Energy-saving building curtain wall

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building curtain walls, in particular to an energy-saving building curtain wall which comprises a composite glass unit, dynamic ventilation subsystems are arranged on the left side and the right side of the composite glass unit, and the composite glass unit is electrically connected with an intelligent control module. The composite glass unit comprises a tempered photovoltaic glass layer, the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is located on the outermost layer in the composite glass unit, an antireflection coating is arranged on the outer surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer, and conductive silver grid lines are printed on the inner surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer; according to the invention, through integration of photovoltaic power generation, intelligent ventilation and dynamic heat insulation technologies, a remarkable energy-saving effect and multifunctional optimization are realized, the system adopts combination of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer and the conductive silver grid lines, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by 3.2%, and the annual energy output reaches 58kWh / m; the variable-spacing hollow layer is matched with the nano silicon dioxide aerogel particles and the electrostatic electret net, so that the heat transfer coefficient is intelligently adjusted within the range of 0.7-1.1 W / (m.K).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building curtain wall, in particular to an energy-saving building curtain wall. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional building curtain wall has problems of high energy consumption and single function, mainly manifested as: ordinary glass curtain wall has poor heat insulation performance, leading to high building air conditioning energy consumption; fixed hollow layer design cannot adapt to seasonal temperature difference changes, and winter heat preservation and summer heat dissipation requirements are difficult to balance; the ventilation system is mostly mechanical forced air supply, which has high energy consumption and lacks intelligent adjustment; photovoltaic curtain wall often only focuses on power generation function, ignoring the synergistic optimization with building envelope structure, in addition, the application of phase change materials in the prior art is mostly limited to the interior of the wall, and cannot be effectively combined with the curtain wall ventilation system, and lacks a solution to the suspension stability of nanomaterials, which leads to the fact that traditional curtain wall cannot meet the comprehensive requirements of green building for energy saving, comfort and intelligence. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides an energy-saving building curtain wall to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present application provides the following technical scheme: an energy-saving building curtain wall, comprising a composite glass unit, the left and right sides of the composite glass unit are provided with a dynamic ventilation subsystem, and the composite glass unit is electrically connected with an intelligent control module; The composite glass unit comprises a tempered photovoltaic glass layer, the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is located at the outermost layer in the composite glass unit, the outer surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is provided with an anti-reflection coating, and the inner surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is printed with a conductive silver grid line; The dynamic ventilation subsystem comprises a vertical ventilation cavity, the number of the vertical ventilation cavities is two, and the two vertical ventilation cavities are located at the left and right sides of the composite glass unit; The intelligent control module comprises a multi-parameter sensor group, and the receiving end of the multi-parameter sensor group is electrically connected with the surface of the conductive silver grid line.

[0005] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the inner side of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is fixedly connected with a first sealant layer, the first sealant layer adopts a butyl rubber and silicone rubber composite structure, the inner side of the first sealant layer is fixedly connected with a variable-spacing hollow layer, the inside of the variable-spacing hollow layer is filled with argon, the inside of the variable-spacing hollow layer is suspended with nano-silica aerogel particles, the inner side of the variable-spacing hollow layer is fixedly connected with a low-emissivity glass layer, the surface of the low-emissivity glass layer is coated with an indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film, and the film thickness of the indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film is 150-200nm.

[0006] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the cavity of the vertical ventilation cavity is trapezoidal in cross section, a centrifugal micro fan is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical ventilation cavity, the air volume of the centrifugal micro fan is 0.5-1.2 m³ / min, a phase change heat storage unit is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical ventilation cavity, and the phase change heat storage unit contains expanded graphite composite phase change material inside.

[0007] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the multi-parameter sensor group is used for real-time monitoring of indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, light intensity and glass surface temperature, an edge computing unit is electrically connected to the output end of the multi-parameter sensor group, the edge computing unit runs a prediction control algorithm derived from an LSTM neural network, a power management circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the edge computing unit, the power management circuit realizes grid-connected and off-grid switching of the power grid, and the power management circuit is composed of a maximum power point tracking circuit, a bidirectional inverter and a lithium battery pack.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is a cadmium telluride thin film battery glass, the cell units of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer are distributed in a stripe shape, the stripe spacing of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is 20-30 mm, the light transmission area ratio of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer is 40%-60%, the line width of the conductive silver grid line is ≤0.1 mm, the height of the conductive silver grid line is 15-20 μm, and the trend of the conductive silver grid line forms an angle of 10°-15° with the sun track on the summer solstice day of the building location.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the variable-spacing hollow layer is internally provided with a micro electric supporting rod, the micro electric supporting rod can adjust the spacing according to temperature difference changes, the control logic of the micro electric supporting rod is that when ΔT≥15℃, the spacing is expanded to a maximum value, when 5℃≤ΔT<15℃, the spacing=8+(ΔT-5)×1.7 mm, and when ΔT<5℃, the spacing remains a minimum value, the particle size distribution of the nano-silica aerogel particles is 50-100 nm, the volume filling rate of the nano-silica aerogel particles is 5%-8%, the variable-spacing hollow layer is internally provided with an electrostatic electret net, and the suspension of the nano-silica aerogel particles in argon is maintained through the electrostatic electret net.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage unit is 24℃±2℃, the latent heat value of the phase change heat storage unit is ≥180 kJ / kg, the surface of the phase change heat storage unit is provided with folded fins, and the heat exchange surface area of the phase change heat storage unit and the ventilation airflow is increased by 3-5 times through the folded fins.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the control algorithm of the edge computing unit comprises a short-term prediction module and a dynamic optimization module, the short-term prediction module predicts temperature change in the next 2 hours through historical 48-hour weather data, the dynamic optimization module solves the optimal combination of fan speed and photovoltaic output power with the lowest building energy consumption as the objective function, and the constraint conditions of the dynamic optimization module include indoor temperature fluctuation ≤±1.5℃ / h, photovoltaic component temperature ≤65℃ and ventilation noise level ≤35dB.

[0012] A control method of an energy-saving building curtain wall, according to the energy-saving building curtain wall, comprising the following steps: S1, collecting environmental data through a multi-parameter sensor group; S2, an edge computing unit calculates the optimal ventilation quantity Q_opt and the photovoltaic working mode; S3, adjusting the speed of the micro fan to make the actual air quantity Q=0.92Q_opt~1.08Q_opt; S4, when detecting the risk of glass surface dewing, starting the phase change heat storage unit to preheat the ventilation air flow.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: In the present application, by integrating photovoltaic power generation, intelligent ventilation and dynamic thermal insulation technology, significant energy-saving effect and multi-functional optimization are realized, the system adopts a combination of tempered photovoltaic glass layer and conductive silver grid lines, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved by 3.2%, and the annual power generation capacity reaches 58kWh / m²; the variable spacing hollow layer cooperates with nano silicon dioxide aerogel particles and electrostatic statolith net to intelligently adjust the heat transfer coefficient in the range of 0.7~1.1W / (m²·K); the combination of the phase change heat storage unit and the folded fin makes the ventilation air flow temperature fluctuation controlled within ±0.8℃. Precise control is realized through the LSTM neural network algorithm of the edge computing unit, the system can reduce air conditioning energy consumption by 37% and heating demand by 29%, while meeting the use requirements of temperature fluctuation ≤1.5℃ / h and noise ≤35dB, the modular design of the composite glass unit facilitates construction and installation, and the overall system has multiple functions of power generation, thermal insulation and ventilation, thereby providing an efficient curtain wall solution for green buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer in the present application; Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer in the present application; Figure 3 Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer in the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer in the present application; Figure 1 ​The overall structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 The present application Figure 4 The local structure sectional view in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 The present application Figure 4 The variable spacing hollow layer structure sectional view in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 The present application Figure 4 The low-e glass layer structure plan view in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 The intelligent control module system control diagram of the present application; Figure 9 The control method flow chart of the energy-saving building curtain wall of the present application.

[0015] In the figure: 1, composite glass unit; 2, dynamic ventilation subsystem; 3, intelligent control module; 4, anti-reflection coating; 5, conductive silver grid line; 6, nano-silica aerogel particles; 7, indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film; 8, micro electric support; 9, electrostatic electret net; 10, folded fin; 101, tempered photovoltaic glass layer; 102, first sealant layer; 103, variable spacing hollow layer; 104, low-e glass layer; 201, vertical ventilation cavity; 202, centrifugal micro fan; 203, phase change heat storage unit; 301, multi-parameter sensor group; 302, edge computing unit; 303, power management circuit; 30201, short-term prediction module; 30202, dynamic optimization module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0017] Please refer to Figures 1-9 The technical solutions provided by the present application specifically include the following embodiments: Embodiment: An energy-saving building curtain wall, comprising a composite glass unit 1, the left and right sides of the composite glass unit 1 are each provided with a dynamic ventilation subsystem 2, and the composite glass unit 1 is electrically connected with an intelligent control module 3; The composite glass unit 1 comprises a tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101, the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is located at the outermost layer in the composite glass unit 1, the outer surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is provided with an anti-reflection coating 4, and the inner surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is printed with a conductive silver grid line 5; The dynamic ventilation subsystem 2 comprises two vertical ventilation cavities 201 located on the left and right sides of the composite glass unit 1; The intelligent control module 3 comprises a multi-parameter sensor group 301, the receiving end of which is electrically connected with the surface of the conductive silver grid line 5; The energy-saving building curtain wall is composed of a plurality of composite glass units 1 horizontally spliced, each unit has a width of 1.2 m, and the two sides are embedded with dynamic ventilation subsystems 2. The outer layer of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is covered with an anti-reflective coating 4 (refractive index 1.23), and the inner surface is printed with a conductive silver grid line 5 with a line width of 0.08 mm, the grid line forms an angle of 12° with the horizontal plane (in the area of north latitude 35°), the intelligent control module 3 monitors the glass surface temperature (accuracy ±0.5℃) and the indoor and outdoor temperature difference in real time through the multi-parameter sensor group 301, the sunlight transmits through the anti-reflective coating 4 to reduce the reflection loss, the cadmium telluride thin film battery converts light energy into electrical energy, and the current is collected through the conductive silver grid line 5, when the sensor detects that the glass surface temperature is greater than 50℃, the intelligent control module 3 starts the centrifugal micro-fan 202 of the vertical ventilation cavity 201 to form a vertical air flow to take away the heat.

[0018] The inner side of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is fixedly connected with a first sealant layer 102, the first sealant layer 102 adopts a butyl rubber and silicone rubber composite structure, the inner side of the first sealant layer 102 is fixedly connected with a variable spacing hollow layer 103, the inside of the variable spacing hollow layer 103 is filled with argon, the inside of the variable spacing hollow layer 103 is suspended with nano-silica aerogel particles 6, the inner side of the variable spacing hollow layer 103 is fixedly connected with a low-emissivity glass layer 104, the surface of the low-emissivity glass layer 104 is coated with an indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film 7, and the film thickness of the indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film 7 is 150-200 nm; The initial spacing of the variable spacing hollow layer 103 is 12 mm, the variable spacing hollow layer 103 is filled with 6% by volume of nano-silica aerogel particles 6 (particle size 70 nm), the purity of argon is greater than or equal to 99%, the low-emissivity glass layer 104 is coated with an indium tin oxide / titanium dioxide composite film 7 with a thickness of 180 nm, the visible light transmittance is 68%, the nano-aerogel particles scatter infrared rays, and argon reduces heat conduction; when the outdoor temperature suddenly drops, the micro electric supporting rod 8 compresses the spacing to 8 mm, improves the heat insulation performance (U value from 1.1 to 0.7 W / (m²·K)), and the electrostatic electret net 9 applies a voltage of 1.5 kV to make the aerogel particles uniformly suspended, avoiding local heat bridges caused by sedimentation.

[0019] The cavity cross section of the vertical ventilation cavity 201 is trapezoidal, the top of the vertical ventilation cavity 201 is fixedly connected with a centrifugal micro fan 202, the air volume of the centrifugal micro fan 202 is 0.5-1.2 m³ / min, the inner wall of the vertical ventilation cavity 201 is fixedly connected with a phase change heat storage unit 203, and the phase change heat storage unit 203 contains expanded graphite composite phase change material in the inside; The phase change heat storage unit 203 adopts a tetracosane / expanded graphite composite material (the phase change temperature is 24 DEG C, and the latent heat is 195 kJ / kg), and the heat exchange area of the unfolded fin 10 is increased by 4 times. When the centrifugal micro fan 202 rotates at 3000 rpm, the air volume is 0.8 m³ / min, outdoor low-temperature air flows through the vertical ventilation cavity 201 at night, the phase change material is solidified to store cold energy; during the day, when the temperature is high, the fan drives the airflow to flow through the fin, the phase change material is melted to absorb heat, and the inlet air temperature is reduced by 4-6 DEG C.

[0020] The multi-parameter sensor group 301 is used for monitoring indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, light intensity and glass surface temperature in real time, the output end of the multi-parameter sensor group 301 is electrically connected with an edge computing unit 302, the edge computing unit 302 runs a prediction control algorithm derived from an LSTM neural network, the output end of the edge computing unit 302 is electrically connected with a power management circuit 303, the power management circuit 303 realizes grid-connected and off-grid switching of the power grid, and the power management circuit 303 is composed of a maximum power point tracking circuit, a bidirectional inverter and a lithium battery pack; The edge computing unit 302 is loaded with an LSTM model, inputting temperature and irradiance data in the past 48 hours and outputting a prediction curve (error <5%) in the next 2 hours, the power management circuit 303 switches to the grid-connected mode when the photovoltaic power is greater than 200 W / m², and is powered by the lithium battery pack when the power is lower, the algorithm predicts that the temperature peak value will appear at 14:00, the fan speed is increased to 80% 10 minutes in advance to avoid glass overheating, the bidirectional inverter preferentially supplies power to the fan on cloudy days, and the remaining power is stored in the lithium battery pack (the cycle efficiency is greater than 92%).

[0021] The tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is a cadmium telluride thin film battery glass, the cell units of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 are distributed in a stripe shape, the stripe spacing of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is 20-30 mm, the light transmission area ratio of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 is 40%-60%, the line width of the conductive silver grid line 5 is less than or equal to 0.1 mm, the height of the conductive silver grid line 5 is 15-20 μm, and the direction of the conductive silver grid line 5 forms an angle of 10 DEG -15 DEG with the sun track on the summer solstice day of the building location. The tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 has a stripe spacing of 25 mm, a light transmission area ratio of 50%, a conductive silver grid line 5 height of 18 μm, and a grid line included angle of 12° at noon on the summer solstice when the solar altitude angle is 78°, which reduces shadow blocking and improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by 3.2%. The light transmission area allows natural light to enter, and the stripe-shaped cell unit maintains indoor lighting uniformity (glare index UGR < 19) while ensuring power generation.

[0022] The variable spacing hollow layer 103 is internally provided with a micro electric supporting rod 8, which can adjust the spacing according to the temperature difference. The control logic of the micro electric supporting rod 8 is: when ΔT≥15℃, the spacing expands to the maximum value; when 5℃≤ΔT<15℃, the spacing=8+(ΔT-5)×1.7 mm; and when ΔT<5℃, the spacing remains the minimum value. The particle size distribution of the nano-silica aerogel particles 6 is 50-100 nm, and the volume filling rate of the nano-silica aerogel particles 6 is 5%-8%. The variable spacing hollow layer 103 is internally provided with an electrostatic electret net 9, and the suspension of the nano-silica aerogel particles 6 in argon is maintained through the electrostatic electret net 9; The micro electric supporting rod 8 adjusts the spacing according to the temperature difference ΔT: when ΔT=20℃, the supporting rod is elongated to 15 mm; and when ΔT=10℃, the spacing is adjusted to 12.5 mm (according to the formula 8+(10-5)×1.7=12.5 mm). The surface charge density of the electrostatic electret net 9 is 20 μC / m². In winter, when ΔT=25℃, the hollow layer expands to 18 mm, reducing the heat transfer coefficient, and the electrostatic field force offsets the gravity of the aerogel particles (F=Eq), maintaining the suspension stability.

[0023] The phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage unit 203 is 24℃±2℃, the latent heat value of the phase change heat storage unit 203 is ≥180kJ / kg, and the surface of the phase change heat storage unit 203 is provided with a folded fin 10. The heat exchange surface area of the phase change heat storage unit 203 and the ventilation air flow is increased by 3-5 times through the folded fin 10; The folded fin 10 is made of copper foil material (thickness 0.1 mm). After unfolding, the unit heat exchange area increases from 0.5 m² to 2.1 m². The phase change material is packaged in an aluminum honeycomb structure, and the thermal conductivity is increased to 18 W / (m·K). When the air flow passes through the fin gap, the phase change material completes heat absorption / heat release within 3 minutes, and the ventilation air flow temperature fluctuation is controlled within ±0.8℃.

[0024] The control algorithm of the edge computing unit 302 includes a short-term prediction module 30201 and a dynamic optimization module 30202. The short-term prediction module 30201 predicts the temperature change in the next 2 hours through historical 48-hour weather data. The dynamic optimization module 30202 solves the optimal combination of fan speed and photovoltaic output power with the lowest building energy consumption as the objective function. The constraint conditions of the dynamic optimization module 30202 include indoor temperature fluctuation ≤±1.5℃ / h, photovoltaic module temperature ≤65℃, and ventilation noise level ≤35dB. The dynamic optimization module 30202 solves the optimal solution of fan speed 1200rpm + photovoltaic output 80W / m² with the lowest energy consumption as the objective. The constraint conditions ensure that the indoor temperature rises from 22℃ to 23.5℃ in ≥1 hour, the fan noise is 33dB, and the algorithm iterates through 216 combinations in 100ms to select the scheme that meets the temperature stability, maximum power generation, and noise limitation at the same time.

[0025] A control method of an energy-saving building curtain wall, according to an energy-saving building curtain wall, comprising the following steps: S1, collecting environmental data through a multi-parameter sensor group; S2, an edge computing unit calculates the optimal ventilation quantity Q_opt and photovoltaic working mode; S3, adjusting the speed of the micro fan to make the actual air quantity Q=0.92Q_opt~1.08Q_opt; S4, when detecting the risk of glass surface dewing, starting the phase change heat storage unit to preheat the ventilation air flow; The multi-parameter sensor group 301 collects outdoor temperature (32℃), glass surface temperature (48℃), and illumination (850W / m²) every 5 seconds. The edge computing unit 302 predicts the temperature rising trend in the next 2 hours, outputs Q_opt=1.0m³ / min, adjusts the fan speed to make the actual air quantity 0.95m³ / min (±5% error band), and starts the phase change heat storage unit 203 to preheat the air flow to 26℃ (dew point temperature 24℃). Compared with the traditional curtain wall, the summer air conditioning energy consumption is reduced by 37%, the winter heating demand is reduced by 29%, and the annual power generation reaches 58kWh / m².

[0026] In the present application, through the integration of multi-disciplinary technology, the energy self-sufficiency, dynamic temperature regulation and intelligent control integration function of building envelope are realized, and the core innovation is the organic integration of photovoltaic power generation, phase change energy storage and adaptive ventilation system: the outermost layer of tempered photovoltaic glass layer 101 (transmittance 50%, stripe spacing 25mm) improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency by 3.2% through 12° inclined conductive silver grid line 5 (line width 0.08mm), and cooperates with antireflection coating 4 (refractive index 1.23), and the annual power generation can reach 58kWh / m²; the variable spacing hollow layer 103 (12-18mm adjustable) in the middle fills 6% nano silica aerogel particles 6 (particle size 70nm) and argon, and the particle suspension is maintained through electrostatic electret net 9 (1.5kV), and the temperature difference feedback control (ΔT=10℃ time interval 12.5mm) of the micro electric supporting rod 8 makes the heat transfer coefficient dynamically adjustable between 0.7-1.1 W / (m²·K); the two sides of the dynamic ventilation subsystem 2 adopt the trapezoidal cross section vertical ventilation cavity 201, integrate the phase change heat storage unit 203 (twenty-four alkane phase change material, latent heat 195kJ / kg) and the folded fin 10 (copper foil material, heat exchange area increased by 4 times), under the control of the LSTM neural network prediction algorithm of the edge computing unit 302, the centrifugal type micro fan 202 (0.8m³ / min) adjusts the speed according to the temperature prediction in advance, and the temperature fluctuation of the inlet air is controlled within ±0.8℃, the intelligent control module 3 monitors the environmental data in real time through the multi-parameter sensor group 301 (sampling period 5 seconds), the edge computing unit 302 completes the optimization calculation of 216 kinds of operation modes within 100ms, realizes the intelligent scheduling (switching threshold 200W / m²) of the power management circuit 303 (including maximum power point tracking circuit, bidirectional inverter and lithium battery pack), while meeting the constraints such as temperature fluctuation ≤1.5℃ / h, noise ≤35dB, etc., the actual operation shows that the system can reduce the air conditioning energy consumption by 37% and the heating demand by 29%, and the modular design (composite glass unit 1 width 1.2m) of the building facade integration is convenient, the electrostatic electret net 9 and the micro electric supporting rod 8 solve the performance attenuation problem of the traditional hollow layer, and the combination of the folded fin 10 and the phase change heat storage unit 203 makes the heat exchange efficiency increase by 300%.

[0027] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving building curtain wall, characterized in that: It includes a composite glass unit (1), and a dynamic ventilation subsystem (2) is provided on both the left and right sides of the composite glass unit (1). The composite glass unit (1) is electrically connected to an intelligent control module (3). The composite glass unit (1) includes a tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101), which is located on the outermost layer in the composite glass unit (1). The outer surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) is provided with an anti-reflection coating (4), and the inner surface of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) is printed with conductive silver grid lines (5). The dynamic ventilation subsystem (2) includes two vertical ventilation cavities (201), which are located on the left and right sides of the composite glass unit (1). The intelligent control module (3) includes a multi-parameter sensor group (301), the receiving end of which is electrically connected to the surface of the conductive silver grid line (5).

2. The energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealant layer (102) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101). The first sealant layer (102) adopts a composite structure of butyl sealant and silicone sealant. A variable-spacing hollow layer (103) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first sealant layer (102). The interior of the variable-spacing hollow layer (103) is filled with argon gas. Nano-sized silica aerogel particles (6) are suspended inside the variable-spacing hollow layer (103). A low-emissivity glass layer (104) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the variable-spacing hollow layer (103). The surface of the low-emissivity glass layer (104) is coated with an indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film (7). The film thickness of the indium tin oxide and titanium dioxide composite film (7) is 150-200 nm.

3. The energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical ventilation cavity (201) has a trapezoidal cross-section. A centrifugal micro fan (202) is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical ventilation cavity (201). The air volume of the centrifugal micro fan (202) is 0.5 to 1.2 m³ / min. A phase change heat storage unit (203) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical ventilation cavity (201). The phase change heat storage unit (203) contains expanded graphite composite phase change material inside.

4. The energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-parameter sensor group (301) is used to monitor indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, light intensity and glass surface temperature in real time. The output terminal of the multi-parameter sensor group (301) is electrically connected to an edge computing unit (302). The edge computing unit (302) runs a predictive control algorithm derived from an LSTM neural network. The output terminal of the edge computing unit (302) is electrically connected to a power management circuit (303). The power management circuit (303) realizes grid connection and off-grid switching. The power management circuit (303) consists of a maximum power point tracking circuit, a bidirectional inverter and a lithium battery pack.

5. An energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) is cadmium telluride thin-film battery glass. The battery cells of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) are distributed in a stripe pattern. The stripe spacing of the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) is 20-30 mm. The light-transmitting area of ​​the tempered photovoltaic glass layer (101) accounts for 40%-60%. The line width of the conductive silver grid line (5) is ≤0.1 mm. The height of the conductive silver grid line (5) is 15-20 μm. The direction of the conductive silver grid line (5) forms an angle of 10°-15° with the solar trajectory on the summer solstice at the location of the building.

6. An energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The variable-spacing hollow layer (103) is equipped with a micro electric support rod (8). The micro electric support rod (8) can adjust the spacing according to the temperature difference. The control logic of the micro electric support rod (8) is as follows: when ΔT≥15℃, the spacing is expanded to the maximum value; when 5℃≤ΔT<15℃, the spacing = 8+(ΔT-5)×1.7mm; when ΔT<5℃, the spacing is kept to the minimum value. The particle size distribution of the nano silica aerogel particles (6) is 50-100nm. The volume filling rate of the nano silica aerogel particles (6) is 5%~8%. The variable-spacing hollow layer (103) is equipped with an electrostatic electret mesh (9). The suspension of the nano silica aerogel particles (6) in argon gas is maintained by the electrostatic electret mesh (9).

7. An energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phase change temperature of the phase change heat storage unit (203) is 24℃±2℃, the latent heat value of the phase change heat storage unit (203) is ≥180kJ / kg, the surface of the phase change heat storage unit (203) is provided with folded fins (10), and the heat exchange surface area between the phase change heat storage unit (203) and the ventilation airflow is increased by 3-5 times through the folded fins (10).

8. An energy-saving building curtain wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control algorithm of the edge computing unit (302) includes a short-term prediction module (30201) and a dynamic optimization module (30202). The short-term prediction module (30201) predicts the temperature change in the next 2 hours based on historical 48-hour meteorological data. The dynamic optimization module (30202) solves for the optimal combination of wind turbine speed and photovoltaic output power with the objective function of minimizing building energy consumption. The constraints of the dynamic optimization module (30202) include indoor temperature fluctuation ≤ ±1.5℃ / h, photovoltaic module temperature ≤ 65℃, and ventilation noise level ≤ 35dB.

9. A control method for an energy-saving building curtain wall, as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1 collects environmental data through a multi-parameter sensor group; S2, the edge computing unit calculates the optimal ventilation volume Q_opt and the photovoltaic operating mode; S3, adjust the speed of the micro fan so that the actual air volume Q = 0.92Q_opt ~ 1.08Q_opt; S4, when a risk of condensation on the glass surface is detected, the phase change heat storage unit is activated to preheat the ventilation airflow.

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