Anti-icing and ice-melting device for contact line
The contact line de-icing device, which combines solar panels and phase change materials with a metal film, solves the problems of mechanical damage, environmental pollution, and high energy consumption associated with traditional de-icing methods. It achieves energy-saving and safe de-icing effects and ensures the stability of power supply.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for de-icing contact lines suffer from problems such as mechanical damage, environmental pollution, high energy consumption, and significant impact on train operation.
A self-sufficient ice-melting device is achieved by combining solar panels and phase change materials (paraffin-based PCM, organic acid PCM, and salt hydrate PCM) with a metal film. It uses temperature and light sensing for precise heating, reducing reliance on external power supply.
To reduce operating and maintenance costs, ensure power supply stability, reduce energy consumption, avoid impacting train operation, and achieve efficient and safe de-icing.
Smart Images
Figure CN121663391A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of contact wire de-icing technology, specifically to an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires. Background Technology
[0002] The contact wire is a core component in electrified railways and urban rail transit systems, transmitting electrical energy to electric locomotives or EMUs. It is typically installed above the track and connected to the train via a pantograph to provide power. The core functions of the contact wire are stable conductivity and bearing mechanical stress. Its cross-section is usually designed as a grooved cylinder; the grooves on both sides are used to install clamps for fixing the wire, while the lower arc surface is the working surface, directly contacting the pantograph's sliding contact.
[0003] In response to the above and existing related technologies: Contact lines need to be used in various regions. Traditional de-icing methods mainly include mechanical de-icing, chemical de-icing, and electrothermal de-icing. Mechanical de-icing relies on manual or mechanical equipment to knock down the ice layer, which can easily damage the conductor surface and pose safety hazards. Chemical de-icing lowers the freezing point by spraying chemical agents, but may cause environmental pollution and conductor corrosion. Electrothermal de-icing requires an external power source to heat the conductor, often requiring the contact network to be shut down, affecting normal train operation, and also resulting in high energy consumption. Therefore, to address the above problems, an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines is proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines to solve the above-mentioned problems. By setting the entire device to use solar energy as the main energy source and cooperating with an energy storage device, it can achieve "self-sufficiency", reduce dependence on external power supply, and meet the requirements of energy conservation. Long-term use can significantly reduce the operation and maintenance costs of contact line de-icing, ensure the stability of power supply in winter, reduce the impact on normal train operation, and also reduce energy consumption.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines includes a circuit, the surface of which is covered by a housing, and two solar panels are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing. The inner surface of the housing has an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. A metal film is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing and covers the surface of the circuit. The inner walls of the outer, middle, and inner layers of the solar panels are respectively provided with paraffin-based PCM, organic acid PCM, and salt hydrate PCM.
[0006] Preferably, the inner surface of the housing is provided with insulating foam, a microcontroller is fixedly connected to the surface of the housing, a temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the housing, and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the solar panel, the metal film, and the temperature sensor.
[0007] Preferably, the surface of the solar panel is provided with a photosensitive sensor, the surface of the microcontroller and the surface of the photosensitive sensor are electrically connected, and the inner surface of the microcontroller is provided with a voltage regulator module.
[0008] Preferably, the surface of the outer casing is provided with two energy storage devices. Each energy storage device includes a fixed shell that is fitted onto the surface of the outer casing. Multiple clips are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixed shell, and two clips that are close to each other form a group. Multiple batteries are inserted into the inner surface of each group of clips. Guide plates are fixedly connected to the surface of the clips. Bending portions are formed on the surface of the clips. Multiple batteries are electrically connected to the surface of the microcontroller.
[0009] Preferably, the surface of the fixed shell is provided with a protective device, the protective device including a protective shell sleeved on the surface of the fixed shell, a plurality of limiting posts fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed shell, a plurality of elastic bands fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective shell, the elastic bands sleeved on the surface of the limiting posts, and a plurality of elastic strips fixedly connected to the inner surface of the protective shell.
[0010] Preferably, a sealing film is inserted into the inner surface of the fixed shell to block dust.
[0011] Preferably, a plurality of locking blocks are fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell near the bottom end of the fixed shell, and a plurality of elastic ropes are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed shell, with the elastic ropes looping around the surface of the locking blocks.
[0012] Preferably, the inner walls of the fixed shell and the outer shell are threaded together with multiple fixing pins.
[0013] Preferably, a plurality of insert blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the protective shell, and a storage block is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell near the insert blocks, with the insert blocks inserted into the inner surface of the storage block.
[0014] Preferably, the protective shell is a PP plastic protective shell.
[0015] The advantages of this invention are: In the above-mentioned solution, the contact wire de-icing device provided in this application can efficiently collect light energy through the solar panel inside the shell, and achieve gradient heat storage by combining three different types of phase change materials (paraffin-based PCM, organic acid PCM, and salt hydrate PCM). It can store heat during sunshine and release heat stably when there is a need for low-temperature de-icing, thus making up for the performance limitations of a single heat storage material. The metal film is directly attached to the surface of the line, which can accurately transfer the electrical energy converted from solar energy or energy storage into heat energy, and quickly melt the ice layer on the line. Temperature sensors monitor the ambient temperature inside the circuit and casing in real time, while photosensors detect the intensity of sunlight. After the data is synchronized to the microcontroller, the heating power of the metal film and the charging and discharging status of the energy storage device can be automatically adjusted. The built-in voltage regulator module of the microcontroller can also ensure the stability of the power supply, avoid the decrease in melting efficiency caused by sudden temperature changes or fluctuations in sunlight, realize "on-demand melting", and reduce energy waste. The energy storage device on the outer shell uses a "fixed shell + multiple clamping plates" design to securely hold multiple batteries. The bent part of the clamping plates enhances the clamping force on the batteries, while the guide plates ensure smooth current conduction. At the same time, the sealing film inside the fixed shell can prevent dust and moisture from entering, reduce the performance degradation of the batteries caused by pollution, and extend the life of the energy storage components. The fixed shell and the outer shell are connected by a fixed pin thread, and with the assistance of elastic rope and clamps, the connection is stable and easy to disassemble and repair. The clip-on battery installation method does not require complicated tools and can quickly replace the battery, reducing the difficulty and cost of outdoor maintenance. The protective shell outside the energy storage device can withstand outdoor collisions and scratches, while the elastic strip inside the protective shell can buffer external impacts and prevent the battery from being damaged by vibration. The cooperation between the elastic strip and the limiting post, as well as the positioning of the insertion block and the storage block, further ensures that the protective shell is installed firmly and prevents loosening caused by outdoor wind and rain. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a circuit in an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires. Figure 2 In a device for preventing and melting ice in contact wires Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 3 A bottom view of the circuit structure in an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the wiring in a contact wire anti-icing and de-icing device. Figure 5 In a device for preventing and melting ice in contact wires Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 6 This is a side view of the protective shell in an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines. Figure 7 In a device for preventing and melting ice in contact wires Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure at point C.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Circuit; 2. Solar panel; 3. Outer shell; 4. Outer layer; 5. Middle layer; 6. Inner layer; 7. Metal film; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Energy storage device; 91. Fixing shell; 92. Clip; 93. Battery; 94. Guide plate; 95. Bending part; 96. Sealing film; 97. Locking block; 98. Elastic rope; 99. Fixing pin; 10. Protective device; 101. Protective shell; 102. Limiting post; 103. Elastic band; 104. Storage block; 105. Insertion block; 106. Elastic strip; 11. Microcontroller.
[0019] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The following is a detailed description of an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines provided by the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments; those skilled in the art can also use other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.
[0021] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
[0022] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.
[0023] It is understood that the meanings of “on”, “above”, and “above” in this invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with an intervening feature or layer, and that “above” or “above” means not only “on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something without an intervening feature or layer.
[0024] Furthermore, spatially related terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” are used herein for convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Spatially related terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted similarly.
[0025] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an anti-icing and de-icing device for contact lines includes a line 1. The surface of the line 1 is covered by a shell 3, which isolates the internal components from outdoor wind, rain, dust, and low-temperature environments, providing basic protection for the entire device and ensuring stable operation of core components. Two solar panels 2 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell 3. The solar panels 2 efficiently collect outdoor sunlight, converting clean energy into electrical energy, reducing dependence on external power supply, achieving energy self-sufficiency, and lowering long-term operating costs. The inner surface of the shell 3 has an outer layer 4, a middle layer 5, and an inner layer 6. A metal film 7 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell 3, covering the surface of the line 1. The metal film 7 tightly adheres to the line 1, accurately transferring electrical or thermal energy to the surface of the line 1, significantly improving heat transfer efficiency, ensuring rapid melting of ice, and avoiding heat loss. The inner walls of the outer layer 4, middle layer 5, and inner layer 6 of the solar panels 2 are respectively provided with paraffin-based PCM, organic acid PCM, and salt hydrate PCM. These three phase change materials form a gradient heat storage structure due to their different phase change temperatures. It can store heat in layers when there is sufficient sunlight, and release heat stably during the low-temperature melting stage, making up for the narrow heat storage range of a single PCM. It is suitable for different environmental temperature requirements. The inner surface of the outer shell 3 is equipped with insulating foam. A microcontroller 11 is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell 3. As the core control unit, the microcontroller 11 can integrate various sensor data and regulate the operation of components to achieve "on-demand melting" and avoid energy waste. A temperature sensor 8 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer shell 3. The temperature sensor 8 can monitor the temperature of the circuit 1 and the inner temperature of the outer shell 3 in real time, and promptly detect the icing status of the circuit 1 to provide accurate temperature data to the microcontroller 11. The microcontroller 11 is electrically connected to the solar panel 2, the metal film 7, and the temperature sensor 8. A photosensitive sensor is provided on the surface of the solar panel 2. The photosensitive sensor can sense the outdoor sunlight intensity and transmit the signal to the microcontroller 11 to facilitate its optimization of the energy collection timing of the solar panel 2. The surface of the microcontroller 11 is electrically connected to the surface of the photosensitive sensor. A voltage regulator module is provided on the inner surface of the microcontroller 11.
[0026] In this embodiment, as Figures 3-5As shown, the surface of the outer shell 3 is provided with two energy storage devices 9. The dual energy storage device 9 design can realize redundant energy storage, avoid the interruption of de-icing caused by the failure of a single device, and ensure continuous power supply under extreme low temperature weather. The energy storage device 9 includes a fixed shell 91 that is fitted onto the surface of the outer shell 3. The fixed shell 91 provides a closed protective space for the internal battery 93 and components, isolating the core energy storage components from outdoor wind, rain, and dust. At the same time, it provides stable support for the subsequent assembly structure. Multiple clips 92 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixed shell 91, and two clips 92 that are close to each other form a group. Multiple batteries 93 are inserted into the inner surface of each group of clips 92. Guide plates 94 are fixedly connected to the surface of the clips 92. The surface of the clips 92 has a bending part 95. The bending part 95 can generate a continuous clamping force through elastic deformation. Even in the vibration environment of the outdoor line 1, the battery 93 can be firmly fixed between the clips 92, preventing the battery 93 from shifting. To address poor contact and simplify the battery 93 installation process, assembly can be completed without additional fastening tools. Multiple batteries 93 and microcontroller 11 are electrically connected to form a stable power supply circuit, providing continuous power support for the de-icing system. A dust-blocking sealing film 96 is inserted into the inner surface of the fixed shell 91. The sealing film 96 can balance the air pressure inside and outside the fixed shell 91, reduce internal condensation, and prevent short circuits or corrosion of the batteries 93 caused by dust and moisture. Multiple locking blocks 97 are fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell 3 near the bottom of the fixed shell 91. Multiple elastic ropes 98 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed shell 91. The elastic ropes 98 are sleeved on the surface of the locking blocks 97. The cooperation between the elastic ropes 98 and the locking blocks 97 can form an auxiliary fixing structure, absorbing the device's swaying under outdoor wind force and relieving the pressure on the fixing pins 99. Multiple fixing pins 99 are threadedly connected to the inner walls of the fixed shell 91 and the outer shell 3.
[0027] In this embodiment, as Figures 4-7As shown, the surface of the fixed shell 91 is provided with a protective device 10. The protective device 10 can provide secondary protection for the fixed shell 91 and the internal energy storage components, further resisting the damage to the energy storage system caused by complex outdoor environments. The protective device 10 includes a protective shell 101 that is fitted onto the surface of the fixed shell 91. The protective shell 101 can completely cover the surface of the fixed shell 91, forming an outer protective barrier 4, isolating the fixed shell 91 and the internal battery 93 from direct damage caused by outdoor wind, rain, dust, and bird strikes. Multiple limiting posts 102 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed shell 91, and multiple elastic bands 103 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective shell 101. The elastic bands 103 are fitted onto the surface of the limiting posts 102. The elastic bands 103 have good elasticity and can tightly fit the fixed shell 91 and the protective shell 101 through their own elasticity when fitted onto the surface of the limiting posts 102, which can prevent the protective shell from being damaged by strong outdoor winds. If the protective shell 101 shifts or falls off, it can absorb some of the impact force when the device vibrates with the line 1. Multiple elastic strips 106 are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the protective shell 101. The elastic strips 106 can undergo elastic deformation when the protective shell 101 is subjected to external impact (such as falling object impact or line 1 shaking collision), and disperse the concentrated impact force to the surface of the fixed shell 91, so as to avoid excessive local force causing the protective shell 101 to break or the internal battery 93 to be damaged by pressure. Multiple plugs 105 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the protective shell 101. A storage block 104 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell 91 near the plugs 105. The plugs 105 and the storage block 104 can achieve precise positioning of the bottom end of the protective shell 101, so as to avoid the protective shell 101 from shifting left and right during installation. The plugs 105 are inserted into the inner surface of the storage block 104. The protective shell 101 is a PP plastic protective shell 101.
[0028] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The outer casing 3 of the circuit 1 provides protection for the internal components. Two solar panels 2 fixed to its inner wall can collect outdoor light energy in real time and convert it into electrical energy. The photosensitive sensor on the surface of the solar panel 2 will synchronously monitor the solar intensity and transmit the light signal to the microcontroller 11 on the surface of the outer casing 3. The microcontroller 11 dynamically adjusts the energy collection efficiency of the solar panel 2 according to the light intensity (such as maximizing the power output when the sunlight is sufficient and switching to a low-power collection mode when the sunlight is weak). At the same time, the voltage regulator module built into the microcontroller 11 will regulate the voltage of the power output by the solar panel 2. To prevent voltage fluctuations from damaging electrical components such as the metal film 7 and temperature sensor 8, and to ensure power supply stability, the three types of PCM have different phase change temperatures (paraffin-based PCM has a lower phase change temperature, and salt hydrate PCM has a higher phase change temperature), which can form a "gradient heat storage structure": when the solar panel 2 outputs sufficient electrical energy (or the ambient temperature of line 1 is high), the excess energy will be converted into heat energy, which will be absorbed by the three layers of PCM and stored in the form of latent heat of phase change (at low temperatures, the paraffin-based PCM in the outer layer 4 stores heat first, and as the temperature rises, the PCMs in the middle layer 5 and the inner layer 6 store heat in sequence); when subsequent de-icing or ambient temperature needs to be adjusted, the heat storage structure can be utilized. When the temperature drops sharply, the three-layer PCM releases its stored heat energy sequentially according to temperature requirements to insulate line 1 or assist in de-icing, reducing reliance on immediate electrical energy. Temperature sensor 8 monitors the surface temperature of line 1 and the internal temperature of the outer casing 3 in real time, continuously transmitting temperature data (such as line 1 temperature below 0°C potentially freezing, temperature rising to the de-icing threshold, etc.) to microcontroller 11. Combined with the light data fed back by the photosensitive sensor, microcontroller 11 can comprehensively determine whether line 1 is in a "de-icing state" (such as when the temperature is below the freezing point and there is insufficient sunlight or insufficient heat storage in the PCM) or a "heat preservation state" (such as when the temperature is close to the freezing point). When the PCM still has heat storage at freezing point, the metal film 7 heats up rapidly after being energized, directly transferring the heat to the surface of the circuit 1 to efficiently melt the ice layer. If the temperature sensor 8 detects that the temperature of the circuit 1 rises back to a safe threshold (e.g., above 5°C, when the ice layer is completely melted), the microcontroller 11 will automatically cut off the power supply to the metal film 7 to avoid overheating and wasting energy. At the same time, the insulating foam on the inner wall of the outer shell 3 can reduce the heat generated by the metal film 7 from dissipating to the outside, improve the ice melting efficiency, and also isolate the current conduction between the metal film 7 and the outer shell 3 and the circuit 1 to prevent leakage hazards, ensuring that the entire ice melting process is safe, energy-saving and accurate. Outer Layer 4 Activation (Fast Response, 0-5 minutes): The PCM (2-2.5 mm thick, located on the outermost side of the dome, in direct contact with the environment) inside Outer Layer 4 solidifies when the temperature drops to 5°C, releasing latent heat and rapidly heating the surface of the conductor (heating slope of approximately 0.5-1°C / minute). Middle layer 5 activation (primary insulation, 5-15 minutes): If the ambient temperature continues to drop (below 2°C), the PCM (2.5-3mm thick, located in the middle) within middle layer 5 is triggered by the combined heat from outer layer 4 and ambient cold, solidifying and releasing greater latent heat to provide a continuous heat source. Heat is transferred through the interlayer interface, ensuring the conductor temperature remains stable at 2-5°C and preventing any ice buildup. Inner Layer 6 Activation (Extended Backup, 15-30 minutes): In extreme low temperatures (e.g., -20°C for 1 hour) or when heat demand increases, the PCM (2.5-3mm thick, close to the conductor surface) within Inner Layer 6 is activated as a "reserve layer" to replenish latent heat and extend the overall insulation time to 12-15 hours. The total latent heat output from layer-by-layer activation is approximately 800-1200kJ / kg, which is more uniform compared to single-layer PCM (single phase change, latent heat 300-400kJ / kg), avoiding material fatigue caused by thermal peaks. The battery 93 is pushed to compress the guide plate 94. Under pressure, the guide plate 94 moves the clamping plate 92, causing it to elastically deform at the bend 95. When the battery 93 moves to the preset installation position, the clamping plate 92, through its own elastic rebound, tightly compresses the surface of the battery 93, achieving a stable clamping of the battery 93. Subsequently, multiple sets of batteries 93 are connected in parallel and electrically connected to the microcontroller 11. After assembly, the sealing film 96 is laid flat on the inner surface of the fixing shell 91, and then the sealing film 96 is inserted into the fixing shell 91 to achieve a seal. Then, the fixing shell 91 is... A fixed housing 91 is mounted on the surface of the outer shell 3. By rotating the fixing pin 99, it passes through the fixing housing 91 and the inner wall of the outer shell 3 and is tightened to complete the installation and positioning of the fixing housing 91. Then, the elastic rope 98 is pulled to make the elastic rope 98 fit on the surface of the clip 97, which helps the fixing pin 99 to position the fixing housing 91. In the working state, when the system generates excess electrical energy, the microcontroller 11 will automatically charge the electrical energy into the battery 93 for storage; when it is necessary to power the metal film 7 for heating, the microcontroller 11 controls the battery 93 to release the stored electrical energy and transfer it to the metal film 7 to realize the on-demand release of energy. After the elastic band 103 on the upper surface of the protective shell 101 is fitted onto the surface of the limiting post 102, it will generate a continuous tensile force through its own elastic deformation, tightly fitting the upper part of the protective shell 101 to the surface of the fixed shell 91. This prevents the upper part of the protective shell 101 from shifting or lifting due to strong outdoor winds. At the same time, the elasticity of the elastic band 103 can accommodate the assembly errors between the fixed shell 91 and the protective shell 101, improving the fit. The insertion block 105 at the bottom of the protective shell forms a plug-in engagement with the storage block 104 on the surface of the fixed shell 91. When the insertion block 105 is inserted into the inner surface of the storage block 104, it can accurately position the lower part of the protective shell 101, avoiding left and right deviations during the installation of the protective shell 101. The insertion structure can reduce the bottom gap between the protective shell 101 and the fixed shell 91, reducing the seepage of rainwater and dust from the bottom and further enhancing the sealing and protection effect. When the protective shell 101 is subjected to external impact (such as impact from falling objects or collision caused by the shaking of line 1), the elastic strip 106 will preferentially undergo elastic deformation, converting the concentrated impact force into dispersed elastic potential energy, and then slowly releasing it to the surface of the fixed shell 91. This prevents the impact force from being directly transmitted to the battery 93 and clip 92 inside the fixed shell 91, preventing the battery 93 from shifting, the electrodes from falling off, or the shell from being damaged due to hard impact, thus ensuring the structural integrity and power supply stability of the energy storage component.
[0029] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.
[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires, comprising a line (1), characterized in that: The surface of the circuit (1) is covered with a shell (3). Two solar panels (2) are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell (3). An outer layer (4), a middle layer (5) and an inner layer (6) are provided on the inner surface of the shell (3). A metal film (7) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the shell (3). The metal film (7) is covered with the surface of the circuit (1). The inner walls of the outer layer (4), middle layer (5) and inner layer (6) of the solar panel (2) are respectively provided with paraffin-based PCM, organic acid PCM and salt hydrate PCM.
2. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the outer shell (3) is provided with insulating foam, and a microcontroller (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell (3). A temperature sensor (8) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the outer shell (3). The microcontroller (11) is electrically connected to the solar panel (2), the metal film (7), and the temperature sensor (8).
3. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the solar panel (2) is provided with a photosensitive sensor, the surface of the microcontroller (11) is electrically connected to the surface of the photosensitive sensor, and the inner surface of the microcontroller (11) is provided with a voltage regulator module.
4. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the outer shell (3) is provided with two energy storage devices (9). The energy storage device (9) includes a fixed shell (91) fitted on the surface of the outer shell (3). Multiple clips (92) are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the fixed shell (91), and two clips (92) that are close to each other form a group. Multiple batteries (93) are inserted into the inner surface of each group of clips (92). A guide plate (94) is fixedly connected to the surface of the clip (92). A bending part (95) is opened on the surface of the clip (92). The multiple batteries (93) are electrically connected to the surface of the microcontroller (11).
5. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the fixed shell (91) is provided with a protective device (10). The protective device (10) includes a protective shell (101) that is fitted onto the surface of the fixed shell (91). A plurality of limiting posts (102) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed shell (91). A plurality of elastic bands (103) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective shell (101). The elastic bands (103) are fitted onto the surface of the limiting posts (102). A plurality of elastic strips (106) are fixedly connected to the inner surface of the protective shell (101).
6. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing membrane (96) to block dust is inserted into the inner surface of the fixed shell (91).
7. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple locking blocks (97) are fixedly connected to the surface of the outer shell (3) near the bottom of the fixed shell (91), and multiple elastic ropes (98) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed shell (91). The elastic ropes (98) are looped around the surface of the locking blocks (97).
8. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner walls of the fixed shell (91) and the outer shell (3) are threaded with multiple fixing pins (99).
9. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the protective shell (101) is fixedly connected with a plurality of inserts (105), and a storage block (104) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell (91) near the inserts (105). The inserts (105) are inserted into the inner surface of the storage block (104).
10. The anti-icing and de-icing device for contact wires according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective shell (101) is a PP plastic protective shell (101).