, and port 33 has weak coupling energy and good isolation. Port 31 and its corresponding feed structure are entirely in the weak energy region, with high isolation.

[0113] In this embodiment, the camera decorative ring of the electronic device serves as a metal ring structure 100. Three feeding structures (which can all be first feeding structures, or include both first and second feeding structures) can be set on the camera decorative ring, thereby effectively utilizing the camera decorative ring as an antenna radiator and opening up new antenna design space. The electronic device provided in this embodiment includes three antennas corresponding to the camera decorative ring, three antennas set on the frame, and two FPC or LDS antennas, enabling the electronic device to have eight antennas, thus better realizing the layout of multiple antennas in the electronic device. Furthermore, the three antennas set on the frame can reduce the impact on traditional 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G antennas, reduce radio frequency complexity and matching, and reduce losses in terms of internal components, antenna modes, and clutter, which is beneficial to improving the overall system performance of the electronic device.

[0114] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of this application include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablet computers, smart wearable devices and other products.

[0115] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, include: The system includes a metal ring structure and at least two first power supply structures, wherein a first end of the first power supply structure is connected to the metal ring structure and a second end of the first power supply structure is grounded. Wherein, the antenna frequency bands corresponding to the at least two first feeding structures are all first antenna frequency bands, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first antenna frequency band is the first wavelength, the length between the first end and the second end is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength and less than 3 / 8 of the first wavelength, and the circumference of the metal ring structure is greater than or equal to the first wavelength.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumference of the metal ring structure is 0.5 times n times the first wavelength, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two first feeding structures include a first sub-feed structure and a second sub-feed structure. The line connecting the first sub-feed structure to the center of the metal ring structure is the first line, and the line connecting the second sub-feed structure to the center of the metal ring structure is the second line. The first line and the second line are perpendicular, or the first line and the second line are on the same straight line, or the angle between the first line and the second line is less than 90 degrees.

4. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes at least one second feeding structure, one end of which is connected to the metal ring structure, and the other end of which is grounded. The antenna frequency band corresponding to the second feeding structure is the second antenna frequency band, which is different from the first antenna frequency band.

5. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The distance between the metal ring structure and the ground is greater than 1 / 8 of the first wavelength.

6. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, There are two first power supply structures, the line connecting the two first power supply structures is a straight line, and the center of the metal ring structure is located on the straight line.

7. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The number of the first feeding structures is four, and the connection positions of the first ends of the four first feeding structures on the metal ring structure are equally spaced; or... The number of the first power supply structures is eight, and the connection positions of the first ends of the eight first power supply structures on the metal ring structure are equally spaced.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The metal ring structure is the decorative ring for the camera of the electronic device.

10. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a metal frame, on which at least one third feeding structure is connected. The antenna frequency band corresponding to the third feeding structure is a third antenna frequency band, which is different from the first antenna frequency band.

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