Method and system for testing rolling load performance of moving surface layer

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a system for testing rolling load performance of a moving surface layer. The method comprises the following steps: fixing a moving surface layer sample to be tested on a test base and determining a rolling test area; a rolling load spectrum comprising a plurality of test periods is constructed, at least one different rolling load parameter is set in different test periods, and the parameters comprise one or more of normal load, contact pressure, rolling speed, reciprocating stroke, rolling path width and cycle index; driving a roller assembly to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the test area according to the load spectrum, and collecting multiple types of test data; performing time synchronization, de-noising and feature extraction on the data to obtain a damage feature set of residual indentation, rigidity attenuation, wear rate, dusting, peeling and the like; generating a rolling load performance score and / or grade determination; and when the two adjacent test periods meet the termination conditions such as the damage threshold, the score threshold or the maximum period number and the like, terminating and outputting a result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sports surface testing, and particularly relates to a sports surface rolling load performance testing method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core component of sports field construction, sports surface is widely used in plastic running tracks, ball courts and fitness areas, etc. Its bearing performance is directly related to the service life, safety and user experience of the field. In the actual operating environment, such surface continuously bears dynamic rolling load caused by sports equipment, maintenance equipment or dense human flow. The load has reciprocating motion characteristics and can induce complex multi-axial stress state in the material, including the coupling of alternating shear stress, periodic compression stress and local tensile stress. Under long-term cyclic load, the microstructure of the material gradually deteriorates, causing typical fatigue damage modes such as surface wear, particle sanding, interlayer peeling and permanent residual indentation, which seriously affect the flatness, elasticity and structural integrity of the surface. The current industry generally uses static pressure testing methods to apply constant vertical load and evaluate the short-term compression resistance of the material through single-dimensional pressure response, which cannot reproduce the dynamic transmission path, speed change and stress distribution characteristics of the contact area of the rolling load in the real working condition. Because the static test ignores the reciprocating motion characteristics of the load direction, the dynamic fluctuation of the contact pressure and the energy dissipation mechanism of the material under cyclic action, the test results have significant deviation from the actual performance, and it is difficult to accurately predict the fatigue life and damage evolution law of the sports surface under rolling working condition. In addition, the existing testing methods lack the ability to monitor the synchronous monitoring of multi-source damage characteristics, and cannot systematically quantify key indicators such as residual deformation, stiffness decay and surface morphology change, resulting in obvious limitations in the quality evaluation system. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a sports surface rolling load performance testing method and system, which solves the problems that the existing static test cannot accurately simulate the real rolling load and lacks multi-source damage characteristic monitoring, realizes comprehensive evaluation of the rolling fatigue evolution of the sports surface, and improves the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0004] The scheme of the present application is as follows: According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a sports surface rolling load performance testing method is provided, comprising: Preparation for testing the sports surface sample to be tested, at least including: fixing the sports surface sample to be tested on a test base, and determining a rolling test area; Construct a rolling load spectrum, which includes at least multiple test cycles, and sets different rolling load parameters in different test cycles; the rolling load parameters include at least one or more of the following: normal load, contact pressure, rolling speed, reciprocating stroke, rolling path width, and number of cycles, and at least one of the rolling load parameters in adjacent test cycles is different; The roller assembly is driven by the rolling load spectrum to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area of ​​the moving surface sample to be tested, and test data is collected on the moving surface sample to be tested in each test cycle; the test data includes multiple categories, and the multiple categories include at least two or more of the following: load data, displacement / deformation data, surface morphology data, wear data, and dynamic response data. The test data is time-synchronized, denoised, and feature-extracted to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue; the set of damage features includes at least one or more of the following: residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features. A rolling load performance evaluation result is generated based on the damage feature set; the rolling load performance evaluation result includes at least: a rolling load performance score, and / or a grade determination; The test is terminated and the rolling load performance evaluation result is output when the preset termination conditions are met in two adjacent test cycles. The preset termination conditions include at least one of the following: the value of the damage feature exceeds the preset damage threshold, the performance score is lower than the threshold, or the maximum number of test cycles is reached.

[0005] Preferably, the method further includes: Acquire test environment parameters, which include at least ambient temperature, ambient humidity and / or surface temperature of the test area; The test environment parameters are recorded before and after each test cycle, and a time correlation is established between the test environment parameters and the test data of the corresponding test cycle. The rolling load performance evaluation results for the current test period are corrected based on the test environment parameters of the current test period, and the correction includes at least one of the following methods: When the test environment parameters exceed the preset environment parameter range, the rolling load performance evaluation result is marked as invalid and an invalid mark is output, or a confidence level is output for the rolling load performance evaluation result and the confidence level is reduced; When the test environment parameters are within the preset environment parameter range, the evaluation result is converted into the evaluation result under the preset reference environment, or at least one damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized before generating the evaluation result. The preset environmental parameter range and preset reference environment are determined by a standard parameter library, historical calibration data, and pre-set test specifications. Output the corrected rolling load performance evaluation results, and retain the uncorrected original evaluation results and corresponding test environment parameters for result traceability.

[0006] Preferably, the test preparation of the moving surface sample to be tested further includes: The rolling test area is marked with positioning marks and the initial reference state is determined; the initial reference state includes: initial thickness, initial surface flatness, and initial indentation reference. A pre-processing rolling step is performed before the formal test to bring the test surface sample into a stable loading state, and the data generated by the pre-processing rolling is removed from the test data of the multiple test cycles or identified separately.

[0007] Preferably, constructing the rolling load spectrum includes: Establish load classification rules based on target application conditions; The normal load and contact pressure are set sequentially in order from low to high for multiple test cycles, and an accelerated load is set in at least one test cycle to achieve accelerated fatigue testing.

[0008] Preferably, driving the roller assembly to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area according to the rolling load spectrum includes: Based on the scrolling test area, a scrolling path plan is generated, and the scrolling test area is divided into at least two adjacent scrolling sub-paths in the width direction. Within the same test cycle, after controlling the roller assembly to perform a preset number of reciprocating rolls along the current rolling sub-path, it switches to the next rolling sub-path in the width direction according to a preset lateral step amount to continue performing reciprocating rolls, thereby forming a coverage area corresponding to the width of the rolling path; The preset lateral step size is determined based on the effective contact width of the roller.

[0009] Preferably, feature extraction is performed on the test data to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue, including: The test data for each test cycle are divided into rolling units according to the single or reciprocating stroke of the rolling motion; Within each rolling unit, load data applied by the roller and deformation data generated by the moving surface sample are collected synchronously. The correspondence between load response and deformation response is constructed for each rolling unit, and the maximum indentation and springback are extracted. The residual amount is calculated based on the maximum indentation and springback, and the residual indentation characteristics are determined based on the residual amount changes between adjacent test cycles. The response curve is constructed based on the correspondence between the load response and the deformation response of each rolling element, and the stiffness decay characteristics are determined based on the slope change of the response curve in each test cycle. The initial baseline state is obtained before the test begins, and the current baseline state is obtained after at least one test cycle. The wear rate characteristics, surface sanding characteristics, and surface peeling characteristics are determined based on the difference between the initial baseline state and the current baseline state. The residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features are combined to form the damage feature set.

[0010] Preferably, the test data is time-synchronized and denoised, including: The test data collected from each data acquisition channel are synchronized with a unified clock and timestamp. The aligned test data is divided according to the test period to obtain the data segments corresponding to each test period; Each data segment is filtered for noise reduction and outlier removal, and the data segments are smoothed based on a preset window.

[0011] Preferably, generating rolling load performance evaluation results based on the damage feature set includes: Each damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized to obtain a normalized index for each damage feature. Determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to each damage feature; the weighting coefficients are used to characterize the contribution of each damage feature to the rolling load performance; The rolling load performance score is calculated based on the normalized index of each damage characteristic and its corresponding weighting coefficient. The rolling load performance score is matched with a preset grading threshold table to generate a grade determination.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes: After the termination test is triggered, record the test cycle number, the corresponding set of damage characteristics, and the rolling load performance evaluation results.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a rolling load performance testing system for a moving surface layer is provided, comprising: Processor and memory; The processor and memory are connected via a communication bus: The processor is used to call and execute the program stored in the memory; The memory is used to store a program, which is at least used to execute a rolling load performance test method for a moving surface layer as described in any of the above.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects: This application constructs a multi-cycle, parameter-variable rolling load spectrum to drive a roller assembly to apply reciprocating rolling loads to a moving surface sample, and collects multi-category test data. By processing the data and extracting damage features, performance evaluation results reflecting the rolling fatigue evolution of the moving surface can be generated. This method overcomes the limitation of traditional static testing in simulating real rolling conditions, enabling the assessment of the load-bearing capacity and durability of the moving surface, and reflecting fatigue damage such as wear, sandblasting, and spalling.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for testing the rolling load performance of a moving surface layer according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rolling load performance testing system for a moving surface layer provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Reference numerals: Processor-21; Memory-22. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0020] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing the rolling load performance of a moving surface layer according to an embodiment of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 1 A method for testing the rolling load performance of a moving surface layer, comprising: The test preparation for the motion surface sample to be tested includes at least: fixing the motion surface sample to be tested on the test base and determining the rolling test area; Construct a rolling load spectrum, which includes at least multiple test cycles, and set different rolling load parameters in different test cycles; the rolling load parameters include at least one or more of the following: normal load, contact pressure, rolling speed, reciprocating stroke, rolling path width, and number of cycles, and at least one of the rolling load parameters in adjacent test cycles is different; The rolling load spectrum drives the roller assembly to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area of ​​the moving surface sample under test, and test data is collected on the moving surface sample under test in each test cycle; the test data includes multiple categories, including at least two or more of the following categories: load data, displacement / deformation data, surface morphology data, wear data, and dynamic response data. The test data is time-synchronized, denoised, and feature-extracted to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue; the set of damage features includes at least one or more of the following: residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features. Rolling load performance evaluation results are generated based on the damage feature set; the rolling load performance evaluation results include at least: rolling load performance score, and / or, grade determination; The test is terminated and the rolling load performance evaluation result is output when the preset termination conditions are met in two adjacent test cycles. The preset termination conditions include at least one of the following: the value of the damage characteristic exceeds the preset damage threshold, the performance score is lower than the threshold, or the maximum number of test cycles is reached.

[0021] It should be noted that: A sports surface sample refers to a slice or block of sports field material used for rolling load testing, such as a synthetic running track or court surface. This sample is used to simulate the behavior of actual sports surfaces under load.

[0022] A test base is a support structure used to fix the moving surface sample. This base provides stable support, ensuring the sample remains in place during testing and preventing sample movement from affecting the accuracy of the test results.

[0023] The rolling test area refers to the specific region on the moving surface sample where a rolling load is applied by the roller assembly. This area is the focus for data acquisition and damage assessment.

[0024] A rolling load spectrum is a set of pre-defined combinations of rolling load parameters used to simulate different intensities and types of rolling loads that a moving surface layer may experience in actual use. This load spectrum is defined through multiple test cycles, each with specific load parameters.

[0025] Rolling load parameters are physical quantities used to describe the characteristics of rolling loads. These parameters include at least normal load, contact pressure, rolling speed, reciprocating stroke, rolling path width, and number of cycles. The combination of these parameters defines the load conditions for each test cycle.

[0026] A roller assembly is a mechanical device used to apply a reciprocating rolling load to a moving surface sample. This assembly typically includes one or more rollers, which achieve a preset rolling motion via a drive system.

[0027] Reciprocating rolling load refers to the load applied by a roller assembly rolling back and forth along a specific path on a moving surface sample. This load can simulate the dynamic effects of vehicles, equipment, or pedestrian traffic on the moving surface in actual use.

[0028] Test data refers to the information collected through various sensors and measuring devices during rolling tests. This data includes load data, displacement / deformation data, surface morphology data, wear data, and dynamic response data, which comprehensively reflect the sample's response under rolling loads.

[0029] The damage feature set refers to the quantitative indicators extracted from test data that characterize the rolling fatigue evolution state of the moving surface layer. This set includes residual indentation features, stiffness decay features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features, and is used to assess the degree of damage to the material.

[0030] Rolling load performance evaluation results refer to a comprehensive assessment of the rolling load performance of the moving surface layer based on a set of damage characteristics. This result can be expressed as a rolling load performance score or grade determination, used to quantify the durability and load-bearing capacity of the moving surface layer.

[0031] Preset termination conditions refer to the conditions used during rolling testing to determine whether the test needs to be stopped. When these conditions are met, the test will be terminated to avoid excessive damage or to achieve the preset test objectives.

[0032] This method begins with test preparation of the motion surface sample. This preparation includes securing the motion surface sample to the test base and defining the rolling test area. The motion surface sample can be fixed to the support structure using mechanical clamps or adhesives to ensure positional stability during testing. The rolling test area can be defined manually or using a positioning template to clarify the application range of the roller assembly.

[0033] Secondly, a rolling load spectrum is constructed. This load spectrum includes multiple test cycles, with different rolling load parameters set in different test cycles. The rolling load parameters can be preset; for example, a lower normal load and rolling speed can be set in the first test cycle, and a higher normal load and rolling speed can be set in the second test cycle. At least one of the rolling load parameters differs between adjacent test cycles to simulate load variations under actual working conditions. For example, only the normal load can be changed while keeping the rolling speed constant, or both the normal load and rolling speed can be changed simultaneously.

[0034] Next, the roller assembly is driven according to the rolling load spectrum to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area of ​​the moving surface sample, and test data is collected during each test cycle. The roller assembly can be driven by a drive device to roll linearly within a preset reciprocating stroke. Test data acquisition can be accomplished using various sensors installed on the test equipment. For example, force sensors can be used to collect load-related data, displacement sensors can be used to collect displacement / deformation-related data, optical scanners can be used to collect surface topography-related data, load cells can be used to collect wear-related data, and accelerometers can be used to collect dynamic response-related data.

[0035] Subsequently, the test data is time-synchronized, denoised, and feature-extracted to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue. Time synchronization is achieved by recording and aligning the timestamps of each sensor's data. Denoising can be performed using averaging or median filtering methods. Feature extraction can be based on preliminary calculations of the raw data; for example, residual indentation features can be determined by observing changes in indentation depth over time, or surface spalling features can be identified by comparing changes in the macroscopic morphology of samples after different test cycles.

[0036] Furthermore, a rolling load performance evaluation result is generated based on this set of damage features. This evaluation result includes a rolling load performance score and / or a grade determination. For example, an empirical threshold can be set for each damage feature; when a damage feature reaches or exceeds this threshold, a corresponding deduction is applied, and all deductions are accumulated to obtain the rolling load performance score. The grade determination can be based on a comparison of this score with a preset score range, thereby classifying the performance into different grades.

[0037] Finally, the test is terminated and the rolling load performance evaluation result is output when the preset termination conditions are met in two consecutive test cycles. The preset termination conditions can be set; for example, the test can be terminated when the values ​​of one or more damage characteristics exceed a preset damage threshold, or when the performance score is lower than a threshold, or when the test time reaches the maximum number of test cycles. Once the termination conditions are met, the test system stops running and outputs the generated rolling load performance evaluation result.

[0038] This application constructs a multi-cycle, parameter-variable rolling load spectrum to drive a roller assembly to apply reciprocating rolling loads to a moving surface sample, and collects multi-category test data. By processing the data and extracting damage features, performance evaluation results reflecting the rolling fatigue evolution of the moving surface can be generated. This method overcomes the limitation of traditional static testing in simulating real rolling conditions, enabling the assessment of the load-bearing capacity and durability of the moving surface, and reflecting fatigue damage such as wear, sandblasting, and spalling.

[0039] Preferably, the method further includes: After the termination test is triggered, record the test cycle number, the corresponding set of damage characteristics, and the rolling load performance evaluation results.

[0040] In the rolling load performance testing method for moving surface layers, when the test stops due to the fulfillment of preset termination conditions, the system automatically and accurately records the test cycle number that triggered the termination test, the corresponding set of damage characteristics, and the rolling load performance evaluation results. This allows testers to clearly understand the specific state and performance at the time of test termination, providing detailed and traceable data support for subsequent failure analysis, material improvement, and test standard optimization. For example, by analyzing the set of damage characteristics at termination, the specific mechanisms leading to surface layer failure can be explored in depth; by comparing the termination cycles and performance evaluation results of different tests, the durability and reliability of the material can be assessed more accurately. This detailed recording mechanism greatly enhances the value of test data, facilitates more efficient product development and quality control, avoids analytical blind spots caused by missing information, and thus improves the scientific rigor and practicality of the entire testing method.

[0041] Example 2 During the rolling load performance testing of moving surface layers, environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity can significantly affect the mechanical properties, deformation characteristics, and wear behavior of the materials. If these environmental fluctuations are not considered and rolling load performance evaluation results are generated directly based on test data, the accuracy, reliability, and comparability of the evaluation results may be reduced. This would prevent the true reflection of the actual performance of the moving surface layer under different environments, thus affecting the validity of the test results.

[0042] In this regard, this application further proposes that the above-mentioned rolling load performance test method for the moving surface layer also includes: Obtain the test environment parameters, which should include at least the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and / or the surface temperature of the test area. Record the test environment parameters before and after each test cycle, and establish a time correlation between the test environment parameters and the test data of the corresponding test cycle; The rolling load performance evaluation results for the current test period are corrected based on the test environment parameters for the current test period. The correction includes at least one of the following methods: When the test environment parameters exceed the preset environment parameter range, the rolling load performance evaluation result will be marked as invalid and an invalid mark will be output, or the confidence level of the rolling load performance evaluation result will be output and the confidence level will be reduced. When the test environment parameters are within the preset environment parameter range, the evaluation result is converted into the evaluation result under the preset reference environment, or at least one damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized before generating the evaluation result. The preset environmental parameter range and preset reference environment are determined by the standard parameter library, historical calibration data and pre-set test specifications. Output the corrected rolling load performance evaluation results, and retain the uncorrected original evaluation results and corresponding test environment parameters for result traceability.

[0043] Specifically, test environment parameters refer to external environmental factors that may affect the performance of the moving surface sample during rolling load testing. Ambient temperature refers to the air temperature of the test environment, ambient humidity refers to the air humidity of the test environment, and the surface temperature of the test area refers to the actual surface temperature of the area where the roller contacts the moving surface sample. These parameters have direct or indirect effects on the elastic modulus, viscoelasticity, coefficient of friction, and wear mechanism of polymer materials. For example, increased temperature may cause material softening, and changes in humidity may affect the material's hygroscopic expansion or drying shrinkage. These parameters are typically obtained by deploying high-precision sensors, such as thermocouples, infrared thermometers, and temperature and humidity sensors, near the test equipment or within the test area to monitor and record these critical environmental data in real-time or near real-time.

[0044] Environmental parameters are recorded before and after each test cycle to capture the trends and average levels of environmental conditions within the test cycle. This recording method reflects the dynamic changes in environmental parameters during testing, rather than just static values. Establishing a time correlation between these recorded environmental parameters and test data collected within the same test cycle means matching environmental data with load-related data, displacement / deformation data, etc., ensuring that subsequent analysis and corrections accurately identify which test results were obtained under specific environmental conditions. This time correlation can be achieved through a unified timestamp or a synchronized data acquisition system.

[0045] The rolling load performance evaluation results for the current test period are corrected based on the test environment parameters of the current test period. The purpose is to eliminate or reduce the impact of environmental parameter fluctuations on the test results, thereby improving the accuracy and comparability of the evaluation results. The correction includes at least one of the following methods: when the test environment parameters exceed the preset environmental parameter range, the rolling load performance evaluation results are marked as invalid and an invalid flag is output, or a confidence level is output for the rolling load performance evaluation results and the confidence level is reduced; when the test environment parameters are within the preset environmental parameter range, the evaluation results are converted to evaluation results under a preset reference environment, or at least one damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized before generating the evaluation results.

[0046] The preset environmental parameter range is determined based on testing standards, material properties, or experimental experience, indicating the range of environmental conditions within which the test results are considered reliable and valid. When the actual test environmental parameters exceed this range, it indicates that the test conditions deviate from the standard or expectation, and the test results may no longer be representative or comparable. Marking it as invalid and outputting an invalid flag directly rejects the result, avoiding misleading conclusions. Another approach is to output a confidence level and lower that level, indicating that the result still has some reference value, but its reliability is lower than the results under standard conditions, reminding users to interpret it with caution. The preset reference environment is a standard environmental condition used to unify the comparison of different test results, such as a temperature of 23°C and a relative humidity of 50% as specified in international standards. When environmental parameters fluctuate within the preset environmental parameter range, the evaluation results under the current environment can be converted to the preset reference environment through an established correction model or calibration curve to eliminate errors caused by environmental fluctuations, making test results from different times and locations comparable. Alternatively, before generating evaluation results, key damage features in the damage feature set (such as residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, etc.) can be normalized. This involves adjusting these features according to environmental parameters to reflect their performance under standard conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the evaluation results. The determination of the preset environmental parameter range and preset reference environment is not arbitrary but based on scientific evidence and industry consensus, determined by a standard parameter library, historical calibration data, and pre-defined test specifications. The standard parameter library may contain provisions for test environments in international or national standards; historical calibration data refers to data accumulated through extensive experiments testing the same material under different environmental conditions and analyzing the relationship between environmental parameters and performance results; and pre-defined test specifications are specific test requirements developed based on specific application scenarios or customer needs. These sources collectively ensure the rationality and authority of the preset environmental parameter range and reference environment.

[0047] Finally, the corrected rolling load performance evaluation results are output, while the uncorrected original evaluation results and corresponding test environment parameters are retained for result traceability. Outputting the corrected evaluation results provides a more accurate and comparable final performance assessment. Simultaneously, retaining the uncorrected original evaluation results and corresponding test environment parameters is crucial. This allows for verification of the correction process when needed, or for re-correction when the correction model is updated. Furthermore, when questions arise regarding the test results, the original data and environmental conditions can be traced back to investigate the problem and analyze its root causes, ensuring the transparency of the testing process and the reliability of the results.

[0048] Through the above technical solution, during the rolling load performance test of the moving surface layer, key environmental parameters such as ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and / or surface temperature of the test area can be comprehensively monitored and recorded, and a time correlation can be established between these parameters and the test data. Based on these environmental parameters, this application can intelligently correct the rolling load performance evaluation results. Specifically, when environmental parameters exceed the preset range, the results can be marked as invalid or their credibility reduced, effectively avoiding the interference of unreliable data obtained in non-standard environments on the final evaluation. When environmental parameters fluctuate within the preset range, by converting the evaluation results to a preset reference environment or normalizing the damage characteristics, the potential influence of environmental factors on the test results is eliminated, significantly improving the accuracy, comparability, and consistency of test results from different batches and at different times. In addition, retaining the original evaluation results and environmental parameters provides a foundation for subsequent data traceability, verification, and model optimization, greatly enhancing the reliability and credibility of the test results, making the rolling load performance evaluation of the moving surface layer more scientific and rigorous.

[0049] Example 3 In the testing method for the rolling load performance of moving surface layers, preparing the sample for testing is a crucial step to ensure test accuracy. However, if the initial state of the sample and its load response in the early stages of testing are not fully considered, the test data may fluctuate significantly, affecting the accuracy of subsequent damage feature extraction and thus reducing the reliability of the rolling load performance evaluation results.

[0050] In this regard, this application further proposes that the test preparation of the surface layer sample to be tested also includes: The rolling test area is marked and the initial reference state is determined; the initial reference state includes: initial thickness, initial surface flatness and initial indentation reference. A pre-processing rolling step is performed before the formal test to bring the test surface sample into a stable loading state, and the data generated by the pre-processing rolling is removed from the test data of multiple test cycles or identified separately.

[0051] Specifically, marking the rolling test area involves precisely defining the area where the roller assembly will operate on the predetermined test area of ​​the moving surface sample under test, using methods such as physical scribing, laser engraving, or high-precision image recognition. This ensures the consistency of the subsequent rolling test path and avoids drift in the test area. Determining the initial reference state involves accurately measuring the key physical parameters of the marked area before the formal test begins. Initial thickness can be measured and recorded at multiple points using a non-contact laser thickness gauge or a contact micrometer to establish the initial thickness distribution of the area; initial surface flatness can be obtained by acquiring surface micro-morphology data using a 3D optical profilometer or laser scanner to quantify its initial roughness and waviness; and initial indentation reference can be recorded using a high-precision displacement sensor or optical measurement system under slight preload or no load conditions, recording the surface height or deformation reference point of the rolling test area. These initial reference state determinations provide a reliable reference for quantifying damage characteristics such as residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sandblasting features, and surface spalling features during subsequent testing.

[0052] Furthermore, performing a pre-treatment rolling step before formal testing refers to controlling the roller assembly to perform a certain number of reciprocating rolls on the rolling test area under a preset, typically low or progressive, load mode before the start of the formal rolling load test cycle. The purpose of this pre-treatment rolling is to induce necessary adjustments and compaction in the material structure of the test surface sample during the initial loading stage, stabilizing its internal stress distribution and mechanical response, thereby entering a stable loading state. For example, for some polymer materials, the initial loading may be accompanied by large initial plastic deformation or creep; pre-treatment rolling can effectively eliminate these nonlinear initial responses. Data generated during the pre-treatment rolling process can be excluded from the test data of subsequent test cycles, i.e., not included in the calculation of damage characteristics and performance evaluation, depending on actual needs; or it can be separately identified for analysis when needed, but its nature must be clearly distinguished from the formal test data.

[0053] Through the above technical solution, in the rolling load performance test of the moving surface layer, by accurately positioning and marking the rolling test area and measuring the initial reference states such as initial thickness, initial surface flatness, and initial indentation reference, accurate reference zero points and initial conditions can be provided for subsequent damage feature extraction. This makes the quantification of damage features such as wear, surface morphology changes, and residual indentations more accurate, avoiding measurement errors caused by the lack of initial references. Simultaneously, performing a pre-processing rolling step before formal testing effectively promotes the moving surface layer sample under test to enter a stable loading state, avoiding nonlinear deformation or compaction effects that may occur during the initial loading stage. This ensures that the test data collected in subsequent test cycles can truly reflect the fatigue evolution process of the material under stable loading conditions. By removing or separately identifying the pre-processed data, the interference of these initial unstable data on the damage feature extraction and rolling load performance evaluation results can be effectively avoided, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results.

[0054] Example 4 In this method, the rolling load spectrum is constructed, including: Establish load classification rules based on target application conditions; The normal load and contact pressure are set sequentially in order from low to high for multiple test cycles, and an accelerated load is set in at least one test cycle to achieve accelerated fatigue testing.

[0055] Specifically, the load grading rules are established based on the various rolling loads that the sports surface may encounter in actual use scenarios. These loads are classified, quantified, and ranked according to these criteria. This can be achieved through statistical analysis of actual sports field usage data, such as athlete weight, sports type, usage frequency, and equipment load, combined with industry standards, specifications, or expert experience, to classify these actual loads into different levels, such as light load, medium load, and heavy load. This grading ensures that the test load spectrum can accurately reflect the stress state experienced by the sports surface in actual use, improving the representativeness and accuracy of the test results.

[0056] When constructing the rolling load spectrum, the normal load and contact pressure are set sequentially for multiple test cycles in ascending order. This means that the values ​​of normal load and contact pressure gradually increase in each test cycle of the rolling load spectrum. This incremental load setting aims to simulate the gradual process of the moving surface layer from initial use to gradual wear and fatigue accumulation, which helps to observe the material's response and damage evolution under different stress levels. For example, the normal load and contact pressure for each test cycle can be determined by a preset load increment step size or increment ratio, gradually increasing from a lower initial load to a preset maximum load.

[0057] To further improve testing efficiency, accelerated loads are applied in at least one test cycle to achieve accelerated fatigue testing. Accelerated loads refer to applying extreme loads significantly higher than those used under normal conditions during one or more test cycles within the rolling load spectrum. This can increase the normal load or contact pressure to levels far exceeding normal operating ranges within a test cycle, or increase other rolling load parameters such as rolling speed and cycle count. For example, in the later stages of the load spectrum, one or more test cycles can be set where the normal load and / or contact pressure reach the material's ultimate load-bearing capacity or approach the failure threshold to accelerate the accumulation of fatigue damage. The amplitude and duration of the accelerated load need to be scientifically designed based on the material's fatigue characteristics and acceleration factor model to rapidly induce fatigue damage in the moving surface layer within a shorter test cycle.

[0058] By employing the aforementioned technical solutions, load grading rules are established based on the target application conditions, ensuring that the rolling load spectrum accurately reflects the load conditions that the moving surface layer may experience in actual use, thereby improving the representativeness and reliability of the test results. Simultaneously, by sequentially setting normal loads and contact pressures for multiple test cycles in ascending order, the gradual process of fatigue damage accumulation in the moving surface layer from normal use can be simulated, making the damage evolution path clearer and more identifiable. Furthermore, setting accelerated loads in at least one test cycle can significantly shorten the test cycle, rapidly inducing fatigue damage in the moving surface layer within a limited time, thus efficiently evaluating its long-term performance and durability. This load spectrum construction method not only improves testing efficiency but also enables test results to more accurately predict the fatigue life and performance degradation of the moving surface layer in actual applications, effectively solving the problems of long test cycles, insufficient damage induction, or inadequate representativeness in traditional testing methods.

[0059] Example 5 In this method, the roller assembly is driven to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area according to the rolling load spectrum, including: Based on the scroll test area, a scroll path plan is generated, and the scroll test area is divided into at least two adjacent scroll sub-paths in the width direction. Within the same test cycle, after the control roller assembly performs a preset number of reciprocating rolls along the current scrolling sub-path, it switches to the next scrolling sub-path in the width direction according to a preset lateral step amount to continue performing reciprocating rolls, thereby forming the coverage area of ​​the corresponding scrolling path width; The preset lateral step size is determined based on the effective contact width of the roller.

[0060] First, a rolling path plan is generated based on the rolling test area, dividing the rolling test area into at least two adjacent rolling sub-paths in the width direction. This rolling path plan aims to ensure that the roller assembly can fully cover the entire width of the test area, avoiding local over-testing or blind spots, thereby more comprehensively evaluating the rolling fatigue performance of the moving surface layer. Specifically, these sub-paths can be automatically generated by software algorithms based on the geometry of the test area and the effective contact width of the roller assembly. For example, the total test width is divided by the effective contact width of the roller, and overlapping areas are added as needed to determine the number and location of the sub-paths. These sub-paths can be parallel straight paths or curved paths designed according to specific test requirements.

[0061] Secondly, within the same test cycle, after the roller assembly performs a preset number of reciprocating rolls along the current rolling sub-path, it switches to the next rolling sub-path in the width direction according to a preset lateral step, thus forming a coverage area of ​​the corresponding rolling path width. This strategy ensures that within each test cycle, the roller assembly not only reciprocates in the length direction but also gradually moves in the width direction, achieving full coverage of the entire predetermined rolling path width. This can be achieved through a motion control system. For example, the roller assembly can be mounted on a platform capable of XY-plane movement. After completing a preset number of reciprocating rolls on a sub-path, the control system issues a command to move the platform in the width direction by a preset lateral step, and then begins reciprocating rolls on the next sub-path until all sub-paths are covered.

[0062] The preset lateral step size is determined based on the effective contact width of the roller. The preset lateral step size is the distance the roller assembly moves in the width direction each time. Determining this step size based on the effective contact width of the roller ensures appropriate overlap or tight connection between adjacent rolling sub-paths, thus avoiding "blank areas" not contacted by the rollers in the test area, and also preventing excessive overlap that would lead to excessively high repeated test intensity in local areas. The effective contact width refers to the width through which the roller actually contacts the moving surface layer and applies an effective load. Typically, the preset lateral step size can be set equal to the effective contact width of the roller to achieve seamless coverage; alternatively, to ensure a certain degree of overlap, it can be set slightly smaller than the effective contact width, for example, 80% or 90% of the effective contact width.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, when conducting rolling load tests on moving surface layer samples, the test area can be divided into multiple adjacent rolling sub-paths in the width direction based on rolling path planning, and the roller assembly can be controlled to reciprocate along these sub-paths sequentially within the same test cycle. This refined rolling path control, especially the determination of the lateral step based on the effective contact width of the roller, ensures that the roller assembly can fully and uniformly cover the entire preset rolling path width. This effectively avoids the local stress concentration and test blind spots that may be caused by traditional single-path rolling, enabling the test results to more realistically reflect the fatigue evolution process of the moving surface layer under distributed or multi-path rolling loads in actual applications, thereby improving the comprehensiveness, representativeness, and accuracy of the rolling load performance evaluation results.

[0064] Example 6 In this method, feature extraction is performed on the test data to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue, including: The test data for each test cycle are divided into rolling units according to the single or reciprocating stroke of the rolling motion; Within each rolling unit, load data applied by the roller and deformation data generated by the moving surface sample are collected synchronously. The correspondence between load response and deformation response is constructed for each rolling unit, and the maximum indentation and springback are extracted. The residual amount is calculated based on the maximum indentation and springback, and the residual indentation characteristics are determined based on the residual amount changes between adjacent test cycles. The response curve is constructed based on the correspondence between the load response and the deformation response of each rolling element, and the stiffness decay characteristics are determined based on the slope change of the response curve in each test cycle. The initial baseline state is obtained before the test begins, and the current baseline state is obtained after at least one test cycle. The wear rate characteristics, surface sanding characteristics, and surface peeling characteristics are determined based on the difference between the initial baseline state and the current baseline state. The damage feature set is formed by combining residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features.

[0065] First, the test data from each test cycle is divided into rolling units based on the single or reciprocating stroke of the rolling motion. The test data is typically continuous time-series data, recording the entire process of the roller assembly reciprocating on the moving surface sample. A "single stroke" can be defined as a data segment in which the roller moves from one preset starting point to another preset ending point, while a "reciprocating stroke" includes a complete rolling process from the starting point to the ending point and back to the starting point. The system can accurately identify the start and end points of each stroke based on displacement sensor data or control commands from the roller assembly, thereby dividing the continuous test data into independent, analyzable rolling units. This division helps to isolate and analyze the impact of each independent rolling event on the moving surface material, providing a foundation for subsequent refined feature extraction.

[0066] Secondly, a correspondence between load response and deformation response is established for each rolling unit, and the maximum indentation, springback, and residual values ​​are extracted. Within each rolling unit, the system synchronously collects load data (e.g., normal load) applied by the rollers and deformation data (e.g., vertical displacement or indentation depth) generated by the moving surface sample. By correlating these load data with the corresponding deformation data, a response curve can be constructed based on the correspondence between load response and deformation response. The maximum indentation refers to the maximum vertical deformation generated by the moving surface sample when the rollers apply the maximum load, which can be obtained by monitoring the readings of the vertical displacement sensor or laser displacement sensor of the roller assembly at the peak load. Springback refers to the amount of deformation recovered by the moving surface sample during load unloading, which can be calculated by comparing the maximum indentation with the deformation after complete load unloading (or when the load drops below a preset threshold). Residual value refers to the permanent deformation retained by the moving surface sample after complete load unloading, which can be obtained by subtracting the springback from the maximum indentation.

[0067] Based on this, residual indentation characteristics are determined by the changes in residual amount between adjacent test cycles. At the end of each test cycle, the average residual amount of all rolling elements within that cycle can be calculated, or a representative residual amount can be selected. By comparing the average residual amount of the current test cycle with the average residual amount of the previous test cycle, the cumulative trend of plastic deformation of the moving surface layer under continuous rolling load can be quantified. Residual indentation characteristics can be expressed as the absolute change value, rate of change, or cumulative value of the residual amount; for example, calculating the difference in residual amounts between adjacent cycles, or calculating the percentage increase in residual amount relative to the initial state.

[0068] Simultaneously, a response curve is constructed based on the correspondence between load response and deformation response for each rolling element. Stiffness decay characteristics are determined based on the slope changes of the response curves in each test cycle. Within each test cycle, the slope is extracted from the load-deformation response curve; this slope represents the instantaneous stiffness of the material. For example, the linear elastic segment of the response curve can be fitted to obtain the elastic modulus or stiffness coefficient. By comparing the stiffness slopes extracted from different test cycles, the degradation trend of the mechanical properties (stiffness) of the moving surface material during fatigue can be observed. Stiffness decay characteristics can be expressed as the absolute decrease in stiffness slope, the rate of decrease, or the percentage decrease relative to the initial stiffness. For example, the ratio of the current cycle stiffness to the initial cycle stiffness can be calculated, or the stiffness difference between adjacent cycles can be measured.

[0069] Furthermore, an initial baseline state is obtained before the test begins, and a current baseline state is obtained after at least one test cycle. Wear rate characteristics, surface sanding characteristics, and surface spalling characteristics are determined based on the differences between the initial and current baseline states. The initial baseline state refers to the initial thickness, initial surface smoothness (e.g., roughness, waviness), and initial indentation baseline (e.g., surface height under zero load) obtained by comprehensively scanning the rolling test area using high-precision measuring equipment (such as a laser scanner, 3D profilometer, or optical microscope) before the test begins. The current baseline state refers to the current thickness, surface smoothness, and indentation baseline obtained by measuring the same rolling test area again after at least one test cycle, or after multiple preset test cycles. Wear rate characteristics are calculated by comparing the difference between the initial and current thickness, and can be expressed as the thickness loss per unit rolling distance or unit number of cycles. Surface sanding characteristics are quantified by comparing the changes in the initial and current surface morphology, or by identifying the area and number of surface particles detached through image analysis techniques. Surface exfoliation features are identified and quantified using high-resolution image acquisition and image processing techniques to determine the size, number, and depth of exfoliated areas on the surface.

[0070] Finally, the residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features are combined to form the damage feature set. The extracted damage features (such as residual change rate, stiffness attenuation percentage, wear amount, sanding area, spalling depth, etc.) are integrated to form a vector or dataset. This set can contain original feature values ​​or normalized feature values ​​to facilitate subsequent comprehensive evaluation.

[0071] Example 7 In this method, the test data is time-synchronized and denoised, including: The test data collected from each data acquisition channel are synchronized with a unified clock and timestamp. The aligned test data is divided according to the test period to obtain the data segments corresponding to each test period; Each data segment is filtered for noise reduction and outlier removal, and the data segments are smoothed based on a preset window.

[0072] In this embodiment, the test data collected from each data acquisition channel are synchronized with a unified clock and aligned with timestamps, effectively solving the time deviation problem that may occur during multi-channel data acquisition and ensuring the accurate correspondence of all relevant data in the time dimension. Subsequently, the aligned data is divided according to the test cycle, so that the data of each test cycle can be processed independently and clearly, avoiding data confusion between different test cycles.

[0073] Furthermore, performing filtering and outlier removal on each data segment can effectively remove random noise and abnormal data points generated during the testing process, significantly improving the purity and reliability of the data.

[0074] Finally, the data segments are smoothed based on a preset window, making the data trends clearer and reducing the interference of local fluctuations on subsequent feature extraction. These processing steps work together to ensure the accuracy and stability of subsequent damage feature extraction, thus laying a solid data foundation for generating reliable rolling load performance evaluation results, avoiding evaluation bias caused by data quality issues, and improving the scientific rigor and accuracy of the entire testing method.

[0075] Example 8 In this method, rolling load performance evaluation results are generated based on a set of damage features, including: Each damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized to obtain a normalized index for each damage feature. Determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to each damage feature; the weighting coefficients are used to characterize the contribution of each damage feature to the rolling load performance. The rolling load performance score is calculated based on the normalized index of each damage characteristic and its corresponding weighting coefficient. The rolling load performance score is matched with a preset grading threshold table to generate a grade determination.

[0076] Specifically, each damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized to obtain a normalized index for each damage feature. Normalization aims to eliminate the influence of differences in units, values, or ranges between different damage features, ensuring that all features are compared and calculated on a uniform scale. For example, each damage feature value can be linearly scaled to the range of 0 to 1 (Min-Max normalization), or standardized using the mean and standard deviation (Z-score normalization). This ensures that each damage feature contributes its information fairly in subsequent performance scoring calculations, preventing certain features with large numerical ranges from dominating the evaluation results.

[0077] Based on this, weighting coefficients are determined for each damage feature, which characterize the contribution of each damage feature to rolling load performance. The weighting coefficients are determined to reflect the relative importance of different damage features in evaluating the rolling load performance of the moving surface layer. For example, in some application scenarios, residual indentation features may have a greater impact on overall performance than surface sanding features, and therefore should be given a higher weight. Weighting coefficients can be determined through expert experience, historical data analysis, sensitivity analysis, or based on statistical methods (such as principal component analysis) to ensure that the evaluation results accurately reflect the sensitivity of the moving surface layer to various types of damage in actual use.

[0078] Subsequently, the rolling load performance score is calculated based on the normalized indices of each damage feature and their corresponding weighting coefficients. The rolling load performance score is a comprehensive quantitative indicator used to evaluate the overall rolling load performance of the moving surface layer. This score is typically calculated by weighted summation of the normalized indices of each damage feature and their corresponding weighting coefficients. This calculation method integrates multiple heterogeneous damage features into a single, easily understood value, thus providing a comprehensive and objective performance evaluation.

[0079] Finally, the rolling load performance score is matched with a preset grading threshold table to generate a grade determination. Grade determination transforms the continuous rolling load performance score into a discrete performance grade with clear meaning. The preset grading threshold table defines the performance grades corresponding to different score intervals, such as "Excellent," "Good," "Medium," and "Poor." By comparing the calculated performance score with this threshold table, the performance level of the moving surface layer can be quickly and intuitively determined, providing a clear basis for quality control, product development, or maintenance decisions. These thresholds can be set based on industry standards, product specifications, or historical test data.

[0080] The above technical solution normalizes various heterogeneous damage features in the damage feature set, eliminating differences in dimensions and numerical ranges, thus making them comparable in subsequent calculations. Simultaneously, by determining the contribution of each damage feature to rolling load performance and assigning it a corresponding weight coefficient, the evaluation results more accurately reflect the actual impact of different damage types on overall performance. Based on this, the rolling load performance score calculated by combining the normalized index and weight coefficients provides an objective and quantitative comprehensive evaluation index. Furthermore, this score is matched with a preset grading threshold table to generate an intuitive grade determination, simplifying complex damage information into easily understandable and decision-making performance grades. This not only improves the scientific rigor and accuracy of rolling load performance evaluation but also provides a clear and reliable basis for quality control, performance optimization, and application selection of the moving surface layer, effectively solving the problems of bias, subjectivity, and difficulty in quantification that may arise when directly using original damage features for evaluation.

[0081] Example 9 A rolling load performance testing system for a moving surface layer, referring to Figure 2 ,include: Processor and memory; The processor and memory are connected via a communication bus: The processor is used to call and execute programs stored in memory. A memory is used to store a program, which is at least used to execute a rolling load performance test method for a moving surface layer as described in the above embodiments.

[0082] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0083] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0084] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0085] It should be understood that various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0087] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0088] The storage media mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk, or optical disk, etc.

[0089] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0090] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for testing the rolling load performance of a moving surface layer, characterized in that, include: Preparing the test sample for the moving surface layer to be tested includes at least: fixing the test sample to the test base and determining the rolling test area; Construct a rolling load spectrum, which includes at least multiple test cycles, and sets different rolling load parameters in different test cycles; the rolling load parameters include at least one or more of the following: normal load, contact pressure, rolling speed, reciprocating stroke, rolling path width, and number of cycles, and at least one of the rolling load parameters in adjacent test cycles is different; The roller assembly is driven by the rolling load spectrum to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area of ​​the moving surface sample to be tested, and test data is collected on the moving surface sample to be tested in each test cycle; the test data includes multiple categories, and the multiple categories include at least two or more of the following: load data, displacement / deformation data, surface morphology data, wear data, and dynamic response data. The test data is time-synchronized, denoised, and feature-extracted to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue; the set of damage features includes at least one or more of the following: residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features. A rolling load performance evaluation result is generated based on the damage feature set; the rolling load performance evaluation result includes at least: a rolling load performance score, and / or a grade determination; The test is terminated and the rolling load performance evaluation result is output when the preset termination conditions are met in two adjacent test cycles. The preset termination conditions include at least one of the following: the value of the damage feature exceeds the preset damage threshold, the performance score is lower than the threshold, or the maximum number of test cycles is reached.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire test environment parameters, which include at least ambient temperature, ambient humidity and / or surface temperature of the test area; The test environment parameters are recorded before and after each test cycle, and a time correlation is established between the test environment parameters and the test data of the corresponding test cycle. The rolling load performance evaluation results for the current test period are corrected based on the test environment parameters of the current test period, and the correction includes at least one of the following methods: When the test environment parameters exceed the preset environment parameter range, the rolling load performance evaluation result is marked as invalid and an invalid mark is output, or a confidence level is output for the rolling load performance evaluation result and the confidence level is reduced; When the test environment parameters are within the preset environment parameter range, the evaluation result is converted into the evaluation result under the preset reference environment, or at least one damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized before generating the evaluation result. The preset environmental parameter range and preset reference environment are determined by a standard parameter library, historical calibration data, and pre-set test specifications. Output the corrected rolling load performance evaluation results, and retain the uncorrected original evaluation results and corresponding test environment parameters for result traceability.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test preparation for the surface layer sample to be tested also includes: The rolling test area is marked with positioning marks and the initial reference state is determined; the initial reference state includes: initial thickness, initial surface flatness, and initial indentation reference. A pre-processing rolling step is performed before the formal test to bring the test surface sample into a stable loading state, and the data generated by the pre-processing rolling is removed from the test data of the multiple test cycles or identified separately.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Constructing the rolling load spectrum includes: Establish load classification rules based on target application conditions; The normal load and contact pressure are set sequentially in order from low to high for multiple test cycles, and an accelerated load is set in at least one test cycle to achieve accelerated fatigue testing.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller assembly is driven to apply a reciprocating rolling load to the rolling test area according to the rolling load spectrum, including: Based on the scrolling test area, a scrolling path plan is generated, and the scrolling test area is divided into at least two adjacent scrolling sub-paths in the width direction. Within the same test cycle, after controlling the roller assembly to perform a preset number of reciprocating rolls along the current rolling sub-path, it switches to the next rolling sub-path in the width direction according to a preset lateral step amount to continue performing reciprocating rolls, thereby forming a coverage area corresponding to the width of the rolling path; The preset lateral step size is determined based on the effective contact width of the roller.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Feature extraction was performed on the test data to obtain a set of damage features characterizing the evolution of rolling fatigue, including: The test data for each test cycle are divided into rolling units according to the single or reciprocating stroke of the rolling motion; Within each rolling unit, load data applied by the roller and deformation data generated by the moving surface sample are collected synchronously. The correspondence between load response and deformation response is constructed for each rolling unit, and the maximum indentation and springback are extracted. The residual amount is calculated based on the maximum indentation and springback, and the residual indentation characteristics are determined based on the residual amount changes between adjacent test cycles. The response curve is constructed based on the correspondence between the load response and the deformation response of each rolling element, and the stiffness decay characteristics are determined based on the slope change of the response curve in each test cycle. The initial baseline state is obtained before the test begins, and the current baseline state is obtained after at least one test cycle. The wear rate characteristics, surface sanding characteristics, and surface peeling characteristics are determined based on the difference between the initial baseline state and the current baseline state. The residual indentation features, stiffness attenuation features, wear rate features, surface sanding features, and surface spalling features are combined to form the damage feature set.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test data is time-synchronized and denoised, including: The test data collected from each data acquisition channel are synchronized with a unified clock and timestamp. The aligned test data is divided according to the test period to obtain the data segments corresponding to each test period; Each data segment is filtered for noise reduction and outlier removal, and the data segments are smoothed based on a preset window.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the damage feature set, rolling load performance evaluation results are generated, including: Each damage feature in the damage feature set is normalized to obtain a normalized index for each damage feature. Determine the weighting coefficients corresponding to each damage feature; the weighting coefficients are used to characterize the contribution of each damage feature to the rolling load performance; The rolling load performance score is calculated based on the normalized index of each damage characteristic and its corresponding weighting coefficient. The rolling load performance score is matched with a preset grading threshold table to generate a grade determination.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the termination test is triggered, record the test cycle number, the corresponding set of damage characteristics, and the rolling load performance evaluation results.

10. A rolling load performance testing system for a moving surface layer, characterized in that, include: Processor and memory; The processor and memory are connected via a communication bus: The processor is used to call and execute the program stored in the memory; The memory is used to store a program, which is at least used to execute the rolling load performance test method for a moving surface layer as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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