Drilling machine capable of achieving quick tripping and tripping and tripping and tripping method of drilling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick tripping drilling machine and a tripping and tripping method thereof. The drilling machine comprises a site multifunctional device which is arranged on the front ground and used for turning a drilling tool into a horizontal state or a vertical state; the power drill rod box is arranged on at least one side of the site multifunctional device and used for conveying drilling tools to the site multifunctional device or receiving the drilling tools from the site multifunctional device. The base is arranged on the ground on the rear side of the site multifunctional device, the base is provided with a power slip used for clamping a drilling tool in the center of a well mouth, an iron roughneck used for screwing on and screwing off at the position of the well mouth and a derrick, a top drive is arranged in the derrick, a power elevator is hung on the lower portion of the top drive, and a pushing manipulator is arranged on the middle rear portion of the derrick. By means of flexible configuration and collaborative operation of the ground site multifunctional device and the power drill rod box, the three-joint unit does not need to be stored on a table top in the tripping operation process, and operation is directly conducted between the drill rod box and a well mouth.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of quick tripping rig and its tripping method, belong to petroleum rig technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] In land-based oil rig, in order to improve the efficiency of drilling work, especially in order to improve the efficiency of tripping operation, usually set up drill pipe stand storage area in the derrick or outside, that is, the stand box area. Drill pipe / drill collar needs to be transported from the ground to the deck first, and then connected into double single rod or three single rod or four single rod vertical discharge into the stand box area. When tripping, the stand is moved to the wellhead and lowered. When tripping, the stand is recovered and moved to the stand box area.

[0003] With the development of drilling automation, in order to achieve the purpose of automatic completion of the above work, power catwalk, mouse hole, stand connecting manipulator, iron driller, drilling platform manipulator, power second floor, pipe rack and mud anti-down device are needed. These devices work together to move the single drill pipe horizontally to the turntable through the catwalk, adjust the single drill pipe from the horizontal position to the vertical position with the stand connecting manipulator, connect the single drill pipe into a stand with the cooperation of the mouse hole, and place it in the stand box and power second floor with the cooperation of the drilling platform manipulator and pipe rack. When the wellhead needs to lower the stand, the drilling platform manipulator and pipe rack take out the target stand from the stand box and power second floor and move it to the wellhead, and hand it over to the top drive.

[0004] As shown in Figure 16 This land-based oil automatic drilling rig is usually equipped with a second floor. During tripping operation, the drill pipe / drill collar stand is placed in the second floor, and the lower end of the stand is placed in the base stand box. This drilling rig has large load on the derrick, large drilling platform area, and large weight of the derrick and base body. The wind load on the derrick is large due to the large wind area of the drilling rig with the stand, so the derrick structure needs to be stronger, and the volume and weight will further increase. The center of gravity of the drill pipe stand is high during operation, and the stability is poor. During tripping operation, a large number of devices are involved, and the devices need to work together, so the process is complex and requires high skill of the operator. The above factors result in the following problems: the drilling rig needs to be moved frequently, the installation workload is large, the installation time is long, the daily maintenance work is heavy, the cost is high, and the economy is poor. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a quick tripping rig and its tripping method to solve the above problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: A quick tripping rig, comprising: a site multifunctional device arranged on the front site ground, for turning the drilling tool into a horizontal state or a vertical state; A power drill pipe box is located on at least one side of the site multi-functional device and is used to deliver drill bits to the site multi-functional device or receive drill bits from the site multi-functional device. The base is located on the ground behind the site multi-functional device. The base is equipped with a power slip for holding the drill bit at the center of the wellhead, an iron drill for attaching and detaching the drill bit at the wellhead, and a derrick. The upper part of the derrick is equipped with a top drive, the lower part of the top drive is equipped with a power chuck, and the middle part of the derrick is equipped with a pusher manipulator. The top drive, power chuck, and pusher manipulator are used to work together to move the drill bit from the site multi-functional device to the wellhead.

[0007] Alternatively, the multi-functional site device includes a base, with a tilting arm assembly hinged to the rear end of the base. The tilting arm assembly can be tilted relative to the base to switch between a horizontal and a vertical state for conveying drill bits to or transferring drill bits hoisted by the power jack. The tilting arm assembly includes a main frame with at least one set of clamps on it. The clamps can hold and release drill bits placed on the tilting arm assembly. When there are two or more sets of clamps, each set of clamps is spaced apart along the length of the tilting arm assembly.

[0008] Alternatively, the clamp includes a first linkage assembly, a fifth telescopic member connected to the bottom of the first linkage assembly, a base plate provided above the first linkage assembly, and a second linkage assembly connected above the first linkage assembly. A gripper is connected to the end of the second linkage assembly. The extension and retraction of the fifth telescopic member drives the first linkage assembly to rise and fall and the second linkage assembly to rotate, thereby pushing the base plate and the gripper to achieve three-point clamping or loosening of the drill bit.

[0009] Optionally, a tilting cylinder is also connected between the tilting arm assembly and the base, and the tilting cylinder extends and retracts to drive the tilting arm assembly to rotate around the base.

[0010] Optionally, the base is provided with at least one set of feeding and discharging mechanisms for conveying drill bits to the tilting arm assembly or transferring drill bits from the tilting arm assembly; the feeding and discharging mechanism includes a rotatable feeding mechanism located on at least one side of the base, a first telescopic member is provided between the feeding mechanism and the base, a lifting mechanism is rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeding mechanism, a second telescopic member is also provided between the lifting mechanism and the feeding mechanism, and a material blocking hook is provided on the relatively inner side of the lifting mechanism and the relatively outer side of the feeding mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the base is provided with a fixed bracket, and / or the main frame is provided with a support bracket; the fixed bracket and the support bracket have a V-shaped opening above them, and the rotation path of the feeding mechanism can pass through the lowest point of the V-shaped opening on the fixed bracket and the support bracket, so that the feeding mechanism can deliver the drill bit to the fixed bracket and / or the support bracket, or the drill bit on the fixed bracket and / or the support bracket can be transferred to the feeding mechanism; when both the fixed bracket and the support bracket are present, the upper surfaces of the fixed bracket and the support bracket are flush when the tilting arm assembly is in a horizontal state.

[0012] Alternatively, the tilting arm assembly may also have a tray at one end near its rotation axis, the support surface of the tray being perpendicular to the length direction of the tilting arm assembly, and the tray being located behind the clamp.

[0013] Alternatively, a first track is provided below the flip arm assembly along its length, the tray is slidably connected to the first track, and a third telescopic member is provided between the tray and the main frame, the third telescopic member extending and retracting to move the tray along the first track.

[0014] Alternatively, a column adjustment device is provided on one end of the base away from the rotation axis of the tilting arm assembly, and the column adjustment device is located at the front of the base. A second track is provided on the base along its length direction. The column adjustment device is slidably connected to the second track. A fourth telescopic member is also provided between the column adjustment device and the base. The fourth telescopic member extends and retracts to drive the column adjustment device to move along the second track.

[0015] Alternatively, the tubing adjustment device includes a baffle, with a tube detector and a cleaning brush on the rear side of the baffle, the cleaning brush being connected to a pneumatic motor.

[0016] Optionally, a towing device may be detachably connected to the bottom or side of the base, and a lifting device may be provided on the bottom or side of the base.

[0017] Alternatively, the pusher manipulator includes a pair of mounting bases mounted on the derrick, each mounting base being hinged to a boom, a pusher hydraulic cylinder being provided between the boom and the derrick, and a gripper being connected to the other end of the boom, the two grippers being arranged opposite each other and capable of opening and closing relative to each other to hold / release the drill string.

[0018] Alternatively, the base may have a forward-opening U-shaped groove on its front side, allowing the drill bit to be positioned within the U-shaped groove when the site multi-functional device flips the drill bit to a vertical position.

[0019] Alternatively, the center of the iron drill bit can be aligned with the center of the wellhead. The iron drill bit includes a threaded grease applicator for applying grease and a drill string alignment mechanism for automatically and quickly aligning the centers of the upper and lower drill strings during drill string connection. The threaded grease applicator and the drill string alignment mechanism are connected to the base via a telescopic arm structure.

[0020] A drilling method includes the following steps: Step 1: The power drill pipe box transfers the drill string to the site multi-functional device; Step 2: The site's multi-functional device flips the horizontally positioned drill bit into a vertical position; Step 3: Connect the power hoist and the pusher manipulator to the drill string, move the drill string to the center of the wellhead, and release the drill string with the pusher manipulator; Step 4: When there are no drill strings in the wellhead, the power jack lifts the current drill string and lowers it to the appropriate position, and the power slips hold the current drill string in place; when there are drill strings in the wellhead, the driller aligns the bottom of the current drill string with the top of the drill string below, the power slips open, the power jack lifts the current drill string and lowers it to the appropriate position, and the power slips hold the current drill string in place.

[0021] Alternatively, in step 1, in the initial state, the top drive moves to the low position, the lower end face of the power chuck reaches the set height from the drill platform and opens; the site multi-functional device tilting arm assembly is in a horizontal position, and the clamp is in the open state; the iron driller is in the waiting position; the pusher robot is in the vertical storage position; the power slip holds a lower drill bit of the same type. The power drill pipe box transmits the current drill bit to the feeding mechanism of the site multi-functional device, and the feeding mechanism then sends the current drill bit into the fixed bracket and the bearing bracket; at the same time, the top drive drives the power hoist upward. When the top drive is higher than the first set height, the lifting ring tilts forward and drives the power hoist to the top of the U-shaped groove. In step 2, the tray of the multi-functional site device moves forward a distance along the first track and stops when the bottom of the current drill bit contacts the tray or the distance is small. At the same time, the tubing adjustment device moves towards the center under the drive of the fourth telescopic component, and the pneumatic motor starts to drive the cleaning brush to rotate. When the tube detector on the tubing adjustment device senses the current drill bit joint, the fourth telescopic component immediately stops and cleans the internal threads of the current drill bit. After cleaning, the tubing adjustment device moves backward, and the air hole at the front end of the cleaning brush blows away the mud and dust. When the tube detector signal is lost, the pneumatic motor stops working. If the current drill bit length is short, the tubing adjustment device pushes the current drill bit backward a distance so that the current drill bit is in the gripper, and the tray moves forward again. When both upper and lower clamps close simultaneously, the tilting cylinder drives the tilting arm assembly to rotate upward around the hinge point connecting it to the base, tilting the horizontal drill string to a vertical position. At the same time, when the top drive is higher than the second set height, the iron drill bit extends from the storage position to the center of the wellhead to apply thread oil to the drill pipe. After the application is completed, the thread oil application device swings to the side. The top drive stops when it reaches the third set height. In step 3, the power chuck contacts the drill string and closes; the top drive slowly moves upward until the chuck load signal is triggered, the clamp opens at the same time, and the top drive continues to move upward at high speed to the fourth set height. At this point, the drill pipe is released from the tray, the tilting arm assembly rotates downward and returns to the ground. When the top drive continues to ascend at high speed to the fifth set height, the push-support manipulator begins to extend and grab the drill string. The power jack lifts the drill string, and the pusher arm moves the drill string to the center of the wellhead in sync. The pusher arm then releases the drill string. In step 4, the drill bit coupling mechanism couples the bottom of the current drill bit with the top of the drill bit below, twisting and tightening the coupling. The power slips open, and the power jack lowers the current drill string to the appropriate position. The power slips then hold the current drill string in place. At the same time, the power drill pipe box transports the next drill string to the site's multi-functional device.

[0022] A drilling method includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the power slips, and the power jack lifts the current drill string up until it leaves the power slips; when there are still drill strings in the wellhead, the power slips hold the lower drill string in place, and the driller disconnects the bottom of the current drill string from the top of the lower drill string. Step 2: Connect the power hoist and the pusher manipulator to the drill string, move the drill string to the site multi-functional device, and release the drill string with the pusher manipulator; Step 3: The site's multi-functional device flips the vertically positioned drill bit to a horizontal position; Step 4: The site multi-functional device transfers the drill string to the power drill pipe box.

[0023] Alternatively, in step 1, in the initial state, the iron driller is in the waiting position, the top drive is in the low position, the power chuck is closed and grabs the drill pipe, the power slip is closed and holds the drill string, the pusher manipulator is in the vertical storage position; the power mud box is in the waiting position; the site multi-functional device tilting arm assembly is in the tripping waiting position; and the power drill pipe box is in the tripping waiting position. The power slips open, and the power jack lifts the current drill string up until it leaves the power slips. When the top drive reaches the first set height, the power slips close and hold the lower drill string in place. The driller uncouples the bottom of the current drill string with the top of the lower drill string and returns it to the storage position. At the same time, the tilting arm assembly tilts upward to a vertical position, and the power mud box extends towards the wellhead to hold the joint of the current drill string. The top drive moves slightly upward to disengage. Simultaneously, the pusher arm extends and holds the current drill string. After the current drill string and the lower drill string are completely disengaged, the power mud box returns to the storage position. When there is no mud splashing, the power mud box does not need to participate in the process. In step 2, the power jack and the pusher manipulator work together to move the current drill string vertically to the top of the U-shaped groove; the top drive moves the current drill string down to the second set height, the pusher manipulator releases the current drill string, and then swings it back to the storage position; the top drive continues to move down to the third set height, the upper and lower clamps close simultaneously, the power jack opens and releases the drill string; the current drill string is then moved to the site multi-functional device; In step 3, the site multi-functional device flips the current drill string from a vertical position to a horizontal position; at the same time, the lifting ring drives the power lifting chuck to swing back, and the top drive moves down to grab the lower drill string held at the wellhead; In step 4, the multi-functional device tray moves backward or forward and then backward to detach the current drill bit; the clamp opens at the same time, and the feeding mechanism and lifting mechanism work together to transfer the drill bit to the power drill rod box.

[0024] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a rapid tripping and tripping drilling rig and its method, eliminating the need for a secondary platform and drill pipe box. By utilizing the flexible configuration and collaborative operation of multi-functional devices on the ground and the power drill pipe box, the drill pipe can be directly moved from the drill pipe box to the wellhead without temporary storage and transfer on the platform, achieving high efficiency in tripping and tripping operations. It also eliminates the need for equipment such as the derrick stand, power secondary platform, pipe handling machine, stand connection robot, rodent hole, and catwalk. This significantly reduces the number of automated equipment, lowers the load on the derrick and drill platform, reduces the requirements for the structural strength and rigidity of the derrick and drill platform, and reduces their overall dimensions. Furthermore, it can be equipped with a trailer module to store and move equipment and drill pipe in the same module, eliminating the need for cranes and lifting tools, thus achieving efficient, low-energy, and environmentally friendly operations. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic elevation view of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic plan view of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the derrick pushing manipulator of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional site device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism and lifting mechanism of the multi-functional site device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tubular adjustment device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the iron driller configured for the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the status of each piece of equipment at the start of the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the power drill rod box conveying the drill string to the site multi-functional device during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal adjustment and drill bit holding position of the multi-functional site device during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-functional site device and the power hoist handover drilling tool during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention, showing the simultaneous application of thread oil by the device.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the derrick pushing manipulator holding the drilling tools during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This invention illustrates the synchronous movement of the drilling tool to the center of the wellhead during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the iron driller engaging and applying torque during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the top drive driving the power hoist to lower the drilling tools into the wellhead during the drilling process of the novel drilling rig of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the background technology.

[0041] In the diagram, the markings are: 0 - Current drill bit, 0' - Drill bit below, 1 - Multifunctional site device, 101 - Base, 1011 - Feeding mechanism, 1012 - Lifting mechanism, 1013 - Fixed bracket, 1014 - First telescopic component, 1015 - Second telescopic component, 102 - Tilting arm assembly, 1021 - Clamp, 10211 - Fifth telescopic component, 10212 - First linkage assembly, 10213 - Claw, 10214 - Base plate, 10215 - Second linkage assembly, 1022 - Bearing bracket, 1023 - Pallet, 103 - Tilting cylinder, 104 - Tubing adjustment device, 1041 - Second track, 1042- Fourth telescopic component, 1043- Pipe detector, 1044- Cleaning brush, 1045- Pneumatic motor, 1046- Baffle, 105- Lifting device, 106- Trailer device, 2- Top drive, 3- Power hoist, 4- Pushing manipulator, 41- Mounting base, 42- Boom, 43- Hand clamp, 44- Pushing hydraulic cylinder, 5- Drilling tool, 51- Threaded oil application device, 52- Drill string coupling mechanism, 6- Power slips, 7- U-groove, 8- Power mud box, 9- Hydraulic power source, 10- Drillman's cabin, 11- Base, 12- Derrick, 13- Power drill pipe box. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0044] Example 1 A drilling rig with rapid tripping and tripping capabilities, comprising: The multi-functional device 1 is located on the ground in the foreground and is used to flip the drill bit to a horizontal or vertical position. A power drill pipe box 13 is disposed on at least one side of the site multi-functional device 1 and is used to deliver drill bits to the site multi-functional device 1 or receive drill bits from the site multi-functional device 1. The base 11 is located on the ground behind the site multi-functional device 1. The base 11 is equipped with a power slip 6 for holding the drill bit at the center of the wellhead, an iron drill 5 for attaching and detaching the drill bit at the wellhead, and a derrick 12. The upper part of the derrick 12 is equipped with a top drive 2, and the lower part of the top drive 2 is equipped with a power chuck 3. The middle part of the derrick 12 is equipped with a pusher manipulator 4. The top drive 2, the power chuck 3, and the pusher manipulator 4 are used to move the drill bit from the site multi-functional device 1 to the wellhead.

[0045] In this scheme, during drilling, the drill string stored in the power drill pipe box 13 is transferred to the site multi-functional device 1. The site multi-functional device 1 fixes the drill string and flips it to a vertical position. Then, the drill string is directly connected using the power jack 3 and the pusher manipulator 4, lifted and moved to the center of the wellhead. The power jack 3 is then used to lower the drill string to the wellhead. During tripping, the power jack 3 is used to lift the drill string directly from the wellhead, and the power jack 3 and the pusher manipulator 4 are used to move the drill string to the site multi-functional device 1. The site multi-functional device 1 then flips the vertical drill string to a horizontal position and transfers it to the power drill pipe box 13 for storage. Simultaneously, this scheme allows for direct tripping between the wellhead and the surface. When the drill string is at the wellhead, the power slips 6 hold the standpipe inside the well, and the drill string is directly connected or disconnected inside the wellhead using the iron drill 5, eliminating the need for pre-connection and disconnection of the standpipe, thus reducing unnecessary efficiency waste. Furthermore, the drill string stand is stored in the power drill pipe box 13 at the drilling rig's forecourt, improving site utilization, shortening drill string transport distance, and increasing efficiency. The process of connecting single drill pipes into a stand with the aid of a rat hole, and then having the drilling rig robot and pipe laying machine work together to simultaneously place the stand into the stand box and the second-level power platform, is eliminated. When the stand needs to be lowered to the wellhead, the drilling rig robot and pipe laying machine work together to simultaneously remove the target stand from the stand box and the second-level power platform and move it to the wellhead for delivery to the top drive 2, as well as the corresponding stand removal process. This eliminates the need for the related second-level derrick 12, drilling rig stand box, drilling rig robot, pipe laying machine, stand connection robot, and power rat hole. The system, including equipment such as the power catwalk, utilizes a multi-functional site device 1 and a power drill pipe box 13 working in tandem to switch the drilling string (including drill pipe, weighted drill pipe, drill collars, and casing) between horizontal and vertical positions. It enables automated and streamlined tripping operations directly between the wellhead and the surface, reducing the number of components, maintenance and procurement costs, and labor replacement expenses, thus alleviating long-term maintenance burdens. Furthermore, the fewer components required for the overall structure facilitate transportation and handling, reducing loading and unloading difficulties and transportation losses, thereby lowering logistics costs. In addition, the elimination of the second-level platform and the riser box significantly improves the stress distribution on the derrick 12 and the drilling platform, reducing the structural strength and rigidity requirements of the derrick 12, thus reducing its structural weight, lowering the center of gravity, and decreasing its overall dimensions. The power drill pipe box 13 can adopt the structures of ZL202211286603.3 and ZL202222790729.6.

[0046] Example 2 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, the site multi-functional device 1 includes a base 101, one end of which is hinged to a tilting arm assembly 102. The tilting arm assembly 102 can be tilted relative to the base 101 to switch between a horizontal and a vertical state for conveying drilling tools to or transferring drilling tools hoisted by the power jack 3. The tilting arm assembly 102 includes a main frame, on which at least one set of clamps 1021 are provided. The clamps 1021 can hold / release the drilling tools placed on the tilting arm assembly 102. When there are two or more sets of clamps 1021, each set of clamps 1021 is spaced apart along the length direction of the tilting arm assembly 102.

[0047] The base 101 provides a stable support foundation for the entire equipment, evenly distributing various loads generated during equipment operation to the mounting surface, ensuring the installation stability and operational safety of the overall structure. The tilting arm assembly 102, serving as the load-bearing structure for the drill string, is adapted to the length direction of the drill string, allowing it to be placed within the assembly, protecting its outer perimeter and fixing the pipe along its length. The tilting arm assembly 102 rotates along the base 101, with the rotating end located on the side of the base 101 closest to the derrick, enabling the drill string fixed inside to switch between horizontal and vertical positions. Simultaneously, when switched to the vertical position, the upper section of the drill string extends upwards beyond the drilling platform, facilitating docking with robotic arms and lifting devices above the platform. The tilting arm assembly 102 is hinged to the base 101 at its ends, resulting in a more compact structural layout, effectively saving installation space and reducing equipment weight. Furthermore, when the tilting arm assembly 102 is in a horizontal position, its length direction is aligned with that of the base 101, allowing the tilting arm assembly 102 to be completely placed inside the base 101, reducing space occupation and facilitating transportation during transfer. The main frame serves as the foundation for the tilting arm assembly 102, enabling the installation and fixation of its components, ensuring the overall structural stability. The clamp 1021 can retract or expand radially along the drill string, providing stable fixation and preventing loosening, displacement, or even falling due to changes in the center of gravity and force fluctuations during tilting. Two or more clamps 1021 can provide multi-point coordinated support and restraint for the drill string, ensuring structural stability after installation and constraining drill string deflection. This device eliminates the bulky support beam and cantilever structure; the main body tilting and lifting are achieved through the tilting arm assembly 102, significantly reducing weight. The overall drive adopts a tilting mechanism, effectively reducing the number of drive mechanisms required compared to a power catwalk, lowering the frequency of component replacement, and alleviating the burden of long-term maintenance. All driving components can be directly disassembled and installed at a low position, effectively reducing the difficulty and workload of maintenance, repair, and disassembly.

[0048] Optionally, the clamp 1021 includes a first linkage assembly 10212, a fifth telescopic member 10211 connected to the bottom of the first linkage assembly 10212, a base plate 10214 provided above the first linkage assembly 10212, and a second linkage assembly 10215 connected above the first linkage assembly 10212. A gripper 10213 is connected to the end of the second linkage assembly 10215. The extension and retraction of the fifth telescopic member 10211 drives the first linkage assembly 10212 to rise and fall and the second linkage assembly 10215 to rotate, thereby pushing the base plate 10214 and the gripper 10213 to achieve three-point clamping or loosening of the drill bit. The first linkage assembly 10212 is an X-shaped scissor linkage, comprising two links. One link is hinged at the bottom to the main frame and rotatably slidably connected to the top plate 10214. The other link is rotatably slidably connected at the bottom to the main frame and hinged to the top plate 10214. A fifth telescopic member 10211 is also connected to the bottom of this link. The extension and retraction of the fifth telescopic member 10211 drives the first linkage assembly 10212 to rise and fall. The second linkage assembly 10215 is a V-shaped linkage. One end of one link is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 10214, and the other end is hinged to another link. The other end of the other link is hinged to the upper part of the gripper 10213. The lower part of the gripper 10213 is hinged to the tilting arm assembly 102. Therefore, when the fifth telescopic component 10211 extends or retracts, the X-shaped scissor linkage drives the base plate 10214 to rise or fall, and the V-shaped linkage angle of the second linkage assembly 10215 changes, causing the gripper 10213 to rotate inward around its lower part. The gripper 10213 and the base plate 10214 all converge inward, thereby clamping the drill bit.

[0049] Optionally, a tilting hydraulic cylinder 103 is also connected between the tilting arm assembly 102 and the base 101. The tilting hydraulic cylinder 103 extends and retracts, causing the tilting arm assembly 102 to rotate around the base 101. The tilting hydraulic cylinder 103 can achieve stable transmission under low speed and high load, and can achieve precise positioning and self-locking to prevent displacement under load, thus improving the safety and stability of the operation. In addition, all the telescopic components mentioned in this solution are hydraulic cylinders, and the base 101 is equipped with a hydraulic power source 9. The telescopic operation control of the entire device is realized through the hydraulic power source 9, which simplifies the maintenance process and makes it easy to replace vulnerable parts, reducing the time and cost of long-term operation and maintenance. Except when the base 101 is equipped with a hydraulic power source 9, if no hydraulic power source is provided, costs can be saved by sharing the hydraulic power source with the drilling rig.

[0050] Example 3 Based on the foregoing embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, the base 101 is provided with at least one set of feeding and discharging mechanisms for conveying drill bits to the tilting arm assembly 102 or transferring drill bits from the tilting arm assembly 102; the feeding and discharging mechanism includes a rotatable feeding mechanism 1011 disposed on at least one side of the base 101, and a first telescopic member 1014 is provided between the feeding mechanism 1011 and the base 101, the first telescopic member 1014 extending and retracting to drive the feeding mechanism 1011 to rotate around the base 101; the inner side of the feeding mechanism 1011 rotates. A lifting mechanism 1012 is connected to the material lifting mechanism 1012. A second telescopic member 1015 is also provided between the lifting mechanism 1012 and the feeding mechanism 1011. The telescopic member 1015 extends and retracts, causing the lifting mechanism 1012 to rotate around the feeding mechanism 1011. A material blocking hook is provided on the relatively inner side of the lifting mechanism 1012 and the relatively outer side of the feeding mechanism 1011. When the feeding mechanisms 1011 are respectively located on both sides of the base 101, the two feeding mechanisms 1011 are symmetrically arranged. When the feeding and discharging mechanisms include two or more sets, each set of feeding and discharging mechanisms is spaced apart in the front-to-back direction.

[0051] The feeding mechanism 1011 is a strip structure perpendicular to the length direction of the base 101. The feeding mechanism 1011 is rotated around the base 101 by the extension and retraction of the first telescopic member 1014. The rotation axis of the feeding mechanism 1011 is set along the length direction of the base 101, which can adjust the angle of the feeding mechanism 1011 relative to the base 101. When the drill bit is placed on the feeding and discharging mechanism, the feeding mechanism 1011 is tilted relative to the inside. No matter where the drill bit is placed, it can slide along the feeding mechanism 1011 towards the middle of the base 101 to the locking axis of the flipping arm assembly 102. This reduces the accuracy requirements for placing the drill bit, thereby reducing the need to avoid the impact of deviation on the use of the equipment, reducing the need for mechanical structures or electrical control systems for precision control, reducing the number of overall components, and reducing the cost of the device and transportation. The rotating shaft of the lifting mechanism 1012 is also arranged along the length of the base 101. Its inner side has an outward-facing stop hook, or its main body is a stop hook structure. When the drill bit needs to be removed from the tilting arm assembly 102, the rotation of the lifting mechanism 1012 and the limiting action of the stop hook rotate the drill bit to the end of the feeding mechanism 1011. Simultaneously, the feeding mechanism 1011 tilts outward, allowing the drill bit to automatically slide to the outer end of the feeding mechanism 1011. Furthermore, the stop hook, located outside the feeding mechanism 1011 and bent inward, limits the outward sliding of the drill bit, preventing it from falling out. When the drill bit is inserted from one side, each set of feeding and discharging mechanisms may only include one feeding mechanism 1011 and its lifting mechanism 1012, the position of which is adapted according to the insertion position. Preferably, when the drill bit is inserted from both sides, or when the insertion range is wider, the feeding mechanism 1011 and the lifting mechanism 1012 of each set of feeding and discharging mechanisms may only include two symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 101.

[0052] Example 4 Based on the foregoing embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, a fixed bracket 1013 is provided on the base 101, and / or a supporting bracket 1022 is provided on the main frame; the fixed bracket 1013 and the supporting bracket 1022 have V-shaped openings above them, and the rotation path of the feeding mechanism 1011 can pass through the lowest point of the V-shaped openings on the fixed bracket 1013 and the supporting bracket 1022, so that the feeding mechanism 1011 can deliver the drill bit to the fixed bracket 1013 and / or the supporting bracket 1022, or the drill bit on the fixed bracket 1013 and / or the supporting bracket 1022 can be transferred to the feeding mechanism 1011; when the fixed bracket 1013 and the supporting bracket 1022 are present at the same time, the upper surfaces of the fixed bracket 1013 and the supporting bracket 1022 are flush when the tilting arm assembly 102 is in a horizontal state.

[0053] The fixed bracket 1013 and the support bracket 1022 can pre-support the drill bit before the clamp 1021 fixes it. Combined with the feeding / discharging mechanism of the previous embodiment, when the drill bit slides inward from the feeding mechanism 1011 to the clamp 1021 and detaches from it, there may be a certain vertical impact force. The fixed bracket 1013 and the support bracket 1022 can support the drill bit at this time, and then the movement of the clamp 1021 clamps and fixes the drill bit at the fixed bracket 1013 and the support bracket 1022, preventing damage to the clamp 1021 due to the impact force and reducing the equipment's lifespan. Furthermore, the V-shaped opening allows for centering of the drill bit, improving positioning efficiency and accuracy, facilitating gripping by the clamp 1021, and adapting to drill bits of different specifications within a certain size range. The number and spacing of the fixed bracket 1013 and the bearing bracket 1022 can be set according to the actual length of the base 101 and the tilting arm assembly 102. The fixed bracket 1013 and / or the bearing bracket 1022 can be one or more.

[0054] Example 5 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, a tray 1023 is also provided on one end of the tilting arm assembly 102 near its rotation axis. The supporting surface of the tray 1023 is perpendicular to the length direction of the tilting arm assembly 102, and the tray 1023 is located behind the clamping clamp 1021. During the tilting process of the drill string, its gravity direction changes from radial to axial, while the clamping direction of the clamping clamp 1021 is radial. Through the tray 1023 at the axial bottom, the axial bottom of the drill string can be supported, preventing the drill string from sliding downwards due to lack of clamping after tilting and causing the drill string to fall.

[0055] Furthermore, a first track is provided below the tilting arm assembly 102 along its length. The tray 1023 is slidably connected to the first track, and a third telescopic member is provided between the tray 1023 and the main frame. The telescopic member extends and retracts, causing the tray 1023 to move along the first track. The movable tray 1023 can be adaptively adjusted in position according to the length of the drill string. Specifically, the tray 1023 moves towards the drill string until the bottom of the drill string is close to or within a small distance of the tray 1023, providing support for the drill string during the tilting process. Together with the clamp 1021, it provides fixation in multiple directions, directly preventing the drill string from sliding and falling.

[0056] Example 6 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, a tubing adjustment device 104 is also provided at the end of the base 101 away from the rotation axis of the tilting arm assembly 102, and the tubing adjustment device 104 is located at the front of the base 101. A second track 1041 is provided on the base 101 along its length direction, and the tubing adjustment device 104 is slidably connected to the second track 1041. A fourth telescopic member is also provided between the tubing adjustment device 104 and the base 101, and the extension and retraction of the fourth telescopic member drives the tubing adjustment device 104 to move along the second track 1041. When the drill string is short, when the drill string enters the tilting arm assembly 102, it may be located at a part of the length direction of the tilting arm assembly 102. The tubing adjustment device 104 can push the drill string towards the tilting point, ensuring that the drill string can be clamped by more clamping pliers 1021, thereby achieving the fixation of the drill string.

[0057] Furthermore, the tubing adjustment device includes a baffle 1046, with a tubing detector and a cleaning brush 1044 located on its rear side. The cleaning brush 1044 is connected to a pneumatic motor. The baffle 1046 can push the drill string backward and provides an assembly platform for the tubing detector and the cleaning brush 1044. The tubing detector can detect whether the baffle 1046 is close to the drill string and provide feedback to the control system, issuing corresponding commands. After contacting the drill string, the cleaning brush 1044 is rotated by the pneumatic motor to clean the drill string. The tubing detector and the cleaning brush 1044 are positioned on the rear side of the baffle 1046 corresponding to the drill string's position, so as to contact the front side of the drill string. The pneumatic motor can be located on the front side of the baffle 1046 to rotate the cleaning brush 1044 without causing structural interference to the cleaning tools. In addition, the Cleaning Brush 1044 is equipped with air holes, which can blow away impurities at the front end of the drill bit.

[0058] Example 7 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, a towing device 106 is detachably connected to the bottom or side of the base 101, and a lifting device 105 is provided on the bottom or side of the base 101. The towing device 106 facilitates the transport of this device between different work locations, allowing it to be directly attached to the rear of a corresponding trailer, reducing the difficulty and workload of assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, the towing device 106 includes a towing pin for docking with a trailer and tires detachably connected to the base 101. During operation, the tires are removed to prevent them from bearing weight for extended periods. The lifting device 105 elevates the base 101, creating a certain distance between it and the ground, enabling the installation of the towing device 106, facilitating ground-based operation and elevated transport of the base 101, and preventing the base 101 from contacting the ground or ground protrusions during equipment transport. When the trailer module is selected, four lifting devices 105 and two trailer devices 106 are symmetrically connected to the corresponding connection interfaces on the base 101. The tilting arm assembly 102 tilts to a horizontal position, and the four lifting cylinders at the front and rear operate synchronously. After lifting to a certain height, the trailer device 106 is first fixed to the base 101, and then the two rear lifting devices 105 continue to lift until the height is suitable for connecting the trailer. Then, the multi-functional tubular column handling device is connected to the trailer. After the connection is completed, the four lifting devices 105 retract and lock synchronously, the tires of the trailer device 106 touch the ground, and the multi-functional tubular column handling device can start to move under the drive of the trailer.

[0059] Example 8 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, the pusher manipulator 4 includes a pair of mounting seats mounted on the derrick 12. Each mounting seat is hinged to a boom 42, and a pusher hydraulic cylinder 44 is provided between the boom 42 and the derrick 12. The other end of the boom 42 is connected to a clamp 43, and the two clamps 43 are arranged opposite to each other and can open and close relative to each other to hold / release the drill string. The mounting seats can connect the pusher manipulator 4 to the derrick 12, providing a supporting base so that the pusher manipulator 4 can move relative to the derrick 12, thereby driving the drill string to move. The pusher hydraulic cylinder 44 is hinged to both the derrick 12 and the boom 42. By extending and retracting, it drives the boom 42 to rotate around the mounting seat. Specifically, the pusher manipulator 4 is located on the rear side of the derrick 12. When the power jack 3 lifts the drill string, the rotation of the boom 42 enables the drill string to move backward and downward. In addition, the bottoms of the two booms 42 are connected to achieve synchronous movement of the two grippers 43, avoiding misalignment of the drill bit due to different positions, which would lead to chaotic operation.

[0060] Example 9 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, the front side of the base 11 is provided with a forward-opening U-shaped groove 7. When the multi-functional site device 1 flips the drill string to a vertical position, the drill string can be located within the U-shaped groove 7. The U-shaped groove 7 allows for adjustment of the drill string's position, bringing it closer to the wellhead center, facilitating quick alignment, and reducing the required working length of the moving components. Simultaneously, it minimizes the impact on the overall dimensions of the base 11, ensuring stable support for the drilling rig structure, and does not affect the placement space of other components on the base 11.

[0061] Example 10 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as an additional technical feature, in this embodiment, the center of the drill bit 5 can be aligned with the center of the wellhead. The drill bit 5 includes a threaded oil application device 51 for applying lubricating grease and a drill string coupling mechanism 52 for automatically and quickly aligning the centers of the upper and lower drill strings during drill string connection. The threaded oil application device 51 and the drill string coupling mechanism 52 are connected to the base 11 via a telescopic arm structure. The hydraulic moving assembly can move in and out of the drill string joint, thereby quickly and conveniently applying threaded oil to the drill string joint. The threaded oil is applied evenly, improving the service life of the drill string joint. It also saves working time, increases drilling efficiency, and reduces the labor intensity of workers. The drill string coupling mechanism 52 can accurately align the drill pipe joints and achieve a tight connection through a certain mechanical device, ensuring a firm and reliable connection between the drill pipes and preventing loosening or leakage during drilling. When drilling operations are completed for a period of time, or when it is necessary to replace drill pipes, drill bits, or other components, the drill string coupling mechanism 52 can easily disassemble the connection between the drill pipes for subsequent operations.

[0062] Example 11 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, as additional technical features, this embodiment also includes a power mud box 8, a hydraulic power source 9, and a driller's cabin 10. The power mud box 8 prevents mud splashing and recovers mud; the hydraulic power source 9 provides power to related equipment such as the iron driller 5, the pusher manipulator 4, the mud release device, and the power slips 6; the driller's cabin 10 serves as the nerve center and control center of the drilling rig. Existing mature products can be used for its selection.

[0063] Example 12 A drilling method includes the following steps: Step 1: The power drill pipe box 13 transfers the drill string to the site multi-functional device 1; Step 2: The site multi-functional device 1 flips the horizontal drill bit into a vertical position; Step 3: Connect the power hoist 3 and the pusher manipulator 4 to the drill string, move the drill string to the center of the wellhead, and then release the drill string from the pusher manipulator 4; Step 4: When there are no drill strings in the wellhead, the power jack 3 lifts the current drill string 0 and lowers it to the appropriate position, and the power slips 6 hold the current drill string 0 in place; when there are drill strings in the wellhead, the iron driller 5 aligns the bottom of the current drill string 0 with the top of the drill string 0' below it, the power slips 6 open, the power jack 3 lifts the current drill string 0 and lowers it to the appropriate position, and the power slips 6 hold the current drill string 0 in place.

[0064] The specific implementation process is as follows: In step 1, the process begins with the status of each device: such as... Figure 8 The single drill string male connector faces the drilling rig, and multiple layers are horizontally stacked in the power drill pipe box 13. When drilling begins, the tilting arm assembly 102 of the multi-functional device 1 is in a horizontal state, the clamp 1021 is in an open state, the feeding mechanism 1011 is in an inward tilting state, and the lifting mechanism 1012 is open outward; the power slip 6 at the wellhead is in a closed state, holding the drill string 0' below the well; the iron drill 5 is in the storage position, and the threaded oil application device 51 and the drill string coupling mechanism 52 are in an open state; the power jack 3 held by the lifting ring of the top drive 2 is in a low position at the wellhead, the power jack 3 is in an open state, and the lifting ring of the top drive 2 tilts backward; like Figure 9 The power drill rod box 13 transmits the current drill bit 0 to the feeding mechanism 1011 of the site multi-functional device 1. The feeding mechanism 1011 then sends the current drill bit 0 into the fixed bracket 1013 and the bearing bracket 1022. At the same time, the top drive 2 drives the power hoist 3 to move upward. When the top drive 2 is higher than the first set height, the lifting ring tilts forward and drives the power hoist 3 to the top of the U-shaped groove 7. In step 2, as Figure 10 The tray 1023 of the multi-functional device 1 moves forward a distance along the first track and stops when the bottom of the current drill bit 0 contacts the tray 1023 or the distance is small. At the same time, the tubing adjustment device 104 moves towards the center under the drive of the fourth telescopic member 1042. The pneumatic motor 1045 starts to drive the cleaning brush 1044 to rotate. When the pipe detector 1043 on the tubing adjustment device 104 senses the drill pipe joint, the fourth telescopic member 1042 immediately stops and cleans the internal thread of the current drill bit 0. After cleaning, the tubing adjustment device 104 moves backward, and the air hole at the front end of the cleaning brush 1044 blows away the mud and dust. When the signal of the pipe detector 1043 is lost, the pneumatic motor 1045 stops working. When the length of the current drill bit 0 is short, the tubing adjustment device 104 pushes the current drill bit 0 backward a distance so that the current drill bit 0 is in the gripper 1021, and the tray 1023 moves forward again. like Figure 11When both upper and lower clamps 1021 are closed simultaneously, the tilting cylinder 103 drives the tilting arm assembly 102 to rotate upward around the hinge point connecting it to the base 101, tilting the horizontal drill string to a vertical position. At the same time, when the top drive 2 is higher than the second set height, the iron drill 5 extends from the storage position to the center of the wellhead and applies grease to the female thread of the lower drill string 0'. After the grease is applied, the thread grease application device 51 swings outward to allow the drill string to enter the iron drill 5 channel. The iron drill 5 remains in the wellhead position, holding the female connector of the lower drill string 0' held by the power slip 6. The top drive 2 stops when it reaches the third set height. In step 3, as Figure 12-13 When the power jack 3 touches the current drill string 0, it closes; the top drive 2 slowly moves upward until the jack load signal is triggered, the clamp 1021 opens at the same time, and the top drive 2 continues to move upward at high speed to the fourth set height. When the drill pipe is disengaged from the tray 1023, the tilting arm assembly 102 rotates downward and returns to the ground. When the top drive 2 continues to ascend at high speed to the fifth set height, the push-support manipulator 4 begins to extend and hold the drill string. like Figure 14 The power hoist 3 lifts the drill string, and the pusher manipulator 4 moves the drill string to the center of the wellhead in sync. At this time, the drill string 0 is exactly in the rotary coupling of the iron driller 5. Then the clamp 43 of the pusher manipulator 4 on the derrick 12 opens, and the boom 42 returns to the initial position. In step 4, as Figure 15 The power hoist 3 slowly lowers the current drill bit 0, and the drill bit coupling mechanism of the iron driller 5 supports the upper current drill bit 0, guiding the male connector of the upper current drill bit 0 into the female connector of the lower drill bit 0'. The drill bit coupling mechanism 52 couples the bottom of the current drill bit 0 with the top of the lower drill bit 0', twisting and tightening; at this time, the tilting arm assembly 102 of the site multi-functional device 1 has been tilted to a horizontal state; After the drill string 5 is engaged, it retracts to its initial state. The power slip 6 opens, and the power chuck 3 lowers the current drill string 0 to the appropriate position. The power slip 6 holds the current drill string 0 in place. The power chuck 3 opens, and the top drive 2 swings its lifting ring backward to clear the wellhead. At the same time, the power drill pipe box 13 transports the next drill string to the site multi-functional device 1.

[0065] Example 13 A drilling method includes the following steps: Step 1: The power slip 6 is opened, and the power hoist 3 lifts the current drill string 0 up until it leaves the power slip 6; when there are still drill strings in the wellhead, the power slip 6 holds the lower drill string 0', and the iron driller 5 disconnects the bottom of the current drill string 0 from the top of the lower drill string 0'. Step 2: The power hoist 3 and the pusher manipulator 4 dock the drill string, move the current drill string 0 to the site multi-functional device 1, and the pusher manipulator 4 releases the current drill string 0; Step 3: The site multi-functional device 1 flips the current drill string 0 from a vertical position to a horizontal position; Step 4: The site multi-functional device 1 transmits the current drill string 0 to the power drill pipe box 13.

[0066] The specific implementation process is as follows: In step 1, the process begins with the following equipment states: the wellhead power slip 6 is in the closed state, holding the drill string in the well; the lifting ring of the top drive 2 is tilted backward, and the power lifting slip 3 it is holding is in the low position at the wellhead and in the open state; the iron drill 5 is in the storage position, and the threaded oil application device 51 and the drill string coupling mechanism 52 are in the open state; the tilting arm assembly 102 of the site multi-functional device 1 is in the horizontal state, the clamp 1021 is in the open state, the feeding mechanism 1011 is tilted inward, and the lifting mechanism 1012 is opened outward; When starting the tripping process, the top drive 2 lifting ring first returns to the center and tilts forward. The power jack 3 touches the current drill string 0 and then closes. The power slip 6 opens and the power jack 3 lifts the current drill string 0 up until it leaves the power slip 6. When the top drive reaches the first set height, the power slip 6 closes and holds the lower drill string 0'. The iron drill 5 extends from the storage position to the wellhead and clamps the connection between the female connector of the lower drill string 0' and the male connector of the current drill string 0. Then the iron drill 5 starts the uncoupling procedure to disassemble and separate the threads. After uncoupling, it returns to the storage position. At the same time, the tilting arm assembly 102 tilts upward to the vertical position. The power mud box 8 extends towards the wellhead and grips the connector of the current drill string 0, while the top drive 2 moves slightly upward to disengage; at the same time, the pusher arm 4 extends and grips the current drill string 0; after the current drill string 0 and the lower drill string 0' are completely disengaged, the power mud box 8 returns to the storage position; when there is no mud splashing, the power mud box 8 may not participate in the process. In step 2, the power hoist 3 and the pusher manipulator 4 work together to move the current drill string 0 vertically to the top of the U-shaped groove 7; the top drive 2 carries the current drill string 0 down to the second set height, the pusher manipulator 4 releases the current drill string 0, and then swings back to the storage position; the top drive 2 continues to descend to the third set height, the upper and lower clamps 1021 close simultaneously, the power hoist 3 opens to release the drill string; the current drill string 0 is then moved to the site multi-functional device; In step 3, the site multi-functional device 1 flips the current drill string 0 from a vertical position to a horizontal position; at the same time, the lifting ring drives the power lifting jack 3 to swing backward, and the top drive 2 descends to grab the lower drill string 0' held at the wellhead; In step 4, the multi-functional device 1 tray 1023 moves backward or forward and then backward to disengage the current drill bit 0; the clamp 1021 opens simultaneously; the lifting mechanism 1012 rotates upward around the hinge point of the feeding mechanism 1011 and the lifting mechanism 1012, and when it contacts the drill bit, it hooks the drill bit and continues to rotate upward until the long straight surface of the lifting mechanism 1012 is on the same plane as the feeding mechanism 1011 and stops. The drill bit rolls to the edge of the feeding mechanism 1011 and is blocked by the stop hook; the power drill rod box 13 catches the drill bit and transfers the drill bit back into the power drill rod box 13. The drill bit is stacked horizontally in multiple layers in the drill rod box, and the single drill bit male connector is kept facing the drilling machine.

[0067] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention extends to any new features or combinations disclosed in this specification, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that detailed technical features not disclosed in this embodiment, such as specific structures, are all prior art and can be obtained by those skilled in the art from the prior art; the connection method can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a fixed connection, a movable connection, or a hinged connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific manner of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances, and the present disclosure does not specifically limit this aspect.

Claims

1. A drilling rig for rapid tripping in and out of the drill string, characterized in that, include: A multi-functional device (1) is installed on the ground in front of the site to flip the drill bit into a horizontal or vertical state. A power drill pipe box (13) is provided on at least one side of the site multi-functional device (1) for conveying drill bits to the site multi-functional device (1) or receiving drill bits from the site multi-functional device (1). The base (11) is located on the ground behind the site multi-functional device (1). The base (11) is equipped with a power slip (6) for holding the drill bit at the center of the wellhead, an iron drill (5) for attaching and detaching the screws at the wellhead, and a derrick (12). The derrick (12) is equipped with a top drive (2) inside. A power jack (3) is suspended from the lower part of the top drive (2). A pusher (4) is provided in the middle and rear part of the derrick (12). The top drive (2), the power jack (3), and the pusher (4) are used to move the drill bit between the site multi-functional device (1) and the wellhead.

2. The drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The site multifunctional device (1) includes a base (101), and a tilting arm assembly (102) is hinged to the rear end of the base (101). The tilting arm assembly (102) can be tilted relative to the base (101) to switch between a horizontal state and a vertical state for conveying drilling tools to the power jack (3) or transferring drilling tools hoisted by the power jack (3). The tilting arm assembly (102) includes a main frame, and at least one set of clamps (1021) is provided on the main frame. The clamps (1021) can hold / release the drilling tools placed on the tilting arm assembly (102). When there are two or more sets of clamps (1021), each set of clamps (1021) is spaced apart along the length direction of the tilting arm assembly (102).

3. The drilling rig as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The base (101) is provided with at least one set of feeding and discharging mechanisms for conveying drill bits to the tilting arm assembly (102) or transferring drill bits on the tilting arm assembly (102); the feeding and discharging mechanism includes a rotatable feeding mechanism (1011) located on at least one side of the base (101), a first telescopic member (1014) is provided between the feeding mechanism (1011) and the base (101), a lifting mechanism (1012) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the feeding mechanism (1011), a second telescopic member (1015) is also provided between the lifting mechanism (1012) and the feeding mechanism (1011), and a material blocking hook is provided on the relatively inner side of the lifting mechanism (1012) and the relatively outer side of the feeding mechanism (1011).

4. The drilling rig as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The base (101) is provided with a fixed bracket (1013), and / or the main frame is provided with a support bracket (1022); the fixed bracket (1013) and the support bracket (1022) have V-shaped openings above them, and the rotation path of the feeding mechanism (1011) can pass through the lowest point of the V-shaped openings on the fixed bracket (1013) and the support bracket (1022), so that the feeding mechanism (1011) can deliver the drill bit to the fixed bracket (1013) and / or the support bracket (1022), or the drill bit on the fixed bracket (1013) and / or the support bracket (1022) can be transferred to the feeding mechanism (1011); when the fixed bracket (1013) and the support bracket (1022) are present at the same time, the upper surfaces of the fixed bracket (1013) and the support bracket (1022) are flush when the tilting arm assembly (102) is in a horizontal state.

5. The drilling rig as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The flip arm assembly (102) is also provided with a tray (1023) at one end near its rotation axis. The support surface of the tray (1023) is perpendicular to the length direction of the flip arm assembly (102), and the tray (1023) is located on the rear side of the clamp (1021).

6. The drilling rig as described in claim 2, characterized in that: A column adjustment device (104) is provided on one end of the base (101) away from the rotation axis of the tilting arm assembly (102), and the column adjustment device (104) is located at the front of the base (101). A second track (1041) is provided on the base (101) along its length direction. The column adjustment device (104) is slidably connected to the second track (1041). A fourth telescopic member (1042) is also provided between the column adjustment device (104) and the base (101). The fourth telescopic member (1042) extends and retracts, driving the column adjustment device (104) to move along the second track (1041).

7. The drilling rig as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The tubing adjustment device (104) includes a baffle (1046), and a tube detector (1043) and a cleaning brush (1044) are provided on the rear side of the baffle (1046). The cleaning brush (1044) is connected to a pneumatic motor (1045).

8. The drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The push-support manipulator (4) includes a pair of mounting seats (41) mounted on the derrick (12), each mounting seat is hinged to a boom (42), a push-support cylinder (44) is provided between the boom (42) and the derrick (12), and a clamp (43) is connected to the other end of the boom (42). The two clamps (43) are arranged opposite to each other and can be opened and closed relative to each other to hold / release the drill string.

9. The drilling rig as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The base (11) has a forward-opening U-shaped groove (7) on its front side. When the site multi-functional device (1) flips the drill bit into a vertical state, the drill bit can be located in the U-shaped groove (7).

10. The drilling rig as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The center of the iron drill (5) can be aligned with the center of the wellhead. The iron drill (5) includes a threaded oil applicator (51) for applying grease and a drill string coupling mechanism (52) for automatically and quickly aligning the centers of the upper and lower drill strings during the connection process. The threaded oil applicator (51) and the drill string coupling mechanism (52) are connected to the base (11) through a telescopic arm structure.

11. A drilling method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The power drill pipe box (13) transfers the drill string to the site multi-functional device (1). Step 2, Site Multifunctional Device (1) Flips the horizontal drill bit to a vertical position; Step 3: Connect the power hoist (3) and the pusher manipulator (4) to the drill string, move the drill string to the center of the wellhead, and release the drill string with the pusher manipulator (4); Step 4: When there are no drill bits in the wellhead, the power jack (3) lowers the current drill bit (0) to the appropriate position, and the power slips (6) hold the current drill bit (0); when there are drill bits in the wellhead, the iron driller (5) aligns the bottom of the current drill bit (0) with the top of the drill bit (0') below, the power slips (6) open, the power jack (3) lowers the current drill bit (0) to the appropriate position, and the power slips (6) hold the current drill bit (0).

12. The drilling method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, In step 1, in the initial state, the top drive (2) moves to the low position, and the lower end face of the power hoist (3) reaches the set height from the drilling platform and opens; The site multi-functional device (1) has a tilting arm assembly (102) in a horizontal position and a clamp (1021) in an open state; the iron drill (5) is in a waiting position; the push-support manipulator (4) is in a vertical storage position; and the power slip (6) holds a lower drill bit (0') of the same type. The power drill pipe box (13) transmits the current drill bit (0) to the feeding mechanism (1011) of the site multi-functional device (1), and the feeding mechanism (1011) then sends the current drill bit (0) into the fixed bracket (1013) and the bearing bracket (1022); at the same time, the top drive (2) drives the power hoist (3) to move upward. When the top drive (2) is higher than the first set height, the lifting ring tilts forward and drives the power hoist (3) to the top of the U-shaped groove (7); In step 2, the tray (1023) of the site multi-functional device (1) moves forward a distance along the first track until the bottom of the current drill bit (0) contacts the tray (1023) or the distance is not large; at the same time, the tubing adjustment device (104) moves towards the center under the drive of the fourth telescopic member (1042), and the pneumatic motor (1045) starts to drive the cleaning brush (1044) to rotate. When the pipe detector (1043) on the tubing adjustment device (1044) senses the current drill bit (0) joint, the fourth telescopic member (1042) moves towards the center. 042) Immediately stop the operation and clean the internal thread of the current drill bit (0). After cleaning, the tubing adjustment device (104) moves backward, and at the same time, the air hole at the front end of the cleaning brush (1044) blows away the mud and dust. When the signal of the tube detector (1043) is lost, the pneumatic motor (1045) stops working. When the length of the current drill bit (0) is short, the tubing adjustment device (104) pushes the current drill bit (0) backward a distance so that the current drill bit (0) is in the clamp (1021), and the tray (1023) moves forward. The upper and lower clamps (1021) are closed simultaneously, and the tilting cylinder (103) drives the tilting arm assembly (102) to rotate upward around the connection hinge point between it and the base (101) to tilt the horizontal drill string to a vertical position; at the same time, when the top drive (2) is higher than the second set height, the iron drill (5) extends from the storage position to the center of the wellhead to apply thread oil to the drill pipe at the wellhead. After the application is completed, the thread oil application device (51) swings to the side; the top drive (2) stops when it reaches the third set height; In step 3, the power jack (3) touches the drill string and closes; the top drive (2) moves slowly upward until the jack load signal is triggered, the clamp (1021) opens at the same time, and the top drive (2) continues to move upward at high speed to the fourth set height. When the drill string is disengaged from the tray (1023), the tilting arm assembly (102) rotates downward and returns to the ground. When the top drive (2) continues to move upward at high speed to the fifth set height, the push-support manipulator (4) begins to extend and hold the drill bit; The power hoist (3) lifts the drill string, and the pusher manipulator (4) moves the drill string to the center of the wellhead in sync. The pusher manipulator (4) then releases the drill string. In step 4, the drill bit coupling mechanism (52) couples the bottom of the current drill bit (0) with the top of the drill bit (0') below, and screws and tightens the coupling. The power slip (6) opens, the power chuck (3) lifts the current drill string (0) and lowers it to the appropriate position, and the power slip (6) holds the current drill string (0); at the same time, the power drill pipe box (13) transports the next drill string to the site multi-functional device (1) in parallel.

13. A method for pulling out of a drill bit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The power slip (6) is opened, and the power hoist (3) lifts the current drill string (0) up to leave the power slip (6); when there is still a drill string in the wellhead, the power slip (6) holds the lower drill string (0'), and the iron driller (5) disconnects the bottom of the current drill string (0) from the top of the lower drill string (0'); Step 2: The power hoist (3) and the pusher manipulator (4) dock the drill string, move the drill string to the site multi-functional device (1), and the pusher manipulator (4) releases the drill string; Step 3, Site Multifunctional Device (1) Flips the vertical drill bit to a horizontal position; Step 4: The site multi-functional device (1) transfers the drill string to the power drill pipe box (13).

14. The drilling method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, In step 1, in the initial state, the iron drill (5) is in the waiting position, the top drive (2) is in the low position, the power chuck (3) is closed and grabs the drill pipe, the power slip (6) is closed and holds the drill bit, the pusher manipulator (4) is in the vertical storage position; the power mud box (8) is in the waiting position; the site multi-functional device (1) tilting arm assembly is in the tripping waiting position; the power drill pipe box (13) is in the tripping waiting position. The power slip (6) opens, and the power jack (3) lifts the current drill string (0) up until it leaves the power slip (6). When the top drive reaches the first set height, the power slip (6) closes and holds the lower drill string (0'). The iron driller (5) uncouples the bottom of the current drill string (0) with the top of the lower drill string (0') and returns to the storage position after uncoupling. At the same time, the tilting arm assembly (102) tilts upward to a vertical position, and the power mud box (8) extends to the wellhead to hold the joint of the current drill string (0). The top drive (2) moves upward slightly to disengage. At the same time, the pusher arm (4) extends and holds the current drill string (0). After the current drill string (0) and the lower drill string (0') are completely separated, the power mud box (8) returns to the storage position. When there is no mud splashing, the power mud box (8) does not need to participate in the process. In step 2, the power hoist (3) and the pusher manipulator (4) work together to move the current drill bit (0) vertically to the top of the U-shaped groove (7); The top drive (2) carries the current drill string (0) down to the second set height, pushes the manipulator (4) to release the current drill string (0), and then swings back to the storage position; the top drive (2) continues to descend to the third set height, the upper and lower clamps (1021) close at the same time, the power jack (3) opens to release the drill string; the current drill string (0) is moved to the site multi-functional device; In step 3, the site multi-functional device (1) flips the current drill string (0) from a vertical position to a horizontal position; at the same time, the lifting ring drives the power lifting clamp (3) to swing back, and the top drive (2) moves down to grab the lower drill string (0') held at the wellhead. In step 4, the site multi-functional device (1) tray (1023) moves backward or forward and then backward to disengage the current drill bit (0); the clamp (1021) opens at the same time, and the feeding mechanism (1011) and the lifting mechanism (1012) work together to transfer the drill bit to the power drill rod box (13).

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