Testing device and method for rubber expansion joint

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rubber detection, in particular to a testing device and method for a rubber expansion joint. A testing device for a rubber expansion joint comprises a pressure-bearing test chamber 10, a temperature and humidity control system 20, a corrosion medium circulation system 40 and a pressure circulation control system 30, the corrosive medium temperature and humidity control system 20 is connected with the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10 through a pipeline and is used for controlling the temperature of a medium in the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10; the corrosive medium circulating system 40 is connected with the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10 through a pipeline and is used for pumping and circulating a corrosive medium into the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10; and the corrosive medium pressure circulation control system 30 is connected with the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10 through a pipeline and is used for applying circulation pressure to the medium in the corrosive medium pressure-bearing test cabin 10. The three systems are connected into the test bin, synchronous coupling loading of three key factors of temperature, corrosion media and pressure is successfully achieved, and the accuracy of test data in the aspect of real life prediction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rubber testing technology, and in particular to a testing apparatus and method for rubber expansion joints. Background Technology

[0002] Rubber expansion joints, as important pipeline compensation and vibration damping components, are widely used in petroleum, chemical, power, and shipbuilding industries. Particularly in the circulating water systems of nuclear power plants, rubber expansion joints need to withstand long-term seawater corrosion, temperature changes, and periodic fluctuations in fluid pressure within the pipeline. The combined effect of these factors accelerates the aging of the rubber material, leading to a decline in its physical properties and ultimately causing serious accidents such as expansion joint leakage and rupture, threatening the safe operation of the entire system.

[0003] Currently, the conventional test methods for assessing the lifespan and verifying the performance of rubber expansion joints mainly include: Single-factor aging tests, such as hot air aging chamber tests (simulating temperature only), ozone aging tests (simulating ozone only), or sealing tests under constant pressure, can only examine the influence of a single factor in isolation. They cannot reflect the synergistic effect of multiple factors coupled together in actual working conditions, resulting in a large deviation between the test results and the actual service life, and inaccurate predictions.

[0004] Simple multi-factor superposition tests: For example, immersing the sample in seawater and then taking it out for pressure cycling tests. Although this method involves multiple factors, it fails to achieve "in-situ" synchronous loading, that is, corrosion and mechanical loads do not act on the sample simultaneously. It still cannot truly simulate the process of materials bearing dynamic stress in corrosive media, and the reference value of the test results is limited.

[0005] Actual operating condition sampling test: The expansion joint is directly installed on the pipeline for long-term observation. This method yields the most realistic results, but the testing cycle is too long (usually several years or even more than ten years), the cost is high, and it cannot quickly obtain data feedback during the product development stage, making it unsuitable for the screening of new materials and product improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a maintenance method for rotating equipment.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a test device for rubber expansion joints, comprising: a pressure test chamber 10, a temperature and humidity control system 20, a corrosive medium circulation system 40, and a pressure circulation control system 30; The temperature and humidity control system 20 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to control the temperature of the medium in the pressure test chamber 10; The corrosive medium circulation system 40 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to pump and circulate the corrosive medium into the pressure test chamber 10. The pressure circulation control system 30 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to apply circulating pressure to the medium in the pressure test chamber 10.

[0008] Optionally, the temperature and humidity control system 20 includes a sleeve or coil and a temperature regulation module; the sleeve or coil is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 through the pipeline; The temperature control module controls the temperature of the medium by heating / cooling the sleeve or the coil.

[0009] Optionally, the corrosive medium circulation system 40 includes: a storage tank, a circulation pump, a filter, and pipelines; The circulating pump is connected to the liquid storage tank and the filter through the pipeline; The circulating pump pumps the corrosive medium from the storage tank to the pressure test chamber 10 via the pipeline.

[0010] Optionally, the pressure circulation control system 30 includes: a pressurizing pump, a pressure sensor, and a PLC controller; The pressurization pump is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via the pipeline; The pressure sensor is placed in the pressure test chamber 10 through the pipeline; The PLC controller is connected to the pressurizing pump and the pressure sensor, and is used to collect data from the pressure sensor and control the pressurizing pump.

[0011] The present invention also provides a test method for rubber expansion joints, comprising the following steps: Step S10: Obtain a sample rubber expansion joint based on the original rubber expansion joint; Step S20: Collect the initial rubber parameters of the sample rubber expansion joint; Step S30: The sample rubber expansion joint is tested using the rubber expansion joint testing device described above, and the test results are obtained; Step S40: Combine the initial rubber parameters with the test results to obtain the rubber attenuation curve.

[0012] Optionally, step S30 includes: The sample rubber expansion joint is fixed inside the pressure test chamber 10 of the test device; Obtain the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and get the preset environmental value; Adjust the cabin environment parameters to the preset environmental values; Set the preset curve according to the preset cycle; The test results were obtained by applying cyclic pressure and alternating stress to the sample rubber expansion joint using the preset curve.

[0013] Optionally, obtaining the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and getting preset environmental values ​​includes: Based on the working environment, determine the pressure range of the cyclic pressure and the amplitude of the alternating stress.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes: The aging characteristic indicators are determined based on the rubber degradation curve. A lifespan model for the aging characteristic indicators is established based on the rubber degradation curve. By inputting the working environment parameters into the life model, the predicted life of the original rubber expansion joint is obtained.

[0015] Optionally, the aging characteristic indicators include: tensile strength retention rate and crosslinking density reduction rate.

[0016] Optionally, the working environment parameters include: working temperature, working pressure, and working medium.

[0017] The implementation of this invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention successfully achieves synchronous coupling loading of three key factors—temperature, corrosive medium, and pressure—by connecting the corrosive medium circulation system 40, the pressure circulation control system 30, and the temperature and humidity control system 20 into the test chamber. This maximizes the reproduction of the actual operating environment and significantly improves the accuracy of the test data in predicting the actual service life. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus for a rubber expansion joint in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a test method for a rubber expansion joint in one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the logarithm of time t and the reciprocal of temperature T in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.

[0021] This invention provides a testing apparatus for rubber expansion joints. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the test apparatus for rubber expansion joints includes: a pressure test chamber 10, a temperature and humidity control system 20, a corrosive medium circulation system 40, and a pressure circulation control system 30.

[0022] The temperature and humidity control system 20 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to control the temperature of the medium in the pressure test chamber 10.

[0023] The temperature and humidity control system 20 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to control the temperature of the medium in the pressure test chamber 10. The system consists of a series of sophisticated sensors, controllers, and actuators that work together to ensure that the temperature and humidity of the chamber environment are maintained within preset parameter ranges.

[0024] The corrosive medium circulation system 40 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to pump and circulate the corrosive medium into the pressure test chamber 10.

[0025] The corrosive medium circulation system 40 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via pipeline and is used to pump and circulate the corrosive medium into the pressure test chamber 10. The system is designed to allow researchers to precisely control the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the circulating medium to simulate corrosion conditions under different marine environments. Through this simulation, long-term corrosion resistance tests can be conducted on the sample rubber expansion joint 50, thereby assessing its application potential in real marine environments.

[0026] Inside the pressure test chamber 10, the circulation of corrosive media is not limited to static immersion tests, but also includes dynamic circulation tests to more comprehensively simulate natural conditions such as marine organism attachment, wave impact, and water erosion. In addition, the system can also simulate tidal changes and study the performance of the sample rubber expansion joint 50 under different corrosive environments by periodically changing the flow state of the media.

[0027] The pressure circulation control system 30 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to apply circulating pressure to the medium in the pressure test chamber 10.

[0028] This system can simulate pressure changes in a real working environment, ensuring that the pressure within the pressure test chamber 10 fluctuates precisely within the set parameter range. By accurately controlling the frequency and amplitude of pressure cycling, the pressure resistance of the sample rubber expansion joint 50 can be tested, and its reliability under long-term use or extreme conditions can be evaluated. Furthermore, the system's built-in safety device can automatically cut off the pressure source when the pressure exceeds a safe threshold, ensuring the safety of the testing process.

[0029] This invention successfully achieved the synchronous coupling loading of three key factors—temperature, corrosive medium (seawater), and pressure—by connecting three systems to the test chamber, thus maximally reproducing the actual usage environment and significantly improving the accuracy of test data in predicting real lifespan.

[0030] In one embodiment, the temperature and humidity control system 20 includes a sleeve or coil and a temperature regulation module; the sleeve or coil is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 through a pipe.

[0031] The temperature control module controls the medium temperature through heating / cooling jackets or coils.

[0032] The temperature and humidity control system includes a sleeve or coil and a temperature regulation unit; the sleeve or coil is tightly connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline.

[0033] The temperature control unit uses heating or cooling jackets or coils to precisely control the temperature of the medium.

[0034] In one embodiment, the corrosive medium circulation system 40 includes: a storage tank, a circulation pump, a filter, and piping.

[0035] The circulating pump is connected to the storage tank and filter via pipelines.

[0036] The circulating pump pumps the corrosive medium in the storage tank to the pressure test chamber 10 through pipelines.

[0037] Understandably, the storage tank, circulation pump, filter, and piping together constitute a highly efficient liquid circulation system. The storage tank is a large container capable of storing large quantities of corrosive media, typically used in tests simulating marine environments. The design of the storage tank must withstand the long-term effects of high pressure and corrosive liquids, ensuring its structural stability and sealing.

[0038] The selection and configuration of the circulating pump need to be determined based on the specific flow rate and pressure requirements of the test to ensure a stable and continuous flow of the medium. The pump is usually made of corrosion-resistant alloys or special plastics to withstand the corrosiveness of simulated seawater.

[0039] Filters remove impurities and particles from the medium, ensuring the cleanliness of the circulating medium. The filtration accuracy of the filter needs to be selected according to the test requirements to ensure that it does not interfere with the test results. Regular maintenance and replacement of the filter must also be performed to maintain the efficient operation of the system.

[0040] The piping system ensures the smooth flow of the medium from the storage tank to the circulation pump, and then from the circulation pump to the pressure test chamber 10. The piping design must take into account fluid dynamics principles to minimize energy loss during transmission. Furthermore, the piping system needs to be equipped with appropriate valves and connectors to facilitate system installation, maintenance, and adjustment.

[0041] A circulating pump delivers the corrosive medium stored in the storage tank to the pressure test chamber 10 via pipelines. The pressure test chamber 10 is a closed testing environment used to simulate various conditions in deep-sea or high-pressure environments. Within this chamber, pressure resistance tests on materials, performance evaluations of equipment, and simulation experiments under various extreme conditions can be conducted. The continuous flow of the medium provided by the circulating pump ensures the stability and controllability of the environment within the test chamber, providing researchers with accurate and reliable experimental data.

[0042] In one embodiment, the pressure circulation control system 30 includes: a pressure pump, a pressure sensor, and a PLC controller.

[0043] The pressurization pump is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline.

[0044] The pressure sensor is placed in the pressure test chamber 10 through a pipe.

[0045] The PLC controller is connected to the pressure pump and pressure sensor to collect data from the pressure sensor and control the pressure pump.

[0046] Understandably, the pressurization pump is tightly connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via pipeline to ensure that pressure is effectively transmitted into the chamber. Furthermore, pressure sensors are also precisely placed inside the pressure test chamber 10 via pipeline to monitor pressure changes in real time. The PLC controller is connected to both the pressurization pump and the pressure sensors. Its main function is to collect real-time data from the pressure sensors and, based on this data, precisely control the pressurization pump, thereby achieving effective management and regulation of the entire pressure circulation system.

[0047] This invention also provides a test method for rubber expansion joints, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step S10: Obtain a sample rubber expansion joint based on the original rubber expansion joint.

[0048] Specifically, the sample rubber expansion joint is a scaled-down version of the original rubber expansion joint, with the same material and structure.

[0049] Step S20: Collect the initial rubber parameters of the sample rubber expansion joint.

[0050] Rubber expansion joints are important components widely used in pipeline systems. Their main function is to absorb the stress generated by factors such as temperature changes, vibration, or displacement in the pipeline, thereby protecting the safe operation of the pipeline system.

[0051] In some scenarios, parameters such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and Shore A hardness are tested according to standards such as GB / T 528 and GB / T 531, and the appearance dimensions and surface condition are recorded.

[0052] The microstructure of the sample cross-section was then observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the crosslinking density was tested using a rubber processing analyzer (RPA) as a benchmark for microscopic properties. Initial parameters directly affect the performance and lifespan of the rubber expansion joint.

[0053] Step S30: Use the above-mentioned rubber expansion joint testing device to test the sample rubber expansion joint and obtain the test results.

[0054] Specifically, the sample rubber expansion joint is installed in the testing apparatus, and the apparatus is started to activate the pressure pump, applying a preset pressure to the sample rubber expansion joint. During the pressurization process, pressure sensors collect real-time pressure data of the sample rubber expansion joint and transmit this data to the PLC controller. The PLC controller analyzes and processes the collected pressure data according to a preset program, while simultaneously controlling the pressure pump to adjust the pressure level, ensuring that the test process proceeds according to the set parameters. Throughout the entire test, various performance data of the sample rubber expansion joint under different pressure conditions, such as deformation and stress distribution, are continuously recorded, ultimately yielding comprehensive and accurate test results.

[0055] Step S40: Combine the initial rubber parameters with the test results to obtain the rubber decay curve.

[0056] By organically combining the initially set rubber material parameters with the results obtained from actual experiments, and through scientific analysis and calculation, a degradation curve reflecting the changes in the rubber material's properties is finally plotted and derived. This curve can intuitively show the degradation trend of rubber under different conditions.

[0057] This invention conducts a systematic verification under the multi-dimensional coupling effect of three key environmental factors: temperature, corrosive medium (seawater), and pressure. It fully simulates the complex working conditions in the actual service process of marine engineering equipment, ensuring that the obtained accelerated aging test results are highly consistent with the long-term actual service conditions, thereby significantly improving the prediction accuracy of rubber degradation curves.

[0058] In one embodiment, step S30 includes: The sample rubber expansion joint is fixed inside the pressure test chamber 10 of the test device.

[0059] The rubber expansion joint to be tested is securely installed inside the specially designed pressure test chamber 10 of the testing apparatus, ensuring its accurate positioning for subsequent pressure testing. A tight seal between the rubber expansion joint and the test chamber is crucial to prevent leakage or displacement, thus guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of the test data. Throughout the installation process, strict adherence to testing specifications and operating procedures is essential to ensure the stability of the testing environment and the scientific validity of the test results.

[0060] Obtain the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and get the preset environment value.

[0061] Based on the specific working environment of the original rubber expansion joint in actual marine engineering equipment, preset environmental values ​​are set. The working environment includes the characteristics of corrosive media such as seawater salinity and acidity, as well as the pressure it withstands. These collected environmental parameters are comprehensively organized and precisely analyzed to derive preset environmental values ​​for subsequent tests, ensuring that the environment inside the pressure test chamber 10 is consistent with the working environment.

[0062] Adjust the internal environmental parameters of the pressure test chamber 10 to the preset environmental values.

[0063] Specifically, during the test cycle, sample strain data and medium parameters are collected in real time. If the sample strain exceeds the preset threshold or the medium ion concentration deviates from the set value, the pressure cycle frequency is automatically adjusted or ion reagents are added to ensure test stability.

[0064] Set the preset curve according to the preset cycle.

[0065] Specifically, after the predetermined test period is reached, the sample performance is taken out for testing (for example, the test is carried out at temperatures of 95℃, 85℃, 75℃, and 65℃ for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 10 days, 15 days, and 25 days, respectively).

[0066] Based on the preset cycle duration and temperature, obtain the preset curves of pressure and alternating stress for the corresponding cycle.

[0067] Cyclic pressure and alternating stress were applied to the sample rubber expansion joint using a preset curve to obtain the test results.

[0068] The pressure cycle control system 30 applies cyclic pressure and alternating stress according to a preset curve, and runs continuously.

[0069] In one embodiment, obtaining the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and obtaining preset environmental values ​​includes: Based on the working environment, determine the pressure range of the cyclic pressure and the amplitude of the alternating stress.

[0070] Specifically, based on the working environment and actual operating conditions, the pressure range that the cyclic pressure should maintain during its operation is determined. At the same time, the influencing factors of alternating stress are comprehensively considered, and the magnitude of the alternating stress amplitude exhibited in its periodic changes is measured to ensure the stability and safety of the working environment, thereby keeping the preset environmental value constant.

[0071] In one embodiment, it also includes: The aging characteristic indicators are determined based on the rubber degradation curve.

[0072] A lifespan model based on aging characteristic indicators is established according to the rubber degradation curve.

[0073] By inputting the working environment parameters into the life model, the predicted life of the original rubber expansion joint is obtained.

[0074] In determining aging characteristic indicators, the first step is to conduct a detailed analysis of the rubber degradation curve to identify key parameters that reflect the aging characteristics of rubber, such as elongation at break and crosslinking density. Subsequently, based on these key parameters, a quantitative system of aging characteristic indicators is constructed to more accurately assess the degree of rubber aging.

[0075] When establishing a lifespan model, it is necessary to comprehensively consider various factors such as the characteristics of rubber materials, aging mechanisms, and working environment. By using mathematical modeling and statistical analysis methods, a correlation is established between aging characteristic indicators and the service life of rubber expansion joints, thereby forming a mathematical model that can predict the lifespan of rubber expansion joints.

[0076] Finally, by substituting parameters such as temperature from the actual working environment into the lifespan model, the predicted lifespan of the original rubber expansion joint under specific working conditions was calculated. This prediction result can provide an important basis for the maintenance, replacement, and safety management of rubber expansion joints.

[0077] In one embodiment, aging characteristics include: tensile strength retention rate and crosslink density reduction rate.

[0078] The performance changes of rubber products can predict their lifespan. The relationship between the aging characteristic index P and the aging time t is described by Equation 1. (Note: t represents ℃, T represents the corresponding thermodynamic temperature, i.e., T = 273 + t) (Equation 1) In the formula: B is a constant, K is a rate constant, t is the aging time, and α is a relaxation-related parameter.

[0079] For properties such as tensile properties, f(P) = P / P0, where P is the material's property at a certain moment, and P0 is the material's initial property. The relationship between the rate constant K and the aging temperature T in Equation 1 follows the Arrhenius equation.

[0080] Taking the natural logarithm of both sides of Equation 1, we get Equation 2.

[0081] (Equation 2) Let y = lnf(P), x = t, b = -K, a = lnB, α = c. Equation 2 can be simplified to Equation 3.

[0082] (Equation 3) Plot the changes in aging performance at different temperatures and use an iterative method to obtain a, b, and c. Substitute the obtained a, b, and c into Equation 3, and substitute y=ln(50%) to calculate the aging times t1, t2, t3, and t4 corresponding to the failure critical values ​​at different temperatures.

[0083] At a certain temperature, the critical failure value P of a rubber product is related to time t as follows: (Equation 4) In the formula, k is the reaction rate constant, which varies with temperature T (absolute temperature), and both follow the Arrhenius formula.

[0084] The relationship between temperature and chemical reaction can be expressed by the Arrhenius equation as follows: (Equation 5) In the formula: k is the reaction rate constant, which varies with temperature T (absolute temperature); T is the absolute temperature (unit: K); A is the pre-exponential factor, also known as the frequency factor or Arrhenius constant, in units of (min-1); Ea is the activation energy (eV) of the chemical reaction, which is generally considered to be a constant independent of temperature, in units of (J / mol or kJ / mol); R is the molar gas constant.

[0085] From formulas 4 and 5, we can obtain the following formula: (Equation 6) Taking the logarithm of 10 on both sides of equation 6, we get the following equation: (Equation 7) If we define the time t required for P to reach a certain value Pe as the service life, then we can obtain the following formula: (Equation 8) Let y = lgt, d = Given e = Ea / 2.303R and x = 1 / T, we can obtain equation 9: y= (Equation 9) When the aging performance reaches its critical point at various temperatures, the logarithm of time t has a linear relationship with the reciprocal of temperature T, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0086] Therefore, by substituting the lgt1, lgt2, lgt3, and lgt4 values ​​of the aging time corresponding to the failure threshold and the reciprocals of temperatures T1, T2, T3, and T4 into Equation 9, d and e are calculated. Substituting the obtained d and e into Equation 9, and selecting the actual service temperature, the aging life at the service temperature is calculated.

[0087] In one embodiment, the working environment parameters include: working temperature, working pressure, and working medium.

[0088] Specifically, the operating temperature can be set according to different temperature gradients based on the actual service environment, covering a full range from low to high temperatures, to examine the performance changes of the rubber expansion joint under different temperature conditions; the working medium can be a corrosive medium (seawater), and its concentration, flow rate, and other parameters can be precisely controlled to simulate the corrosive effect of seawater on the rubber expansion joint to different degrees; the pressure factor can also be precisely loaded according to the actual working conditions, gradually changing from low pressure to high pressure, thereby obtaining the deformation, aging, and other conditions of the rubber expansion joint under different pressures, so as to improve the accuracy of predicting the life of the rubber expansion joint in the actual service environment.

[0089] The above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can freely combine the above technical features without departing from the concept of the present invention, and can also make several modifications and improvements, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made with respect to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing apparatus for rubber expansion joints, characterized in that, include: Pressure test chamber 10, temperature and humidity control system 20, corrosive medium circulation system 40 and pressure circulation control system 30; The temperature and humidity control system 20 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to control the temperature of the medium in the pressure test chamber 10; The corrosive medium circulation system 40 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to pump and circulate the corrosive medium into the pressure test chamber 10. The pressure circulation control system 30 is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via a pipeline and is used to apply circulating pressure to the medium in the pressure test chamber 10.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity control system 20 includes a sleeve or coil and a temperature adjustment module; the sleeve or coil is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 through the pipeline. The temperature control module controls the temperature of the medium by heating / cooling the sleeve or the coil.

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosive medium circulation system 40 includes: a storage tank, a circulation pump, a filter, and pipelines; The circulating pump is connected to the liquid storage tank and the filter through the pipeline; The circulating pump pumps the corrosive medium from the storage tank to the pressure test chamber 10 via the pipeline.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure circulation control system 30 includes: a pressure pump, a pressure sensor, and a PLC controller; The pressurization pump is connected to the pressure test chamber 10 via the pipeline; The pressure sensor is placed in the pressure test chamber 10 through the pipeline; The PLC controller is connected to the pressurizing pump and the pressure sensor, and is used to collect data from the pressure sensor and control the pressurizing pump.

5. A test method for rubber expansion joints, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S10: Obtain a sample rubber expansion joint based on the original rubber expansion joint; Step S20: Collect the initial rubber parameters of the sample rubber expansion joint; Step S30: The sample rubber expansion joint is tested using the testing device for rubber expansion joints according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the test results are obtained; Step S40: Combine the initial rubber parameters with the test results to obtain the rubber attenuation curve.

6. The test method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S30 includes: The sample rubber expansion joint is fixed inside the pressure test chamber 10 of the test device; Obtain the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and get the preset environmental value; Adjust the cabin environment parameters to the preset environmental values; Set the preset curve according to the preset cycle; The test results were obtained by applying cyclic pressure and alternating stress to the sample rubber expansion joint using the preset curve.

7. The test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the working environment of the original rubber expansion joint and acquiring preset environmental values ​​includes: Based on the working environment, determine the pressure range of the cyclic pressure and the amplitude of the alternating stress.

8. The test method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The aging characteristic indicators are determined based on the rubber degradation curve. A lifespan model for the aging characteristic indicators is established based on the rubber degradation curve. By inputting the working environment parameters into the life model, the predicted life of the original rubber expansion joint is obtained.

9. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The aging characteristic indicators include: tensile strength retention rate and crosslinking density reduction rate.

10. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The working environment parameters include: working temperature, working pressure, and working medium.

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