Marine seismic wave static sounding device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, in particular to an ocean seismic wave static sounding device and method, and the device comprises a probe rod, a seismic wave generator, a static sounding device and a probe; the seismic wave generator comprises a main body, an excitation mechanism and a generation mechanism which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction, air holes are formed in the main body, the excitation mechanism and the generation mechanism and communicate with one another, gas enters the main body through the air holes and cooperates with the excitation mechanism to generate seismic waves, and the generation mechanism controls the main body and the excitation mechanism to circularly generate the seismic waves; the static sounding device comprises a clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism arranged close to the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod, and the driving mechanism is connected with the seismic wave generator; the probe is connected with the probe rod and installed at the end, away from the clamping mechanism, of the probe rod. The automatic, continuous and stable seismic source output is realized, and the problem caused by dependence on an external impact source in the existing marine seismic wave static sounding test technology is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, specifically to a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Marine seismic waves are elastic waves that propagate through the Earth's interior from marine geological activity or artificial sources and eventually reach the ocean. They typically manifest as vibrations or disturbances in water bodies. As they propagate in the marine environment, they interact with seawater, seabed sediments, and rocks. Their propagation characteristics are influenced by various factors, including water temperature, salinity, pressure, seabed topography, and geological structure. By analyzing parameters such as propagation speed, frequency, and amplitude, scientists can infer the structure, composition, and dynamic processes of the oceanic crust, which can then be applied to fields such as resource exploration, geological hazard early warning, and research on the Earth's interior.

[0003] In marine seismic wave static cone penetration tests, a common design separates the seismic wave excitation device from the penetration device. The excitation device is placed on the seabed or surface platform, relying on external impacts such as hammering a metal block to generate seismic wave signals. However, as the penetration depth increases, the seismic wave energy weakens significantly during propagation due to seawater damping, wave energy attenuation, and the inherent limitations of the excitation kinetic energy. This often results in ineffective transmission to the receiving sensor at the bottom of the penetration probe, leading to a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the acquired data. Furthermore, existing excitation methods are constrained by marine environmental disturbances and operational consistency requirements, making it difficult to guarantee consistent signal excitation conditions at the same penetration depth or across different test cycles. This limited repeatability restricts the application of this technology in deep-sea fine exploration and long-term monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of insufficient accuracy and limited repeatability in existing marine seismic wave static cone penetration tests, which still rely on external impacts, the present invention aims to provide a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: The device includes: a probe rod, a seismic wave generator, a static cone penetration test device, and a probe. The seismic wave generator comprises a main body, an excitation mechanism, and a generating mechanism arranged axially in sequence. Each of the main body, excitation mechanism, and generating mechanism has air holes that are interconnected. Gas enters the main body through the air holes and, in conjunction with the excitation mechanism, generates seismic waves. The generating mechanism controls the main body and the excitation mechanism to cyclically generate seismic waves. The static cone penetration test device includes a clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism located near the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod, and the driving mechanism is connected to the seismic wave generator. The probe is connected to the probe rod and is installed at the end of the probe rod furthest from the clamping mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the main body includes a central shaft and a sleeve surrounding the central shaft. The central shaft and the sleeve form a gas storage chamber. A stepped shaft is provided at one end of the central shaft near the excitation mechanism, and the gas hole is opened on the central shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the arousal mechanism includes a sliding sleeve and a gun head. A second stepped shaft is provided inside the sliding sleeve corresponding to the first stepped shaft. The air hole is opened on the second stepped shaft and the gun head. The sliding sleeve and the first stepped shaft cooperate to form an arousal air chamber. The gun head is provided corresponding to the first stepped shaft and is surrounded by the sliding sleeve, which cooperates with the first stepped shaft to form a reset air chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the sliding sleeve has a first cavity and a second cavity spaced apart from each other at the two ends of the stepped shaft, the air hole is opened in the second cavity, and the cross-sectional length of the first cavity is smaller than the cross-sectional length of the second cavity.

[0008] Preferably, the generating mechanism includes a housing and a coil and a valve core sequentially sleeved towards the center near the inner wall of the housing. The housing has an opening at one end near the excitation mechanism, and a valve cover is provided on the opening. The air hole is opened on the valve cover. An elastic element is sleeved at one end of the valve core near the valve cover, which drives the valve core to move closer to and / or away from the air hole.

[0009] Preferably, the earthquake generator further includes a protective cover and a suspension component. The protective cover is disposed on the generating mechanism and fixedly connected to the excitation mechanism, and the suspension component is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, a sensor is embedded within the probe.

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention also provides: a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test method, employing a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device as described in any of the preceding claims for seismic wave detection, the method comprising: Step S1: Based on the marine seismic wave static cone penetration device, the probe is inserted into the sediment to generate a shock source that excites the seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves. The monitoring parameters are collected and preprocessed, and static cone penetration is performed. Step S2: Preset the maximum depth to be measured, iteratively change the probe depth, and repeat step S1 until the maximum depth is reached; Step S3: Perform parameter analysis on the seismic waves based on the parameters from two consecutive monitoring sessions to determine the average shear wave velocity of the seismic waves.

[0012] Preferably, the monitoring parameters include cone tip resistance, sidewall friction, pore water pressure, seismic wave, penetration angle, distance between the excitation source and the sensor, and the propagation time of the shear wave after the excitation source is generated.

[0013] Preferably, step S1 includes: The probe is inserted into the sediment to generate a seismic source that triggers a seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves. Monitoring parameters are collected, and static penetration is performed. The monitored parameters are converted into electrical signals, which are then filtered and amplified to obtain analog voltage signals. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital voltage signal, and a data storage unit is set up to store it.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The gas entering the main body through the vent interacts with the excitation mechanism to efficiently generate seismic waves. At the same time, the generating mechanism precisely controls the circulation between the main body and the excitation mechanism to achieve autonomous, continuous and stable source output, reducing dependence on the external environment. This effectively solves the problem of relying on external impact sources in existing marine seismic wave static cone penetration testing technology, significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of detection data, and enhancing adaptability and reliability under complex marine conditions. In addition, the entire marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device forms an integrated structural design, improving the ease of operation and making it suitable for a wider range of marine geological exploration and engineering application scenarios.

[0015] 2. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration method provided by this invention has the same beneficial effects as the marine seismic wave static cone penetration device provided by this invention, and will not be described in detail here. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seismic wave generator of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the main body of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of a seismic wave generator for a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the sliding sleeve of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the generating mechanism of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an assembly diagram of an SCPTU probe for a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the detection principle of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test method provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the detection principle of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test method provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; In the picture: 1. Probe rod; 2. Seismic wave generator; 3. Static cone penetration test device; 4. Probe; 20. Main body; 21. Activation mechanism; 22. Generating mechanism; 23. Protective sleeve; 24. Suspension component; 30. Clamping mechanism; 31. Drive mechanism; 200. Central shaft; 201. Sleeve; 202. Gas storage chamber; 203. Stepped shaft one; 204. Air hole one; 205. Air hole two; 206. Air hole three; 210. Sliding sleeve; 211. Gun head; 212. Stepped shaft two; 213. Excitation gas chamber; 214. Reset gas chamber; 215. Air hole four; 216. Air hole five; 217. Air hole six; 218. Air hole seven; 220. Housing; 221. Coil; 222. Valve core; 223. Opening; 224. Valve cover; 225. Elastic element; 226. Air hole eight; 227. Air hole nine; 2030, Large stepped shaft; 2031, Medium stepped shaft; 2032, Small stepped shaft; 2100, First cavity; 2101, Second cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device and method proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] The specific scheme of the marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device and method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] To better illustrate, seismic waves in the marine environment refer to elastic waves propagating in water and its bottom sedimentary layers. They are primarily generated by submarine earthquakes, underwater explosions, volcanic activity, or human exploration activities, and possess specific frequencies and propagation characteristics. These waves can carry a wealth of information about seabed geological structures, soil and rock mechanical properties, and potential geological hazards, making them crucial for marine resource exploration, submarine engineering construction, and geological hazard early warning. Developing static cone penetration testing (SPT) devices specifically for marine seismic waves can more accurately and efficiently obtain shallow seabed geological parameters, such as soil strength, compressibility, and bearing capacity, providing reliable data support for marine engineering construction, resource development, and disaster prevention.

[0022] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device 3, including: a probe rod 1, a seismic wave generator 2, a static cone penetration test device 3, and a probe 4; the seismic wave generator 2 includes a main body 20, an excitation mechanism 21, and a generating mechanism 22 arranged axially in sequence, and the main body 20, the excitation mechanism 21, and the generating mechanism 22 are all provided with air holes, which are connected to each other. Gas enters the main body 20 through the air holes and cooperates with the excitation mechanism 21 to generate seismic waves. The generating mechanism 22 controls the main body 20 and the excitation mechanism 21 to generate seismic waves in a cyclic manner; the static cone penetration test device 3 includes a clamping mechanism 30 and a driving mechanism 31 arranged close to the clamping mechanism 30. The clamping mechanism 30 clamps the probe rod 1, and the driving mechanism 31 is connected to the seismic wave generator 2; the probe 4 is connected to the probe rod 1 and is installed at the end of the probe rod 1 away from the clamping mechanism 30.

[0023] The probe rod 1 passes through the center of the static cone penetration test device 3 and connects to the probe 4, while the seismic wave generator 2 is positioned close to the center of the static cone penetration test device 3. The probe rod 1 is a long, rod-shaped structural component primarily used to transmit the static pressure generated by the static cone penetration test device 3 and accurately deliver the pressure to the probe 4, while maintaining structural stability and directional accuracy during the test. The probe 4 is a sensing device used to sense and measure various mechanical responses of the soil under static load in real time, providing crucial data support for engineering geological exploration. The coordinated operation of the probe 4 and probe rod 1 ensures the accuracy and reliability of the static cone penetration test.

[0024] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment, both the clamping mechanism 30 and the driving mechanism 31 are hydraulic cylinders. That is, the probe 1 is clamped by the clamping hydraulic cylinder and can be penetrated and pulled by the static penetration device 3, while the driving mechanism 31 is used to suspend the seismic wave generator 2.

[0025] Furthermore, the earthquake generator also includes a protective sleeve 23 and a suspension component 24. The protective sleeve 23 covers the generating mechanism 22 and is fixedly connected to the excitation mechanism 21, and the suspension component 24 is connected to the driving mechanism 31.

[0026] Preferably, the suspension member 24 refers to the suspension rope, which flexibly connects the static cone penetration device 3 and the seismic wave generator 2. Therefore, when the seismic wave generator 2 explodes and generates seismic waves, the suspension rope absorbs and disperses the impact force, preventing the static cone penetration device 3 from vibrating violently. The protective sleeve 23 ensures the stable operation of the generating mechanism 22 and avoids the external environment from corroding and wearing the generating mechanism 22.

[0027] Please combine Figures 3-7 Furthermore, the main body 20 includes a central shaft 200 and a sleeve 201 surrounding the central shaft 200. The central shaft 200 and the sleeve 201 form a gas storage chamber 202. A stepped shaft 203 is provided at one end of the central shaft 200 near the excitation mechanism 21, and air holes are opened on the central shaft 200.

[0028] Optionally, in this embodiment, one end of the sleeve 201 away from the static probe 3 is set as a cone tip, and the other end extends as a main body 20 cylinder, which is used to fit with the central shaft 200 to form a gas storage chamber 202. That is, the central shaft 200 is located at the center of the sleeve 201, the sleeve 201 surrounds the central shaft 200, the cone tip is closed, and it cooperates with the stepped shaft 203 on the central shaft 200 to form a cavity as the gas storage chamber 202.

[0029] It can be explained that, in practical applications, the stepped shaft 203 includes a large stepped shaft 2030, a medium stepped shaft 2031, and a small stepped shaft 2032 arranged sequentially from the end near the central shaft 200 toward the end away from the main body 20. The air holes provided on the central shaft 200 are air hole 1 204, air hole 205, and air hole 3 206, respectively. Air hole 1 204 is located between the large stepped shaft 2030 and the medium stepped shaft 2031; air hole 205 is axially inserted through the center of the central shaft 200; air hole 3 206 is located between the medium stepped shaft 2031 and the small stepped shaft 2032 and communicates with air hole 205; and the small stepped shaft 2032 is designed with threads near air hole 3 206 for cooperation with the subsequent excitation mechanism 21.

[0030] Furthermore, the arousal mechanism 21 includes a sliding sleeve 210 and a cannon head 211. A stepped shaft 212 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 210 corresponding to the stepped shaft 203. Air holes are opened on the stepped shaft 212 and the cannon head 211. The sliding sleeve 210 and the stepped shaft 203 cooperate to form an arousal chamber 213. The cannon head 211 is correspondingly provided to the stepped shaft 203, and the sliding sleeve 210 surrounds the cannon head 211, which cooperates with the stepped shaft 203 to form a reset chamber 214.

[0031] Furthermore, the sliding sleeve 210 is provided with a first cavity 2100 and a second cavity 2101 at intervals between the two ends of the stepped shaft 212. The air hole is opened in the second cavity 2101, and the cross-sectional length of the first cavity 2100 is smaller than the cross-sectional length of the second cavity 2101.

[0032] It is explained that the cannon head 211 has a matching thread at the thread design of the small stepped shaft 2032 to fix the cannon head 211 on the stepped shaft 203.

[0033] It can be explained that the air hole on the sliding sleeve 210 is air hole four 215, which is opened on the side wall of the second cavity 2101; the air holes opened on the gun head 211 are air hole five 216, air hole six 217 and air hole seven 218, among which air hole five 216 is correspondingly set with air hole one 204, air hole six 217 is corresponding with air hole two 205 and is connected; air hole seven 218 is set close to air hole six 217 and is connected to air hole six 217.

[0034] Specifically, in the actual design, the second stepped shaft 212 is positioned close to the large stepped shaft 2030 and the middle stepped shaft 2031. A step is formed at the junction of the large stepped shaft 2030 and the middle stepped shaft 2031. The second stepped shaft 212 mates with this step. However, since the cross-sectional height of the large stepped shaft 2030 is smaller than the cross-sectional height of the second cavity 2101, after the mating assembly, an excitation gas chamber 213 is formed between the second stepped shaft 212 and the first stepped shaft 203. Then, the first cavity 2100... The middle stepped shaft 2031 and the small stepped shaft 2032 in the stepped shaft 203 are in a receiving relationship, and the shape of the gun head 211 corresponds to the stepped shaft 203 to achieve the matching of the two. However, the outer diameter of the gun head 211 is larger than the outer diameter of the middle stepped shaft 2031, and smaller than the inner diameter of the first cavity 2100. Therefore, when the gun head 211, the sliding sleeve 210 and the stepped shaft 203 are assembled, a reset air chamber 214 is formed at the first cavity 2100.

[0035] Furthermore, the generating mechanism 22 includes a housing 220 and a coil 221 and a valve core 222 that are sequentially sleeved towards the center near the inner wall of the housing 220. The housing 220 has an opening 223 at one end near the excitation mechanism 21, and a valve cover 224 is provided to cover the opening 223. An air hole is opened on the valve cover 224. An elastic element 225 is sleeved at one end of the valve core 222 near the valve cover 224, which drives the valve core 222 to move closer to and / or away from the air hole.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the elastic element 225 is a spring, that is, the spring is sleeved on the valve core 222, and an abutment part is provided on the valve core 222 near the opening 223 to prevent the spring from slipping, so that the valve core 222 is driven by the spring to move closer to and / or away from the air hole, forming a piston movement.

[0037] It can be explained that the vents provided on the valve cover 224 are vent 8 226 and vent 9 227. Vent 8 226 is provided in correspondence with vent 6 217 and vent 9 227 is provided in correspondence with vent 5 216, and they are interconnected to form a gas flow channel.

[0038] Furthermore, sensors are embedded within the probe 4. In this embodiment, the sensors mainly include a cone tip resistance strain bridge, a sidewall friction resistance strain bridge, a pore water pressure sensor, a seismic wave detector, and a penetration tilt sensor, used to acquire monitoring parameters. Specifically, the cone tip resistance strain bridge is used to measure the magnitude of soil or rock resistance experienced by the cone tip of the probe 4 during the static penetration test; the sidewall friction resistance strain bridge is used to detect the frictional resistance between the sidewall of the probe 4 and the surrounding soil; the pore water pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure changes of pore water in the soil in real time to reflect the dynamic characteristics of groundwater; the seismic wave detector is used to receive and record seismic wave signals generated by artificial or natural sources, and it can measure the particle vibration velocity caused by shear waves; the penetration tilt sensor is used to monitor the tilt angle of the penetration equipment during construction to ensure the verticality of the penetration operation or control the trajectory of the tilted penetration.

[0039] Working principle: When the seismic wave generator 2 is working, high-pressure air enters the interior of the seismic wave generator 2 through vent 7 218. First, it enters the reset air chamber 214 through vent 3 206. The high-pressure air pressure pushes the sliding sleeve 210 downward, causing the bottom of the second cavity 2101 of the sliding sleeve 210 to press tightly against the top of the sleeve 201 of the main body 20. At the same time, high-pressure air enters the air storage chamber 202 through vent 2 205. When the high-pressure air reaches the preset pressure required for the task, the generating mechanism 22 is energized and activated. The coil 221 pulls the valve core 222 upward, and the elastic element 225 forms a compression. The high-pressure air enters the vent 9 227 through vent 8 226, and then enters the vent 1 20 through vent 9 227. 4; Then, high-pressure air enters the excitation chamber 213 and the fourth vent 215. The high-pressure air pressure pushes the bottom section of the stepped shaft 212, that is, the section near the second cavity 2101, and the bottom surface of the sliding sleeve 210, that is, the side of the sliding sleeve 210 near the main body 20, causing the sliding sleeve 210 to move upward rapidly. The high-pressure air in the gas storage chamber 202 is released instantaneously, and an explosion is generated to produce seismic waves. Finally, after the generating mechanism 22 is de-energized, the valve core 222 is pressed down by the elastic element 225, that is, the elastic element 225 is released. The valve core 222 abuts against the eighth vent 226, separating the eighth vent 226 and the ninth vent 227. The high-pressure air enters the reset chamber 214 again, and the sliding sleeve 210 moves downward to enter the next cycle.

[0040] Understandably, the gas entering the main body 20 through the vent interacts with the excitation mechanism 21 to efficiently generate seismic waves. At the same time, the generating mechanism 22 precisely controls the cyclic action between the main body 20 and the excitation mechanism 21 to achieve autonomous, continuous, and stable source output, reducing dependence on the external environment. This effectively solves the problem of relying on external impact sources in existing marine seismic wave static cone penetration testing technology, significantly improving the accuracy and repeatability of detection data, and enhancing adaptability and reliability under complex marine conditions. In addition, the entire marine seismic wave static cone penetration device 3 forms an integrated structural design, improving operational convenience and making it suitable for a wider range of marine geological exploration and engineering applications.

[0041] Please combine Figure 8 and Figure 9 The second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for marine seismic wave static cone penetration testing, which uses a marine seismic wave static cone penetration testing device as described in any of the foregoing embodiments to detect seismic waves. The method includes: Step S1: Based on the marine seismic wave static cone penetration device, the probe is inserted into the sediment to generate a shock source that excites the seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves. The monitoring parameters are collected and preprocessed, and static cone penetration is performed. Step S2: Preset the maximum depth to be measured, iteratively change the probe depth, and repeat step S1 until the maximum depth is reached; Step S3: Perform parameter analysis on the seismic waves based on the parameters from two consecutive monitoring sessions to determine the average shear wave velocity of the seismic waves.

[0042] Preferably, in practical applications, an underwater wave velocity probe, namely the SCPTU probe (Sonic Cone Penetration Test with Ultrasonic Measurement), is used. It serves as the carrier for static cone penetration and seismic wave reception, allowing the static cone penetration and acoustic receiving components to penetrate into the sediment for detection. It is one of the most critical functional components for seismic wave detection of seabed sediments. In this embodiment, it is designed in accordance with the ISO22476-1:2012 international standard.

[0043] Specifically, to ensure the scientific use of the SCPTU probe, the probe will penetrate tens of meters underground during the penetration process. Due to the presence of pore water, the underground environment is very humid. Therefore, pressure-resistant and waterproof treatment has been applied to all external interfaces of the probe. The seismic wave acquisition circuit board and the pore pressure static penetration acquisition circuit board are connected by a 4-core CAN bus. Each section of the probe is sealed with an O-ring, and the probe tail end uses a professional watertight connector to prevent seawater erosion from affecting the detection results.

[0044] Furthermore, the monitoring parameters include cone tip resistance, sidewall friction, pore water pressure, seismic waves, penetration angle, distance between the excitation source and the sensor, and the propagation time of the shear wave after the excitation source is generated.

[0045] It can be explained that the cone tip resistance, sidewall friction, pore water pressure, seismic wave, and penetration angle are directly obtained by the aforementioned sensors. Specifically, the cone tip resistance strain bridge, sidewall friction resistance strain bridge, pore water pressure sensor, seismic wave detector, and penetration angle sensor respectively obtain the relevant monitoring parameters. Then, by analyzing the monitoring parameters, the distance between the excitation source and the sensor and the propagation time of the shear wave after the excitation source is generated are obtained.

[0046] Further, step S1 includes: Step S11: Insert the probe into the sediment to generate a seismic source that excites the seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves, collect monitoring parameters, and perform static penetration testing.

[0047] To better illustrate this, seismic waves are mainly divided into two categories: body waves and surface waves. Body waves include longitudinal waves (P-waves) and transverse waves (S-waves). Transverse waves, also known as shear waves, are waves in which the direction of vibration of medium particles is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Their propagation speed is usually slower than that of longitudinal waves, and they arrive at the Earth's surface slightly later after an earthquake. Because shear waves can cause horizontal shaking of the ground, they are more destructive to surface structures. Furthermore, shear waves cannot propagate in liquids or gases, meaning that liquids and gases do not have the ability to resist shear deformation. Therefore, analyzing shear waves is more beneficial for the study of seismic waves.

[0048] Specifically, the marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device is placed on the seabed. A drive mechanism is used to press the seismic wave generator into the rock and soil of the seabed. Then, the drive mechanism moves upward. During the intervals of the static cone penetration process, that is, the intervals during which the penetration needs to be stopped every 1m and a probe is installed, the operator on the ground stimulates the seismic wave generator to generate shear waves, that is, to generate a shock source to stimulate the seismic wave generator to generate seismic waves, and then collects and monitors parameters. Here, the shock source refers to a device or mechanism that can generate initial vibration or energy release to enable the seismic wave generator to work and ensure that the seismic waves can be effectively generated and propagated.

[0049] Step S12: Convert the monitoring parameters into electrical signals, and obtain analog voltage signals through filtering and amplification; that is, filter and amplify the monitoring parameters to denoise and enhance the signal, and obtain an analog voltage signal that is proportional to the measured physical quantity, which is used to reflect the subtle changes of the measured object.

[0050] Step S13: Convert the analog voltage signal to a digital voltage signal based on the analog voltage signal and set up a data storage unit to store it; that is, convert the analog voltage signal to a digital voltage signal through the analog-to-digital conversion unit to facilitate data processing and storage. In order to obtain sufficient detection accuracy, the A / D conversion circuit should have a high resolution; and set up a data storage unit to temporarily store the test data for real-time transmission to the ship's measurement and control system.

[0051] As an optional implementation, this embodiment further includes a microprocessor located within the probe to better assist in the operation of the marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device. This microprocessor is responsible for computation, communication, and system control, and a low-power microcontroller is proposed to be used. The microcontroller refers to the core operating component that controls the marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device. The monitoring and clock unit provides time status information, monitors the normal operation of the microcontroller, and prevents program crashes and freezes. The communication interface uses RS485 (Recommended Standard 485) or CAN (Controller Area Network) bus communication, which has good anti-interference capabilities, and can upload test data to the system and receive operating parameter setting instructions from the shipboard system or calibration device. The power interface provides the stable power required for system operation.

[0052] Preferably, in practical applications, in order to improve the measurement accuracy and reliability of the marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device, reduce the volume of the cone part of the probe setting and reduce power consumption, high-precision signal processing and analog-to-digital conversion devices are selected in the circuit design, non-volatile FLASH (Flash EEPROM Memory) chips are selected as data storage, and all circuit units use surface mount components.

[0053] It can be explained that in step S2, the maximum depth to be measured refers to the maximum depth required by the task. As the depth changes, the probe depth is updated accordingly, and step S1 is repeated until the maximum depth is reached. Then, a specific analysis is made based on the relevant monitoring parameters.

[0054] Please combine Figure 10 and Figure 11 In step S3, the monitoring parameters acquired in step S2 are used for specific evaluation to obtain the average shear wave velocity of the seismic wave. Specifically, the average shear wave velocity of the seismic wave is determined based on the parameters from two consecutive monitoring sessions, and the corresponding calculation formula is as follows:

[0055] in, Indicates the average shear wave velocity; This represents the difference in distance between the excitation source and the sensor inside the probe between two consecutive monitoring parameters; , These represent the distances from the excitation source to the sensor inside the probe in the first and second instances, respectively. This indicates the propagation time of the shear wave in the excitation source between two consecutive monitoring parameters; , These represent the propagation time of the shear wave in the first and second excitation sources, respectively.

[0056] It can be explained that the average shear wave velocity can be used to assess the seismic response characteristics of a site, providing key geological parameters for seismic design of engineering projects. This allows for a more scientific assessment of the site's hardness, soil stability, and potential seismic liquefaction risk, thereby effectively improving the safety and reliability of soil under seismic action.

[0057] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0058] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device, characterized in that, include: Probe rod, seismic wave generator, static cone penetration test device and probe; The seismic wave generator includes a main body, an excitation mechanism, and a generating mechanism arranged axially in sequence. Each of the main body, the excitation mechanism, and the generating mechanism has an air hole, and the air holes are interconnected. Gas enters the main body through the air holes and cooperates with the excitation mechanism to generate seismic waves. The generating mechanism controls the main body and the excitation mechanism to generate seismic waves in a cyclical manner. The static cone penetration test device includes a clamping mechanism and a driving mechanism disposed near the clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism clamps the probe rod, and the driving mechanism is connected to the seismic wave generator. The probe is connected to the probe rod and is installed at the end of the probe rod away from the clamping mechanism.

2. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body includes a central shaft and a sleeve surrounding the central shaft. The central shaft and the sleeve form a gas storage chamber. A stepped shaft is provided at one end of the central shaft near the excitation mechanism, and the gas hole is opened on the central shaft.

3. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The actuation mechanism includes a sliding sleeve and a gun head. A second stepped shaft is provided inside the sliding sleeve corresponding to the first stepped shaft. The air hole is opened on the second stepped shaft and the gun head. The sliding sleeve and the first stepped shaft cooperate to form an actuation air chamber. The gun head is provided corresponding to the first stepped shaft and is surrounded by the sliding sleeve, which cooperates with the first stepped shaft to form a reset air chamber.

4. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve has a first cavity and a second cavity spaced apart from each other at the two ends of the stepped shaft. The air hole is opened in the second cavity, and the cross-sectional length of the first cavity is smaller than the cross-sectional length of the second cavity.

5. A marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generating mechanism includes a housing and a coil and a valve core that are sequentially sleeved towards the center near the inner wall of the housing. The housing has an opening at one end near the excitation mechanism, and a valve cover is provided on the opening. The air hole is opened on the valve cover. An elastic element is sleeved at one end of the valve core near the valve cover, which drives the valve core to move closer to and / or away from the air hole.

6. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The earthquake generator also includes a protective cover and a suspension component. The protective cover is placed over the generating mechanism and fixedly connected to the excitation mechanism, and the suspension component is connected to the driving mechanism.

7. The marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe is equipped with an embedded sensor.

8. A method for static cone penetration testing of marine seismic waves, characterized in that, Seismic wave detection is performed using a marine seismic wave static cone penetration test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: Step S1: Based on the marine seismic wave static cone penetration device, the probe is inserted into the sediment to generate a shock source that excites the seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves. The monitoring parameters are collected and preprocessed, and static cone penetration is performed. Step S2: Preset the maximum depth to be measured, iteratively change the probe depth, and repeat step S1 until the maximum depth is reached; Step S3: Perform parameter analysis on the seismic waves based on the parameters from two consecutive monitoring sessions to determine the average shear wave velocity of the seismic waves.

9. A method for static cone penetration testing of marine seismic waves according to claim 8, characterized in that, The monitoring parameters include cone tip resistance, sidewall friction, pore water pressure, seismic wave, penetration angle, distance between the excitation source and the sensor, and the propagation time of the shear wave after the excitation source is generated.

10. A method for static cone penetration testing of marine seismic waves according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: The probe is inserted into the sediment to generate a seismic source that triggers a seismic wave generator to produce seismic waves. Monitoring parameters are collected, and static penetration is performed. The monitored parameters are converted into electrical signals, which are then filtered and amplified to obtain analog voltage signals. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital voltage signal based on the analog voltage signal, and a data storage unit is set up to store it.

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