Intelligent centralized grounding assembly box and railway grounding monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power grid equipment, and provides an intelligent centralized grounding assembly box and a railway grounding monitoring method. The intelligent concentrated grounding assembly box comprises a box body, and a confluence busbar, a current mutual inductance assembly, an overvoltage protection module and an in-situ monitoring and control module which are arranged in the box body. Wherein the on-site monitoring and control module integrates a sensor interface and a digital communication interface, realizes multi-parameter integrated monitoring of key sensing data such as a secondary current signal, grounding impedance, ground potential distribution, step voltage and the like, and converts the data into a standard digital message through the digital communication interface; the problems that a traditional monitoring function is single and data cannot be networked to form an information island are solved, and the monitoring comprehensiveness and the digital integration capability of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smart grid equipment technology, and in particular to a smart centralized grounding component box and a railway grounding monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of smart grid equipment technology, the reliability of the grounding grid is crucial for ensuring the safe and stable operation of railway power equipment and the personal safety of operators. With the rapid development of high-speed railways, the operating environment of railway power systems has become more complex, and the requirements for grounding technology are increasingly stringent. Reliable grounding technology can effectively reduce the risk of equipment failure, ensure the normal operation of railway signaling systems, and thus ensure train operation safety. At the same time, a good grounding system can also protect cables and other equipment from damage in abnormal situations such as lightning strikes or overvoltages, reducing economic losses.

[0003] Traditional grounding technologies typically employ the following methods when addressing railway grounding issues: For the connection of the grounding down conductor, a standard connection method is generally used, exposing it to the environment. Regarding monitoring grounding parameters, some technologies can only monitor individual parameters, such as using simple continuity checks to determine if the grounding is normal, or obtaining partial resistance information through local resistance measurements. In dealing with overvoltage, traditional grounding equipment may use some conventional protective components, but the performance of these components is relatively limited.

[0004] However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks. The grounding down conductor connection points are constantly exposed to the environment, making them susceptible to electrochemical corrosion and mechanical loosening. This leads to a significant increase in contact resistance at the connection points, potentially causing localized grounding failure and compromising the integrity of the entire grounding grid. Furthermore, high-speed railway operating conditions can cause a sharp rise in the grounding grid's potential, interfering with the railway signaling system. Under overvoltage conditions, the cable's metallic sheath may be punctured. In addition, existing monitoring technologies struggle to achieve integrated monitoring of multiple key safety parameters and lack standardized, open communication protocols, preventing monitoring data from being integrated into the unified information platform of digital substations, thus creating information silos. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, this application provides an intelligent centralized grounding component box, a railway grounding system and a monitoring method thereof.

[0006] On the one hand, this application provides an intelligent centralized grounding component box, which adopts the following technical solution: A smart centralized grounding component box, comprising: Box; The busbar installed inside the enclosure is used to collect multiple return currents. The current transformer assembly installed inside the enclosure is connected to the busbar, and the current transformer assembly includes at least two sets of through-core current transformers with different transformation ratios. The overvoltage protection module installed inside the enclosure is equipped with overvoltage protection elements without series gaps. The local monitoring and control module installed inside the enclosure is connected to the current transformer component. The local monitoring and control module is equipped with a sensor interface and a digital communication interface, which are used to collect secondary current signals from the current transformer component, receive sensing data through the sensor interface, and convert the secondary current signals and the sensing data into digital messages through the digital communication interface.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, an overvoltage protection module without series gaps is set up. Utilizing its excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics, it can quickly clamp the voltage and absorb transient energy when an overvoltage occurs, protecting the cable sheath and equipment. Simultaneously, it presents high impedance during normal operation, without interfering with the accurate acquisition of low-voltage signals. Furthermore, by integrating sensor interfaces and digital communication interfaces into the local monitoring and control module, multi-parameter integrated monitoring of key sensor data such as secondary current signals, grounding impedance, ground potential distribution, and step voltage is achieved. The data is converted into standard digital messages through the digital communication interface, solving the problems of traditional monitoring functions being singular and data being unable to be networked, thus creating information silos and improving the comprehensiveness of monitoring and the system's digital integration capabilities.

[0008] Optionally, the busbar is a nickel-plated copper busbar; an insulating support is provided between the busbar and the housing, and the insulating support is made of epoxy resin.

[0009] The above technical solution adopts nickel-plated copper busbars, which enhances the busbar's resistance to oxidation and corrosion and its contact reliability; the epoxy resin insulating support has high strength and excellent insulation performance, ensuring high-specification electrical isolation and structural support between the busbar (primary side high current circuit) and the enclosure and secondary side components.

[0010] Optionally, the current transformer assembly includes a main return current transformer, a rail return current transformer, a ground return current transformer, and a main transformer return current transformer.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution and configuring various current transformers such as the main return current, rail return current, ground return current and main transformer return current, special monitoring of the current of different key circuits in the railway grounding system is realized, ensuring the accuracy and range matching of monitoring of different circuits.

[0012] Optionally, the overvoltage protection element includes a metal oxide surge arrester or a surge protection device.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the specific implementation method of the overvoltage protection element is clarified. By utilizing the excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics of metal oxide surge arresters (MOVs) or surge protection devices (SPDs), effective absorption and clamping of switching overvoltages or lightning overvoltages are achieved.

[0014] Optionally, the sensing data includes conduction resistance value, grounding impedance value, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution information, step voltage value, and contact voltage value.

[0015] The above technical solution greatly expands the breadth and depth of monitoring parameters, achieving comprehensive coverage of key safety parameters of the grounding grid. In particular, it enables the collection of data such as conduction resistance, grounding impedance, ground potential, step voltage and contact voltage, which are difficult to monitor online using traditional technologies. This provides direct data support for early fault (such as corrosion and loosening) warnings and personal safety risk assessments.

[0016] Optionally, the digital message is a digital message conforming to the IEC 61850 standard, including SMV messages, GOOSE messages, and MMS messages.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, and encapsulating the data into SMV, GOOSE and MMS messages that conform to the IEC 61850 standard, the standardization and real-time sharing of grounding monitoring data in digital substations are realized, the data silo problem is solved, and the data can be seamlessly connected to the substation's unified information platform, which facilitates advanced analysis and real-time control.

[0018] On the other hand, this application also provides a railway grounding system.

[0019] A railway grounding system includes the intelligent centralized grounding component box and a background intelligent judgment device communicatively connected to the intelligent centralized grounding component box. The background intelligent judgment device is used to receive digital messages and perform grounding grid status assessment based on the digital messages.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a complete closed-loop monitoring system of "local data acquisition - standard transmission - background evaluation" is constructed through the communication connection between the intelligent centralized grounding component box and the background intelligent judgment device. The background intelligent judgment device can use the multi-parameter data collected by the grounding box, combined with the procedures and diagnostic algorithms, to perform real-time safety performance evaluation, thereby accurately judging abnormal states such as grounding corrosion, loosening, or excessive ground potential, and realizing real-time control of the grounding grid safety performance.

[0021] On the other hand, this application also provides a railway grounding monitoring method, which operates in the railway grounding system, and the method includes the following steps: S1. The secondary current signal and sensor data are collected by the intelligent centralized grounding component box; S2. The intelligent centralized grounding component box converts the secondary current signal and the sensing data into digital messages conforming to the IEC 61850 standard. S3. The digital message is transmitted from the intelligent centralized grounding component box to the background intelligent judgment device. S4. The background intelligent judgment device receives the digital message and performs a grounding grid status assessment based on the digital message to generate an intelligent judgment result. S5. The background intelligent judgment device outputs warning information based on the intelligent judgment result.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a complete monitoring process is realized, from continuous acquisition of multi-parameter data, standardized digital message conversion and transmission, to real-time evaluation, intelligent judgment, and final output of early warnings in the background. This method achieves closed-loop digital control of the grounding grid status, ensuring that abnormal conditions (such as corrosion and excessive ground potential) can be detected and evaluated in a timely manner, and can quickly output early warnings or control commands, greatly improving the real-time performance, accuracy, and intelligence level of grounding system monitoring.

[0023] Optionally, in step S1, the intelligent centralized grounding component box collects the secondary current signal and receives the sensing data through the sensor interface; in step S2, the secondary current signal and the sensing data are converted into the digital message through the digital communication interface. Optionally, in step S1, the sensing data includes conduction resistance value, grounding impedance value, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution information, step voltage value, and contact voltage value.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the key sensor data collected are specifically defined, ensuring that the data basis of the monitoring method covers the core parameters required to assess grounding grid corrosion, loosening status (conduction resistance, grounding impedance) and personal safety risks (ground potential, step voltage, contact voltage), making the subsequent S4 grounding grid status assessment more comprehensive and accurate.

[0025] Optionally, the digital message includes SMV message, GOOSE message, and MMS message.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the specific standards and types of digital messages are clarified, ensuring that the collected data can be standardized and encapsulated so as to achieve standard, real-time, and reliable communication and data interaction with the background intelligent judgment device or other equipment in the digital substation in the S3 step, thus overcoming the problem of information silos.

[0027] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting up an overvoltage protection module without series gaps, utilizing its excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics, it can quickly clamp the voltage and absorb transient energy when an overvoltage occurs, protecting the cable sheath and equipment. It also presents high impedance during normal operation, without interfering with the accurate acquisition of low-voltage signals. Simultaneously, by integrating sensor interfaces and digital communication interfaces through the local monitoring and control module, it achieves multi-parameter integrated monitoring of key sensor data such as secondary current signals, grounding impedance, ground potential distribution, and step voltage. The data is converted into standard digital messages through the digital communication interface, solving the problems of traditional monitoring functions being singular and data being unable to be networked, thus creating information silos and improving the comprehensiveness of monitoring and the system's digital integration capabilities.

[0028] 2. By specifically configuring three types of current transformers—rail return current, ground return current, and main transformer return current—specialized monitoring of currents in different critical circuits of the railway grounding system was achieved, ensuring the accuracy and range matching of monitoring for different circuits.

[0029] 3. It greatly expands the breadth and depth of monitoring parameters, achieving comprehensive coverage of key safety parameters of the grounding grid. In particular, it collects data such as conduction resistance, grounding impedance, ground potential, step voltage and contact voltage, which are difficult to monitor online using traditional technologies. This provides direct data support for early fault (such as corrosion and loosening) warning and personal safety risk assessment.

[0030] 4. By encapsulating the data into SMV, GOOSE, and MMS messages conforming to the IEC 61850 standard, the standardization and real-time sharing of grounding monitoring data in digital substations are realized, solving the data silo problem and ensuring that the data can be seamlessly connected to the substation's unified information platform, facilitating advanced analysis and real-time control. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This paper shows a functional principle block diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This paper shows a schematic diagram of the centralized grounding principle of an intelligent centralized grounding component box according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a smart centralized grounding component box for a traction substation is shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box for AT stations is shown in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box for a substation, according to an embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 6 A schematic flowchart of a railway grounding monitoring method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, enclosure; 20, busbar; 30, current transformer assembly; 40, overvoltage protection module; 50, local monitoring and control module; 51, digital communication interface; 52, sensor interface. Detailed Implementation

[0033] This application is based on the inventor's following insight: Existing technologies, particularly conventional grounding boxes or existing centralized grounding boxes, have significant shortcomings in high-speed rail (HSR) applications: I. Environmental Corrosion and Safety Reliability Risks: Grounding down conductor connection points, due to their long-term exposure to damp soil, are prone to corrosion, breakage, and loosening, leading to increased contact resistance and failure to meet railway power regulations. In severe cases, this could cause equipment to detach from the grounding grid, posing a threat to personnel and equipment safety. Therefore, rapid and accurate detection of such faults is crucial.

[0034] II. Insufficient breadth and depth of monitoring parameters: Traditional monitoring equipment struggles to monitor abnormal data such as excessive grounding current and high temperature in real time. For HSR systems, due to the large traction load, traction current and fault short-circuit current increase significantly, requiring real-time monitoring of several key safety parameters, including grounding grid impedance, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution, step voltage, contact voltage, and return system integrity. However, existing technologies have gaps in monitoring these parameters.

[0035] III. The Conflict Between Electrical Protection and Accuracy Acquisition: Railway systems face potential risks from operational overvoltages or lightning overvoltages, requiring grounding equipment to possess high withstand voltage and protection performance. However, high-precision online monitoring modules require a stable operating environment, and ensuring monitoring accuracy under high-voltage impact conditions is a significant challenge.

[0036] IV. Lack of Digitalization and System Integration: Existing monitoring solutions do not adopt a fully digital model, and in particular, lack a communication architecture that conforms to the IEC 61850 standard. This makes it difficult to effectively integrate grounding system monitoring data into the hierarchical structure of networked secondary equipment in modern digital substations, creating data silos and limiting remote intelligent judgment and real-time control capabilities.

[0037] This application addresses the aforementioned issues through a combination of technologies. First, to ensure safety and high accuracy under high-voltage conditions, this device employs a protection element without series gaps. Its excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic curve can effectively absorb overvoltages without interfering with the acquisition of low-voltage signals under normal conditions. Second, by upgrading the grounding box to a digital terminal with an local integrated circuit (IED), continuous acquisition and intelligent discrimination of multiple parameters are achieved. Most importantly, this IED converts all data into IEC 61850 digital messages, achieving standardization and real-time sharing of grounding system data in digital substations, and realizing real-time control of grounding grid safety performance.

[0038] The following combination Figures 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] This application discloses an intelligent centralized grounding component box.

[0040] Figure 1 A functional principle block diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the centralized grounding principle of an intelligent centralized grounding component box according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent centralized grounding component box includes a box body 10, a busbar 20, a current transformer component 30, an overvoltage protection module 40, and a local monitoring and control module 50.

[0041] The enclosure 10 is made of high-quality stainless steel plate with a thickness of not less than 2.0mm, possessing excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, and capable of adapting to long-term outdoor use environments. To further enhance the protection level, the surface of the enclosure 10 undergoes multiple treatments using electrostatic spraying technology to ensure that the coating is robust, wear-resistant, waterproof, and resistant to ultraviolet radiation, achieving high-level IP protection requirements (e.g., IP55 or higher). To address the impact of outdoor temperature and humidity fluctuations on internal electronic components and high-voltage insulation, the enclosure 10 is equipped with ventilation or heat dissipation holes at the bottom and top, and cable penetrations are sealed with rubber gaskets, ensuring dustproof sealing while promoting air circulation and maintaining a dry interior. The enclosure 10 may also be equipped with an automatic heating temperature control module, which consists of a high-precision sensor and a heating device (e.g., a PTC ceramic heater). When the high-precision sensor detects that the temperature inside the chamber 10 is lower than the preset drying start temperature (e.g., 5°C), the heating device is automatically activated to raise the temperature inside the chamber 10 to the set value (e.g., 10°C), and then it automatically stops working, ensuring that the local monitoring and control module 50 maintains a stable working state within a wide temperature range of -20°C to +55°C.

[0042] The busbar 20 is installed inside the enclosure 10 and is used to collect multiple return currents from the railway grounding system. The busbar 20 can be made of nickel-plated copper busbars, connected by bolts, and the insulation resistance between the busbar 20 and the enclosure 10 is not less than 1000MΩ, meeting the requirements of AC withstand voltage of 5000KV and no breakdown for 1 minute. The busbar 20 may include at least two parallel copper busbars, each approximately 100mm wide. The busbar 20 is used to collect multiple large currents from the main transformer, rail return current, ground return current, etc., and is the electrical core of the device.

[0043] To address the high-voltage environment and lightning overvoltage risks of railway power systems, this application imposes stringent insulation requirements on the structure. The insulation resistance between the busbar 20 and the metal structure of the enclosure 10 must be no less than 1000MΩ, and it must withstand a 5000KV AC withstand voltage test without breakdown within one minute. This high-specification insulation is achieved through insulating supports (such as high-strength epoxy resin insulators) installed on the metal brackets inside the enclosure. These supports physically and electrically isolate the primary high-current circuit from the metal enclosure and secondary electronic components. Furthermore, all metal brackets inside the enclosure are hot-dip galvanized to prevent corrosion and ensure long-term stability. To ensure the safe operation of the monitoring circuit, a small copper busbar for secondary protective grounding of the current transformers (CTs) is installed inside the enclosure for reliable connection of the secondary protective grounding terminals of all CTs. High-quality secondary terminal blocks for current transformers are installed on the inner side of the enclosure 10. These terminal blocks are securely installed and are used to connect the secondary windings of the CTs to the input terminals of the local monitoring and control module, ensuring reliable signal transmission. In addition, the lower part of the enclosure is specially equipped with cable head fixing supports or brackets to facilitate the installation and fixing of input and output return cables, prevent the cables from becoming loose due to long-term vibration or external force, and thus ensure the reliability of the mechanical and electrical connections of the system.

[0044] The current transformer assembly 30 is housed within the enclosure 10 and connected to the busbar 20. The current transformer assembly 30 is equipped with multiple sets of through-core current transformers (CTs) with customized ratios. These through-core current transformers can pass through the copper busbar and are used to monitor multiple return currents; their housings are high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant. Specifically, the current transformer assembly 30 may include a rail return current transformer 31, a ground return current transformer 32, and a main transformer return current transformer 33. A secondary protection grounding module 34, such as a small copper busbar for secondary protection grounding of the transformers, may be provided within the enclosure for secondary protection grounding connection with the current transformer assembly 30. To adapt to the complex and variable return current conditions of electrified railways, the current transformer (CT) group may consist of a main return current transformer, a rail return current transformer, a ground return current transformer, and a main transformer return current transformer. Customized configurations were implemented for different circuits to ensure monitoring accuracy and range matching: Rail return current transformers: 1KV 2000 / 5, 0.5 class, 2 units. Ground return current transformers: 1KV 1500 / 5, 0.5 class, 2 units. Main transformer return current transformers: 1KV 2000 / 5, 0.5 class, 2 units.

[0045] The overvoltage protection module 40 is housed within the enclosure 10 and connected to the busbar 20. The overvoltage protection module 40 is equipped with a protection element without series gaps, such as a high-performance metal oxide surge arrester (MOV) or a surge protection device (SPD). These protection elements have excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristic curves and are used to absorb operational overvoltages or lightning overvoltages.

[0046] Under normal power frequency voltage, this component exhibits extremely high impedance with only a tiny leakage current, ensuring that the monitoring module can acquire high-precision current and voltage signals even under low voltage conditions. When the line experiences operational overvoltage or lightning strike overvoltage, the component's resistance rapidly drops to an extremely low value, quickly clamping the voltage and conducting a large current to absorb transient energy, protecting the downstream cable sheath from breakdown, and simultaneously protecting the secondary winding of the current transformer and the local module. This design avoids the complexity and delay of traditional gap-protected components, significantly improving response speed and protection efficiency.

[0047] The local monitoring and control module 50 is housed within the enclosure 10 and connected to the current transformer assembly 30 and external sensors. The local monitoring and control module 50 continuously collects secondary current signals from the CT, as well as multiple parameter data such as the grounding grid's continuity resistance, grounding impedance, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution, step voltage, and contact voltage. As the core intelligent unit of the device, the local monitoring and control module 50 is responsible for continuously collecting and initially processing data. It integrates a high-precision A / D conversion unit, a microprocessor, a real-time clock for data synchronization, and a communication interface. The on-site monitoring and control module 50 is configured to perform the following actions: multi-parameter acquisition, wherein it receives the current signal from the secondary side of the CT and, with the aid of a dedicated sensor interface 52, acquires data such as the conduction resistance, grounding impedance, soil resistivity, ground potential, step voltage, and contact voltage of the grounding grid; preliminary processing, wherein it performs high-frequency sampling, analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), filtering, and calibration operations on the acquired analog signals, and performs precise time synchronization processing; intelligent judgment (on-site), wherein, based on real-time data, it executes a preset fault diagnosis algorithm to perform preliminary abnormal state identification.

[0048] The local monitoring and control module 50 integrates a digital communication interface 51, which is used to convert the collected data and intelligent judgment results into digital messages that conform to the IEC 61850 communication standard to meet the requirements of the networked secondary equipment hierarchical structure of digital substations.

[0049] Specifically, the digital communication interface 51 encapsulates the real-time monitored multi-parameter data into standard digital messages according to the logical node model and Common Data Classes (CDC) specified in the IEC 61850 standard. For example, current data can be encapsulated as Sampled Values ​​(SMV) messages, and status data and control commands can be encapsulated as Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) or Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) messages. Furthermore, real-time data transmission is achieved through an Ethernet (or fiber optic) interface. This enables the grounding system's operating status to be transmitted in real-time and accurately to the main control unit at the Bay Level or Station Level for unified management, advanced analysis, and real-time control, solving the problems of data silos and poor system integration in traditional solutions. Communication methods can employ TCP / IP or RS485 to achieve high-speed, reliable data flow.

[0050] The implementation principle of the intelligent centralized grounding component box in this application embodiment is as follows: By setting up an overvoltage protection module 40 without series gaps, its excellent nonlinear volt-ampere characteristics can not only quickly clamp the voltage and absorb transient energy when an overvoltage occurs, protecting the cable sheath and equipment, but also present high impedance during normal operation, without interfering with the accurate acquisition of low-voltage signals; at the same time, by integrating sensor interface 52 and digital communication interface 51 through local monitoring and control module 50, multi-parameter integrated monitoring of secondary current signals and key sensor data such as grounding impedance, ground potential distribution, and step voltage is realized, and the data is converted into standard digital messages through digital communication interface 51, which solves the problem of traditional monitoring functions being single and data not being able to be networked, forming information islands, and improves the comprehensiveness of monitoring and the digital integration capability of the system.

[0051] This application also discloses a railway grounding system having an intelligent centralized grounding component box as described in the above embodiments.

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box for a traction substation is shown in an embodiment of this application, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a schematic diagram. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box for AT plant is shown in an embodiment of this application, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a schematic diagram. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an intelligent centralized grounding component box for a substation, according to an embodiment of this application, is shown, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and (c) is a schematic diagram. Figures 3-5 All dimensions are in millimeters. The cable head installation position can be adjusted appropriately based on site conditions without changing the grouping. Enclosure 10 can have front and rear doors; the specific location of the secondary terminals of the current transformer within enclosure 10 can be determined according to actual needs. For example... Figures 3-5 As shown, the intelligent centralized grounding component box can be installed in traction substations, autotransformer (AT) substations, or section substations.

[0053] The railway grounding system also includes a background intelligent judgment device connected to the digital communication interface 51. This device receives digital messages and performs grounding grid status assessments. As described in the above embodiment, the intelligent centralized grounding component box enables multi-parameter monitoring and digital data transmission of the railway grounding system. After receiving digital messages from the intelligent centralized grounding component box, the background intelligent judgment device performs a real-time assessment of the grounding grid's safety performance based on preset railway power regulations and fault diagnosis algorithms. This assessment determines whether abnormal conditions such as grounding corrosion, loosening, excessive ground potential, or cable sheath breakdown exist. Based on the assessment results, it outputs real-time warning information or control commands, achieving real-time control over the grounding grid's safety performance.

[0054] The implementation principle of a railway grounding system according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: a complete closed-loop monitoring system of "local data acquisition - standard transmission - background evaluation" is constructed through the communication connection between the intelligent centralized grounding component box and the background intelligent judgment device. The background intelligent judgment device can use the multi-parameter data collected by the grounding box, combined with regulations and diagnostic algorithms, to perform real-time safety performance evaluation, thereby accurately judging abnormal states such as grounding corrosion, loosening, or excessive ground potential, and realizing real-time control of the safety performance of the grounding grid.

[0055] This application also discloses a railway grounding monitoring method, which is mainly implemented by the railway grounding system as described in the above embodiments.

[0056] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating a railway grounding monitoring method according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 6 As shown, the railway grounding monitoring method includes the following steps: S1. The secondary current signal and sensor data are collected by the intelligent centralized grounding component box.

[0057] The system utilizes a local monitoring and control module 50 to continuously acquire real-time data on multiple parameters from the grounding grid, including conduction resistance, grounding impedance, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution, step voltage, contact voltage, and return current. Through high-precision circuit design and software algorithms, it achieves continuous acquisition of multiple parameters that are traditionally difficult to monitor online.

[0058] Specifically, online measurement techniques such as the four-wire method or high-frequency injection method can be used to continuously monitor the conduction resistance between the grounding down conductor and the grounding grid, as well as the grounding impedance of the main grounding grid. This continuous monitoring can capture subtle resistance changes, providing early warnings for corrosion or loosening. In addition, ground potential information can be collected by pre-embedded dedicated auxiliary electrodes and potential sensors around the substation, and the potential step voltage and contact voltage can be calculated by the local monitoring and control module 50 to assess personal safety risks.

[0059] S2. The intelligent centralized grounding component box converts the secondary current signal and the sensing data into digital messages conforming to the IEC 61850 standard.

[0060] The collected multi-parameter data undergoes primary processing in the local monitoring and control module 50 and is converted into digital messages conforming to the IEC 61850 communication standard.

[0061] S3. The digital message is transmitted to the background intelligent judgment device by the intelligent centralized grounding component box. Specifically, the digital message is transmitted to the background intelligent judgment device in real time via the digital communication interface 51.

[0062] S4. The background intelligent judgment device receives the digital message and performs a grounding grid status assessment based on the digital message to generate an intelligent judgment result.

[0063] Specifically, the background intelligent judgment device receives IEC 61850 standardized digital messages from the IED and performs a safety assessment based on a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic model. Specifically, when the conduction resistance or grounding impedance of a certain return current path continuously and stably exceeds a preset threshold, combined with the return current fluctuation characteristics of that circuit, it can accurately determine whether the connection point is corroded, broken, or loose. Furthermore, if the real-time monitored ground potential distribution, step voltage, and contact voltage exceed the safety limits of regulations such as DL / T 475—2006, it should be immediately determined that there is a risk to personal safety or signal equipment interference. When a short-term high-energy return current event is detected, combined with the action record of the overvoltage protection module 40, it can be determined that the cable outer sheath may have suffered an overvoltage impact, posing a potential breakdown risk, and maintenance recommendations can be provided.

[0064] S5. The background intelligent judgment device outputs early warning information based on the intelligent judgment result. Specifically, based on the intelligent judgment result, it outputs early warning information or control commands in real time to achieve real-time control over the safety performance of the grounding grid.

[0065] Specifically, the background intelligent judgment device receives IEC 61850 standardized digital messages from the IED and performs a safety assessment based on a multi-parameter fusion diagnostic model. Specifically, when the conduction resistance or grounding impedance of a certain return current path continuously and stably exceeds a preset threshold, combined with the return current fluctuation characteristics of that circuit, it can accurately determine whether the connection point is corroded, broken, or loose. Furthermore, if the real-time monitored ground potential distribution, step voltage, and contact voltage exceed the safety limits of regulations such as DL / T 475—2006, it should be immediately determined that there is a risk to personal safety or signal equipment interference. When a short-term high-energy return current event is detected, combined with the action record of the overvoltage protection module 40, it can be determined that the cable outer sheath may have suffered an overvoltage impact, posing a potential breakdown risk, and maintenance recommendations can be provided.

[0066] In step S5, safety control and early warning information is output in real time based on the intelligent judgment results. If a serious grounding fault or personal safety risk is detected, control commands can be sent to the intelligent centralized grounding component box in real time via the IEC 61850 interface. For example, remote isolation of the faulty circuit or adjustment of the system operating mode to reduce rail potential can be performed. This closed-loop digital control capability ensures real-time monitoring and rapid intervention of the grounding system's safety performance.

[0067] The implementation principle of the railway grounding monitoring method in this application is as follows: it realizes a complete monitoring process from continuous acquisition of multi-parameter data, standardized digital message conversion and transmission, to real-time evaluation, intelligent judgment and final output of early warning in the background. This method realizes closed-loop digital control of the grounding network status, ensuring that abnormal states (such as corrosion, ground potential exceeding the standard) can be detected and evaluated in a timely manner, and can quickly output early warning or control commands, greatly improving the real-time performance, accuracy and intelligence level of grounding system monitoring.

[0068] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent centralized grounding assembly box, characterized by, include: Box (10); The busbar (20) installed inside the enclosure (10) is used to collect multiple return currents; The current transformer assembly (30) installed in the enclosure (10) is connected to the busbar (20). The current transformer assembly (30) includes at least two sets of through-core current transformers with different transformation ratios. The overvoltage protection module (40) installed inside the enclosure (10) is equipped with an overvoltage protection element without series gap; The local monitoring and control module (50) installed in the enclosure (10) is connected to the current transformer assembly (30). The local monitoring and control module (50) is equipped with a sensor interface (52) and a digital communication interface (51) for collecting secondary current signals from the current transformer assembly (30), receiving sensing data through the sensor interface (52), and converting the secondary current signals and the sensing data into digital messages through the digital communication interface (51).

2. The intelligent centralized grounding assembly box of claim 1, wherein, The busbar (20) is a nickel-plated copper busbar; an insulating support is provided between the busbar (20) and the housing (10), and the insulating support is made of epoxy resin.

3. The intelligent centralized grounding assembly box of claim 1, wherein, The current transformer assembly (30) includes a main return current transformer, a rail return current transformer, a ground return current transformer, and a main transformer return current transformer.

4. The intelligent centralized grounding assembly box of claim 1, wherein, The overvoltage protection element includes a metal oxide surge arrester or a surge protection device.

5. The intelligent centralized grounding assembly box of claim 1, wherein, The sensing data includes conduction resistance value, grounding impedance value, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution information, step voltage value, and contact voltage value.

6. The intelligent centralized grounding assembly box of claim 1, wherein, The digital messages are digital messages conforming to the IEC 61850 standard, including SMV messages, GOOSE messages, and MMS messages.

7. A method of monitoring railway grounding, characterized by, Based on the intelligent centralized grounding component box as described in any one of claims 1-6, the method includes the following steps: S1. The secondary current signal and sensor data are collected by the intelligent centralized grounding component box; S2. The intelligent centralized grounding component box converts the secondary current signal and the sensing data into digital messages that conform to the IEC61850 standard. S3. The digital message is transmitted to the background intelligent judgment device by the intelligent centralized grounding component box; S4. The background intelligent judgment device receives the digital message and performs a grounding grid status assessment based on the digital message to generate an intelligent judgment result. S5. The background intelligent judgment device outputs warning information based on the intelligent judgment result.

8. The railroad ground monitoring method of claim 7, wherein, In step S1, the secondary current signal is collected by the intelligent centralized grounding component box and the sensing data is received through the sensor interface (52); in step S2, the secondary current signal and the sensing data are converted into digital messages through the digital communication interface (51).

9. The railroad ground monitoring method of claim 8, wherein, In step S1, the sensing data includes conduction resistance value, grounding impedance value, soil resistivity, ground potential distribution information, step voltage value, and contact voltage value.

10. The railroad ground monitoring method of claim 8, wherein, The digital messages include SMV messages, GOOSE messages, and MMS messages.

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