Annular thin-wall part trepanning positioning tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, in particular to an annular thin-wall part trepanning positioning tool. An annular thin-wall part trepanning positioning tool can stably fix an annular thin-wall part, accurately position the axis and support rotation of the annular thin-wall part. The annular thin-wall part trepanning positioning tool comprises a mounting plate, a moving seat, a rotating shaft, a sliding plate, a power seat, a transmission shaft, a connecting disc and the like. A first T-shaped sliding groove penetrating through the mounting plate is transversely formed in the top of the mounting plate, and the left side of the top of the mounting plate is slidably connected with a moving seat through the first T-shaped sliding groove and can be fixed to the top of the mounting plate. The positioning bolt is screwed to move backwards, after the positioning bolt makes contact with the annular thin-wall part, the annular thin-wall part is pushed to move backwards, the rear side face of the annular thin-wall part makes contact with the arc-shaped chamfers on the two sides at the same time, and at the moment, the lengths from the two contact points of the annular thin-wall part and the arc-shaped chamfers to the axis of the annular thin-wall part are equal; and the contact points are symmetrically distributed, so that the annular thin-wall part is centered and fixed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of machining, in particular to a positioning tool for hole drilling of a ring-shaped thin-walled part. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of machining, hole drilling of a ring-shaped thin-walled part is a common process with high precision requirements. Such a ring-shaped thin-walled part usually needs to be drilled in multiple directions on its end face and circumferential side face. Due to its structural characteristics, the wall thickness is thin and the rigidity is poor, and in the machining process, deformation is easily caused by improper clamping or uneven stress, thereby affecting the hole position precision and overall machining quality.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for hole drilling of a ring-shaped thin-walled part in the industry. The first method is to use a three-jaw chuck to clamp and rotate the ring-shaped thin-walled part from its outer circle to achieve hole drilling on the end face or side face. Although this method can meet the needs of rotating the ring-shaped thin-walled part, it has obvious limitations in actual application: when drilling is needed on the side face near the area clamped by the three-jaw chuck or at a relative position, the clamp will interfere with the drill path, making it impossible to directly process, and it must rely on the machine to be equipped with a side tool path or additional side processing stations, which not only increases the cost of equipment, but also increases the complexity of process conversion and the risk of positioning errors.

[0004] The second method is to place the ring-shaped thin-walled part on a flat support table, press the upper end face tightly using a press plate or other fixing device, and then complete the end face hole drilling through the drill on the main shaft. This method is suitable for end face multi-hole processing, but once the circumferential side face of the ring-shaped thin-walled part needs to be drilled, the ring-shaped thin-walled part must be re-clamped and adjusted in position, usually requiring a change of clamps or turning over of the ring-shaped thin-walled part, resulting in interruption of processing, reduction of efficiency, and difficulty in ensuring the position accuracy and coaxiality requirements between the end face and side face holes during multiple clamping.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a positioning tool for hole drilling of a ring-shaped thin-walled part that can stably fix the ring-shaped thin-walled part, accurately position the axis, and support rotation of the ring-shaped thin-walled part. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a positioning tool for hole drilling of a ring-shaped thin-walled part that can stably fix the ring-shaped thin-walled part, accurately position the axis, and support rotation of the ring-shaped thin-walled part.

[0007] The technical implementation scheme of the present application is: an annular thin-walled part opening positioning tool, comprising a mounting plate, a moving seat, a rotating shaft, a sliding plate, a power seat, a transmission shaft, a connecting disc, an adapter block, a placement plate and a positioning bolt, a first T-shaped sliding groove is horizontally formed on the top of the mounting plate and penetrates the mounting plate, the moving seat is slidably connected to the left side of the top of the mounting plate through the first T-shaped sliding groove, the moving seat can be fixed on the top of the mounting plate, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the right side of the top of the mounting plate through the first T-shaped sliding groove, the sliding plate can be fixed on the mounting plate, a second T-shaped sliding groove is horizontally formed on the top of the sliding plate, the power seat is slidably connected to the top of the sliding plate through the second T-shaped sliding groove, the power seat can be fixed on the top of the sliding plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the moving seat, the transmission shaft coaxial with the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the power seat, the connecting disc is connected to the opposite ends of the transmission shaft and the rotating shaft, the adapter block is fixed on the opposite sides of the connecting disc, the placement plate is connected between the adapter blocks, the placement plate has a centering structure on the top, the annular thin-walled part is placed and centered through the centering structure, and the positioning bolt is arranged on the front side of the placement plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the centering structure comprises a placement groove formed on the top of the placement plate and a positioning groove formed on the rear side of the placement groove, and arc chamfers are arranged at the connecting positions of the positioning groove and the left and right sides of the placement groove.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the depth of the positioning groove is greater than the depth of the placement groove, the positioning groove is square, and the center line of the positioning groove is perpendicular to the horizontal diameter of the placement groove.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a circular hole penetrating the placement groove is formed at the center position of the placement groove.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, wedge chamfers are formed at the top edge positions of the placement groove and the positioning groove.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a counter-sunk groove is formed on the placement plate at the cap head position of the positioning bolt, and the depth of the counter-sunk groove is greater than the thickness of the cap head of the positioning bolt.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the rear end of the positioning bolt is provided with nylon.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the end compression member comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a fixing claw, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the placement plate at the left and right sides of the positioning groove, and the fixing claw is connected to the telescopic end of the top of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By tightening the positioning bolt and moving it backward, the positioning bolt contacts the annular thin-walled component, pushing the annular thin-walled component backward. This causes the rear outer arc surface of the annular thin-walled component to simultaneously contact the arc-shaped chamfers on both sides. At this time, the two contact points between the annular thin-walled component and the arc-shaped chamfers are equidistant from the axis of the annular thin-walled component, and the contact points are symmetrically distributed. The outer arc surface of the annular thin-walled component simultaneously contacts the positioning bolt and the three tangent points of the two arc-shaped chamfers, achieving precise, gapless centering. Each annular thin-walled component is centered and fixed in this way, improving the efficiency of fixing the annular thin-walled component and the accuracy of the opening of the annular thin-walled component. The rear end of the positioning bolt is provided with nylon, which can prevent the metal positioning bolt end from squeezing the outer circle of the annular thin-walled component and causing indentations. At the same time, nylon has a certain elastic deformation capacity. Directly using a rigid positioning bolt to hold the annular thin-walled component may cause shape changes in the thin-walled part. The elastic nylon contact can avoid this situation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention after the workpiece has been placed.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the placement plate of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning bolt and nylon of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the centering structure of the annular thin-walled component in this invention and an analysis diagram of its positioning error.

[0021] The components are: 1. Mounting plate, 2. First T-shaped slide, 3. Moving seat, 4. Rotating shaft, 5. Sliding plate, 6. Second T-shaped slide, 7. Power seat, 8. Drive shaft, 9. Connecting plate, 10. Adapter block, 11. Placement plate, 11a. Placement groove, 11b. Positioning groove, 11c. Arc chamfer, 11d. Countersunk groove, 11e. Wedge chamfer, 12. Positioning bolt, 12a. Nylon, 13. Hydraulic cylinder, 14. Fixing claw. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example: A positioning fixture for opening holes in annular thin-walled parts, such as... Figures 1-4As shown, the assembly includes a mounting plate 1, a movable seat 3, a rotating shaft 4, a sliding plate 5, a power seat 7, a transmission shaft 8, a connecting plate 9, an adapter block 10, a placement plate 11, and positioning bolts 12. A first T-shaped groove 2 is horizontally formed on the top of the mounting plate 1, passing through it. The movable seat 3 is slidably connected to the top left of the mounting plate 1 via the first T-shaped groove 2, and the movable seat 3 can be fixed to the top of the mounting plate 1. The sliding plate 5 is slidably connected to the top right of the mounting plate 1 via the first T-shaped groove 2, and the sliding plate 5 can be fixed to the mounting plate 1. By changing the distance between the sliding plate 5 and the movable seat 3, different sized annular thin-walled parts can be placed. A second T-shaped groove 6 is horizontally formed on the top of the sliding plate 5, and the power seat 7 is slidably connected to the top of the sliding plate 5 via the second T-shaped groove 6. The power seat 7 can be fixed to the top of the sliding plate 5. When there is a slight error in the installation position, the position of the power seat 7 can be adjusted. The rotating shaft 4 is horizontally rotatably mounted on the upper part of the movable seat 3. A transmission shaft 8, coaxial with the rotating shaft 4, is rotatably mounted on the power seat 7. The transmission shaft 8 and the rotating seat 4 are connected horizontally. Each of the rotating shafts 4 has a connecting plate 9 connected to one end of each shaft. Each of the connecting plates 9 has a connecting block 10 fixed to one side of each shaft. The upper surfaces of the connecting blocks 10 are on the same plane. A placement plate 11 connects the connecting blocks 10. The placement plate 11 is used to place the annular thin-walled component. The top of the placement plate 11 has a centering structure for centering the annular thin-walled component. A positioning bolt 12 is provided on the front side of the placement plate 11, extending rearward into the centering structure. The annular thin-walled component is placed at the centering structure of the placement plate 11, and then... The annular thin-walled component is pressed by the positioning bolt 12 to complete the centering operation. After the annular thin-walled component is centered and fixed, the drive shaft 8 is rotated by the power seat 7, which causes the placement plate 11 to rotate, thereby rotating the annular thin-walled component on it. This changes the position of the annular thin-walled component and drills holes in it. After the holes in the annular thin-walled component are drilled, the placement plate 11 and its device are rotated to a horizontal position by the power seat 7. Then the positioning bolt 12 is loosened, and the annular thin-walled component with the holes drilled is removed.

[0024] like Figure 3As shown, the centering structure consists of a placement groove 11a on the top of the placement plate 11, a positioning bolt 12 extending rearward into the placement groove 11a, and a positioning groove 11b on the rear side of the placement groove 11a. The positioning groove 11b connects to the left and right sides of the placement groove 11a with arc-shaped chamfers 11c. When the rear side of the annular thin-walled component contacts the arc-shaped chamfers 11c on both sides simultaneously, the annular thin-walled component is positioned. The depth of the positioning groove 11b is greater than the depth of the placement groove 11a, facilitating the machining of the positioning groove 11b. The positioning groove 11b is square, and its centerline is perpendicular to the horizontal diameter of the placement groove 11a, making the connection between the positioning groove 11b and the placement groove 11a symmetrical. Symmetry ensures that the annular thin-walled component meets the centering requirements. The annular thin-walled component is placed in the placement groove 11a. By tightening the positioning bolt 12, it moves backward. After the positioning bolt 12 contacts the annular thin-walled component, it pushes the annular thin-walled component backward, causing the rear outer arc surface of the annular thin-walled component to simultaneously contact the two arc-shaped chamfers 11c on both sides. At this time, the two contact points of the annular thin-walled component and the arc-shaped chamfers 11c are equidistant from the axis of the annular thin-walled component, and the contact points are symmetrically distributed. The outer arc surface of the annular thin-walled component simultaneously contacts the positioning bolt and the three tangent points of the two arc-shaped chamfers, achieving precise, gapless centering. Each annular thin-walled component is fixed in this way, improving both the efficiency of fixing the annular thin-walled component and the accuracy of the opening in the annular thin-walled component.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, a circular hole penetrating the placement groove 11a is provided at the center of the placement groove 11a, and impurities left by the hole opening operation of the annular thin-walled part can be quickly discharged through the circular hole.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, wedge-shaped chamfers 11e are provided at the top edges of the placement groove 11a and the positioning groove 11b to facilitate the placement of the annular thin-walled part.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, a countersunk groove 11d is provided on the placement plate 11 at the position of the head of the positioning bolt 12. The depth of the countersunk groove 11d is greater than the thickness of the head of the positioning bolt 12. The head of the positioning bolt 12 is embedded in the countersunk groove 11d, which can prevent the positioning bolt 12 from protruding and causing unnecessary trouble, while reducing the area of ​​the entire tooling.

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to prevent damage to the workpiece, the rear end of the positioning bolt 12 is provided with nylon 12a, which can prevent the metal positioning bolt 12 (with high hardness) end from squeezing the outer circle of the annular thin-walled part and causing indentation. At the same time, nylon 12a has a certain elastic deformation capacity. Directly using the rigid positioning bolt 12 to press against the annular thin-walled part may cause the shape of the thin-walled part to change. The contact of the elastic nylon 12a can avoid this situation.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the end clamping component includes a hydraulic cylinder 13 and a fixing claw 14. The hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly installed on the placement plates 11 on the left and right sides of the placement groove 11a by bolts. The telescopic end of the top of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the fixing claw 14 by bolts.

[0030] In use, first adjust the positions of the moving seat 3 and the power seat 7 according to the size of the annular thin-walled part being processed. Then, replace the workpiece with the placement plate 11. Next, place the workpiece in the placement groove 11a and tighten the positioning bolt 12 backward so that the rear side of the workpiece rests against the arc-shaped chamfer 11c for centering and fixing. Then, control the hydraulic cylinder 13 to press down. During the pressing process, the fixing claw 14 changes from being perpendicular to the placement plate 11 to being parallel to the placement plate 11. At this time, the end of the fixing claw 14 coincides with the annular thin-walled part in the vertical direction. Therefore, during the pressing process of the fixing claw 14, it is pressed tightly against the annular thin-walled part. The upper end face of the thin-walled part is fixed to the annular thin-walled part placed in the placement groove 11a, so that the annular thin-walled part will not be displaced when it rotates to change position. Then the hole-making operation can be started. During the hole-making operation, the power seat 7 can drive the placement plate 11 to rotate, thereby changing the position of the workpiece and realizing the purpose of drilling holes on the end face and side face of the workpiece. After the workpiece is drilled, the power seat 7 drives the placement plate 11 and its upper components to a horizontal state. Then the positioning bolt 12 is loosened, and at the same time the hydraulic cylinder 13 is controlled to drive the fixing claw 14 to move upward and reset, so as to unload the material.

[0031] Positioning accuracy analysis: To ensure high coaxiality and positioning accuracy of the annular thin-walled part during the hole-making process, this invention conducted a systematic positioning error analysis on the centering structure on the placement plate 11. Through geometric modeling and error propagation calculation, it was verified that the tooling can achieve accurate and stable axial positioning in actual use, meeting the requirements of precision machining.

[0032] exist Figure 5 In the diagram: Circle 01 is the design outer circle of the annular thin-walled component, with a radius of R1; Circle 04 is the actual outer circle of the annular thin-walled component, with a radius of R4; Circles O2 and O3 are the two large outer circles with two arc-shaped chamfers 11c, with equal radii of r and a distance of b between their centers; Line segments O1O2, O1O3, O2O3, O4O2, and O4O3 are the lines connecting the centers of each circle, point P is the perpendicular point of O1 and O4 on line segment O2O3, and Δ is the distance of O4 from O1.

[0033] In right triangle O1PO2, we have: In right triangle O4PO2, we have: Since points O1, O4, and P lie on the same line segment, we have: Given O1O2=R1+r, O2O4=R4+r, and O2P= Substituting into the above formula, we get: Based on existing experimental data, assuming the maximum permissible coaxiality error between the tested annular thin-walled component and the spindle center is 0.1 mm, and ignoring the influence of the outer circle shape error of the annular thin-walled component, the maximum permissible offset between the actual center and the designed center is: Δmax = 0.1 / 2 = 0.05 Taking a certain type of inner annular thin-walled component as an example, assuming its designed outer diameter is ϕ200, the diameter of the matching arc chamfer 11c is ϕ12, and the center distance b is 60, according to the formula, the actual allowable range of the annular thin-walled component's radius can be calculated to be 99.952≤R4≤100.048. That is, by controlling the outer diameter of the annular thin-walled component within the range of φ200±0.096, it can be ensured that after it is placed on the centering structure as required, the positioning accuracy of the annular thin-walled component meets the requirement of ≤0.1.

[0034] It should be understood that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that variations of the invention are included within the scope of the claims herein.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for opening holes in annular thin-walled parts, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a kind of ring thin-walled piece centering and placing devices, including mounting plate (1), mobile seat (3), rotating shaft (4), sliding plate (5), power seat (7), transmission shaft (8), connecting disc (9), adapter block (10), placing plate (11), positioning bolt (12) and end compression element, the first T-shaped sliding groove (2) is passed through being opened in the top of mounting plate (1) transversely, the mobile seat (3) is slidably connected by the first T-shaped sliding groove (2) in the top left side of mounting plate (1), the mobile seat (3) can be fixed in the top of mounting plate (1), the sliding plate (5) is slidably connected by the first T-shaped sliding groove (2) in the top right side of mounting plate (1), the sliding plate (5) can be fixed on mounting plate (1), the second T-shaped sliding groove (6) is opened in the top of sliding plate (5) transversely, the power seat (7) is slidably connected by the second T-shaped sliding groove (6) in the top of sliding plate (5), the power seat (7) can be fixed in the top of sliding plate (5), the rotating shaft (4) is rotatably installed on the mobile seat (3), the transmission shaft (8) coaxial with rotating shaft (4) is rotatably installed on the power seat (7), the connecting disc (9) is connected to the opposite end of transmission shaft (8) and rotating shaft (4), the opposite side of connecting disc (9) is fixed with adapter block (10), the placing plate (11) is connected between adapter block (10), the placing plate (11) top has centering structure, and ring thin-walled piece is placed by centering structure, the positioning bolt (12) is provided on the front side of placing plate (11), and the placing plate (11) on the both sides of centering structure is provided with the end compression element extending upwards.

2. The positioning tool for machining a hole in a thin-walled ring part according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering structure is the placing groove (11a) opened in the top of placing plate (11), and the positioning groove (11b) opened in the rear side of placing groove (11a), and the connecting position of positioning groove (11b) and the left and right sides of placing groove (11a) is provided with arc chamfer (11c).

3. The positioning tool for machining a hole in a thin-walled ring part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The depth of positioning groove (11b) is greater than the depth of placing groove (11a), the positioning groove (11b) is square, and the center line of positioning groove (11b) is perpendicular to the horizontal diameter of placing groove (11a).

4. The annular thin-walled part opening positioning fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The circular hole is opened in the center position of placing groove (11a) and penetrates placing groove (11a).

5. The annular thin-walled part opening positioning fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The wedge chamfer (11e) is opened in the top edge position of placing groove (11a) and positioning groove (11b).

6. The annular thin-walled part opening positioning fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The sink groove (11d) is opened in the placing plate (11) at the cap head position of positioning bolt (12), and the depth of sink groove (11d) is greater than the thickness of cap head of positioning bolt (12).

7. The ring-shaped thin-walled part positioning tooling of claim 6, wherein: The rear end of positioning bolt (12) is provided with nylon (12a).

8. The annular thin-walled part opening positioning fixture as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The end compression element includes hydraulic cylinder (13) and fixed claw (14), and the hydraulic cylinder (13) is installed on the placing plate (11) on the left and right sides of placing groove (11a), and the fixed claw (14) is connected to the telescopic end of the top of hydraulic cylinder (13).

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