Highly efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of metal casting technology, specifically to a highly efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device, comprising a base platform, an electrolytic cell, a working panel, raw material feeding equipment, electrolytic equipment, transfer and pouring equipment, material distribution equipment, mold equipment, and dust removal equipment. These components work together to complete rare earth raw material feeding, electrolytic melting, high-low level diversion casting, and metal ingot extrusion molding. The transfer and pouring equipment, in conjunction with the material distribution equipment, enables high-low level casting. The mold equipment, through a top forming unit and a sealing unit, completes the upper and lower parts of the metal ingot forming. This invention solves the problem of achieving efficient and safe casting of one mold at a high position and another mold at a low position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal casting technology, and more specifically to a highly efficient and safe demolding device for rare earth metal smelting. Background Technology

[0002] The smelting process of rare earth metals mainly involves the feeding of rare earth raw materials, electrolytic melting, and demolding of rare earth metal ingots. Among these, the demolding process involves a crucial sub-step: pouring molten rare earth metal into a mold to cast the ingot. For small-scale rare earth metal production, the shortcomings of existing technologies are particularly evident when pouring molten rare earth metal into molds to cast ingots. Due to production scale limitations, the transfer and casting of molten rare earth metal currently relies heavily on manual scooping and direct pouring into the mold. This method not only results in extremely low casting efficiency and the molten metal is prone to loss due to the instability of manual operation, but also, due to the characteristics of high-temperature molten metal, is highly susceptible to safety accidents such as splashing and burns during manual operation. Meanwhile, existing technologies related to the demolding process of rare earth metal ingots have also been disclosed in the Chinese patent database. For example, CN218192498U discloses a mold for easy demolding of rare earth metal profiles; another example is CN106623869B, which discloses an intelligent casting and demolding device and method for a six-axis robot in rare earth smelting.

[0003] In the process of casting and demolding molten rare earth metals: casting from a lower position into the mold can rely on the excellent fluidity of the molten metal to ensure complete filling of the mold cavity, resulting in a metal ingot with excellent density and uniform and dense internal structure, suitable for high-end products such as electronic components and rare earth permanent magnets that have stringent requirements for material purity, structural stability, and mechanical consistency; conversely, casting from a higher position into the mold can guide the metal ingot to form specific grain morphology and mechanical property parameters by controlling the falling impact energy and cooling rate gradient of the molten metal, thus adapting it to application scenarios with special requirements for hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance, such as mechanical transmission parts and rare earth alloy components for aerospace. However, the problem with the above-mentioned existing technologies (CN218192498U, CN106623869B) is that when casting two molds with different needs, it does not disclose how to achieve efficient and safe casting of one mold from a higher position and the other mold from a lower position, so as to meet the differentiated performance requirements of rare earth metal ingots in different products. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device, which solves the problem of how to efficiently and safely cast one mold at a high position and another mold at a low position.

[0005] This invention discloses a highly efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device, comprising a base platform, an electrolytic cell fixed on the base platform, a working panel at the upper opening of the electrolytic cell, and a central through hole in the working panel communicating with the opening of the electrolytic cell; a raw material feeding device fixed on one side of the base platform, with its discharge end positioned above the opening of the electrolytic cell to achieve rare earth raw material feeding; an electrolytic device mounted above the working panel via a support assembly, with its anode component extending through the central through hole in the working panel into the electrolytic cell to cooperate with the cathode at the bottom of the cell to complete the electrolytic melting of the rare earth raw material; a transfer and pouring device fixed on the working panel, with a scooping component for scooping out molten rare earth metal and pouring it into a distribution device to achieve high and low level casting operations; a distribution device fixed on the working panel and located within the pouring range of the transfer and pouring device for diverting molten rare earth metal; and a mold device located below the distribution device, with two receiving slots to receive the diverted molten rare earth metal.

[0006] As an optimized solution of this application: the dust removal equipment is fixed on one side of the base platform, and the dust removal equipment is connected to the electrolytic cell working area through a pipe to collect dust.

[0007] As a specific embodiment of this application: the raw material feeding equipment includes a placement box, with several legs evenly connected to the bottom of the placement box, and each leg equipped with casters at its lower end to enable the overall movement of the equipment. The side wall of the placement box has an observation hole for observing the internal situation. The top opening of the placement box is locked to a receiving hopper. A hopper serving as a material temporary storage unit is slidably fitted inside the cavity of the placement box, and a pipe at the outlet of the hopper is used to discharge the material. A vibration motor fixed to the placement box is installed on the outside of the hopper, and the vibration motor provides vibration power to the hopper. Several buffer springs are connected between the hopper and the inner wall of the placement box.

[0008] As a specific embodiment of this application: the electrolysis equipment includes a support assembly and an anode component. The anode component is connected to the support assembly and forms a sliding fit relationship. The anode component can slide smoothly along the height direction of the support assembly. The support assembly has a power transmission function, which can drive the anode component slidably connected to it to achieve rising and falling movements.

[0009] As a more specific embodiment of this application: the support assembly includes a support column, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a top seat for mounting pulley-like components; two first fixed pulleys are mounted above the top seat, and a third fixed pulley is mounted below it; a sliding groove is provided around the support column, and the anode component slides and reciprocates along the groove; a second mounting seat is fixedly connected to the anode component, on which a fourth fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley are mounted; a first mounting seat is provided on the side of the support column and below the sliding groove, on which a servo motor is fixed, and a wire rope is driven to rotate by the servo motor output end; one end of a wire rope is fixedly wound around the wire rope, and the other end passes sequentially around the two first fixed pulleys, the second fixed pulley, the third fixed pulley, and the fourth fixed pulley, and the end is fixedly connected to the top seat to form a complete transmission structure.

[0010] As a more specific embodiment of this application: the anode component includes a fixing frame, the end of which is slidably engaged with a groove in the support assembly, and the fixing frame is fixedly connected to the anode rod.

[0011] As a specific embodiment of this application: the transfer and unloading device includes a slide rail vertically fixed to the working panel, a screw vertically arranged in the slide rail groove, the lower end of the screw being rotatably connected to the working panel, and the upper end of the screw being drively connected to the output end of a first motor fixed to the upper end of the slide rail. The first motor is used to drive the screw to rotate around its own axis; a lifting plate is threadedly connected to the screw and slidably connected to the slide rail, and moves vertically up and down along the slide rail as the screw rotates; a second motor is fixed on the upper part of the lifting plate, and the output end of the second motor is connected to a third motor. The second motor is used to drive the third motor and subsequent components to rotate horizontally; the output end of the third motor is fixed to a support arm, and a scoop is fixed on the support arm. The third motor is used to drive the support arm and the scoop to rotate vertically.

[0012] As a specific embodiment of this application: the material distribution equipment includes a liquid distribution tank fixed to the working panel and arranged at an angle, with a first liquid distribution port at the bottom and a second liquid distribution port at the top; during the flipping and moving process of the scoop of the transfer and pouring equipment, the height gradually rises, and when it is at a low position, molten rare earth metal is poured into the first liquid distribution port, and when it is at a high position, it is poured into the second liquid distribution port. The molten rare earth metal falls into the corresponding receiving tank of the mold equipment through the corresponding liquid distribution port, thereby realizing the diversion and pouring.

[0013] As a specific embodiment of this application: the mold equipment includes a top forming unit fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid distribution tank of the material distribution equipment. The top forming unit integrates two pouring ports, which are respectively aligned with the first liquid distribution port and the second liquid distribution port of the liquid distribution tank to receive the molten rare earth metal after distribution. A mold plate is provided directly below the top forming unit, and two receiving grooves are opened on the mold plate. The two receiving grooves are respectively aligned with the two pouring ports of the top forming unit to ensure accurate material flow. A sealing unit is arranged directly below the mold plate. The top structure of the sealing unit is adapted to the bottom of the mold plate to form a seal at the bottom ports of the two receiving grooves. The sealing unit is linked to the mold plate and can output an upward driving force to lift the mold plate closer to the top forming unit. The top forming unit and the sealing unit extrude and form the top and bottom of the rare earth metal in the receiving groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] This application addresses the challenge of efficiently and safely casting one mold at a higher position and another at a lower position. The transfer and pouring equipment utilizes multiple motors to achieve precise multi-dimensional movements of the scoop, and in conjunction with the high and low liquid distribution ports of the material distribution equipment, it can accurately divert molten metal to the corresponding mold receiving tank to prevent leakage. Furthermore, the integrated design of the equipment allows for seamless connection of the scooping, transfer, casting, and resetting actions, achieving continuous casting at both high and low positions and smooth circulation to improve overall operational efficiency. Automated mechanical operation reduces direct contact between personnel and high-temperature materials, and the accompanying dust removal equipment collects operational dust, effectively reducing safety risks and environmental impact. In addition, the precise temperature control of the electrolysis equipment ensures the quality of raw materials, and the stability of the transfer and distribution structure further reduces the risk of malfunctions and spills, ensuring overall reliable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the raw material feeding device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blasting structure of the raw material feeding device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrolysis equipment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the support assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material transfer and unloading device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material distribution equipment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the material sorting equipment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mold equipment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mold equipment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top molding unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the boss of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mold plate of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the cold water pipeline layout of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing unit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 17 This is a diagram showing the usage status of the sealing unit of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Base platform; 2. Electrolytic cell; 3. Working panel; 4. Pipeline; 5. Placement box; 6. Support leg; 7. Caster wheel; 8. Observation hole; 9. Receiving hopper; 10. Locking rail; 11. Hopper; 12. Sliding chute; 13. Vibration motor; 14. Buffer spring; 15. Support column; 16. Top seat; 17. First fixed pulley; 18. Third fixed pulley; 19. Sliding chute; 20. Second mounting base; 21. Fourth fixed pulley; 22. Second fixed pulley; 23. First mounting base; 24. Steering motor; 25. Wire coil; 26. Wire rope; 27. Fixing frame; 28. Anode rod; 29. ​​Slide rail; 30. Lifting plate; 31. Screw. 31. Rod; 32. First motor; 33. Second motor; 34. Third motor; 35. Mounting base; 36. Support arm; 37. Scoop; 38. Liquid distribution tank; 39. First liquid distribution port; 40. Second liquid distribution port; 41. Receiving plate; 42. Connecting column; 43. Pouring port; 44. Boss; 45. Drainage part; 46. Extrusion part; 47. Locking bolt; 48. Mold plate; 49. Receiving tank; 50. Sliding pin; 51. Release spring; 52. Cold water pipeline; 53. Electric telescopic cylinder; 54. Lifting plate; 55. Pressing block; 56. Sealing plate; 57. Sealing hole; 58. Support spring; 59. Limit bolt; 60. Dust removal equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To clearly understand the technical solution of this application, the following will describe in detail an efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device provided by this application, in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1: This example provides a highly efficient and safe demolding device for rare earth metal smelting, referencing... Figure 1-2 , Figure 1 The diagram shown is a partial structural schematic of this application, while Figure 2The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of this application. As can be seen from the two figures above, the device includes a base platform 1, which serves as the overall supporting foundation for the device. All functional components are directly or indirectly mounted on the base platform 1. An electrolytic cell 2 is fixedly assembled in the central area of ​​the base platform 1. A working panel 3 is provided at the opening at the top of the electrolytic cell 2. The central through-hole of the working panel 3 is connected to the opening. The working panel 3 serves as the direct mounting carrier for the electrolysis equipment and the material transfer equipment, while also providing an operating area for electrolysis operations and material transfer. A raw material feeding device is fixed to one side of the base platform 1 via an independent support structure. The discharge end of the raw material feeding device is connected to the area corresponding to the working panel 3 of the electrolytic cell 2 via a pipe 4. The end of the pipe 4 extends beyond the working panel 3 and is positioned above the opening of the electrolytic cell 2, thereby enabling the feeding of rare earth raw materials into the electrolytic cell 2. The main structure of the electrolysis equipment is mounted on the working panel 3 of the electrolysis cell 2 via a support assembly. The anode component of the electrolysis equipment passes through the central through hole of the working panel 3 and extends into the interior of the electrolysis cell 2, where it cooperates with the cathode located at the bottom of the electrolysis cell 2 to complete the electrolytic melting operation of rare earth raw materials. The transfer and pouring equipment is directly fixed on the working panel 3 of the electrolytic cell 2. The retrieval component of the transfer and pouring equipment is used to retrieve the molten rare earth metal after electrolysis and pour it into the distribution equipment, thereby realizing the transfer and pouring action of "first pouring at a higher position on one side of the distribution equipment, and then pouring at a lower position on the other side of the distribution equipment". The distribution equipment is fixedly installed on the working panel 3 and is located within the pouring operation range of the transfer and pouring equipment. The mold equipment is located below the distribution equipment. The mold equipment is equipped with two receiving tanks 49 with different requirements. The diversion function of the distribution equipment (the main necessity of the distribution equipment is diversion to avoid the situation where the molten rare earth metal does not flow into the receiving tank 49) is used to transfer the molten rare earth metal received at the higher position to one of the receiving tanks 49, and transfer the molten rare earth metal received at the lower position to the other receiving tank 49. The dust removal device 60 is connected to the working area corresponding to the working panel 3 of the electrolytic cell 2 (i.e., near the upper opening of the electrolytic cell 2) through the pipe 4. The main body of the dust removal device 60 is fixed on one side of the base platform 1 and is used to collect the dust generated during the electrolysis and pouring process. For example, in this embodiment, a high-temperature pulse bag dust collector of model GMC60-2 is directly used.

[0036] For details, please refer to Figure 3-4 ,in, Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the raw material feeding equipment, while Figure 4The diagram shows an exploded view of the raw material feeding device. As can be seen, the device includes a placement box 5, which serves as the main load-bearing component. Several support legs 6 (four in this embodiment) are evenly connected to the bottom of the placement box 5. Each support leg 6 is equipped with a caster wheel 7 at its lower end, enabling overall movement of the device. An observation hole 8 is also provided on the side wall of the placement box 5 for observing the internal condition. A receiving hopper 9 is connected to the top opening of the placement box 5 via a locking rail 10. The locking rail 10 positions and locks the receiving hopper 9, preventing it from shifting or falling off during material receiving and ensuring stable material delivery to subsequent structures. A hopper 11 slides within the internal cavity of the placement box 5, serving as a temporary material storage unit. A sliding groove 12 is provided on the side wall of the placement box 5. One end of a pipe 4 connects to the outlet of the hopper 11, and the other end extends outward through the sliding groove 12 for material discharge. A vibration motor 13 (fixed to the placement box 5) is installed on the outside of the hopper 11 to provide vibration power for the hopper 11. Several buffer springs 14 are also connected between the inner wall of the hopper 11 and the placement box 5 to buffer the impact force when the hopper 11 vibrates and maintain vibration stability. When the vibration motor 13 drives the hopper 11 to vibrate, the hopper 11 will drive the pipe 4 to move synchronously. At this time, the pipe 4 can move back and forth along the extension direction of the sliding groove 12 to ensure the smoothness of the material discharge process.

[0037] Based on the above connections, the working principle of the raw material feeding equipment is as follows:

[0038] Step 1: The equipment is moved to the designated position by the casters 7, and the receiving hopper 9 is fixed to the placement box 5 by the locking rail 10, thus completing the assembly and positioning.

[0039] Step 2: Rare earth raw materials are temporarily stored in silo 11 after being fed into the receiving hopper 9. The material status in silo 11 can be viewed through the observation hole 8.

[0040] Step 3: Start the vibration motor 13 to drive the hopper 11 to vibrate, so that the material moves toward the discharge port, and the buffer spring 14 helps to maintain vibration stability.

[0041] Step 4: The hopper 11 drives the pipe 4 to move along the sliding groove 12 of the placement box 5, and the material is smoothly discharged through the pipe 4.

[0042] Step 5: The end of pipe 4 is located above the opening of electrolytic cell 2, and the material finally falls accurately into electrolytic cell 2, completing the feeding process.

[0043] For details, please refer to Figure 5The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the electrolysis equipment. As can be seen, the equipment comprises two parts: a support assembly and an anode component. The support assembly serves as the mounting and supporting structure for the anode component. The anode component is connected to the support assembly, forming a slidable fit, allowing it to slide smoothly along the height of the support assembly. Simultaneously, the support assembly, utilizing its own power transmission function, drives the slidably connected anode component, achieving upward and downward movements to adjust the depth of the anode component within the electrolytic cell 2. A more detailed scheme is as follows:

[0044] Among them, further integration Figure 6 The partial structural diagram of the support assembly shown in the figure includes a support column 15, which serves as a support member. The upper end of the support column 15 is fixedly connected to a top seat 16, which serves as the top mounting carrier for pulley-type components. Two first fixed pulleys 17 are fixedly mounted on the top of the top seat 16, and a third fixed pulley 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top seat 16. A groove 19 is machined on the peripheral surface of the support column 15, and the anode component is connected to the groove 19 in a sliding fit, allowing it to reciprocate along the extension direction of the groove 19. A second mounting base 20 is fixedly connected to the anode component, and a fourth fixed pulley 21 and a third fixed pulley 28 are mounted on the second mounting base 20. The second fixed pulley 22, the fourth fixed pulley 21, the second fixed pulley 22 and the second mounting base 20 are all fixedly connected; the first mounting base 23 is fixedly installed on the side of the bearing column 15 and the area below the slide groove 19. The servo motor 24 is fixed on the first mounting base 23. The wire winding roller 25 is connected to the output end of the servo motor 24 and is driven by the servo motor 24 to rotate. One end of the wire rope 26 is wound and fixed on the wire winding roller 25, and the other end passes through the two first fixed pulleys 17, the second fixed pulley 22, the third fixed pulley 18 and the fourth fixed pulley 21 in sequence. Finally, the end of the wire rope 26 is fixedly connected to the top seat 16 to form a complete transmission connection.

[0045] The structure of the anode component is based on the core support of the fixed frame 27. The end of the fixed frame 27 is slidably connected to the slide groove 19. The fixed frame 27 is fixedly connected to the anode rod 28, together forming the main body of the "frame and rod".

[0046] Based on the above connections, the working principle of the electrolysis equipment is as follows:

[0047] Step 1: The support assembly is fixed above the working panel 3 of the electrolytic cell 2; the end of the anode component fixing bracket 27 is slidably connected to the slide groove 19 of the bearing column 15, and the anode rod 28 is in the initial upper position.

[0048] Step 2: Start the servo motor 24 to drive the wire winding roller 25 to rotate. The wire rope 26 is wound up through the first fixed pulley 17, the second fixed pulley 22, the third fixed pulley 18, and the fourth fixed pulley 21, which drives the anode component to slide down the slide groove 19. The anode rod 28 passes through the through hole of the working panel 3 and extends into the electrolytic cell 2 to cooperate with the cathode at the bottom of the cell.

[0049] Step 3: After the raw material is fed into the electrolytic cell 2, the anode and cathode work together to complete the rare earth electrolytic melting. When the depth needs to be adjusted, the servo motor 24 drives the roller to rotate forward and backward, controls the wire rope 26 to be wound and released, and drives the anode component to rise and fall along the slide 19 to adjust the depth of the anode rod 28.

[0050] Step 4: After electrolysis is completed, the servo motor 24 drives the roller to reverse, the wire rope 26 is released, the anode component slides up the slide groove 19, the anode rod 28 is removed from the electrolysis cell 2, and resets to the initial upper position.

[0051] The present invention, by setting up an electrolysis device, has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] First, it enables precise adjustment of the depth of the anode rod 28 into the electrolytic cell 2, optimizing the rare earth electrolysis melting effect; second, the transmission structure makes the anode move smoothly, improving operational stability and ease of operation; third, the anode can be reset to the initial position, facilitating work cycles and improving work efficiency; fourth, multiple pulleys with a unique winding direction disperse tension and reduce wear on the wire rope 26, extending the service life of the transmission structure.

[0053] For details, please refer to Figure 7The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the transfer and unloading device. As can be seen, the device includes a slide rail 29, which is vertically fixed to the working panel 3, serving as a sliding guide for the lifting plate 30. A screw 31 is vertically arranged within the groove of the slide rail 29. The lower end of the screw 31 is rotatably connected to the working panel 3, and the upper end of the screw 31 is driven by the output end of the first motor 32, allowing it to rotate around its own axis. The first motor 32 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slide rail 29 to drive the screw 31 to rotate. The lifting plate 30 is threadedly connected to the screw 31 and slidably connected to the slide rail 29. With the rotation of the screw 31, the lifting plate 30 can perform stable vertical lifting and lowering movements along the slide rail 29. A second motor 33 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the lifting plate 30. The output end of the second motor 33 is driven by the mounting base 35 of the third motor 34, driving the third motor 34 and subsequent components (such as the ladle 37) to rotate horizontally. The output end of the third motor 34 is fixedly connected to one end of the support arm 36 and the other end is fixedly connected to the ladle 37. The support arm 36 is the component that transmits power and supports the ladle 37, while the third motor 34 is used to drive the support arm 36 and the ladle 37 to perform vertical flipping. Through the combined action of the first motor 32, the second motor 33, the third motor 34, and other components, the ladle 37 can synchronously achieve vertical lifting, horizontal rotation, and vertical flipping actions with the support arm 36.

[0054] For details, please refer to Figure 8 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the material distribution equipment. As can be seen, the equipment includes a dispensing tank 38, which is fixedly connected to the working panel 3 and is arranged at an angle. A first dispensing port 39 is provided at the bottom of the dispensing tank 38, and a second dispensing port 40 is provided at the top. (Combined with...) Figure 9 The diagram shows the usage status of the material distribution equipment. When the material distribution equipment is in use, once the ladle 37 is in position s1 (which corresponds to the bottom side of the liquid distribution tank 38), the ladle 37 is flipped under the drive of the third motor 34. At this time, the ladle 37 will gradually move and pass through the first liquid distribution port 39 and the second liquid distribution port 40 of the liquid distribution tank 38 in sequence (when the ladle 37 is opposite to the first liquid distribution port 39 and the second liquid distribution port 40, it is in positions s2 and s3 respectively). During this process, the height of the ladle 37 gradually rises synchronously. When the ladle 37 is around position s2 (low position), molten rare earth metal is poured into the first liquid distribution port 39 of the liquid distribution tank 38. When the ladle 37 is around position s3 (high position), molten rare earth metal is poured into the second liquid distribution port 40 of the liquid distribution tank 38. The molten rare earth metal passing through the first liquid distribution port 39 and the second liquid distribution port 40 falls into the corresponding receiving tank 49 of the mold equipment.

[0055] Based on the above connections, the working principle of the combined use of the transfer and unloading equipment and the distribution equipment is as follows:

[0056] Step 1: The first motor 32 of the transfer and pouring device drives the screw 31 to rotate, which drives the lifting plate 30 to descend vertically along the slide rail 29, so that the scoop 37 extends into the electrolytic cell 2; then the second motor 33 adjusts the horizontal position of the scoop 37, and the third motor 34 drives the support arm 36 to flip, so that the scoop 37 can pick up the molten rare earth metal after electrolysis.

[0057] Step 2: The first motor 32 drives the lifting plate 30 to rise, taking the scoop 37 away from the electrolytic cell 2; the second motor 33 drives the third motor 34 and the scoop 37 to rotate horizontally, so that the scoop 37 moves to position s1 of the material distribution device.

[0058] Step 3: The ladle 37 is gradually rotated under the drive of the third motor 34, and at the same time moves up to position s2 (corresponding to the first liquid outlet 39 at the low position of the liquid distribution tank 38) along with the lifting plate 30. At this time, the ladle 37 pours molten rare earth metal into the first liquid outlet 39. After the material is diverted by the material distribution equipment, it falls into one of the receiving tanks 49 of the mold equipment.

[0059] Step 4: The ladle 37 continues to move upward to position s3 (corresponding to the second liquid outlet 40 at the high position of the liquid distribution tank 38), and pours molten rare earth metal into the second liquid outlet 40 while maintaining the flipped state; after the material is diverted by the material distribution equipment, it falls into another receiving tank 49 of the mold equipment to avoid the material not being accurately placed into the tank.

[0060] Step 5: After the pouring is completed, the third motor 34 drives the ladle 37 to reset, the second motor 33 drives the ladle 37 to rotate horizontally and leave the material distribution equipment area, and the first motor 32 drives the lifting plate 30 to descend so that the ladle 37 returns to the initial low position, ready for the next material scooping-pouring cycle.

[0061] Based on the above connections, the overall beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0062] This application addresses the challenge of efficiently and safely casting one mold at a higher position and another at a lower position. The transfer and pouring equipment utilizes multiple motors to achieve precise multi-dimensional movements of the scoop 37. Combined with the high and low liquid distribution ports of the material distribution equipment, it can accurately divert molten metal to the corresponding mold receiving tank 49 to prevent leakage. Furthermore, the integrated design of the equipment allows for seamless connection between the scooping, transfer, casting, and resetting actions, achieving continuous casting at both high and low positions and smooth circulation to improve overall operational efficiency. The automated mechanical operation reduces direct contact between manual labor and high-temperature materials. The accompanying dust removal equipment 60 collects operational dust, effectively reducing safety risks and environmental impact. In addition, the precise temperature control of the electrolysis equipment ensures the quality of raw materials and the stability of the transfer and distribution structure, further reducing the risk of malfunctions and spills, ensuring overall reliable operation.

[0063] For details, please refer to Figure 10-11 , Figure 10The diagram shown is a schematic of the installation structure of the mold equipment, while Figure 11 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the mold equipment. As can be seen from the two figures above, the mold equipment includes a top forming unit, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution tank 38. The top forming unit integrates two pouring ports 43, which are aligned one-to-one with the first distribution port 39 and the second distribution port 40 at the bottom of the distribution tank 38, respectively, to receive the material diverted by the distribution tank 38. A mold plate 48 is positioned directly below the top forming unit, and the mold plate 48 has two receiving grooves 49, which are aligned one-to-one with the two pouring ports 43 of the top forming unit, allowing the material conveyed through the distribution tank 38 and the pouring ports 43 to flow precisely into the corresponding receiving grooves 49. The sealing unit is located directly below the mold plate 48. The top structure of the sealing unit is adapted to the bottom of the mold plate 48 to form a seal at the bottom ports of the two receiving grooves 49 on the mold plate 48. At the same time, the sealing unit and the mold plate 48 are linked. The sealing unit can output an upward driving force to lift the mold plate 48 upward and move it closer to the top forming unit. Then, the structure of the top forming unit will extrude the rare earth metal top in the receiving groove 49 to form the desired shape.

[0064] More specifically, combined Figure 12 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural representation of the top molding unit. The main component of this top molding unit is a receiving plate 41. A connecting column 42 is fixedly mounted on the receiving plate 41, and the connecting column 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution tank 38, thereby achieving the assembly and fixation of the top molding unit and the distribution tank 38. The receiving plate 41 has two pouring ports 43 and a boss 44 (…). Figure 13 (A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the boss 44 is shown in the figure) It is placed inside the pouring port 43, and the boss 44 integrates a flow guide 45 and a pressing part 46. The structure of the boss 44 is adapted to the contour of the pouring port 43. The flow guide 45 is inclined to facilitate the flow of molten rare earth metal. The locking bolt 47 penetrates the two sides of the receiving plate 41 corresponding to the pouring port 43 in a threaded manner, and the locking bolt 47 and the boss 44 form an abutting connection to lock the position of the boss 44 in the pouring port 43. At the same time, according to the process requirements, the position height of the boss 44 in the pouring port 43 can be changed by turning and adjusting the locking bolt 47. The boss 44 at different positions and heights can be used to press the rare earth metal in the receiving groove 49, thereby forming grooves of different depths on the top of the rare earth metal ingot.

[0065] For more specific details, please refer to Figure 14The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the mold plate 48. As can be seen, the main body of the structure is the mold plate 48, which has a vertical sliding channel adapted to the sliding pin 50. The sliding pin 50 is slidably inserted into this sliding channel, allowing for stable vertical sliding along the channel. A release spring 51 connects the sliding pin 50 and the mold plate 48, specifically fitted within the rod area of ​​the sliding pin 50 located within the sliding channel of the mold plate 48. Simultaneously, the free end of the sliding pin 50 (the end extending out of the mold plate 48) is fixedly connected to the receiving plate 41 of the top forming unit. When the sealing unit outputs driving force to lift the mold plate 48 towards the top forming unit, the mold plate 48 slides upward relative to the sliding pin 50, compressing the release spring 51. After the groove at the top of the metal ingot is formed and the sealing unit is reset, the elastic restoring force of the release spring 51 drives the mold plate 48 to slide downward relative to the sliding pin 50, achieving automatic reset of the mold plate 48.

[0066] In the demolding process of rare earth metal smelting, the traditional natural cooling method is inefficient after the mold equipment's receiving tank 49 receives the molten rare earth metal, which can slow down the subsequent forming and demolding operations and affect the overall production efficiency. To solve this problem, this embodiment has made targeted optimizations to the structure of the mold plate 48, as detailed below:

[0067] refer to Figure 15 The diagram shows the arrangement of the cold water pipe 52. As can be seen from the diagram, the cold water pipe 52 is serpentinely arranged inside the mold plate 48. The two ports of the cold water pipe 52 extend to the outside of the mold plate 48 and are placed in the matching cold water tank (the cold water tank and the pump body used for water supply in the tank are not shown in the attached diagram). During operation, cold water is supplied to one port of the cold water pipe 52 through the pump body. With the help of heat exchange between the cold water pipe 52 and the mold plate 48, the temperature of the molten metal in the receiving tank 49 can be quickly reduced, achieving efficient cooling.

[0068] More specifically, in the actual demolding process of rare earth metal smelting, with the diversification of product process requirements, in addition to forming grooves on the top of the rare earth metal ingot, in some scenarios it is also necessary to extrude and form grooves on the bottom of the metal ingot to adapt to the requirements of subsequent processing or application. To adapt to the above process requirements, this embodiment has made targeted optimizations to the structure of the sealing unit. While retaining its original functions of "sealing and blocking the bottom of the receiving groove 49 and lifting the mold plate 48 upwards", a new extrusion forming structure for the bottom of the rare earth metal ingot has been added, so as to simultaneously meet the forming requirements of the top and bottom grooves. The specific structure of the sealing unit is as follows.

[0069] refer to Figure 16The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the sealing unit. As can be seen, the sealing unit includes an electric telescopic cylinder 53, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate 54. The electric telescopic cylinder 53 can output driving force to drive the lifting plate 54 to rise and fall. A pressing block 55 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting plate 54. A sealing hole 57 adapted to the pressing block 55 is provided on the sealing plate 56. The pressing block 55 slides through the sealing hole 57 and can reciprocate along the vertical axis of the sealing hole 57. Furthermore, the two sealing holes 57 on the sealing plate 56 correspond one-to-one with the two receiving grooves 49 on the mold plate 48, allowing the pressing block 55 to fit and seal the bottom port of the receiving groove 49. The support spring 58 is connected between the sealing plate 56 and the lifting plate 54, with its two ends connected to the bottom of the sealing plate 56 and the top of the lifting plate 54, respectively. The limiting bolt 59 is connected to the lifting plate 54 by a thread. The limiting bolt 59 extends vertically upward, with its top facing the bottom of the sealing plate 56. When the sealing plate 56 is squeezed by the lifting plate 54, the support spring 58 can be compressed, and the elastic force of the support spring 58 is less than the elastic force of the release spring 51.

[0070] In the initial state (when the sealing plate 56 is not in contact with the mold plate 48 or is in contact but not compressed), the top plane of the pressing block 55 is flush with the top of the sealing hole 57, the support spring 58 is in its natural state, and there is a gap between the top of the limiting bolt 59 and the bottom of the sealing plate 56. During this process, the electric telescopic cylinder 53 drives the lifting plate 54 to move upward until the sealing plate 56 and the pressing block 55 seal the bottom of the receiving groove 49, and molten rare earth metal is injected into the receiving groove 49.

[0071] In the contact compression state (after the sealing plate 56 contacts and compresses the mold plate 48), the support spring 58 is in a compressed state, the top plane of the pressing block 55 is higher than the top of the sealing hole 57, and the limiting bolt 59 abuts against the sealing plate 56. During this process, the electric telescopic cylinder 53 drives the lifting plate 54 to move upward. Because the support spring 58 has less elasticity than the release spring 51, the pressing block 55 moves upward in the sealing hole 57 until the limiting bolt 59 abuts against the sealing plate 56, and the top plane of the pressing block 55 is higher than the top of the corresponding sealing hole 57, thereby realizing the action of forming a groove at the bottom of the rare earth metal ingot; the electric telescopic cylinder 53 drives the lifting plate 54 to continue to move upward, and the sealing plate 56 forces the mold plate 48 to move upward, thereby realizing the action of lifting and moving the mold plate 48 upward.

[0072] Based on the above connection relationships, the working principle of the blocking unit is as follows:

[0073] Step 1: In the initial state of the sealing unit, the electric telescopic cylinder 53 is in a low position, and the support spring 58 remains in a naturally extended state; the pressing block 55 is fixed to the top of the lifting plate 54, and the top plane of the pressing block 55 is flush with the top of the sealing hole 57 of the sealing plate 56, and the two sealing holes 57 on the sealing plate 56 correspond one-to-one with the two receiving grooves 49 of the mold plate 48; the limiting bolt 59 is threaded to the lifting plate 54, and the top of the limiting bolt 59 maintains a preset gap with the bottom of the sealing plate 56, so that the sealing plate 56 does not contact the upper mold plate 48.

[0074] Step 2: Activate the electric telescopic cylinder 53. The electric telescopic cylinder 53 outputs an upward driving force to drive the lifting plate 54 to rise synchronously. The lifting plate 54 drives the sealing plate 56 and the pressing block 55 to move upward together through the support spring 58. Until the sealing plate 56 is in contact with the bottom of the mold plate 48, the pressing block 55 is precisely embedded in the bottom port of the corresponding receiving groove 49 to achieve sealing of the bottom of the receiving groove 49. At this time, molten rare earth metal can be injected into the receiving groove 49 through the pouring port 43 of the top molding unit.

[0075] Step 3: After the molten rare earth metal is injected, it needs to stand for a period of time (this is to allow the molten rare earth metal to cool slightly, which is beneficial for the formation of grooves at the bottom and top of the rare earth metal ingot). The electric telescopic cylinder 53 continues to drive the lifting plate 54 to move upward. Since the sealing plate 56 has contacted and is limited by the mold plate 48, and the elastic force of the support spring 58 is less than the elastic force of the release spring 51 on the side of the mold plate 48, the lifting plate 54 moves upward relative to the sealing plate 56, and the support spring 58 is compressed. The pressing block 55 slides upward along the sealing hole 57 with the lifting plate 54 until the top of the limiting bolt 59 abuts against the bottom of the sealing plate 56 (limiting the maximum displacement, such as...). Figure 17 (See the diagram showing the state of the sealing unit in use). At this time, the top plane of the pressing block 55 is higher than the top of the sealing hole 57, which squeezes the bottom of the molten rare earth metal in the receiving groove 49, thereby forming a groove of the preset size at the bottom of the metal ingot.

[0076] Step 4: After the limiting bolt 59 is pressed against the sealing plate 56, the electric telescopic cylinder 53 continuously outputs an upward driving force, which is transmitted to the sealing plate 56 through the lifting plate 54 and the limiting bolt 59. This forces the mold plate 48 to overcome the elastic force of the release spring 51 and slide upward (the mold plate 48 moves vertically along the sliding nail 50, and the release spring 51 is compressed). The mold plate 48 drives the molten rare earth metal in the receiving groove 49 to approach the top forming unit. With the help of the extrusion part 46 of the boss 44 of the preset height in the top forming unit, the top of the metal ingot is extruded, and the top groove of the metal ingot is formed in a coordinated manner.

[0077] Step 5: After the upper and lower grooves of the metal ingot are formed, the electric telescopic cylinder 53 drives the lifting plate 54 to descend in the reverse direction; the support spring 58 elastically resets, driving the sealing plate 56 to move down synchronously, and the pressing block 55 returns to the initial position flush with the top of the sealing hole 57 along with the lifting plate 54; under the elastic restoring force of the release spring 51, the mold plate 48 slides down along the sliding pin 50 to the initial position; the sealing unit releases the sealing of the receiving groove 49, completing one working cycle.

[0078] The present invention, by setting up a blocking unit, has the following beneficial effects:

[0079] First, it boasts high functional integration, seamlessly integrating the functions of sealing the bottom of the receiving tank 49, forming the bottom groove of the rare earth metal ingot, and lifting and driving the mold plate 48. This simultaneously meets the process requirements of preventing material leakage and forming bidirectional grooves in the metal ingot, adapting to diverse production scenarios. Second, it utilizes a single electric telescopic cylinder 53 as the drive source. Through the elasticity matching of the support spring 58 and the release spring 51, and the stroke control of the limit bolt 59, each action is sequentially connected according to a preset logic, eliminating the need for additional drive components. This reduces manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty while improving operational continuity and efficiency. Third, through cooperation with the top forming unit and the mold plate 48, all three possess intermittent action characteristics adapted to process requirements. After the molten rare earth metal is injected into the receiving tank 49, the sequential actions of "sealing and plugging, static pressure stabilization, bottom groove forming, and top groove forming" provide necessary settling time for the molten metal. This effectively reduces air bubbles in the molten metal, ensures component uniformity, and guarantees the accuracy of groove forming and the overall quality of the metal ingot. No additional settling auxiliary mechanism is required, further optimizing the workflow.

[0080] In the demolding process of rare earth metal smelting, after the molten rare earth metal cools and solidifies into a metal ingot in the receiving tank 49, the metal ingot is prone to sticking to the mold plate 48 due to the adsorption force between the molten metal and the inner wall of the receiving tank 49 and the top forming structure. To address this technical problem, this embodiment optimizes the structure of the top forming unit and the sealing unit, and realizes the function of forming grooves on the upper and lower parts of the metal ingot. Furthermore, the boss 44 of the top forming unit and the pressing block 55 of the sealing unit work together to provide a reverse force for the sticking rare earth metal ingot during the demolding stage, thereby efficiently separating the metal ingot from the mold and ensuring the smoothness of the demolding process and the integrity of the product and equipment.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device, characterized in that: The system includes a base platform, an electrolytic cell fixed on the base platform, a working panel at the upper opening of the electrolytic cell with a central through-hole communicating with the opening of the electrolytic cell; a raw material feeding device fixed on one side of the base platform, with its discharge end positioned above the opening of the electrolytic cell to feed rare earth raw materials; an electrolysis device mounted above the working panel via a support assembly, with its anode component extending through the central through-hole of the working panel into the electrolytic cell to cooperate with the cathode at the bottom of the cell to complete the electrolytic melting of rare earth raw materials; a transfer and pouring device fixed on the working panel, with its scooping component used to scoop out molten rare earth metal and pour it into a distribution device to achieve high and low level casting operations; and a distribution device fixed on the working panel and located within the pouring range of the transfer and pouring device, used to divert molten rare earth metal. The mold equipment is located below the material distribution equipment. The mold equipment has two receiving slots to receive the molten rare earth metal after distribution. The transfer and unloading equipment includes a slide rail vertically fixed to the working panel. A screw is vertically arranged inside the slide rail slot. The lower end of the screw is rotatably connected to the working panel, and the upper end of the screw is connected to the output end of a first motor fixed to the upper end of the slide rail. The first motor drives the screw to rotate around its own axis. A lifting plate is threadedly connected to the screw and slidably connected to the slide rail, and rises and falls vertically along the slide rail as the screw rotates. A second motor is fixed to the upper part of the lifting plate, and the output end of the second motor is connected to a third motor. The motor is used to drive the third motor and subsequent components to rotate horizontally; the output end of the third motor is fixed to the support arm, and a ladle is fixed on the support arm. The third motor is used to drive the support arm and the ladle to rotate vertically; the material distribution equipment includes a liquid distribution tank fixed to the working panel and arranged at an inclination. The liquid distribution tank has a first liquid distribution port at the bottom and a second liquid distribution port at the top; during the rotation and movement of the ladle of the transfer and pouring equipment, the height gradually increases. When it is at a low position, molten rare earth metal is poured into the first liquid distribution port, and when it is at a high position, it is poured into the second liquid distribution port. The molten rare earth metal falls into the corresponding receiving tank of the mold equipment through the corresponding liquid distribution port, realizing the diversion and pouring.

2. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal equipment is fixed on one side of the base platform and is connected to the electrolytic cell working area through pipes to collect dust.

3. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material feeding equipment includes a placement box, with several legs evenly connected to the bottom of the placement box. Each leg is equipped with casters at its lower end to allow the entire equipment to move. The side wall of the placement box has an observation hole for observing the internal situation. The top opening of the placement box is locked to a receiving hopper. A hopper, which serves as a material storage unit, is slidably fitted inside the cavity of the placement box. A pipe at the outlet of the hopper is used to discharge the material. A vibration motor, fixed to the placement box, is installed on the outside of the hopper. The vibration motor provides vibration power to the hopper. Several buffer springs connect the hopper and the inner wall of the placement box.

4. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolysis equipment includes a support assembly and an anode component. The anode component is connected to the support assembly and forms a sliding fit relationship. The anode component can slide smoothly along the height direction of the support assembly. The support assembly has a power transmission function, which can drive the anode component slidably connected to it to achieve rising and falling movements.

5. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a support column, with a top seat for mounting pulley-like components fixedly connected to the upper end of the support column; two first fixed pulleys are mounted above the top seat, and a third fixed pulley is mounted below it; a sliding groove is provided around the support column, and the anode component slides and reciprocates along the groove; a second mounting seat is fixedly connected to the anode component, on which a fourth fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley are mounted; a first mounting seat is provided on the side of the support column and below the sliding groove, on which a servo motor is fixed, and a wire rope is driven to rotate by the servo motor output end; one end of the wire rope is fixedly wound around the wire rope, and the other end passes sequentially around the two first fixed pulleys, the second fixed pulley, the third fixed pulley, and the fourth fixed pulley, and the end is fixedly connected to the top seat to form a complete transmission structure.

6. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anode component includes a mounting bracket, the end of which slides into a groove of the support assembly, and the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the anode rod.

7. The efficient and safe rare earth metal smelting demolding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mold equipment includes a top forming unit fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid distribution tank of the material distribution equipment. The top forming unit integrates two pouring ports, which are respectively aligned with the first liquid distribution port and the second liquid distribution port of the liquid distribution tank to receive the molten rare earth metal after the liquid distribution. A mold plate is located directly below the top forming unit. Two receiving slots are opened on the mold plate, and the two receiving slots are aligned one-to-one with the two pouring ports of the top forming unit to ensure precise material flow. A sealing unit is arranged directly below the mold plate. The top structure of the sealing unit is adapted to the bottom of the mold plate to form a seal at the bottom port of the two receiving slots. The sealing unit is linked to the mold plate and can output an upward driving force to lift the mold plate closer to the top forming unit. The top forming unit and the sealing unit extrude and form the top and bottom of the rare earth metal in the receiving slots.

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